EP0724677B1 - Mehrgeschossiges Wohnhaus und Verfahren zu dessen Erstellung - Google Patents
Mehrgeschossiges Wohnhaus und Verfahren zu dessen Erstellung Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0724677B1 EP0724677B1 EP94928509A EP94928509A EP0724677B1 EP 0724677 B1 EP0724677 B1 EP 0724677B1 EP 94928509 A EP94928509 A EP 94928509A EP 94928509 A EP94928509 A EP 94928509A EP 0724677 B1 EP0724677 B1 EP 0724677B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- room
- living space
- residential building
- necessary
- cells
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/348—Structures composed of units comprising at least considerable parts of two sides of a room, e.g. box-like or cell-like units closed or in skeleton form
- E04B1/34869—Elements for special technical purposes, e.g. with a sanitary equipment
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
- E04H1/00—Buildings or groups of buildings for dwelling or office purposes; General layout, e.g. modular co-ordination or staggered storeys
- E04H1/02—Dwelling houses; Buildings for temporary habitation, e.g. summer houses
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for creating a house according to the Preamble of claim 1 and a multi-storey residential building according to the preamble of claim 8.
- the well-known room cell could also be designed so that those laid in it Installation lines also have connection elements on the outside of the cell walls to have installation facilities such as, for example, on these outer sides Connect kitchen appliances (stove, dishwasher or washing machine, refrigerator and the like) to be able to.
- a disadvantage of the well-known residential building was the establishment of the floor plan through the spatial cell, which often leads to an unsatisfactory, unfavorable floor plan organization led. This was reinforced by the static design of the rest of the house was aligned with the permanently installed cell.
- a multi-storey house is known from the GDR patent specification DD 203 590, So-called wet cells are attached to the outer wall of the room with sanitary installations were.
- the room cells were used for renovation work on old buildings. With these room cells, it should be possible to use existing buildings without regard on their floor plan, retrofitting wet cells.
- the DD 203 590 suggested breaking door openings out of the outer walls of the old building and wet cells between vertical bars of a skeletal structure hang up.
- the vertical scaffold spars were fixed in the outer wall of the old building anchored and connected to each other at the top by a cross strut. It was there skeletal scaffold not a work scaffold used to attach the wet room, but a supporting scaffold that remains on the dwelling house and holds the wet cells. For fixation with the house they were on one of the side walls of the house clinged on.
- DE-A used a construction analogous to DD 203 590 41 22 526.
- US-A 3 882 649 a modular system for the creation of residential buildings described in which only three different units, namely a room unit, a beam element and a floor element were used.
- the room units represented the load-bearing elements between the individual floors. Since they are in the interior of the house were fully integrated, they were not independent Units to grasp and could not on the outside of a residential building be arranged, which excluded interchangeability.
- FR-A 2 478 170 struck a single one with a solar system on the front Space cell in front. Either the partially wall-less part of the room was prepared into one Empty space of the residential building inserted so that only the solar part outside of the residential building remained or that from a light scaffolding (iron reinforcement scaffold) Formed outer sides of the only room cell were made with concrete shed common walls with the residential part of the building. The goal was this to integrate a room cell into the part of the residential building.
- a room cell to be designed as a sanitary cell for installation in a living room is in CH-A 554 476. Further room cells are from FR-A 2 286923, US-A 4 457 116, CH-A 503 855, CH-A 505 264, CH-A 560 815, the DE-A 25 20 682 and DE-A 40 06 605 are known.
- a prefabricated room cell equipped with residential infrastructure is understood to mean a room who have the necessary heating, sanitary, Contains electrical and kitchen installations as well as ventilation systems, with all units already installed far away from the construction site and ready for operation be made.
- This room cell is only set up on the construction site and with the electrical connections arranged in the floor as well as fresh water supply and Sewage drain connected.
- the object of the invention is a method for creating an inexpensive to show multi-storey residential building and a cost-effective, to create multi-storey residential building, the housing infrastructure of the latest developments can be easily adapted.
