EP0714088B1 - Détection d'activité vocale - Google Patents
Détection d'activité vocale Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0714088B1 EP0714088B1 EP95402589A EP95402589A EP0714088B1 EP 0714088 B1 EP0714088 B1 EP 0714088B1 EP 95402589 A EP95402589 A EP 95402589A EP 95402589 A EP95402589 A EP 95402589A EP 0714088 B1 EP0714088 B1 EP 0714088B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- vector
- autocorrelation
- voice activity
- value
- norm
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 title claims description 36
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 title claims description 21
- 239000013598 vector Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- 230000005236 sound signal Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 230000004069 differentiation Effects 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000009499 grossing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001755 vocal effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10L—SPEECH ANALYSIS TECHNIQUES OR SPEECH SYNTHESIS; SPEECH RECOGNITION; SPEECH OR VOICE PROCESSING TECHNIQUES; SPEECH OR AUDIO CODING OR DECODING
- G10L25/00—Speech or voice analysis techniques not restricted to a single one of groups G10L15/00 - G10L21/00
- G10L25/93—Discriminating between voiced and unvoiced parts of speech signals
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- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10L—SPEECH ANALYSIS TECHNIQUES OR SPEECH SYNTHESIS; SPEECH RECOGNITION; SPEECH OR VOICE PROCESSING TECHNIQUES; SPEECH OR AUDIO CODING OR DECODING
- G10L25/00—Speech or voice analysis techniques not restricted to a single one of groups G10L15/00 - G10L21/00
- G10L25/78—Detection of presence or absence of voice signals
Definitions
- the field of the invention is that of detection voice activity in an audio signal.
- voice activity detection often goes condition certain processing that the audio signal is likely to suffer.
- speech recognition e.g., speech recognition, echo cancellation or the recording function.
- a first solution consists in monitoring the evolution of signal energy. If it increases rapidly, it may correspond to the appearance of vocal activity but it can also correspond to a variation in noise ambient. It follows that this method, although very simple to be implemented does not appear to be very reliable in relatively noisy environments as is the case with example in a motor vehicle.
- Patent application EP 0 335 521 describes a voice activity detection device which uses coefficients autocorrelation of a signal, weighted and combined, to obtain a quantity which depends on the energy in the part of the spectrum which does not contain noise, this quantity being compared with a variable threshold to give a voice activity indication.
- the present invention therefore provides a solution for detect voice activity that provides reliability acceptable for reduced complexity.
- the device comprises means for reduction to establish a reduced standard by dividing the norm of the vector of differentiation by a value of reduction, this reduced standard representing a second voice activity indicator.
- the reduction value is equal to the signal energy or it is equal to the sum of signal energy and a compression constant.
- this comprises means for smoothing one of these voice activity indicators to produce a linear combination of the present value of this indicator and from its previous value, this linear combination representing a third voice activity indicator.
- the device comprises means for decision to produce a voice activity signal if one of these indicators exceeds a detection threshold.
- an advantageous solution consists in choosing the sum of the absolute values of the components of the vector of differentiation as standard of this vector.
- the signal to be analyzed is analog in nature, if it comes from a microphone for example, it is first subjected to an analog-to-digital converter which runs at the rate of this sampling frequency to produce the audio signal.
- the audio signal being digital, it appears natural to implement the voice activity detection device at by means of a digital signal processor.
- This processor can of course be used for other purposes.
- this detection device does not will not be described in its structure because it implements elementary operations well known to those skilled in the art such as additions, multiplications, comparisons. It is therefore a functional description which was retained, because it seems far better to explain the implementation work of the invention with the greatest clarity.
- the device receives so the audio signal and we consider a series of samples S (i) where i varies from 0 to N.
- the first operation performed by the device is the calculation of the autocorrelation coefficients R (k) of the signal for all the values of k between O and N:
- the detection device calculates a standard ⁇ R ⁇ of the differentiation vector ⁇ R.
- this standard is equal to the sum of the absolute values of the components of the vector:
- This standard whatever it is, constitutes a first voice activity indicator.
