EP0697476A2 - Procedure for producing a twisted yarn in an integrated spinning and twisting process using the two-for-one principle, as well as a device to carry out the procedure - Google Patents

Abstract

A method for producing a thread from fiber material and an apparatus for performing the method. Individual spinning threads (F1, F2) are produced by means of two adjacent spinning units (R1, R2), which are brought together in a hollow axis (11) and fed directly into the spindle hollow axis (29) of a twisting spindle. They are then guided in the opposite direction to the first direction of rotation in accordance with the double-wire principle and pass through a thread balloon which is guided in a thread guide tube (3) and rotates around the spinning units (F1, F2) to a centering point (37) located in the extension of the hollow axis, from which they are withdrawn . Dissolved fiber material is fed to each spinning unit (R1, R2) through the envelope surface defined by the thread balloon, specifically through an annular space penetrated by the envelope surface, in which the thread guide tube (3) rotates. The fiber material is removed from the annular space under the effect of a negative pressure. <IMAGE>

Description

The best-known way of producing a twist is that in a first operation using suitable spinning units from disintegrated fiber material, spun threads are produced, which are further processed into a twine in a subsequent operation by means of twisting devices, for example double-wire twisting devices. Between these two operations, there is still a winding process and, in some cases, a specialist process. For the production of twisted yarns, independent spinning machines acting on the one hand and twisting machines on the other hand are required, which is complex both in terms of machine and in terms of the workflow.

Processes and devices are also known from the documents DD 78 710 and FR-A-2 354 403, in which individual spinning threads are produced by means of two adjacent, i.e., side by side or one above the other, spinning units which are brought together immediately after spinning and one Thread twist.

In the older, not prepublished German patent application P 43 31 801.0, a method and an apparatus for producing a thread from fiber material are further described, in which the double-wire principle is used, in that the spun threads produced by means of the spinning units from fiber material, which have a common first twist were subjected, then - in accordance with the double-wire principle - opposite to the first running direction in order to form and pass through a thread balloon rotating around the spinning units, and are fed to a winding device via a centering point above the spinning units. Dissolved fiber material is fed to each spinning unit essentially in the radial direction through the envelope surface defined by the thread balloon, and at least in the area of the fiber material feeding through the thread balloon, the thread forming the thread balloon is passed through a thread guide element rotating with the thread balloon.

The invention has for its object to provide a method and an apparatus by means of which the fiber material in the most uniform, loss-free fiber stream through the envelope surface of the thread balloon into the Thread balloon defined interior is entered and fed to the spinning units.

This object is achieved procedurally with the features from claim 1. An advantageous variant of the method is described in claim 2.

A device for carrying out the method according to the invention is the subject of claim 3. Advantageous further developments of this device are described in the dependent subclaims.

The invention thus takes up the basic idea described in the earlier application to integrate spinning units in a twisting device constructed essentially according to the double-wire principle in such a way that the spun threads produced by means of the spinning units are combined immediately after their manufacture in a continuous work process and the two-wire principle with two Thread twists and processed into a thread.

Possibilities for feeding the fiber material into the space enclosed by the thread balloon are described, for example, in the older, not previously published German patent application P 43 07 296.8.

A basic idea of the present invention is to first supply the dissolved fiber material to an annular space which lies in the zone of the fiber feed and is arranged coaxially to the spindle axis. Through this annulus the thread forming the thread balloon is guided in such a way that it traverses the annular space in a kind of column or spoke which is part of a rotating component, so that the thread passing through the thread balloon does not come into direct contact with the supplied fiber material. The fiber material is fed to the annular space from the outside in the radial direction and removed from the annular space inwards and fed to the spinning units. The spoke or column through which the thread is guided can be designed so that no fibers can attach to it. The fiber material can be conveyed into and out of the annular space by means of negative pressure. The removal of the fiber material from the annular space is advantageously carried out at a point which is arranged offset in the direction of movement of the spoke or column by a predetermined distance on the circumference of the annular space. The size of the dislocation distance depends on the movement component in the circumferential direction that the fiber material receives when it enters the annular space.

