[go: up one dir, main page]

EP0701026B1 - Compacting method and apparatus - Google Patents

Compacting method and apparatus Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP0701026B1
EP0701026B1 EP95401988A EP95401988A EP0701026B1 EP 0701026 B1 EP0701026 B1 EP 0701026B1 EP 95401988 A EP95401988 A EP 95401988A EP 95401988 A EP95401988 A EP 95401988A EP 0701026 B1 EP0701026 B1 EP 0701026B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
compacting
helical element
helical
rotation
axle
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP95401988A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0701026A1 (en
Inventor
Jacques Augarde
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP0701026A1 publication Critical patent/EP0701026A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0701026B1 publication Critical patent/EP0701026B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D3/00—Improving or preserving soil or rock, e.g. preserving permafrost soil
    • E02D3/02—Improving by compacting
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D3/00—Improving or preserving soil or rock, e.g. preserving permafrost soil
    • E02D3/12—Consolidating by placing solidifying or pore-filling substances in the soil
    • E02D3/123—Consolidating by placing solidifying or pore-filling substances in the soil and compacting the soil

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the compaction of various materials, coherent or pulverulent, in particular those used for backfilling trenches and more generally cavities containing or not buried networks (air, gas, electricity, telephone, water, sanitation). Partners involved in this area currently and unanimously recognize that the new or recent networks are too weak over time, this defect being essentially due to insufficient rates of compaction.
  • the new European regulations provide for strict controls (compaction and (or) sealing) for the reception of networks: it is therefore imperative that companies can build good quality networks.
  • compacting machines are used which work on the surface of embankments, such as rammers, vibrating plates and rollers.
  • the object of the invention is to guarantee optimal compaction and of the same intensity on the entire depth of the embankment, both for powdery (granular) soils that coherent, or of intermediate type, by simple mechanical action and without addition of consolidation products, while allowing rapid backfilling by a single layer, the trench being completely filled with non-densified material over its entire width and thickness before starting the compaction phase.
  • the element helical is a flat propeller with a single turn developed over substantially 360 °, flattened, and the underside of which is smooth, the upper face being equipped with a device (described later in detail) allowing the collapse of the vaults which may form during compaction of cohesive soils, especially clay soils.
  • This propeller is fixed at the base of an axis that can rotate in both directions and it is subject to the combined action of three mechanical actions: vibrations at vertical component, threshing by a sheep, and weight of the set of mobile equipment.
  • the finger (10) causes the collapse of the vault (11) not yet compacted (loose hatching).
  • the debris thus formed (12) falls on the upper face of the propeller, pass through the propeller slot and are driven (13) by rotation under the propeller where they are compacted (14) by threshing and vibrating effect (dense hatching).
  • Scraping is particularly useful when the materials to be compacted are consistent, for example clay soils.
  • scraping devices can be envisaged. They can be automatically engaged when rotating in reverse of the propeller like the scraper finger described above or be controlled remotely for example by hydraulic transmission. In this case the operator chooses to activate or not scraping depending on the type of soil to be compacted.
  • Figure 3 depicts a device for compacting trenches of different widths.
  • the compacting device used here comprises a plurality of elementary compacting devices (compacting modules) identical to that illustrated in FIG. 1 and mounted on a common chassis.
  • modules compacting devices
  • other parts of the modules can be common to all the modules or to some only: drive motor, vibrating device, anvil, sheep for example. If necessary, the positions of the different modules can be adjusted in height and / or in width.
  • This device is shown diagrammatically by its chassis (1) and two pitch propellers (2) and (3) opposite to each other, rotating in opposite directions so as to neutralize the reaction effect on the soil to be compacted.
  • the chassis (1) and the two propellers (2 + 3) are oriented in the direction of the trench, in this case, which corresponds to a width weak: two successive stations, each comprising a descent phase and an ascent phase, are then spaced about 1 meter apart, if the diameter of each propeller is 35 cm and if their axes are 50 cm apart, so that ensure sufficient compaction, taking into account the edge effect caused by each propeller at a distance at least equal to a radius, beyond its periphery.
  • the compacting device is oriented at 45 ° (position (4)) relative to the axis of the trench. The distance between the two stations is then 75 cm.
  • the device is oriented perpendicular (position (5)) to the axis of the trench. The distance between two stations is then 50 cm.
  • the angle between the axis of the chassis and the axis of the trench is then a function increasing the width of the latter.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Paleontology (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Investigation Of Foundation Soil And Reinforcement Of Foundation Soil By Compacting Or Drainage (AREA)
  • Road Repair (AREA)
  • On-Site Construction Work That Accompanies The Preparation And Application Of Concrete (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
  • Placing Or Removing Of Piles Or Sheet Piles, Or Accessories Thereof (AREA)
  • Road Paving Machines (AREA)
  • Pretreatment Of Seeds And Plants (AREA)

Abstract

The compactor consists of a spiral plate (4) driven by a motor (7) in either of two directions, and a pile driver (12) to compact the material beneath the spiral plate. The compactor also has a vibrator which acts simultaneously with the pile driver, and a transmission member (6) to transmit the vibrations to the spiral plate. The latter has a ratio of under 20 per cent between its pitch and diameter and forms roughly one complete spiral with a scraper plate on its upper surface. The transmission member is in the form of a tube resting on the upper surface of the spiral, and the drive motor, tube, shaft (5) and spiral plate can be raised or lowered in a frame (1) by guides (3).

