EP0775257B1 - Device for cylinder recognition in a multi-cylinder internal combustion engine - Google Patents
Device for cylinder recognition in a multi-cylinder internal combustion engine Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0775257B1 EP0775257B1 EP96919631A EP96919631A EP0775257B1 EP 0775257 B1 EP0775257 B1 EP 0775257B1 EP 96919631 A EP96919631 A EP 96919631A EP 96919631 A EP96919631 A EP 96919631A EP 0775257 B1 EP0775257 B1 EP 0775257B1
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- Prior art keywords
- cylinder
- internal combustion
- combustion engine
- recognition
- rotational speed
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- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 title claims description 41
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 17
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003550 marker Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003909 pattern recognition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000284 resting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001960 triggered effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/30—Controlling fuel injection
- F02D41/32—Controlling fuel injection of the low pressure type
- F02D41/34—Controlling fuel injection of the low pressure type with means for controlling injection timing or duration
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/009—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents using means for generating position or synchronisation signals
Definitions
- the invention is based on a device for cylinder detection in a multi-cylinder internal combustion engine the genus of the main claim.
- crankshaft In multi-cylinder internal combustion engines with a crank and a camshaft is from the control unit of the internal combustion engine depending on the recognized position of the crank or Camshaft calculates at what time for which Cylinder fuel should be injected and when in which cylinder to fire. It is usual, the angular position of the crankshaft with the help of a sensor to determine the crankshaft or one with this connected disc with a characteristic surface, for example with a variety of similar angle marks as well as a reference mark.
- phase position of the internal combustion engine can be used alone the crankshaft sensor signal does not clearly determine it is therefore common to also use the camshaft position of its own sensor, a so-called phase sensor determine, for example, a single marker there is a disk assigned to the camshaft, that when passing the sensor in this one voltage pulse generated.
- a device for cylinder detection in multi-cylinder internal combustion engines that doesn't need its own phase sensor, is known from DE-OS 41 22 786. At this facility are determined in certain after the start of the internal combustion engine Injection into a cylinder triggered, initially ignoring whether the Crankshaft in its first or second rotation Working cycle. The reaction of the internal combustion engine on this injection, i.e. the change in speed as a result of the injection is observed and dependent the speed change recognizes in which revolution the crankshaft is located and whether the injection at correct rotation angle has occurred.
- the device for cylinder detection according to the invention a multi-cylinder internal combustion engine with the features of claim 1 has the advantage that for cylinder detection no phase signal is needed and that not only recognized can be in what revolution the crankshaft currently located, but that directly a clear cylinder detection is possible.
- the device according to the invention can also be used in connection with leak detection is and then to check the from the stored Phase position determined current phase position used can be. Furthermore, the device according to the invention also in connection with a conventional system be used with a phase sensor so that in the case of a Failure of the phase sensor performed a safe emergency operation can be.
- Figure 1 shows the explanation Components of an internal combustion engine required by the invention
- Figure 2 shows an example of a speed curve the crankshaft angle for one cycle at one 12-cylinder internal combustion engine
- Figure 3 is a map for cylinder-specific segment duration correction values for a Speed vibration compensation at a 12-cylinder internal combustion engine.
- Figure 1 shows schematically that for understanding the invention required components of an internal combustion engine.
- This Representation is known for example from DE-OS 42 30 616.
- 10 denotes an encoder disk, the rigid with the crankshaft 11 of the internal combustion engine is connected and a large number of them of the same angle marks 12.
- Angle marks 12 are provided with a reference mark 13, for example by two missing angle marks is realized.
- the camshaft is designated 15. She turns with half the engine speed and is driven by the crankshaft, this drive is symbolized by the connecting line 17.
- a disc 14 in connection which is an angle mark 16, with the aid of which a phase signal is generated should.
- This disc 14 and the mark 16 and the associated one Camshaft sensor 19 can with the help of the invention Setup can be saved. Will the claimed facility in connection with a system with a phase sensor cylinder detection is still possible, if the phase sensor or camshaft sensor 19 is defective.
- the disk 10 connected to the crankshaft 11 is scanned using a crankshaft sensor 18.
- the Crankshaft sensor 18 supplies a periodic signal S1, that is a square wave signal when processed a course that corresponds to the surface of the disk 10.
- Control unit 20 determines the speed of crankshaft 11 by evaluating the time sequence of the pulses of the signal S1 becomes.
- the time interval results same pulse edges a current speed from which So-called segment time can be an average speed determine.
- the segment time is the time that passes while the crankshaft is around a certain one Angle rotates and this angle (one segment) is equal to 720 ° KW divided by the number of cylinders of the internal combustion engine is.