The extent to which the fiber flow is disturbed when it passes through the annular space depends on the ratio of the width of the spokes or columns in the circumferential direction to the entire circumference of the annular space. It has been shown that the annular space has a storage function, although the feeding and removal of the fiber material take place essentially at the same point in the annular space. The passage of the spoke or column at the feed or discharge point still occasionally creates a disturbance in the fiber stream, which can lead to the expulsion of one or more fibers from the fiber stream. However, it has Surprisingly, it has been shown that a single fiber separated from the rest of the fiber stream is forced into one or more spindle revolutions in the annular space in order to then be fed back to the fiber stream aimed at the spinning units due to the negative pressure. In this case, the annular space assumes a storage function for individual fibers knocked out of the fiber stream.

In principle, the annular space can be arranged at practically any point in the contour of the thread balloon. However, the rotating component and thus the annular space are advantageously arranged in such a way that the greatest possible radial expansion is achieved. Since the width of the spokes or columns in the circumferential direction, as will be explained in more detail below, is essentially determined by the maximum length of the fibers to be supplied and is independent of the radius of the annular space, the degree of coverage of the rotating spokes or columns with respect to the supply and discharge openings increases the greater the radius of the annulus. This means that the trouble-free time for the entry of the material flow into the interior of the thread balloon increases with an increase in the annulus radius.

The rotating component, through which the thread running through the thread balloon is guided, can, as will be shown below with the aid of exemplary embodiments, be part of a component belonging to the entire spindle, for example part of a rotating limiting pot connected to the spindle rotor disk or part of a balloon thread guide to the centering point on upper end of the thread balloon. The rotating component can also be one of the others Machine parts represent a separate element that is dragged freely by the thread itself.

If the conveying of the fiber material to the annular space and away from the annular space takes place by means of negative pressure, it is expedient, as explained further below with the aid of exemplary embodiments, if the annular space is sealed off from the pressurized spaces by gap or labyrinth seals.

Two exemplary embodiments of the method and the device according to the invention are explained in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

• Figur 1 in einer Schnittansicht eine Doppeldraht-Zwirnspindel mit darin integrierten Spinnaggregaten in Form von Spinnrotoren;
• Figur 2 in einer perspektivischen, teilweise geschnittenen Teilansicht die Zwirnspindel nach Figur 1 im Bereich der Fasermaterialzuführung;
• Figur 3 in einer perspektivischen Ansicht das rotierende Bauteil der Ausführungsform nach den Figuren 1 und 2 als Teil eines Begrenzermantels;
• Figur 4 in einer stark vergrößerten Teildarstellung den Bereich der Faserzuführung zum Ringraum bei der Ausführungsform nach den Figuren 1 bis 3 zusammen mit einer graphischen Darstellung des Druckverlaufs in den Spalten zwischen Ringraum und Außenraum;
• Figur 5 im Teilschnitt eine Doppeldraht-Zwirnspindel mit Spinnrotoren analog Figur 1 bei einer anderen Ausführungsform der Fasermaterialzuführung.

The drawings show:

• Figure 1 is a sectional view of a double-wire twisting spindle with integrated spinning units in the form of spinning rotors;
• Figure 2 is a perspective, partially sectioned partial view of the twisting spindle according to Figure 1 in the area of the fiber material feed;
• FIG. 3 shows a perspective view of the rotating component of the embodiment according to FIGS. 1 and 2 as part of a limiter jacket;
• 4 shows a greatly enlarged partial representation of the area of the fiber feed to the annular space in the embodiment according to FIGS. 1 to 3 together with a graphical representation of the pressure curve in the gaps between the annular space and the outer space;
• 5 shows in partial section a double-wire twisting spindle with spinning rotors analogous to FIG. 1 in another embodiment of the fiber material feed.