Description

L'invention concerne le compactage de divers matériaux, cohérents ou pulvérulents, en particulier ceux utilisés pour le remblayage des tranchées et plus généralement des cavités contenant ou non des réseaux enterrés (air, gaz,électricité, téléphone, eau, assainissement).Tous les partenaires impliqués dans ce domaine reconnaissent actuellement et unanimement une trop faible tenue dans le temps des réseaux neufs ou récents, ce défaut étant essentiellement dû à des taux insuffisants de compactage.
Les nouvelles réglementations Européennes prévoient des contrôles sévères (compactage et (ou) étanchéité) pour la réception des réseaux : il est donc impératif que les entreprises puissent réaliser des réseaux de bonne qualité.
Dans l'état actuel de la technique on utilise des engins de compactage travaillant à la surface des remblais, tels que pilonneuses, plaques vibrantes et rouleaux . Les contrôles officiels ont démontré que l'efficacité de ces appareils diminuait très rapidement avec l'épaisseur des couches: pour obtenir des densifications satisfaisantes, il faudrait réaliser des épaisseurs d'environ 20 cm, ce qui, dans les conditions du marché, est d'un coût rédhibitoire et oblige le personnel à travailler au fond des tranchées. Dans la pratique courante ces sujétions ne sont pas respectées, les taux de compactage sont trop faibles, les chantiers refusés doivent être refaits : extraction du remblai, relevage du réseau, d'où des surcoûts importants à la charge des Entreprises.The invention relates to the compaction of various materials, coherent or pulverulent, in particular those used for backfilling trenches and more generally cavities containing or not buried networks (air, gas, electricity, telephone, water, sanitation). Partners involved in this area currently and unanimously recognize that the new or recent networks are too weak over time, this defect being essentially due to insufficient rates of compaction.
The new European regulations provide for strict controls (compaction and (or) sealing) for the reception of networks: it is therefore imperative that companies can build good quality networks.
In the current state of the art, compacting machines are used which work on the surface of embankments, such as rammers, vibrating plates and rollers. Official controls have shown that the effectiveness of these devices decreases very rapidly with the thickness of the layers: to obtain satisfactory densifications, thicknesses of around 20 cm should be achieved, which, under market conditions, is d '' a prohibitive cost and forces the staff to work at the bottom of the trenches. In current practice, these constraints are not respected, the compaction rates are too low, the refused sites must be redone: extraction of backfill, lifting of the network, hence significant additional costs borne by the Companies.

Etat de la technique:State of the art:

On connait actuellement d'autres procédés de compactage qui sont mis en oeuvre non pas en surface du remblai mais à l'intérieur . La plupart de ces dispositifs utilisent des tarières, notamment celui décrit dans le document US-A-3282 055 : il s'agit d'une tarière susceptible de provoquer le compactage de sols granulaires (pulvérulents) grâce à des vibrations propagées dans le matériau à compacter.
Toutefois cet appareil présente plusieurs inconvénients: celui d'être inadapté aux sols cohérents, de laisser un trou lors de son retrait, de perforer le sol par la pointe située à sa base, de présenter une grande inertie aux vibrations par la masse importante de matériau emprisonné entre toutes les spires.
D'autres dispositifs, comme ceux décrits dans les documents EP-A-161 974, EP-A-96 671, WO/SE 9200526, mettent en oeuvre des appareils à ailettes, non vibrants, mais permettant de diffuser dans le remblai des produits de consolidation des sols, du type liants hydrauliques, homogénéisés dans le terrain par malaxage: l'inconvénient principal est le coût élevé de ces produits .Other compaction methods are currently known which are used not on the surface of the embankment but inside. Most of these devices use augers, in particular that described in document US-A-3282 055: it is an auger capable of causing the compaction of granular (powdery) soils thanks to vibrations propagated in the material to be compact.
However, this device has several disadvantages: that of being unsuitable for coherent soils, of leaving a hole when it is removed, of perforating the soil by the point situated at its base, of having a great inertia to vibrations by the large mass of material trapped between all the turns.
Other devices, such as those described in documents EP-A-161 974, EP-A-96 671, WO / SE 9200526, use finned devices, not vibrating, but making it possible to diffuse products into the fill. soil consolidation, hydraulic binders, homogenized in the ground by mixing: the main drawback is the high cost of these products.

Exposé du problème technique et de sa solution:Presentation of the technical problem and its solution:

L'invention a pour but de garantir un compactage optimal et de même intensité sur toute la profondeur du remblai, aussi bien pour les sols pulvérulents (granulaires) que cohérents , ou de type intermédiaire, par simple action mécanique et sans ajout de produits de consolidation, tout en permettant un remblayage rapide en une seule couche, la tranchée étant entièrement remplie en matériau non densifié sur toute sa largeur et son épaisseur avant de commencer la phase de compactage.The object of the invention is to guarantee optimal compaction and of the same intensity on the entire depth of the embankment, both for powdery (granular) soils that coherent, or of intermediate type, by simple mechanical action and without addition of consolidation products, while allowing rapid backfilling by a single layer, the trench being completely filled with non-densified material over its entire width and thickness before starting the compaction phase.