- the segment time typically corresponds to the length of time between 2 ignitions or in other words the duration until the crankshaft divides by 720 ° Number of cylinders has rotated. But there are also any longer ones and shorter segment times are conceivable.
- the control unit 20 receives further, via various inputs, for the control or regulation of the internal combustion engine required input quantities that are different from here sensors not specified are measured. Farther an "ignition on” signal is supplied via an input 22, that when the ignition switch 23 is closed by the Terminal 15 of the ignition lock is supplied.
- control unit 20 does not provide this comprises designated computing or storage means 24, 25, Ignition and injection signals for specified Components of the internal combustion engine are available. This Signals are output via the outputs 26, 27 of the control device 20th submitted.
- the control unit 20 is supplied with voltage in usually with the help of a battery 28, which has a Switch 29 during operation of the internal combustion engine as well as during a run-on phase after the engine has been switched off is connected to the control unit 20.
- the operation of the internal combustion engine results in normal operation engine and cylinder individual or characteristic Speed fluctuations.
- cylinder characteristics Speed fluctuations are caused, for example, by torsional vibrations the crankshaft in connection with vibration dampers on one side of the crankshaft and flywheel caused on the other side of the crankshaft.
- With high cylindrical Motors can measure the speed amplitudes that result the torsional vibrations occur the same Reach the same size as those caused by combustion misfires caused fluctuations in speed.
- Speed due to combustion in the work cycle of the internal combustion engine.
- the typical for a 12-cylinder engine is Segment time or period length 60 ° related to the crankshaft angle. Such a speed curve is shown in FIG shown schematically over the crankshaft angle ⁇ .
- FIG. 3 shows a course of the vibration amplitudes, plotted as segment time correction values SK for 60 ° Crank angle depending on the cylinder number Z and the Engine speed n for the example of a 12-cylinder engine.
- the individual cylinder shown in Figure 3 Segment time correction values determined. These will be like already mentioned in connection with vibration compensation for misfire detection (evaluation of speed fluctuations) anyway and in one Map stored in the control unit of the internal combustion engine.
- the Segment time correction values can be e.g. B. be determined by the individual segment times with uniform operation be measured and the measurement results with each other be compared. These measurements can be taken at different Speeds and / or load conditions are carried out and the results are stored in a map. It must be sure that there are no misfires are. If misfires are detected, none will Cylinder detection carried out because of misfires irregular speed curves can lead. While driving are the cylinder-specific segment duration correction values also formed and compared with the saved.
- the cylinder recognition is made from the recognized courses derived.
- the cylinder detection described can be used in a wide variety of applications Use internal combustion engines, making an adjustment the procedure at the start of the injections or ignitions must take place.
- an internal combustion engine with many cylinders where the cylinders are in two banks are arranged, the original start can take place with bank injection.
- With additionally resting high-voltage distribution with Single spark coils are then initially operated with double spark started. This applies until a cylinder identification has taken place.
- the cylinder-specific speed amplitudes are recorded depending on the load and speed possible.
- the comparison with corresponding characteristic values can be extended into pattern recognition or recognition by means of an Euclidean distance.
- control unit can Initiate measures, for example a switchover done from group to single injection and it can switch from double-spark to single-spark operation can be switched.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Combined Controls Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
- Ignition Installations For Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
Description
Die Erfindung geht aus von einer Einrichtung zur Zylindererkennung bei einer mehrzylindrigen Brennkraftmaschine nach der Gattung des Hauptanspruchs.The invention is based on a device for cylinder detection in a multi-cylinder internal combustion engine the genus of the main claim.
Bei Mehrzylinder-Brennkraftmaschinen mit einer Kurbel- und einer Nockenwelle wird vom Steuergerät der Brennkraftmaschine in Abhängigkeit von der erkannten Lage der Kurbel- bzw. Nockenwelle berechnet, zu welchem Zeitpunkt für welchen Zylinder Kraftstoff eingespritzt werden soll und wann in welchem Zylinder eine Zündung auszulösen ist. Dabei ist es üblich, die Winkellage der Kurbelwelle mit Hilfe eines Sensors zu ermitteln, der die Kurbelwelle bzw. eine mit dieser verbundenen Scheibe mit einer charakteristischen Oberfläche, beispielsweise mit einer Vielzahl gleichartiger Winkelmarken sowie einer Bezugsmarke abtastet.In multi-cylinder internal combustion engines with a crank and a camshaft is from the control unit of the internal combustion engine depending on the recognized position of the crank or Camshaft calculates at what time for which Cylinder fuel should be injected and when in which cylinder to fire. It is usual, the angular position of the crankshaft with the help of a sensor to determine the crankshaft or one with this connected disc with a characteristic surface, for example with a variety of similar angle marks as well as a reference mark.