Figure 1 shows a double wire twisting spindle. In a machine frame represented by a spindle bench 21, a hollow shaft 23 is rotatably supported by means of a bearing block 22, the outer, that is to say the lower end of which can be connected to a suction air source (not shown). The hollow shaft 23, which can be driven by a tangential drive belt (not shown) and forms part of the spindle rotor, has a radially outwardly directed spindle rotor disk 26 with a substantially radially guided thread guide channel 27. A balloon limiter pot 7 is fastened to the outer circumference of the spindle rotor disk 26, in the wall thereof a thread guide tube 3 is guided upwards, which connects with its lower end to the thread guide channel 27 and from whose upper end the thread F3 emerges towards the centering point 37. In the inner end of the thread guide channel 27 opens as part of the spindle hollow axis a bent at its lower end thread guide tube 29 which is inserted into the hollow shaft 23 that 29 air channels 30 remain free between the hollow shaft and the thread guide tube. The spindle rotor is thus essentially formed by the following elements: hollow shaft 23, spindle rotor disk 26, balloon limiter pot 7 with thread guide tube 3 and thread guide tube 29.

On the upper end of the hollow shaft 23, with the interposition of suitable bearings, is an essentially closed inner housing secured against rotation via permanent magnet pairs 51, 52 12 mounted, which has essentially the shape of a cylinder with a bottom 12.1, an outer wall 12.2 and a removable cover 12.3. Within this inner housing 12, two rotor spinning devices R1 and R2 are accommodated, the spinning rotors 1 and 2 of which are driven by means of a drive belt 9 from a motor (not shown in FIG. 1). The fiber material feed pipes 5 and 6 which open into the spinning rotors 1 and 2 are guided through the cover 12.3. Furthermore, thread take-off tubes 31 and 32 are guided through the cover 12.3 coaxially above the spinning rotor axes, through which the spinning threads F1 and F2 produced in the spinning rotors 1 and 2 are drawn off before they run in through the upper inlet end 11a of the downwardly directed hollow spindle axis 11, which opens with the interposition of, for example, an annular gap seal 33 in the upper end of the thread guide tube 29.

At the inner end of the hollow shaft 23 there are air channels 39, 40 which open into the interior of the inner housing 12 in the area of the spinning rotors 1 and 2. The outer end of the hollow shaft 23 is connected in a manner not shown to a suction source, so that a negative pressure is generated in the interior of the inner housing 12 via the hollow shaft 23 and the air channels 39, 40, which acts in the fiber material feed pipes 5 and 6 and the fiber feed spinning rotors 1 and 2.

The inner housing 12 is surrounded by an outer housing 34 which carries a removable cover 35, in which the interact with the corresponding counter magnets in the cover 12.3 of the inner housing Permanent magnet pairs 51, 52 are arranged, whereby a contactless holding device is formed between the inner housing 12 with the components fixedly arranged in it and the outer housing 34. On the top of the cover 35 of the outer housing 34 there is a thread outlet opening 37 as a centering point lying coaxially to the spindle hollow axis, to which a take-off mechanism for the thread F3 is connected.

The power supply to the drive motor (not shown) for the rotor spinning devices R1 and R2 takes place through the spindle rotor disk 26 via a schematically indicated system of slip ring contacts 41, 42 with connecting lines (not shown) connected to it. Dynamometric energy conversion can also be used to generate and supply the necessary electrical energy.