- the task is with regard to the method by claim 1 and Residential house solved by claim 8.
- a design that fits aesthetically into the landscape can be found at the home selected and, on the other hand, existing building material can be used on the spot.
- the housing infrastructure containing, manufactured separately from the housing parts Space cells can be inexpensive on the one hand and high quality on the other Sufficient demands in a factory hall in which all technical conditions, such as measuring instruments, assembly tools, etc. are available until be assembled for functionality.
- the two-storey house 1 shown in FIGS. 1 to 5 has two living room parts 3 and 4 lying one above the other and two inherently stiff room part cells 5 and 6 arranged one above the other. These two room sub-cells 5 and 6 are subdivided again.
- the partial cell 5 "docked" on the ground floor, shown in plan in FIG. 4 has a kitchen area 10 with the necessary facilities, which is separate from the toilet area 9 .
- the toilet and kitchen areas 9 and 10 are separated from each other by a light wall 11 .
- the toilet area has, as shown in the plan of the ground floor in Figure 4 , a shower corner 13 , a toilet bowl 15b with a cistern 15b and a sink 17a with a toilet cabinet 17b .
- the kitchen area 10 has a sink 19 , a dishwasher 20, a refrigerator 21 , above which a (not shown) microwave oven is arranged, and a stove 23 with an oven, above which a (not shown) steam extractor is installed.
- WC 9 and kitchen 10 are each connected to the living room part 3 by an opening 26a and 26b, which can remain open in the kitchen 10 or can be closed by a door, or can be closed by a swing door 28 in the WC 9 .
- the living room part 3 is connected to the living room part 4 via a staircase 25 .
- the living room parts 3 and 4 have no partitions; these are set up only after the room cell consisting of the room sub-cells 5 and 6 has been attached.
- only the floor subdivisions - ceiling 27a and floor 27b - are available, as well as the support parts 29 , the foundation 31 , the roof 33 and the water, sewage and electrical connections (not shown) that are only necessary for the statics of the house construction below the docking or docking points Room cell outside of living room parts 3 and 4 .
- the house and the room cell foundation are created together secured against horizontal and vertical moving against each other.
- a heating system 39 and a washing machine 40 In the heating and washroom area 35a there is a heating system 39 and a washing machine 40.
- the bathroom 35b there are two wash basins 41a and 41b , a toilet 43a with a cistern 43b, a bath tub 44 and various built-in cupboards 45a and 45b .
- the bathroom 35b is connected to the living room part 4 via an opening 46b which can be closed with a pivoting door 46a, and the heating and washing room 35a is connected to the bathroom 35b via an opening 47b which can be closed with a further pivoting door 47a .
- the room sub-cells 5 and 6 have identical base areas, so that they can be placed one above the other in the assembly described below. However, as shown in FIGS. 1, 4 and 5 , they can be designed differently both internally and externally. Thus, the space part cell 6 with respect to the space portion 5, two round outer cell windows 49a and 49b, while the space part cell 6 has three external windows 50a to 50c. However, as can be seen in FIG. 1 , the outer facade of the room sub-cells 5 and 6 is divided into facade sub-units 51a to 51f and 52a to 52f , the facade sub-units 51b, 51e, 52b, 52d and 52e the external windows 49a, 49b, 50a, 50b and 50c exhibit.
- the facade sub-units 51a, 51c, 51d and 51f are designed analogously to the facade sub-units 52a, 52c and 52f and the facade sub-units 51b and 51e to the facade sub-units 52b, 52d and 52e up to the height.
- a different height of the room sub-cells 5 and 6 was chosen in order to achieve the lowest possible height of the apartment building 1 . If this requirement does not exist, the heights are of course chosen to be the same in order to enable cost-effective production of the room sub-cells.
- the uniformity of these subunits results in a reduction in manufacturing costs.
- An access shaft 53a with a central distribution box is accommodated between the kitchen 10 and the toilet area 9 . From here, the distribution to the points of use of electricity, heating, telephone, telecommunications, television receiver, radio, computer, etc. is carried out.