Da sich die Kurbelwelle innerhalb eines Arbeitsspieles zweimal dreht, während sich die Nockenwelle nur einmal dreht, läßt sich die Phasenlage der Brennkraftmaschine allein aus dem Kurbelwellensensorsignal nicht eindeutig bestimmen, es ist daher üblich, auch die Nockenwellenstellung mit Hilfe eines eigenen Sensors, eines sogenannten Phasensensors, zu ermitteln, wobei beispielsweise eine einzige Markierung auf einer der Nockenwelle zugeordneten Scheiben vorhanden ist, die beim Vorbeilaufen am Sensor in diesem einen Spannungsimpuls erzeugt.Because the crankshaft turns twice within one working cycle turns while the camshaft turns only once, the phase position of the internal combustion engine can be used alone the crankshaft sensor signal does not clearly determine it is therefore common to also use the camshaft position of its own sensor, a so-called phase sensor determine, for example, a single marker there is a disk assigned to the camshaft, that when passing the sensor in this one voltage pulse generated.
Mit Hilfe einer solchen Anordnung, die beispielsweise in der DE-OS 42 30 616 beschrieben ist, läßt sich bei einer Viertaktbrennkraftmaschine eine Synchronisation zwischen Kurbel- und Nockenwelle durchführen, es ist dann möglich, durch Auswertung der beiden Signale des Kurbelwellen- und des Nockenwellensensors eine eindeutige Zylinder-Erkennung durchzuführen.With the help of such an arrangement, for example in the DE-OS 42 30 616 is described, can be in a four-stroke internal combustion engine a synchronization between crank and perform camshaft, it is then possible by evaluation of the two signals from the crankshaft and camshaft sensors perform a clear cylinder detection.
Eine Einrichtung zur Zylindererkennung bei Mehrzylinder-Brennkraftmaschinen, die keinen eigenen Phasensensor benötigt, ist aus der DE-OS 41 22 786 bekannt. Bei dieser Einrichtung werden nach dem Start der Brennkraftmaschine in bestimmten Winkelstellungen Einspritzungen in einen Zylinder ausgelöst, wobei zunächst nicht beachtet wird, ob sich die Kurbelwelle in ihrer ersten oder zweiten Umdrehung eines Arbeitsspieles befindet. Die Reaktion der Brennkraftmaschine auf diese Einspritzung, also die Änderung der Drehzahl infolge der Einspritzung wird beobachtet und in Abhängigkeit von der Drehzahländerung wird erkannt, in welcher Umdrehung sich die Kurbelwelle befindet und ob die Einspritzung beim richtigen Drehwinkel erfolgt ist.A device for cylinder detection in multi-cylinder internal combustion engines, that doesn't need its own phase sensor, is known from DE-OS 41 22 786. At this facility are determined in certain after the start of the internal combustion engine Injection into a cylinder triggered, initially ignoring whether the Crankshaft in its first or second rotation Working cycle. The reaction of the internal combustion engine on this injection, i.e. the change in speed as a result of the injection is observed and dependent the speed change recognizes in which revolution the crankshaft is located and whether the injection at correct rotation angle has occurred.
Die erfindungsgemäße Einrichtung zur Zylindererkennung bei
einer mehrzylindrigen Brennkraftmaschine mit den Merkmalen
des Anspruchs 1 hat den Vorteil, daß zur Zylindererkennung
kein Phasensignal benötigt wird und daß nicht nur erkannt
werden kann, in welcher Umdrehung sich die Kurbelwelle
gerade befindet, sondern daß direkt eine eindeutige Zylindererkennung
möglich ist.The device for cylinder detection according to the invention
a multi-cylinder internal combustion engine with the features
of
Erzielt werden diese Vorteile, indem eine sehr exakte Analyse des Drehzahlverlaufs durchgeführt wird und brennkraftmaschinen- und zylinderindividuelle Drehzahlschwankungen, auch im Normalbetrieb, erkannt werden und zur eindeutigen Zylinderidentifikation verwendet werden.These benefits are achieved by using a very precise Analysis of the speed curve is carried out and internal combustion engine and cylinder-specific speed fluctuations, even in normal operation, are recognized and clear Cylinder identification can be used.