Ce problème est résolu par le dispositif suivant la revendication 1 et la mise en oeuvre du procédé suivant la revendication 8.This problem is solved by the device according to claim 1 and the implementation work of the method according to claim 8.

Conformément à un mode avantageux de réalisation de l'invention, l'élément hélicoïdal est une hélice plate à une seule spire développée sur sensiblement 360°, aplatie, et dont la face inférieure est lisse, la face supérieure étant équipée d'un dispositif (décrit plus loin en détail) permettant l'effondrement des voûtes qui peuvent se former lors du compactage des sols cohérents, argileux notamment . Cette hélice est fixée à la base d'un axe pouvant tourner dans les deux sens et elle est soumise à l'action combinée de trois actions mécaniques: vibrations à composante verticale, battage par un mouton, et poids de l'ensemble de l'équipement mobile.In accordance with an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the element helical is a flat propeller with a single turn developed over substantially 360 °, flattened, and the underside of which is smooth, the upper face being equipped with a device (described later in detail) allowing the collapse of the vaults which may form during compaction of cohesive soils, especially clay soils. This propeller is fixed at the base of an axis that can rotate in both directions and it is subject to the combined action of three mechanical actions: vibrations at vertical component, threshing by a sheep, and weight of the set of mobile equipment.

Un mode d'utilisation avantageux de l'invention comprend deux phases :

  • première phase :
    l'hélice tourne dans le sens direct et s'enfonce dans toute l'épaisseur du remblai sous l'action de son poids auquel s'ajoute celui de tout l'équipement mobile s'appuyant sur la face supérieure de l'hélice. Pendant cette phase, le battage et le vibrage sont débrayés .
  • deuxième phase :
    lorsque l'hélice atteint le fond de la tranchée, le sens de rotation est inversé, le battage et le vibrage sont mis en action pendant toute cette phase de remontée . L'hélice et l'équipement de rotation-battage-vibrage sont maintenus verticalement par un châssis muni de guides car ce dispositif ne peut pas être utilisé manuellement, mais adapté sur un porteur (véhicule tout-terrain, pelle, etc..)
An advantageous mode of use of the invention comprises two phases:
  • first phase :
    the propeller rotates in the direct direction and sinks into the entire thickness of the embankment under the action of its weight to which is added that of all mobile equipment resting on the upper face of the propeller. During this phase, the threshing and the vibration are disengaged.
  • second phase:
    when the propeller reaches the bottom of the trench, the direction of rotation is reversed, the threshing and the vibration are put into action during this entire ascent phase. The propeller and the rotation-threshing-vibrating equipment are held vertically by a frame provided with guides because this device cannot be used manually, but adapted on a carrier (all-terrain vehicle, shovel, etc.).

L'invention apporte plusieurs avantages :

  • possibilité de remplir la tranchée (ou la cavité en général) en une seule fois, d'où un gain de temps appréciable au départ par rapport à l'obligation de procéder par couches minces successives.
  • possibilité de travailler à la surface de l'ouvrage sans avoir à descendre dans le fond, ce qui est incommode, dangereux et difficilement accepté par le personnel.
  • garantie d'obtenir un compactage intense et uniforme, puisque l'équipement mobile ne peut remonter que si son poids est compatible avec un taux de compactage suffisant réalisé sous la face inférieure de l'hélice où le matériau doit atteindre une portance maximum (mesurée en indice CBR ou en indice Proctor).
  • possibilité de remettre en conformité des chantiers refusés lors des contrôles de réception pour compactage insuffisant:
    en effet, avec les appareils traditionnels, la réhabilitation de chantiers défectueux ne peut être réalisée qu'en extrayant tout le remblai, voire la canalisation, avec traitement ou purge du matériau inadapté, ou son remplacement par des matériaux plus nobles, parfois appelés "autocompactables", tels que la grave roulée humidifiée, le tout venant calibré, la grave-ciment, etc... Ces travaux représentent une perte de temps et d'argent considérable. Avec un dispositif suivant l'invention il devient possible de réhabiliter le remblai dans toute son épaisseur et sans avoir à décaisser ni relever la canalisation.
  • possibilité d'utiliser au maximum le terrain d'origine extrait de la tranchée, le mode de compactage s'adaptant à tous les types de sols grâce à l'action combinée du battage-vibrage, à condition toutefois que le sol en place ne contienne pas d'éléments de trop forte granulométrie (en pratique la granulométrie ne doit pas dépasser 50 mm, pour ne pas gêner la rotation de l'hélice ).
The invention provides several advantages:
  • possibility of filling the trench (or the cavity in general) in one go, hence an appreciable saving of time at the start compared to the obligation to proceed by successive thin layers.
  • possibility of working on the surface of the structure without having to descend to the bottom, which is inconvenient, dangerous and difficult for staff to accept.
  • guaranteed to obtain an intense and uniform compaction, since the mobile equipment can only go back up if its weight is compatible with a sufficient compaction rate carried out under the underside of the propeller where the material must reach a maximum bearing capacity (measured in CBR index or Proctor index).
  • possibility of bringing sites refused during the acceptance checks for insufficient compaction into conformity:
    indeed, with traditional devices, the rehabilitation of defective sites can only be achieved by extracting all the fill, or even the pipeline, with treatment or purging of unsuitable material, or its replacement by more noble materials, sometimes called "self-compacting"", such as the wet humid roll, all calibrated, the cement cement, etc ... These works represent a considerable loss of time and money. With a device according to the invention it becomes possible to rehabilitate the embankment throughout its thickness and without having to disburse or raise the pipeline.
  • possibility of making maximum use of the original soil extracted from the trench, the compacting mode adapting to all types of soil thanks to the combined action of threshing-vibration, provided, however, that the soil in place does not contain no elements of too large particle size (in practice the particle size should not exceed 50 mm, so as not to impede the rotation of the propeller).