- a first option is to compare this indicator at a threshold to establish that there is presence of voice activity in the audio signal if the indicator is above the threshold.
- the detection device calculates a reduced norm P by dividing the norm ⁇ R ⁇ of vector of differentiation by a reduction value.
- this reduction value can be chosen equal to the energy R (0) of the audio signal, which will tend to compress the dynamics of the ⁇ R ⁇ standard.
- Another solution which provides its own advantages consists in allocating to this reduction value the sum of the energy R (0) of the audio signal and a constant called value floor C.
- This reduced standard P in any event constitutes a second voice activity indicator that we can also compare to a threshold to establish the absence or the presence of voice activity in this signal.
- the detection device smoothes this reduced standard.
- a reduced standard P i corresponds to the i th series.
- This smoothed value P i constitutes a third voice activity indicator which can also be compared to a threshold to establish whether or not the audio signal has voice activity.
- the detection device therefore compares it to a threshold of detection T.
- the simplest solution is to assign a constant value at this detection threshold.
- an advantageous solution consists in adapting this threshold at the reduced standard P when the signal audio has no voice activity.
- the invention naturally relates to the detection method of voice activity which is implemented by this device.
- GSM system pan-European radiocommunication system digital cell phone
- the analog signal to be processed is sampled at frequency 8 kHz.
- the samples thus obtained are grouped in series of 160 which therefore each correspond to 20 ms.
- N the number of samples, is 160 and we will advantageously choose to set the value of offset q equal to unity.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Multimedia (AREA)
- Signal Processing (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Audiology, Speech & Language Pathology (AREA)
- Human Computer Interaction (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
- Computational Linguistics (AREA)
- Complex Calculations (AREA)
- Measuring Pulse, Heart Rate, Blood Pressure Or Blood Flow (AREA)
- Measurement Of Mechanical Vibrations Or Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
- Geophysics And Detection Of Objects (AREA)
- Measurement Of The Respiration, Hearing Ability, Form, And Blood Characteristics Of Living Organisms (AREA)
- Cosmetics (AREA)
- Electrophonic Musical Instruments (AREA)
- Compression, Expansion, Code Conversion, And Decoders (AREA)
- Time-Division Multiplex Systems (AREA)
Description
- des moyens pour calculer les coefficients d'autocorrélation de ce signal,
- des moyens pour identifier un premier vecteur d'autocorrélation ayant pour composantes une première série de coefficients d'autocorrélation,
- des moyens pour identifier un second vecteur d'autocorrélation ayant pour composantes une deuxième série de coefficients d'autocorrélation décalée par rapport à la première série d'une valeur de décalage prédéterminée,
- des moyens pour soustraire le premier vecteur d'autocorrélation du second vecteur d'autocorrélation afin d'obtenir un vecteur de différentiation,
- des moyens pour calculer une norme de ce vecteur de différentiation, cette norme représentant un premier indicateur d'activité vocale.
- calcul des coefficients d'autocorrélation de ce signal,
- identification d'un premier vecteur d'autocorrélation ayant pour composantes une première série de coefficients d'autocorrélation,
- identification d'un second vecteur d'autocorrélation ayant pour composantes une deuxième série de coefficients d'autocorrélation décalée par rapport à la première série d'une valeur de décalage prédéterminée,
- soustraction du premier vecteur d'autocorrélation du second vecteur d'autocorrélation afin d'obtenir un vecteur de différentiation,
- calcul d'une norme du vecteur de différentiation, cette norme représentant un premier indicateur d'activité vocale.
Claims (9)
- Dispositif de détection d'activité vocale dans un signal audio comprenant :des moyens pour calculer les coefficients d'autocorrélation (R(k)) de ce signal,des moyens pour identifier un premier vecteur d'autocorrélation (R0) ayant pour composantes une première série (k=0,...,N-q) de coefficients d'autocorrélation (R(k)),des moyens pour identifier un second vecteur d'autocorrélation (Rq) ayant pour composantes une deuxième série (k=q,...,N) de coefficients d'autocorrélation (R(k)) décalée par rapport à ladite première série d'une valeur de décalage (q) prédéterminée,des moyens pour soustraire ledit premier vecteur d'autocorrélation (R0) dudit second vecteur d'autocorrélation (Rq) afin d'obtenir un vecteur de différentiation (ΔR),des moyens pour calculer une norme (∥ΔR∥) dudit vecteur de différentiation, cette norme représentant un premier indicateur d'activité vocale.