Besonders vorteilhaft ist, daß für jede Brennkraftmaschine eine zylinderspezifische Drehzahlverteilung in einem Speicher abgelegt werden kann und durch Vergleich der gemessenen Drehzahlverteilung mit der abgelegten sofort erkannt werden kann, welcher Zylinder sich in seinem oberen Totpunkt befindet.It is particularly advantageous that for every internal combustion engine a cylinder-specific speed distribution in a memory can be filed and by comparing the measured Speed distribution with the filed can be recognized immediately can know which cylinder is at top dead center.
Weiterhin ist vorteilhaft, daß die erfindungsgemäße Einrichtung auch im Zusammenhang mit einer Auslauferkennung einsetzbar ist und dann zur Überprüfung der aus der abgespeicherten Phasenlage ermittelten aktuellen Phasenlage verwendet werden kann. Weiterhin kann die erfindungsgemäße Einrichtung auch im Zusammenhang mit einem herkömmlichen System mit Phasensensor eingesetzt werden, damit im Falle eines Ausfalls des Phasensensors ein sicherer Notbetrieb durchgeführt werden kann.It is also advantageous that the device according to the invention can also be used in connection with leak detection is and then to check the from the stored Phase position determined current phase position used can be. Furthermore, the device according to the invention also in connection with a conventional system be used with a phase sensor so that in the case of a Failure of the phase sensor performed a safe emergency operation can be.
Weitere Vorteile der Erfindung werden mit den in den Unteransprüchen angegebenen Maßnahmen erzielt.Further advantages of the invention are with the in the subclaims specified measures achieved.
Ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung ist in der Zeichnung dargestellt und wird in der nachfolgenden Beschreibung näher erläutert. Im einzelnen zeigt Figur 1 die zur Erläuterung der Erfindung erforderlichen Bestandteile einer Brennkraftmaschine, Figur 2 beispielhaft einen Drehzahlverlauf über dem Kurbelwellenwinkel für ein Arbeitsspiel bei einer 12-Zylinder-Brennkraftmaschine und Figur 3 ein Kennfeld für zylinderindividuelle Segmentdauerkorrekturwerte für eine Drehzahlschwingungskompensation bei einer 12-Zylinder-Brennkraftmaschine.An embodiment of the invention is in the drawing shown and is described in more detail in the following description explained. In detail, Figure 1 shows the explanation Components of an internal combustion engine required by the invention, Figure 2 shows an example of a speed curve the crankshaft angle for one cycle at one 12-cylinder internal combustion engine and Figure 3 is a map for cylinder-specific segment duration correction values for a Speed vibration compensation at a 12-cylinder internal combustion engine.
Figur 1 zeigt schematisch die zum Verständnis der Erfindung
erforderlichen Bestandteile einer Brennkraftmaschine. Diese
Darstellung ist beispielsweise aus der DE-OS 42 30 616 bekannt.
Im einzelnen ist dabei mit 10 eine Geberscheibe bezeichnet,
die starr mit der Kurbelwelle 11 der Brennkraftmaschine
verbunden ist und an ihrem Umfang eine Vielzahl
gleichartiger Winkelmarken 12 aufweist. Neben diesen gleichartigen
Winkelmarken 12 ist eine Referenzmarke 13 vorgesehen,
die beispielsweise durch zwei fehlende Winkelmarken
realisiert ist.Figure 1 shows schematically that for understanding the invention
required components of an internal combustion engine. This
Representation is known for example from DE-OS 42 30 616.
Specifically, 10 denotes an encoder disk,
the rigid with the
Die Nockenwelle ist mit 15 bezeichnet. Sie dreht sich mit
halber Motordrehzahl und wird von der Kurbelwelle angetrieben,
dieser Antrieb wird durch die Verbindungslinie 17 symbolisiert.
Bei herkömmlichen Systemen steht mit der Nockenwelle
15 eine Scheibe 14 in Verbindung, die eine Winkelmarke
16 aufweist, mit deren Hilfe ein Phasensignal erzeugt werden
soll. Diese Scheibe 14 sowie die Marke 16 und der zugehörige
Nockenwellensensor 19 können mit Hilfe der erfindungsgemäßen
Einrichtung eingespart werden. Wird die beanspruchte Einrichtung
im Zusammenhang mit einem System mit Phasensensor
eingesetzt, ist eine Zylindererkennung auch noch möglich,
wenn der Phasensensor bzw. Nockenwellensensor 19 defekt ist.The camshaft is designated 15. She turns with
half the engine speed and is driven by the crankshaft,
this drive is symbolized by the connecting line 17.