L'invention sera mieux comprise à l'aide de la description de trois figures montrant un exemple de dispositif suivant l'invention et son application au compactage de tranchées de différentes largeurs.

  • La figure 1 représente la coupe verticale d'une unité élémentaire de compactage ou " module de compactage" selon un mode particulier de réalisation de l'invention;
  • La figure 2 représente en détail une hélice vue par sa face supérieure et de profil, utilisable dans un mode particulier de réalisation de l'invention;
  • La figure 3 décrit une utilisation du dispositif de compactage selon un mode particulier de réalisation de l'invention pour le compactage de tranchées de différentes largeurs.
    • The invention will be better understood using the description of three figures showing an example of a device according to the invention and its application to the compaction of trenches of different widths.
  • FIG. 1 represents the vertical section of an elementary compacting unit or "compacting module" according to a particular embodiment of the invention;
  • FIG. 2 shows in detail a propeller seen from its upper face and in profile, usable in a particular embodiment of the invention;
  • FIG. 3 describes a use of the compacting device according to a particular embodiment of the invention for compacting trenches of different widths.

    • Le dispositif illustré en Fig. 1 comprend:

    • un châssis vertical pour le guidage (1)
    • un support horizontal sur lequel est fixé tout l'équipement mobile (2)
    • deux guides latéraux et un guide central (3)
    • une hélice plate monospire à un tour complet, avec un rapport pas/diamètre inférieur ou égal à 20% (4)
    • un axe vertical (5) solidaire de l'hélice et tournant dans un tube (6)
    • un moteur hydraulique (7) reposant sur un dispositif amortisseur de vibrations (8) fixé sur le support (9) solidaire du tube (6) . Ce moteur est équipé d'un axe cannelé (10) venant s'engager dans l'extrêmité supérieure de l'axe (5) solidaire de l'hélice (4). L'axe (5) peut tourner librement dans le tube (6) qui s'appuie sur la face supérieure de l'hélice (4) et transmet à cette dernière les vibrations générées par l'élément de vibrage (7) et les chocs de l'élément de battage(12);
    • un vibrateur hydraulique (11), situé au dessus du moteur (7) mais dont les vibrations sont transmises au support (9) et au tube (6);
    • un mouton (12) assurant le battage en frappant sur l'enclume (13) dont le choc est transmis au support (9) et au tube (6). La fréquence de battage, ainsi que celle de la vibration, est réglable. Le mouton est périodiquement soulevé par un treuil hydraulique (15), la chute du mouton est guidée autour du câble (16) qui permet de soulever l'ensemble de l'équipement mobile grâce à un treuil (17). Le mouton (12) est relié au treuil (15) par un câble (14);
    • un dispositif (18) situé au dessus du châssis et permettant sa fixation et sa rotation autour de l'engin porteur .
    The device illustrated in FIG. 1 includes:
    • a vertical frame for guiding (1)
    • a horizontal support on which all mobile equipment is attached (2)
    • two lateral guides and a central guide (3)
    • a single-turn single-turn flat propeller, with a pitch / diameter ratio less than or equal to 20% (4)
    • a vertical axis (5) integral with the propeller and rotating in a tube (6)
    • a hydraulic motor (7) resting on a vibration damping device (8) fixed on the support (9) integral with the tube (6). This motor is equipped with a splined axis (10) which engages in the upper end of the axis (5) integral with the propeller (4). The axis (5) can rotate freely in the tube (6) which rests on the upper face of the propeller (4) and transmits to the latter the vibrations generated by the vibrating element (7) and the shocks the threshing element (12);
    • a hydraulic vibrator (11), located above the motor (7) but whose vibrations are transmitted to the support (9) and to the tube (6);
    • a sheep (12) ensuring threshing by striking on the anvil (13) whose shock is transmitted to the support (9) and to the tube (6). The threshing frequency, as well as that of the vibration, is adjustable. The sheep is periodically lifted by a hydraulic winch (15), the fall of the sheep is guided around the cable (16) which makes it possible to lift all of the mobile equipment using a winch (17). The sheep (12) is connected to the winch (15) by a cable (14);
    • a device (18) located above the chassis and allowing it to be fixed and rotated around the carrier.