- This access shaft 53a is continued in a further access shaft 53b in the room sub-cell 6 between the heating and washroom area 35a and the bathroom 35b .
- the kitchen area 10 is vented , in particular the extractor hood, via the roof on the room part area 6 .
- the assembly of the lines and pipes is also carried out here in the factory.
- two vertical pipes 55a and 55b visible in FIGS. 1, 4 and 5 are arranged as downpipe ventilation for the waste water and for the heating exhaust gases.
- a storage room or storage space 56a and 56b in which material such as suitcases, boxes, skis, summer sports articles, etc. that are not required daily can be stored.
- These rooms 56a and 56b are particularly advantageous if the residential building 1, as shown in FIG. 3 , has been built without a basement for reasons of cost savings or as a result of terrain.
- the partitioning of the converted volume on the ground and upper floors 3 and 4 is carried out after docking the room sub-cells 5 and 6 according to the wishes of the living space user by means of partitions, not shown. After the division of space, starting from the room sub-cells 5 and 6, the lines, not shown, for the electric current to the individual living rooms and the lines, not shown, for the heating elements are laid.
- the room sub-cells 5 and 6 do not have to be arranged such that the kitchen area 10 and the toilet 9 are on the ground floor 3, and the heating and washing room 35a and the bathroom 35b are on the upper floor 4 .
- This arrangement has some advantages.
- the kitchen 10 should preferably be arranged on the ground floor 3 , so that goods to be processed in the kitchen 10 do not have to be dragged up the stairs 25 .
- the heating and washing room 35a are preferably combined so that the waste heat released by the heating system 39 can be used to dry laundry.
- bedrooms are preferably arranged on the upper floors.
- the main part of the laundry also occurs on the upper floor 4 , which can then preferably be washed in the wash room 35a located on the same floor.
- Bathroom 35b is preferably arranged on the same floor as the bedroom.
- the building of the residential house 1 according to the invention is carried out at the residential building location in a manner customary for the area. That is, it can be a wooden, brick, field stone, half-timbered house, etc. However, only the outer shell of house 1 with foundation 31, roof 33 and the necessary supply connections, such as. B. sewage, drinking water, electricity, oil or gas, telephone, etc. and the stairs 25 between floors 3 and 4 .
- the room cells prefabricated, fully equipped with devices and installed with connecting cables become two stackable room part cells 5 and 6 with a flat bed trailer delivered.
- the room subcell 5 is then placed on prepared foundations 31 on the outside 57 of the living room parts 3 and 4 in such a way that it bears against the outer wall 57 thereof.
- the external supply connections are connected to the existing ones in the room subcell 5 .
- the room subcell 6 is placed on the room subcell 5 with a construction crane and the supply lines are also connected here.
- the living room parts 3 and 4 as well as the room part cells 5 and 6 can now be clad with a uniform plaster, with a wooden panel, etc.
- the division of the living space parts 3 and 4 is made by partition walls only after docking the room part cells 5 and 6 .
- the heating system 39 in the heating and washroom area 35a can now, as described above, be connected to an external, possibly central oil or gas tank via lines for the energy supply.
- a tank with the necessary safety devices can also be arranged directly in the heating and washroom area 35a . Since an empty tank has only a relatively low weight, the factory weight of the tank increases the transport weight of the space cell 6 only insignificantly.
- the room sub-cell 5 or 6 is constructed modularly in such a way that it can be assembled from various assemblies, which in turn are prefabricated separately, in an inexpensive manner. These prefabricated and already pre-tested assemblies are then assembled in final assembly to room cells 5 and 6 .
- Each module has a defined interface. Due to the interface specification, the modules can now at any time in manufacturing as well as in constructive view can be changed and optimized without that a revision of the entire room cell 5 or 6 take place ought to. Since the assemblies are for themselves manageable, relatively simple systems is one Rationalization easy to achieve.