In conventional systems stands with the camshaft
15 a
Die mit der Kurbelwelle 11 in Verbindung stehende Scheibe 10
wird mit Hilfe eines Kurbelwellensensors 18 abgetastet. Der
Kurbelwellensensor 18 liefert ein periodisches Signal S1,
das in aufbereitetem Zustand ein Rechtecksignal ist mit
einem Verlauf, der der Oberfläche der Scheibe 10 entspricht.The
Aus dem Ausgangssignal des Kurbelwellensensors 18 wird im
Steuergerät 20 die Drehzahl der Kurbelwelle 11 bestimmt,
indem die zeitliche Abfolge der Impulse des Signales S1 ausgewertet
wird. Dabei ergibt sich aus dem zeitlichen Abstand
gleichartiger Impulsflanken eine aktuelle Drehzahl, aus der
sogenannten Segmentzeit läßt sich eine mittlere Drehzahl
bestimmen. Mit Segmentzeit wird die Zeit bezeichnet, die
vergeht, während sich die Kurbelwelle um einen bestimmten
Winkel dreht und dieser Winkel (ein Segment) gleich 720° KW
dividiert durch die Zahl der Zylinder der Brennkraftmaschine
ist. Typischerweise entspricht die Segmentzeit der Zeitdauer
zwischen 2 Zündungen oder in anderen Worten der Zeitdauer
bis die Kurbelwelle sich 720° dividiert durch die
Zylinderanzahl gedreht hat. Es sind aber auch beliebig längere
und kürzere Segmentzeiten denkbar.From the output signal of the
Das Steuergerät 20 erhält über verschiedene Eingänge weitere,
für die Steuerung bzw. Regelung der Brennkraftmaschine
erforderliche Eingangsgrößen, die von verschiedenen, hier
nicht näher bezeichneten Sensoren gemessen werden. Weiterhin
wird über einen Eingang 22 ein "Zündung ein"-Signal zugeführt,
das beim Schließen des Zündschalters 23 von der
Klemme Kl.15 des Zündschlosses geliefert wird.The
Ausgangsseitig stellt das Steuergerät 20, das nicht näher
bezeichnete Rechen- bzw. Speichermittel 24, 25 umfaßt,
Signale für die Zündung und Einspritzung für näher bezeichnete
Komponenten der Brennkraftmaschine zur Verfügung. Diese
Signale werden über die Ausgänge 26, 27 des Steuergerätes 20
abgegeben. On the output side, the
Die Spannungsversorgung des Steuergerätes 20 erfolgt in
üblicher Weise mit Hilfe einer Batterie 28, die über einen
Schalter 29 während des Betriebes der Brennkraftmaschine
sowie während einer Nachlaufphase nach Abstellen des Motors
mit dem Steuergerät 20 in Verbindung steht.The
Mit der in Figur 1 beschriebenen Anordnung ist die gewünschte Zylinderidentifikation bei einem Viertaktmotor ohne Nockenwellenidentifikation, also entweder ohne Nockenwellensensor oder mit Nockenwellensensor bei einem Defekt des Nockenwellensensors, realisierbar. Voraussetzung ist dabei, daß bei einer Brennkraftmaschine, wie sie in Figur 1 schematisch dargestellt ist, eine Verbrennungsaussetzererkennung (z. B. durch Auswertung von Drehzahlschwankungen bzw. Laufunruhe-Erkennung) stattfindet. Eine Laufunruhe-Erkennung ist aus der DE-OS 32 31 766 bereits bekannt.With the arrangement described in Figure 1 is the desired Cylinder identification in a four-stroke engine without Camshaft identification, i.e. either without a camshaft sensor or with a camshaft sensor if the Camshaft sensor, realizable. The prerequisite is that in an internal combustion engine, as shown schematically in Figure 1 misfire detection is shown (e.g. by evaluating speed fluctuations or uneven running detection) takes place. An uneven running detection is already known from DE-OS 32 31 766.