    La Figure 2 montre un détail important du dispositif permettant de casser les voûtes qui se forment au dessus de l'hélice dans les sols cohérents, notamment dans ceux très chargés en argile :

    • hélice vue par en dessus pendant la phase de rotation directe (1), équipée d'un "doigt râcleur" (2) incurvé vers le haut en son extrémité (6) et maintenu plaqué sur l'hélice par rotation autour de son axe (3);
    • hélice vue de profil (5), la flèche (6) indique l'endroit où s'engagent les matériaux, sous la pointe du doigt racleur, dès que le sens de rotation de l'hélice est inversé:
    • hélice vue par en dessus (7) après un tour de rotation en sens indirect : le doigt (8) a pivoté autour de son axe et vient déborder le périmètre de l'hélice.
    • hélice pendant la phase de remontée (9) vue de profil.
    Figure 2 shows an important detail of the device making it possible to break the vaults which form above the propeller in coherent soils, in particular in those heavily loaded with clay:
    • propeller seen from above during the direct rotation phase (1), fitted with a "scraper finger" (2) curved upwards at its end (6) and kept pressed against the propeller by rotation around its axis ( 3);
    • propeller seen in profile (5), the arrow (6) indicates the place where the materials engage, under the tip of the scraper finger, as soon as the direction of rotation of the propeller is reversed:
    • propeller seen from above (7) after a turn in an indirect direction: the finger (8) has pivoted about its axis and comes to extend beyond the perimeter of the propeller.
    • propeller during the ascent phase (9) side view.

    L'orientation de l'axe du doigt râcleur et sa longueur sont calculés de façon à ce que l'extrêmité (4) de ce dernier se situe au dessus et à l'extérieur du cylindre décrit par l'hélice, de façon à casser la voûte (11).The orientation of the axis of the scraper finger and its length are calculated so that the end (4) of the latter is located above and outside the cylinder described by the propeller, so as to break the arch (11).

    Le doigt (10) provoque l'effondrement de la voûte (11) non encore compactée (hachures lâches). Les débris ainsi formés (12) tombent sur la face supérieure de l'hélice, passent à travers la fente de l'hélice et sont entrainés (13) par effet de rotation sous l'hélice où ils sont compactés (14) par effet de battage et vibrage (hachures denses).The finger (10) causes the collapse of the vault (11) not yet compacted (loose hatching). The debris thus formed (12) falls on the upper face of the propeller, pass through the propeller slot and are driven (13) by rotation under the propeller where they are compacted (14) by threshing and vibrating effect (dense hatching).

    Le raclage est particulièrement utile lorsque les matériaux à compacter sont cohérents, par exemples des sols argileux.Scraping is particularly useful when the materials to be compacted are consistent, for example clay soils.

    Bien entendu d'autres types de dispositifs de raclage peuvent être envisagés. Ils peuvent être automatiquement embrayés lors de la mise en rotation en sens inverse de l'hélice comme le doigt racleur décrit ci-dessus ou être commandés à distance par exemple par transmission hydraulique. Dans ce cas l'opérateur choisit d'activer ou non le raclage en fonction du type de sol à compacter.Of course other types of scraping devices can be envisaged. They can be automatically engaged when rotating in reverse of the propeller like the scraper finger described above or be controlled remotely for example by hydraulic transmission. In this case the operator chooses to activate or not scraping depending on the type of soil to be compacted.

    La figure 3 décrit un dispositif de compactage des tranchées de différentes largeurs.Figure 3 depicts a device for compacting trenches of different widths.

    Le dipositif de compactage utilisé ici comporte une pluralité de dispostifs de compactage élémentaires (modules de compactage) identiques à celui illustré en Fig. 1 et montés sur un chassis commun. Bien entendu, d'autres parties des modules peuvent être communes à tous les modules ou à certains seulement: moteur d'entraínement, dispositif de vibrage, enclume, mouton par exemple.
    Le cas échéant, les positions des différents modules peuvent être réglées en hauteur et/ou en largeur.    The compacting device used here comprises a plurality of elementary compacting devices (compacting modules) identical to that illustrated in FIG. 1 and mounted on a common chassis. Of course, other parts of the modules can be common to all the modules or to some only: drive motor, vibrating device, anvil, sheep for example.
    If necessary, the positions of the different modules can be adjusted in height and / or in width.

    Si l'on prend à titre d'exemple les types de tranchées suivantes:

    • tranchées étroites, de 30 à 40 cm
    • tranchées de largeur moyenne, de 60 à 70 cm
    • tranchées larges, de 100 à 120 cm .
    If we take as an example the following types of trenches:
    • narrow trenches, 30 to 40 cm
    • medium width trenches, 60 to 70 cm
    • wide trenches, from 100 to 120 cm.