- Dispositif selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend de plus des moyens de réduction pour établir une norme réduite en divisant ladite norme (∥ΔR∥) du vecteur de différentiation par une valeur de réduction, cette norme réduite représentant un deuxième indicateur d'activité vocale.
- Dispositif selon la revendication 2 caractérisé en ce que ladite valeur de réduction est égale à l'énergie du signal audio.
- Dispositif selon la revendication 2 caractérisé en ce que ladite valeur de réduction est égale à la somme de l'énergie du signal audio et d'une valeur plancher (C).
- Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend des moyens de lissage de l'un desdits indicateurs d'activité vocale pour produire une combinaison linéaire de la valeur présente de cet indicateur et de sa valeur antérieure, ladite combinaison linéaire représentant un troisième indicateur d'activité vocale.
- Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend des moyens de décision pour produire un signal d'activité vocale si l'un desdits indicateurs excède un seuil de détection.
- Dispositif selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que ledit seuil de détection est établi à partir de la valeur de la norme réduite dudit signal audio en l'absence dudit signal d'activité vocale.
- Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisé en ce que ladite norme (∥ΔR∥) du vecteur de différentiation est égale à la somme des valeurs absolues des composantes de ce vecteur.
- Méthode de détection d'activité vocale dans un signal audio comprenant les opérations suivantes :calcul des coefficients d'autocorrélation (R(k)) de ce signal,identification d'un premier vecteur d'autocorrélation (R0) ayant pour composantes une première série (k=0,...,N-q) de coefficients d'autocorrélation (R(k)),identification d'un second vecteur d'autocorrélation (Rq) ayant pour composantes une deuxième série (k=q,...,N) de coefficients d'autocorrélation (R(k)) décalée par rapport à ladite première série d'une valeur de décalage (q) prédéterminée,soustraction dudit premier vecteur d'autocorrélation (R0) dudit second vecteur d'autocorrélation (Rq) afin d'obtenir un vecteur de différentiation (ΔR),calcul d'une norme (∥ΔR∥) dudit vecteur de différentiation, cette norme représentant un premier indicateur d'activité vocale.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR9413962A FR2727236B1 (fr) | 1994-11-22 | 1994-11-22 | Detection d'activite vocale |
FR9413962 | 1994-11-22 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0714088A1 EP0714088A1 (fr) | 1996-05-29 |
EP0714088B1 true EP0714088B1 (fr) | 1999-08-18 |
Family
ID=9469024
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP95402589A Expired - Lifetime EP0714088B1 (fr) | 1994-11-22 | 1995-11-17 | Détection d'activité vocale |
Country Status (10)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US5732141A (fr) |
EP (1) | EP0714088B1 (fr) |
JP (1) | JPH08221097A (fr) |
AT (1) | ATE183598T1 (fr) |
AU (1) | AU698712B2 (fr) |
CA (1) | CA2163295A1 (fr) |
DE (1) | DE69511508T2 (fr) |
ES (1) | ES2136815T3 (fr) |
FI (1) | FI955584A (fr) |
FR (1) | FR2727236B1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE19716862A1 (de) | 1997-04-22 | 1998-10-29 | Deutsche Telekom Ag | Sprachaktivitätserkennung |
US6556967B1 (en) | 1999-03-12 | 2003-04-29 | The United States Of America As Represented By The National Security Agency | Voice activity detector |
US6381568B1 (en) | 1999-05-05 | 2002-04-30 | The United States Of America As Represented By The National Security Agency | Method of transmitting speech using discontinuous transmission and comfort noise |