Beim Betrieb des Verbrennungsmotors ergeben sich im Normalbetrieb motor- und zylinderindividuelle bzw. charakteristische Drehzahlschwankungen. Solche zylindercharakteristischen Drehzahlschwankungen werden beispielsweise durch Torsionsschwingungen der Kurbelwelle in Verbindung mit Schwingungsdämpfern an der einen Seite der Kurbelwelle und Schwungrad an der anderen Seite der Kurbelwelle verursacht. Bei hochzylindrischen Motoren können die Drehzahlamplituden, die infolge der Torsionsschwingungen auftreten, die gleichen Größenordnung erreichen wie die durch Verbrennungsaussetzer hervorgerufenen Drehzahlschwankungen. Generell schwankt die Drehzahl verbrennungsbedingt im Arbeitstakt der Brennkraftmaschine. Für einen 12-Zylinder-Motor beträgt die typische Segmentzeit bzw. Periodendauer 60° bezogen auf den Kurbelwellenwinkel. In Figur 2 ist ein solcher Drehzahlverlauf über dem Kurbelwellenwinkel α schematisch dargestellt. The operation of the internal combustion engine results in normal operation engine and cylinder individual or characteristic Speed fluctuations. Such cylinder characteristics Speed fluctuations are caused, for example, by torsional vibrations the crankshaft in connection with vibration dampers on one side of the crankshaft and flywheel caused on the other side of the crankshaft. With high cylindrical Motors can measure the speed amplitudes that result the torsional vibrations occur the same Reach the same size as those caused by combustion misfires caused fluctuations in speed. Generally it fluctuates Speed due to combustion in the work cycle of the internal combustion engine. The typical for a 12-cylinder engine is Segment time or period length 60 ° related to the crankshaft angle. Such a speed curve is shown in FIG shown schematically over the crankshaft angle α.
Dem theoretisch sehr gleichmäßigen Drehzahlverlauf sind die erwähnten Schwingungsamplituden überlagert. Da diese Schwingungsanteile charakteristisch für einen bestimmten Motor sind, kann durch die Auswertung der Schwingungsamplituden der einzelnen Zylinder eine Zylinderidentifikation eindeutig durchgeführt werden. Es ist dann kein Phasensensor erforderlich bzw. bei einem System mit Phasengeber kann dabei bei dessen Ausfall ein Notlaufbetrieb realisiert werden.The are theoretically very even speed curve vibration amplitudes mentioned superimposed. This one Vibration components characteristic of a certain Are motor can by evaluating the vibration amplitudes a cylinder identification of the individual cylinders be carried out clearly. Then it is not Phase sensor required or in a system with phase encoder can run in emergency operation if it fails will be realized.
Figur 3 zeigt einen Verlauf der Schwingungsamplituden, aufgetragen als Segmentzeit Korrekturwerte SK für 60° Kurbelwinkel abhängig von der Zylindernummer Z und der Motordrehzahl n für das Beispiel eines 12-Zylinder-Motors.FIG. 3 shows a course of the vibration amplitudes, plotted as segment time correction values SK for 60 ° Crank angle depending on the cylinder number Z and the Engine speed n for the example of a 12-cylinder engine.
Damit eine Zylindererkennung überhaupt möglich ist, werden zunächst die in Figur 3 dargestellten zylinderindividuelle Segmentzeitkorrekturwerte ermittelt. Diese werden, wie bereits erwähnt, im Zusammenhang mit einer Schwingungskompensation für die Verbrennungsaussetzererkennung (Auswertung von Drehzahlschwankungen) ohnehin benötigt und in einem Kennfeld im Steuergerät der Brennkraftmaschine abgelegt. Die Segmentzeitkorrekturwerte können dabei z. B. ermittelt werden, indem bei gleichförmigem Betrieb die einzelnen Segmentzeiten gemessen werden und die Meßergebnisse miteinander verglichen werden. Diese Messungen können bei verschiedenen Drehzahlen und/oder Lastbedingungen durchgeführt werden und die Ergebnisse in einem Kennfeld abgelegt werden. Dabei muß sichergestellt sein, daß keine Verbrennungsaussetzer vorhanden sind. Werden Verbrennungsaussetzer erkannt, wird keine Zylindererkennung durchgeführt, da Verbrennungsaussetzer zu irregulären Drehzahlverläufen führen können. Im Fahrbetrieb werden die zylinderindividuellen Segmentdauerkorrekturwerte ebenfalls gebildet und mit den abgespeicherten verglichen. So that cylinder recognition is possible at all First, the individual cylinder shown in Figure 3 Segment time correction values determined. These will be like already mentioned in connection with vibration compensation for misfire detection (evaluation of speed fluctuations) anyway and in one Map stored in the control unit of the internal combustion engine. The Segment time correction values can be e.g. B. be determined by the individual segment times with uniform operation be measured and the measurement results with each other be compared. These measurements can be taken at different Speeds and / or load conditions are carried out and the results are stored in a map. It must be sure that there are no misfires are. If misfires are detected, none will Cylinder detection carried out because of misfires irregular speed curves can lead. While driving are the cylinder-specific segment duration correction values also formed and compared with the saved.
Aus den wiedererkannten Verläufen wird die Zylindererkennung abgeleitet.The cylinder recognition is made from the recognized courses derived.