    Ce dispositif est schématisé par son châssis (1) et deux hélices (2) et (3) de pas inverses l'un par rapport à l'autre, tournant en sens opposé de façon à neutraliser l'effet de réaction sur le sol à compacter. Le châssis (1) et les deux hélices (2+3) sont orientés dans le sens de la tranchée, dans ce cas, qui correspond à une largeur faible : deux stations successives, comprenant chacune une phase de descente et une phase de remontée, sont alors espacées d'environ 1 mètre, si le diamètre de chaque hélice est de 35 cm et si leurs axes sont distants de 50 cm, de façon à assurer un compactage suffisant, compte tenu de l'effet de bord provoqué par chaque hélice à une distance au moins égale à un rayon, au delà de sa périphérie.This device is shown diagrammatically by its chassis (1) and two pitch propellers (2) and (3) opposite to each other, rotating in opposite directions so as to neutralize the reaction effect on the soil to be compacted. The chassis (1) and the two propellers (2 + 3) are oriented in the direction of the trench, in this case, which corresponds to a width weak: two successive stations, each comprising a descent phase and an ascent phase, are then spaced about 1 meter apart, if the diameter of each propeller is 35 cm and if their axes are 50 cm apart, so that ensure sufficient compaction, taking into account the edge effect caused by each propeller at a distance at least equal to a radius, beyond its periphery.

    Si la largeur de la tranchée est moyenne, le dispositif de compactage est orienté à 45° (position (4)) par rapport à l'axe de la tranchée . La distance entre les deux stations est alors de 75 cm.If the width of the trench is medium, the compacting device is oriented at 45 ° (position (4)) relative to the axis of the trench. The distance between the two stations is then 75 cm.

    Si la largeur de la tranchée est importante (de l'ordre de 1m), le dispositif est orienté perpendiculairement (position (5)) à l'axe de la tranchée. La distance entre deux stations est alors de 50 cm.If the width of the trench is large (around 1m), the device is oriented perpendicular (position (5)) to the axis of the trench. The distance between two stations is then 50 cm.

    L'angle entre l'axe du châssis et l'axe de la tranchée est alors ùne fonction croissante de la largeur de cette dernière.The angle between the axis of the chassis and the axis of the trench is then a function increasing the width of the latter.

    Dans tous les cas la rotation du dispositif, constitué par l'association de 2 modules de compactage, est assurée par deux vérins hydrauliques opposés, autour de l'engin porteur au niveau du système de suspension (18, Figure 1), les différentes positions étant verrouillées .In all cases the rotation of the device, consisting of the association of 2 modules compaction, is ensured by two opposite hydraulic cylinders, around the carrier on the suspension system (18, Figure 1), the different positions being locked.

    Claims (11)

    1. Device for compacting materials, in particular filling materials, comprising an helical element (4) capable of being driven clockwise and anticlockwise by a motor (7), characterised in that it further comprises:
      a piling device (12) ramming the helical element when the latter is rotated anticlockwise and set idle when the latter is rotated clockwise, the compaction of the material being progressively achieved from the bottom to the top of the material when the helical element is rotated anticlockwise.
    2. Compacting device according to claim 1 characterised in that it further comprises a vibrating device (11) simultaneously operated with the piling device and generating vibrations along the axle of the piling device and a transmission element (6) transmitting these vibrations to said helical element.
    3. Compacting device according to claim 1 or 2 characterised in that it comprises a scraping device for breaking vaults of material to be compacted located above the helical element when the latter is rotated anticlockwise.
    4. Compacting device according to any of the previous claims characterised in that the helical element is made up with a flat screw (4) having substantially one single whorl and a pitch /diameter ratio below 20%.
    5. Compacting device according to one of claims 1 to 4 characterised in that said scraping device is made up with a finger located on the upper face of the helical element, said finger being mobile around an axis and having a raised tip, said finger being pinned down to the upper face of the helical element by the clockwise rotation and raised by the anticlockwise rotation thereof.
    6. Compacting device according to claim 5 characterised in that
      said transmission element is a pipe (6) standing on the upper face of the helical element (4);
      the motor (7) drives a grooved axle (10) fitted in a female piece which is located on the top of the axle (5) and mounted integral therewith, the grooved axle being able to slide within the axle (5) and to drive it in a rotary motion;
      the assembly constituted by the motor (7), the vibrating element (11), the pipe (6), the axle (5) and the helical element (4) is able to slide relatively to a frame along a plurality of guides;
      the motor (7) is insulated against vibrations by an insulating element (8);
      the piling device is constituted by a ram (12) tamping an anvil (13) transmitting the impacts to the pipe (6) and the helical element (4).
    7. Compacting set comprising a plurality of compacting devices according to one of the previous claims characterised in that the helical elements of any two neighbouring modules exhibit opposite threads with respect to each other and rotate in opposite directions.
    8. Method for compacting materials, in particular filling materials, comprising:
      a step of driving at least one helical element down into the material to be compacted by rotating said element clockwise without ramming it;
      reversing the direction of rotation of the helical element , characterised in that it further comprises a step of
      ramming said helical element when the latter is rotated anticlockwise, the compaction of the material being progressively achieved from the bottom to the top of the material when the helical element is rotated anticlockwise.
    9. Method for compacting materials according to claim 8 charcaterised in that in that the vaults of material to be compacted located above the helical element are broken when the latter is rotated anticlockwise.
    10. Method for compacting materials according to claim 8 or 9 characterised in that a plurality of helical elements are used , any two neighbouring elements having opposite threads and rotating in opposite directions and that:
      the helical elements are first driven down into the material to be compacted by rotating them according to their respective clockwise directions of rotation;
      the rotation of each helical element is reversed;
      the helical elements are rammed when rotating according to their respective anticlockwise directions of rotation.
    11. Method for compacting a trench comprising a step of compacting the material filling the trench and /or the bottom thereof according to the compacting method claimed in claim 10 further comprising a preliminary step of orientating the frame carrying the plurality of helical elements with respect to the trench axis, the angle made by the frame axis and the trench axis being an increasing function of the width of the latter.
    EP95401988A 1994-09-02 1995-09-01 Compacting method and apparatus Expired - Lifetime EP0701026B1 (en)