- the room cells 5 and 6 also have a floor base 61 , as shown in FIGS. 6 and 7 using the example of the toilet 43a and 43b .
- the depth of the base 61 is, except for an "aesthetic" tolerance, less than the depth of the built-in furniture of about 30 cm (European standard size for built-in furniture).
- the height is chosen so large that the lines required for the devices, here the fresh water supply line 62a and the waste water line 62b, can be laid and is also approximately 30 cm. By choosing these dimensions, a continuous front can be formed between the devices and the built-in furniture, which is aesthetically pleasing and can also be easily cleaned.
- the bottom of base 61 has a base frame 63 which in the areas in which devices are arranged as in Figure 6 and 7, for example the toilet 43, an attachment frame 65 has.
- the prefabricated base or top frame 63 or 65 are placed for assembly in the room cell 5 or 6 and then attached to the floor 67 and the walls 69a and 69b , usually screwed or welded.
- the devices, here the toilet bowl 43a are then hung on the top frame 65 .
- Base and top frame 63 and 65 thus also take on a supporting function.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Epidemiology (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Residential Or Office Buildings (AREA)
- Buildings Adapted To Withstand Abnormal External Influences (AREA)
- Sink And Installation For Waste Water (AREA)
Description
- Fig. 1
- eine Rückansicht eines erfindungsgemäßen Wohnhauses,
- Fig. 2
- eine Seitenansicht des in Figur 1 dargestellten Wohnhauses
- Fig. 3
- einen Längsschnitt durch das Wohnhaus entlang der Linien III - III in den Figuren 4 und 5,
- Fig. 4
- einen Grundriß des Erdgeschosses,
- Fig. 5
- einen Grundriß des Obergeschosses des in Figur 1 dargestellten Wohnhauses,
- Fig. 6
- eine perspektivische Darstellung einer aufgeschnittenen, ein WC aufweisenden Raumzelle des Wohnhauses und
- Fig. 7
- den in Figur 6 dargestellten Gegenstand, jedoch ohne Abdeckungen.
Claims (13)
- Verfahren zur Erstellung eines mehrgeschossigen Wohnhauses (1) mit wenigstens einer Wohnung mit einem am Wohnhausort erstellten Wohnraumteil (3, 4) und einer an diesen anzuordnenden Raumzelle (5, 6), dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß außerhalb der Wohnraumteile (3, 4), benachbart zu einer der Außenseiten (57) der Wohnraumteile die für das Haus (1) notwendigen Energiezufluß-, Wasserzufluß- und Abwasserabflußanschlüsse sowie die nachrichtentechnischen Anschlüsse angeordnet werden, die mit den Anschlüssen zu verbindenden wenigstens zwei Raumzellen (5, 6) mit sämtlichen für die gesamte Wohninfrastruktur notwendigen Einheiten (13, 15a, 15b, 17a, 17b, 19, 20, 21, 23, 39, 40, 41a, 41b, 43a, 43b, 44), wie insbesondere mit allen notwendigen Küchen-, Sanitär-, Elektro- und Heizungsinstallationen und -geräten sowie allen notwendigen nachrichten- und lüftungstechnischen Installationen und Geräten, bestückt angeliefert und nach Erstellung der Wohnraumteile (3, 4) außen an deren Außenseite (57) übereinander austauschbar angeordnet sowie an die Anschlüsse angeschlossen werden.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das tragende Fundament (31) für die Raumzellen (5, 6) mit demjenigen für das Wohnhaus (1) zusammen, gegen horizontales und vertikales Gegeneinanderverschieben gesichert, erstellt wird.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß Leitungen, insbesondere für elektrische, nachrichtentechnische Geräte sowie Heizungselemente für jeden Wohnraumteil (3, 4) an einer Montageschnittstelle im Randbereich jeder Raumzelle (5, 6) angeschlossen werden.
- Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Raumzellen (5, 6) an der Außenwand (57) der Wohnraumteile (3, 4) lediglich anliegend angedockt werden.
- Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Wohnraumteile (3, 4) zwischenwändefrei, nur mit Stockwerksunterteilungen (27a, 27b) sowie nur für die Statik der Hauskonstruktion notwendigen Stützteilen (29) am Wohnhausort erstellt und die einzelnen Zimmer jedes Wohnraumteils (3, 4) erst nach Anordnung der Raumzellen (5, 6) entsprechend den Wünschen des zukünftigen Bewohners durch Aufstellen von Zwischenwänden aufgeteilt werden.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Zimmer entsprechend den Wünschen des zukünftigen Bewohners mit Anschlüssen für den elektrischen Strom bestückt und lediglich mit den Raumzellen (5, 6) verbunden werden.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Zimmer mit Heizungselementen belegt und diese lediglich mit den Raumzellen (5, 6) verbunden werden.
- Mehrgeschossiges Wohnhaus (1), erstellt nach dem Verfahren gemäß einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7 mit wenigstens einem am Wohnhausort erstellten Wohnraumteil (3, 4) und einer an diesem angeordneten vorgefertigten Raumzelle (5, 6), dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß wenigstens zwei Raumzellen (5, 6) die gesamte Wohninfrastruktur, bestehend insbesondere aus allen notwendigen Küchen-, Heizungs-, Sanitär-, Elektroinstallationen und -geräten sowie aus allen notwendigen nachrichten- und lüftungstechnischen Installationen und Geräten, enthalten und übereinander an der Außenseite (57) des Wohnraumteils bzw. der Wohnraumteile (3, 4), bevorzugt auf einem, mit dem das Wohnhausfundament verbundenen, gegen horizontales und vertikales Gegeneinanderverschieben gesichertes Raumzellenfundament austauschbar angeordnet sind, in dem in bevorzugter Weise die für die Wohnhausversorgung notwendigen Energiezufluß-, Wasserzufluß- und Abwasserabflußanschlüsse sowie nachrichtentechnischen Anschlüsse angeordnet sind.
- Wohnhaus nach Anspruch 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Raumzellen (5, 6) an der Außenwand (57) der Wohnraumteile (3, 4) lediglich anliegend angedockt sind.
- Wohnhaus (1) nach Anspruch 8 oder 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Wohnraumteil bzw. die Wohnraumteile (3, 4) zwischenwändefrei, nur mit Stockwerksunterteilungen (27a, 27b) ausgebildet sowie nur mit für die Statik der Hauskonstruktion notwendigen Stützteilen (29) versehen ist bzw. sind, und in jeden Wohnraumteil (3, 4) Zwischenwände zur Zimmeraufteilung beliebig einsetzbar sind.
- Wohnhaus (1) nach einem der Ansprüche 8 bis 10, gekennzeichnet durch eine Montageschnittstelle im Randbereich jeder Raumzelle (5, 6), an der für jeden Wohnraumteil (3, 4) die Leitungen, insbesondere für elektrische, nachrichtentechnische Geräte sowie Heizungselemente, lösbar angeschlossen sind.
- Wohnhaus (1) nach einem der Ansprüche 8 bis 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß jeweils nur die unterste Raumzelle (5) an sämtlichen externen Versorgungsleitungen angeschlossen ist.