Die beschriebene Zylindererkennung läßt sich bei den verschiedensten Brennkraftmaschinen einsetzen, wobei eine Anpassung der Vorgehensweise beim Beginn der Einspritzungen bzw. Zündungen erfolgen muß. Bei einer Brennkraftmaschine mit vielen Zylindern, bei denen die Zylinder in zwei Banken angeordnet sind, kann der Ur-Start mit Bankeinspritzung erfolgen. Bei zusätzlich ruhender Hochspannungsverteilung mit Einzelfunkenspulen wird dann zunächst mit Doppelfunkenbetrieb gestartet. Dies gilt so lange bis eine Zylinderidentifikation stattgefunden hat.The cylinder detection described can be used in a wide variety of applications Use internal combustion engines, making an adjustment the procedure at the start of the injections or ignitions must take place. With an internal combustion engine with many cylinders where the cylinders are in two banks are arranged, the original start can take place with bank injection. With additionally resting high-voltage distribution with Single spark coils are then initially operated with double spark started. This applies until a cylinder identification has taken place.
Bei weiteren Starts in Verbindung mit einer Auslauferkennung, die sicherstellt, daß die nach dem Stillstand der Kurbelwelle ermittelte Winkelstellung bzw. Phasenlage beim Wiedereinschalten als richtige Position verwendet wird, kann dann sofort mit einer sequentiellen Kraftstoffeinspritzung gestartet werden.With further starts in connection with a leak detection, which ensures that after the crankshaft has come to a standstill determined angular position or phase position when switching on again can be used as the correct position then immediately with a sequential fuel injection be started.
Bei Ur-Starts oder bei Brennkraftmaschinen ohne Auslauferkennung kann eine Zylinderkennung im Normalbetrieb ohne starke Last- und Drehzahlschwankungen erfolgen, wobei davon ausgegangen wird, daß keine Verbrennungsaussetzer vorliegen. Bei Wiederholstarts kann zur Überprüfung der gespeicherten Phasenlage eine derartige Vorgehensweise ebenfalls erfolgen.For original starts or for internal combustion engines without leak detection can a cylinder detection in normal operation without strong load and speed fluctuations occur, of which it is assumed that there are no misfires. With repeated starts, you can check the saved Such a procedure also takes place in the phase position.
Weiterhin ist eine Erfassung der zylinderindividuellen Drehzahlamplituden unter Umständen last- und drehzahlabhängig möglich. Der Vergleich mit entsprechenden Kennfelawerten kann ausgedehnt werden in eine Mustererkennung oder die Erkennung mittels eines euklidischen Abstandes. Furthermore, the cylinder-specific speed amplitudes are recorded depending on the load and speed possible. The comparison with corresponding characteristic values can be extended into pattern recognition or recognition by means of an Euclidean distance.
Vor der Erstinbetriebnahme der Brennkraftmaschine kann ein beispielsweise auf einem Prüfstand ermittelter für die BKM typischer Drehzahlverlauf aufgenommen und in einem Datenspeicher abgelegt werden. Ausgehend von diesem gespeicherten Drehzahlverlauf kann dann die Zylindererkennung nach dem Einschalten der BKM erfolgen.Before the internal combustion engine is started up for the first time, a for example determined on a test bench for the BKM typical speed curve recorded and in a data memory be filed. Based on this saved The course of the speed can then be identified by the cylinder Switch on the BKM.
Nach durchgeführter Zylinderidentifikation kann das Steuergerät Maßnahmen einleiten, beispielsweise kann eine Umschaltung von Gruppen- auf Einzeleinspritzung erfolgen und es kann die Zündung von Doppelfunken- auf Einzelfunken-Betrieb umgeschaltet werden.After the cylinder has been identified, the control unit can Initiate measures, for example a switchover done from group to single injection and it can switch from double-spark to single-spark operation can be switched.
Claims (9)
- Device for cylinder recognition in an internal combustion engine, with a control unit for controlling the cyclically recurring operations, in particular the ignition and/or injection operations, a crankshaft sensor emitting signals indicating an angular position of the crankshaft which is ambiguous in terms of a working cycle of the internal combustion engine, the rotational speed of the crankshaft being capable of being determined from the signals of the crankshaft sensor, characterized in that, after the internal combustion engine has been switched on, the profile of the rotational speed or a variable dependent on this profile is determined over at least one working cycle of the internal combustion engine and is stored, and, when the internal combustion engine is switched on again, the rotational speed profile is determined again and is compared with the stored rotational speed profile, for the purpose of recognizing cylinder-characteristic rotational speed fluctuations and, consequently, for cylinder identification.