    Applications Claiming Priority (2)

    Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
    FR9410575A FR2724189B1 (en) 1994-09-02 1994-09-02 COMPACTION METHOD AND DEVICE
    FR9410575 1994-09-02

    Publications (2)

    Publication Number Publication Date
    EP0701026A1 EP0701026A1 (en) 1996-03-13
    EP0701026B1 true EP0701026B1 (en) 2000-05-03

    Family

    ID=9466669

    Family Applications (1)

    Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
    EP95401988A Expired - Lifetime EP0701026B1 (en) 1994-09-02 1995-09-01 Compacting method and apparatus

    Country Status (5)

    Country Link
    EP (1) EP0701026B1 (en)
    AT (1) ATE192522T1 (en)
    DE (1) DE69516606T2 (en)
    ES (1) ES2148456T3 (en)
    FR (1) FR2724189B1 (en)

    Families Citing this family (3)

    * Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
    Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
    FR2758577B1 (en) * 1997-01-22 1999-03-12 Menard Soltraitement METHOD, DEVICE AND MATERIALS FOR CONSOLIDATING A FURNISHED AND / OR COMPRESSIBLE LAND, IN PARTICULAR FOR RECEIVING A BUILDING ON IT
    CN106908296B (en) * 2017-04-10 2023-06-02 东北农业大学 Full-automatic soil saturator
    CN112459036B (en) * 2020-12-16 2022-04-05 詹闽研 Foundation reinforcing device

    Family Cites Families (6)

    * Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
    Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
    US3282055A (en) * 1958-07-02 1966-11-01 Richard E Landau Soil settling method
    JPS57187417A (en) * 1981-05-13 1982-11-18 Takuma Co Ltd Improvement work for soft ground
    NL8201261A (en) * 1982-03-26 1982-08-02 Kitagawa Iron Works Co Subsoil stabilising unit injects agent via driven hollow shaft - with impeller in subsoil and carried by vertically movable drive assembly
    US4504176A (en) * 1982-06-02 1985-03-12 Byggnads-& Industriservice Ab Binab Method for compacting compactable soils by vibration
    FR2563852B1 (en) 1984-05-07 1987-06-26 Sif Entreprise Bachy PROCESS AND DEVICE FOR REALIZING IN STATION COLUMNS OF STABILIZED AND COMPACT SOIL.
    SE469177B (en) * 1991-07-18 1993-05-24 Bpa Bygg Ab TOOLS INTRODUCING MARKET STABILIZING SUBJECT

    Also Published As

    Publication number Publication date
    DE69516606D1 (en) 2000-06-08
    FR2724189B1 (en) 1996-12-27
    FR2724189A1 (en) 1996-03-08
    ATE192522T1 (en) 2000-05-15
    EP0701026A1 (en) 1996-03-13
    DE69516606T2 (en) 2001-01-11
    ES2148456T3 (en) 2000-10-16

    Similar Documents

    Publication Publication Date Title
    FR2578876A1 (en) TRANCHEE EXCAVATOR
    EP0811724B1 (en) Apparatus with telescopic frame for digging trenches in the ground
    EP0701026B1 (en) Compacting method and apparatus
    CN1214160C (en) Device for opening narrow trenches and placing matching prefabricated elements
    EP0317458B1 (en) Process and apparatus for laying a foundation by creating a solid mass constituted by the soil itself
    EP0585188A1 (en) Device for automatically laying underground conduits
    FR2480815A1 (en) RAILWAY CONSTRUCTION MACHINE COMPRISING A DEVICE FOR DEBLAYING AND PLACING THE BALLAST LAYER
    FR2752857A1 (en) APPARATUS FOR HOLLOWING IN THE SOIL OF VERY DEPTH TRENCHES
    FR2610652A1 (en) PROCESS FOR REINFORCING A PITCHED TUBULAR PIEU, PIEU OBTAINED BY THIS METHOD, DEVICE FOR CARRYING OUT THE METHOD
    CA1104841A (en) Process and device for on site treatment of sludges and silts
    FR2466604A1 (en) Earth borehole drilling appliance - has sheath and worm gear rotating opposite ways, and screw blade on shaft
    FR2833627A1 (en) Application of soil mortar into a cavity, e.g. a hole in a road or a pavement, involves meting and mixing soil mortar and a setting and hardening accelerator in an endless screw conveyor, and pouring the mixture into a cavity
    FR2600094A1 (en) METHOD AND DEVICE FOR THE PROGRESSIVE ESTABLISHMENT OF A POSE CHANNEL UNDER WATER
    MXPA03004769A (en) Method and apparatus for vibratory kinetic energy generation and application thereof.
    JPS58189408A (en) Method and apparatus for formation of crushed stone- drain pile
    EP2732098B1 (en) Surface-compacting method
    EP1929094A1 (en) Machine for making a continuous wall in the ground
    FR2851316A1 (en) PROCESS FOR LAYING BURIED TUBULAR ELEMENTS AND PREPARING MORTAR FOR IMPLEMENTATION
    FR2566615A1 (en) Process and appliance for the treatment of stony soils and for the development of land not considered cultivatable
    BE346159A (en)
    EP0131562A1 (en) Method for casting piles by means of a drive-out screw
    FR2687699A1 (en) Device for precracking compact hydraulic-binder materials
    FR2961533A1 (en) Buried column realizing method for distributing loads in e.g. roadway, involves forming vertical cavity on ground, and performing casting of filling material in cavity, where shape of cavity is complementary to shape of column
    FR2681353A1 (en) Compacting device for vehicles with chains
    FR2507642A1 (en) Compacting device for sandy soil - comprises vertical rod carrying horizontal plate at its upper end