- Wohnhaus nach einem der Ansprüche 8 bis 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß Zwischenwände individuell veränderbar im Wohnraumteil bzw. in den Wohnraumteilen (3, 4) aufstellbar sind.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE9316197U | 1993-10-22 | ||
DE9316197U DE9316197U1 (de) | 1993-10-22 | 1993-10-22 | Wohnhaus |
PCT/IB1994/000324 WO1995011356A1 (de) | 1993-10-22 | 1994-10-20 | Wohnhaus sowie raumzelle zur bevorzugten verwendung bei der erstellung des wohnhauses |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0724677A1 EP0724677A1 (de) | 1996-08-07 |
EP0724677B1 true EP0724677B1 (de) | 1998-12-09 |
Family
ID=6899792
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP94928509A Expired - Lifetime EP0724677B1 (de) | 1993-10-22 | 1994-10-20 | Mehrgeschossiges Wohnhaus und Verfahren zu dessen Erstellung |
Country Status (10)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0724677B1 (de) |
CN (1) | CN1136834A (de) |
AU (1) | AU7791894A (de) |
CZ (1) | CZ108796A3 (de) |
DE (2) | DE9316197U1 (de) |
ES (1) | ES2127415T3 (de) |
HU (1) | HU217249B (de) |
PL (1) | PL175986B1 (de) |
RU (1) | RU2121032C1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO1995011356A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE4425324A1 (de) * | 1994-07-18 | 1996-02-01 | Remus Dipl Ing Jordan | Einfamilienhaus in modularer Bauweise |
DE19602869A1 (de) * | 1996-01-27 | 1997-08-07 | Siegfried Von Dipl Hopffgarten | Baugruppe für ein Gebäude |
DE19644299A1 (de) * | 1996-10-24 | 1998-04-30 | D D C Planungs Entwicklungs Un | Energiezentrum, auch autark, mit verschiedenen Energieerzeugungs-, -umwandlungs -sammel-, -träger- und -speicherarten in einer Baueinheit |
DE102009023149B3 (de) * | 2009-05-28 | 2010-12-30 | Lisbeth Fischbacher | Außenwandsystem |
GB2570480B (en) * | 2018-01-26 | 2022-08-03 | Gilham Christian | Prefabricated structure, building and method |
GB2606762B (en) * | 2021-05-20 | 2024-08-21 | Sano Development Ltd | Modular building, kit and method |
US12180731B2 (en) | 2021-05-20 | 2024-12-31 | Sano Development Limited | Hybrid building system, building and method |
Family Cites Families (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2286923A1 (fr) * | 1974-10-03 | 1976-04-30 | Camusot Gerard | Cellule technique prefabriquee pour habitation |
FR2478170A1 (fr) * | 1980-03-13 | 1981-09-18 | Hamel Jacques | Procedes de construction de maisons equipees de capteurs solaires |
DD203590A1 (de) * | 1981-10-28 | 1983-10-26 | Bauakademie Ddr | Ergaenzungsbauwerk |
GB9002731D0 (en) * | 1990-02-07 | 1990-04-04 | Ergonomic Design Partnership T | Modular buildings |
-
1993
- 1993-10-22 DE DE9316197U patent/DE9316197U1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1994
- 1994-10-20 WO PCT/IB1994/000324 patent/WO1995011356A1/de not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1994-10-20 CN CN94194380A patent/CN1136834A/zh active Pending
- 1994-10-20 EP EP94928509A patent/EP0724677B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-10-20 ES ES94928509T patent/ES2127415T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-10-20 AU AU77918/94A patent/AU7791894A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1994-10-20 PL PL94313976A patent/PL175986B1/pl not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1994-10-20 CZ CZ961087A patent/CZ108796A3/cs unknown
- 1994-10-20 HU HU9601020A patent/HU217249B/hu not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1994-10-20 RU RU96110189A patent/RU2121032C1/ru active
- 1994-10-20 DE DE59407462T patent/DE59407462D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
PL175986B1 (pl) | 1999-03-31 |
CN1136834A (zh) | 1996-11-27 |
ES2127415T3 (es) | 1999-04-16 |
PL313976A1 (en) | 1996-08-05 |
HUT76591A (en) | 1997-09-29 |
AU7791894A (en) | 1995-05-08 |
DE9316197U1 (de) | 1994-02-24 |
DE59407462D1 (de) | 1999-01-21 |
HU217249B (hu) | 1999-12-28 |
CZ108796A3 (en) | 1996-10-16 |
RU2121032C1 (ru) | 1998-10-27 |
HU9601020D0 (en) | 1996-06-28 |
EP0724677A1 (de) | 1996-08-07 |
WO1995011356A1 (de) | 1995-04-27 |
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