- Device for cylinder recognition according to Claim 1, characterized in that, before the internal combustion engine is first started, a rotational speed profile typical of the internal combustion engine is measured and is filed in a data memory and, when the internal combustion engine is switched on again, this rotational speed profile is compared with the current rotational speed profile for cylinder recognition.
- Device for cylinder recognition according to Claim 1, characterized in that cylinder-specific crank angle ranges dependent on the number of cylinders and designated as segments are defined, in that, for each segment, the segment rotational speed is determined and stored and a comparison of the stored values with the currently determined segment rotational speeds is carried out for cylinder recognition.
- Device for cylinder recognition according to Claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that misfire recognition additionally takes place and cylinder recognition is not carried out when misfires are recognized.
- Device for cylinder recognition according to Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that running noise recognition takes place, for which purpose the segment-specific rotational speed fluctuations are determined, segment correction values being formed and cylinder recognition taking place on the basis of such segment correction values.
- Device for cylinder recognition according to Claim 5, characterized in that the segment correction values are output as segment time correction values.
- Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, in an internal combustion engine with run-down recognition, in which the crankshaft position determined after the standstill of the crankshaft is taken into account during restarting, a check is made as to whether the crankshaft position assumed, and therefore the cylinder position, coincide with that actually determined, and, if a deviation is recognized, a correction is carried out.
- Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, after the conclusion of cylinder recognition, the conventional injection and ignition programmes are initiated.
- Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it is used in an internal combustion engine which additionally has a camshaft sensor emitting an unambiguous phase signal, and, if this camshaft sensor fails, an emergency running mode is initiated, in which cylinder recognition from the cylinder-specific rotational speed fluctuations takes place.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19521277A DE19521277A1 (en) | 1995-06-10 | 1995-06-10 | Device for cylinder detection in a multi-cylinder internal combustion engine |
| DE19521277 | 1995-06-10 | ||
| PCT/DE1996/000988 WO1996041938A1 (en) | 1995-06-10 | 1996-06-05 | Device for cylinder recognition in a multi-cylinder internal combustion engine |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0775257A1 EP0775257A1 (en) | 1997-05-28 |
| EP0775257B1 true EP0775257B1 (en) | 2000-02-02 |
Family
ID=7764140
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP96919631A Expired - Lifetime EP0775257B1 (en) | 1995-06-10 | 1996-06-05 | Device for cylinder recognition in a multi-cylinder internal combustion engine |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US5823166A (en) |
| EP (1) | EP0775257B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JPH10504087A (en) |
| KR (1) | KR100413558B1 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN1087394C (en) |
| DE (2) | DE19521277A1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1996041938A1 (en) |
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| US7373928B2 (en) | 2006-05-31 | 2008-05-20 | Joseph Thomas | Method for starting a direct injection engine |
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| KR100353987B1 (en) * | 1999-12-30 | 2002-09-27 | 현대자동차주식회사 | Device afor discriminating engine cylinder of vehicle |
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-
1995
- 1995-06-10 DE DE19521277A patent/DE19521277A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
1996
- 1996-06-05 CN CN96190622A patent/CN1087394C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1996-06-05 JP JP9502478A patent/JPH10504087A/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1996-06-05 DE DE59604365T patent/DE59604365D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-06-05 EP EP96919631A patent/EP0775257B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-06-05 US US08/776,707 patent/US5823166A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-06-05 WO PCT/DE1996/000988 patent/WO1996041938A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1996-06-05 KR KR1019970700912A patent/KR100413558B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE10122154A1 (en) * | 2001-05-08 | 2002-11-14 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Ag | Detecting 4-stroke internal combustion engine rough running, involves determining time required per revolution to pass through crankshaft angle range, and comparing successive time intervals |
| DE10122154B4 (en) * | 2001-05-08 | 2014-11-20 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft | Method and device for detecting the uneven running in four-stroke internal combustion engines |
| US7373928B2 (en) | 2006-05-31 | 2008-05-20 | Joseph Thomas | Method for starting a direct injection engine |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH10504087A (en) | 1998-04-14 |
| DE59604365D1 (en) | 2000-03-09 |
| US5823166A (en) | 1998-10-20 |
| DE19521277A1 (en) | 1996-12-12 |
| CN1157023A (en) | 1997-08-13 |
| KR100413558B1 (en) | 2004-05-24 |
| CN1087394C (en) | 2002-07-10 |
| EP0775257A1 (en) | 1997-05-28 |
| WO1996041938A1 (en) | 1996-12-27 |
| KR970704961A (en) | 1997-09-06 |
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