EP1304682A1 (fr) * | 2000-07-05 | 2003-04-23 | Alcatel | Système distribué de reconnaissance de la parole |
EP1170728A1 (fr) * | 2000-07-05 | 2002-01-09 | Alcatel | Dispositif de réduction adaptive du bruit dans des signaux de parole |
EP1175058A1 (fr) * | 2000-07-21 | 2002-01-23 | Alcatel | Système de processeurs, et terminal, et unité de réseau, et méthode |
US7305099B2 (en) * | 2003-08-12 | 2007-12-04 | Sony Ericsson Mobile Communications Ab | Electronic devices, methods, and computer program products for detecting noise in a signal based on autocorrelation coefficient gradients |
EP1729410A1 (fr) * | 2005-06-02 | 2006-12-06 | Sony Ericsson Mobile Communications AB | Dispositif et méthode de commande automatique de gain d'un signal audio |
CN101983402B (zh) * | 2008-09-16 | 2012-06-27 | 松下电器产业株式会社 | 声音分析装置、方法、系统、合成装置、及校正规则信息生成装置、方法 |
US9002030B2 (en) | 2012-05-01 | 2015-04-07 | Audyssey Laboratories, Inc. | System and method for performing voice activity detection |
Family Cites Families (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3919479A (en) * | 1972-09-21 | 1975-11-11 | First National Bank Of Boston | Broadcast signal identification system |
JPS597120B2 (ja) * | 1978-11-24 | 1984-02-16 | 日本電気株式会社 | 音声分析装置 |
JPS5672499A (en) * | 1979-11-19 | 1981-06-16 | Hitachi Ltd | Pretreatment for voice identifier |
GB2139052A (en) * | 1983-04-20 | 1984-10-31 | Philips Electronic Associated | Apparatus for distinguishing between speech and certain other signals |
US4720802A (en) * | 1983-07-26 | 1988-01-19 | Lear Siegler | Noise compensation arrangement |
JPS62204652A (ja) * | 1986-03-04 | 1987-09-09 | Nec Corp | 可聴周波信号識別方式 |
US4815137A (en) * | 1986-11-06 | 1989-03-21 | American Telephone And Telegraph Company | Voiceband signal classification |
FR2623382B1 (fr) * | 1987-11-24 | 1991-05-03 | Peugeot Cycles | Dispositif de fixation d'un revetement notamment un revetement de siege |
PT89978B (pt) * | 1988-03-11 | 1995-03-01 | British Telecomm | Aparelho detector da actividade vocal e aparelho telefonico movel que o contem |
US5276765A (en) * | 1988-03-11 | 1994-01-04 | British Telecommunications Public Limited Company | Voice activity detection |
US5410632A (en) * | 1991-12-23 | 1995-04-25 | Motorola, Inc. | Variable hangover time in a voice activity detector |
-
1994
- 1994-11-22 FR FR9413962A patent/FR2727236B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1995
- 1995-11-17 EP EP95402589A patent/EP0714088B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-11-17 ES ES95402589T patent/ES2136815T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-11-17 AT AT95402589T patent/ATE183598T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1995-11-17 DE DE69511508T patent/DE69511508T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1995-11-20 AU AU37937/95A patent/AU698712B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1995-11-20 US US08/560,645 patent/US5732141A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1995-11-20 FI FI955584A patent/FI955584A/fi unknown
- 1995-11-20 CA CA002163295A patent/CA2163295A1/fr not_active Abandoned
- 1995-11-22 JP JP7304462A patent/JPH08221097A/ja active Pending
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
AU3793795A (en) | 1996-05-30 |
US5732141A (en) | 1998-03-24 |
FR2727236B1 (fr) | 1996-12-27 |
DE69511508D1 (de) | 1999-09-23 |
FR2727236A1 (fr) | 1996-05-24 |
JPH08221097A (ja) | 1996-08-30 |
CA2163295A1 (fr) | 1996-05-23 |
ATE183598T1 (de) | 1999-09-15 |
AU698712B2 (en) | 1998-11-05 |
FI955584A (fi) | 1996-05-23 |
EP0714088A1 (fr) | 1996-05-29 |
FI955584A0 (fi) | 1995-11-20 |
DE69511508T2 (de) | 2000-07-06 |
ES2136815T3 (es) | 1999-12-01 |
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