    Legal Events

    Date Code Title Description
    PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

    Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

    AK Designated contracting states

    Kind code of ref document: A1

    Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE DK ES FR GB GR IT LI LU NL PT SE

    RAX Requested extension states of the european patent have changed

    Free format text: LT PAYMENT 950906;SI PAYMENT 950906

    17P Request for examination filed

    Effective date: 19960910

    17Q First examination report despatched

    Effective date: 19990129

    GRAG Despatch of communication of intention to grant

    Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS AGRA

    GRAG Despatch of communication of intention to grant

    Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS AGRA

    GRAH Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent

    Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS IGRA

    GRAH Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent

    Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS IGRA

    GRAA (expected) grant

    Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210

    AK Designated contracting states

    Kind code of ref document: B1

    Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE DK ES FR GB GR IT LI LU NL PT SE

    AX Request for extension of the european patent

    Free format text: LT PAYMENT 19950906;SI PAYMENT 19950906

    LTIE Lt: invalidation of european patent or patent extension
    PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

    Ref country code: NL

    Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

    Effective date: 20000503

    Ref country code: GR

    Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

    Effective date: 20000503

    Ref country code: AT

    Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

    Effective date: 20000503

    REF Corresponds to:

    Ref document number: 192522

    Country of ref document: AT

    Date of ref document: 20000515

    Kind code of ref document: T

    REG Reference to a national code

    Ref country code: CH

    Ref legal event code: EP

    REF Corresponds to:

    Ref document number: 69516606

    Country of ref document: DE

    Date of ref document: 20000608

    ITF It: translation for a ep patent filed
    PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

    Ref country code: PT

    Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

    Effective date: 20000803

    Ref country code: DK

    Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

    Effective date: 20000803

    PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

    Ref country code: GB

    Payment date: 20000814

    Year of fee payment: 6

    GBT Gb: translation of ep patent filed (gb section 77(6)(a)/1977)

    Effective date: 20000727

    PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

    Ref country code: SE

    Payment date: 20000825

    Year of fee payment: 6

    PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

    Ref country code: DE

    Payment date: 20000830

    Year of fee payment: 6

    PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

    Ref country code: LU

    Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

    Effective date: 20000901

    PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

    Ref country code: ES

    Payment date: 20000922

    Year of fee payment: 6

    PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

    Ref country code: FR

    Payment date: 20000929

    Year of fee payment: 6

    PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

    Ref country code: LI

    Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

    Effective date: 20000930

    Ref country code: CH

    Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

    Effective date: 20000930

    NLV1 Nl: lapsed or annulled due to failure to fulfill the requirements of art. 29p and 29m of the patents act
    PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

    Ref country code: BE

    Payment date: 20001003

    Year of fee payment: 6

    REG Reference to a national code

    Ref country code: ES

    Ref legal event code: FG2A

    Ref document number: 2148456

    Country of ref document: ES

    Kind code of ref document: T3

    PLBE No opposition filed within time limit

    Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261

    STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

    Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT

    26N No opposition filed
    REG Reference to a national code

    Ref country code: CH

    Ref legal event code: PL

    PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

    Ref country code: GB

    Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

    Effective date: 20010901

    PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

    Ref country code: SE

    Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

    Effective date: 20010902

    Ref country code: ES

    Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

    Effective date: 20010902

    PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

    Ref country code: BE

    Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

    Effective date: 20010930

    BERE Be: lapsed

    Owner name: AUGARDE JACQUES

    Effective date: 20010930

    PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

    Ref country code: DE

    Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

    Effective date: 20020501

    EUG Se: european patent has lapsed

    Ref document number: 95401988.1

    PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

    Ref country code: FR

    Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

    Effective date: 20020531

    REG Reference to a national code

    Ref country code: FR

    Ref legal event code: ST

    REG Reference to a national code

    Ref country code: ES

    Ref legal event code: FD2A

    Effective date: 20021011

    PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

    Ref country code: IT

    Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES;WARNING: LAPSES OF ITALIAN PATENTS WITH EFFECTIVE DATE BEFORE 2007 MAY HAVE OCCURRED AT ANY TIME BEFORE 2007. THE CORRECT EFFECTIVE DATE MAY BE DIFFERENT FROM THE ONE RECORDED.

    Effective date: 20050901