wobei S = Betrag der Versetzung, B = radiale Breite des Ringraums 10, VF = Geschwindigkeit der zugeführten Fasern und VS = Umfangsgeschwindigkeit der Verbindungselemente 13.1 bis 13.3.To feed the fiber material, 34 fiber material feed channels 4 are arranged in the outer housing, of which only one is visible in FIG. 1. The fiber material feed channel 4 has an outlet opening 4.1 opening into an annular space 10. An offset opening 6.1 of the fiber material feed channel 6 is arranged in the cover 12.3 of the inner housing 12 opposite this. The top and bottom of the annular space 10 is delimited by annular parts 8.1 and 8.2, which are part of a rotating component which is arranged on the upper edge of the regulating pot 7 and thus rotates with it. The more precise design of this limiter pot can be seen in FIG. 3. Then the two annular parts 8.1 and 8.2 connected to one another via spoke-like or column-like connecting elements 13.1, 13.2 and 13.3. The thread guide tube 3 for the thread F3 is passed through the connecting element 13.1. It is easy to see that the supplied fiber material flow FM enters from the outlet opening 4.1 through the annular space 10 into the inlet opening 6.1 as long as the passage does not pass through one of the. Connecting elements 13.1 to 13.3 is covered. The width of the connecting elements 13.1 to 13.3 in the circumferential direction depends essentially on the maximum length of the fibers contained in the supplied fiber stream. This width should be greater than half the fiber length of the longest fiber in the supplied fiber material stream. Under this condition, it is impossible for individual fibers to wrap around the connecting elements and thus to disrupt the flow of fiber material more. The connecting elements 13.1 to 13.3 preferably have the shape of a wing profile in the direction of rotation to reduce the aerodynamic losses. Since the width of the connecting elements 13.1 to 13.3 is thus essentially fixed, the degree of coverage depends on the radius of the annular space 10 and the number of connecting elements 13.1 to 13.3. It has proven to be sufficient to provide three connecting elements and it is very advantageous if the radius of the annular space 10 is as large as possible, that is to say if the rotating component is arranged at a point which corresponds to the greatest radial extent of the inner housing 12. This is the case in the exemplary embodiment according to FIGS. 1 to 3. The displacement of the inlet opening 6.1 to the outlet opening 4.1 in the direction of rotation of the parts 8.1 to 8.2 corresponds preferably the relationship:

where S = amount of displacement, B = radial width of the annular space 10, VF = speed of the fibers fed and VS = peripheral speed of the connecting elements 13.1 to 13.3.

The delivery of the fiber material to be fed through the fiber material feed channels 4 and the fiber material feed channels 5 and 6 is carried out by means of negative pressure. The negative pressure present in the interior of the inner housing 12 continues into the annular space 10 via the fiber material feed channels 5 and 6. So that a sufficient negative pressure can build up in this annular space, gap seals 14, 15 are provided in the gaps connecting the annular space 10 with the spaces under higher pressure between the outer wall of the inner housing 12 and the inner wall of the outer housing 34, the more precise design and mode of operation of which Figures 2 and 4 can be seen. These gap seals 14 and 15 preferably have return threads in the circumferential direction of the gap with opposite pitches in relation to the annular space 10 such that the air flowing in from the outside of the annular space 10 is stowed as a result of the thread pitch. The relationships are shown in more detail in FIG. FIG. 4 shows a detail in the area of the gaps between the lower ring part 8.1 or the upper ring part 8.2 and the inner wall of the outer housing 34. The air flowing in from outside is indicated by flow lines L. In a known manner, pressure energy is converted into speed energy within the seal, as a result of which the throttling effect occurs. On the right side of FIG. 4 is a diagram of the course of the negative pressure -P in the circumferential direction X, as indicated by a small coordinate system. It can be seen from this that the pressure drops from the points P1 via P2 to the point P3 corresponding to the center of the annular space 10, and then increases again to the outside via the points P4 and P5.

A somewhat different type of design of the rotating component delimiting the annular space is described below with reference to FIG.

In Figure 5, only the components are shown in more detail and provided with their own reference numerals, which are different from the embodiment according to Figures 1 to 4. In the remaining structure, the double-wire twisting spindle shown in FIG. 5 corresponds to the double-wire twisting spindle according to FIGS. 1 to 4.

According to FIG. 5, the rotating component is designed as a cap-shaped wheel 28 arranged above the spindle, which is above the cover 17 of the inner housing 16 and whose wheel axis 25 is mounted in a fixed holder 19 via rotary bearings 20. On the outer circumference of the wheel 28, two annular parts 36.1 and 36.2 are arranged, which delimit the annular space 50 between them, which is delimited on both sides by the inner wall of an outer housing 18, which is likewise cap-shaped, and the outer wall of the cover 17 of the inner housing 16. The two annular parts 36.1 and 36.2 are connected to one another via spoke-like connecting elements 38.1 and 38.2. A balloon thread guide tube 43 is passed through the connecting element 38.1, at the lower end of which the thread F3 passing through the thread balloon enters and in which it reaches the centering point 47 performed and deducted there.

The fiber material feed channels 44 (only one visible in FIG. 1) are guided through the outer housing 18, the outlet openings 44. 1 of which open into the annular space 50. Opposite them are the inlet openings 46.1 of the fiber material feed channels 46 and 45 which open into the rotors 2 and 1 of the rotor spinning device R2 and R1.

In order to seal the gaps between the inner wall of the outer housing 18 and the outer wall of the cover 17, through which air can flow into the annular space 50, gap seals 48 and 49 of the type already described are again used. In the embodiment according to FIG. 5 it is also achieved that the annular space has a relatively large radius and the degree of coverage of the outlet or inlet openings is thus reduced. The drive device for the cap-shaped wheel 28 is not specifically shown. It can be constructed using means familiar to the person skilled in the art.

Claims (12)

A process for producing a thread in an integrated spinning-twisting process, in which individual spinning threads are produced by means of at least two adjacent spinning units, which are first brought together and subjected to a common first twisting of the thread, characterized in that the spinning threads are then - in accordance with the double-wire principle - opposite to the first Direction of rotation are guided in order to form and pass through a wheel balloon rotating around the spinning units and to be fed to a winding device via a centering point above the spinning units, fiber material dissolved in each spinning unit being fed essentially in a radial direction through the envelope surface defined by the thread balloon. and at least in the area of the supply of the fiber material through the thread balloon, the thread forming the thread balloon is passed through a thread guide element rotating with the thread balloon, and the fiber mat rial is first supplied in the radial direction to a coaxial to the axis of the thread balloon, through which the envelope surface is fed, in which the thread guide element runs, and the fiber material is then removed under the effect of a vacuum essentially in the radial direction from the annular space and fed to the spinning units . A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the removal of the fiber material from the annular space takes place in each case at a point which is radially opposite the feed point. Method according to Claim 1, characterized in that the fiber material is removed from the annular space at a point which is offset in relation to the feed point by a predetermined distance in the direction of rotation of the thread balloon. Device for producing a thread from fiber material according to the method according to one of claims 1 to 3 with at least one drivable spindle rotor mounted rotatably in a machine frame and a spindle hollow axis, which is followed by a substantially radially outwardly guided thread guide channel for a thread, which after the exit from the thread guide channel with balloon formation to a centering point located in the extension of the spindle hollow axis and then pulled off and with a device for supplying dissolved fiber material into the space defined by the thread balloon, characterized in that within the space defined by the thread balloon in A closed, fixedly arranged inner housing (12, 16) is arranged with at least two spinning units (R1, R2) with assigned fiber material feed channels (5, 6; 45, 46), the inlet openings (6.1, 6.1) arranged on the outside of the inner housing (12, 16) 46 .1) have those outside of the space defined by the thread balloon on the Inner wall of a fixedly arranged outer housing (34, 18) arranged outlet openings (4.1, 44.1) of fiber material supply channels (4, 44) are assigned and the spinning units (R1, R2) thread removal pipes (31, 32) are assigned such that the spinning units produced spun threads (F1, F2) jointly and centrally into the hollow spindle axis (29) inserted into the inner housing (12) and the thread (F3) is guided in the thread balloon at least on a partial section in a rotating thread guide element (3, 43), which In a coaxially arranged to the spindle hollow axis and about this rotating with the thread balloon component (7, 28) is integrated, which is arranged in an intermediate space between the outer wall of the inner housing (12, 16) and the inner wall of the outer housing (34, 18) and at least two in the axial and / or radial direction in the area of the outlet openings (4.1, 44.1) and the inlet openings (6.1, 46.1) for the fiber material other opposite annular parts (8.1, 8.2; 36.1, 36.2) which define between them an annular space (10, 50) which is open towards the inlet openings (6.1, 46.1) and outlet openings (4.1, 44.1) and is penetrated by spoke-like connecting elements (13.1 - 13.3; 38.1, 38.2) , wherein the thread guide element (3, 43) is arranged in one of the connecting elements (13.1, 38.1). Apparatus according to claim 4, characterized in that the inlet openings (6.1, 46.1) of the fiber material feed channels (5, 6, 45, 46) with respect to the outlet openings (4.1, 44.1) of the fiber material feed channels (4, 44) are offset by a predetermined distance in the direction of rotation of the rotating component (7, 28). Apparatus according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that the annular parts (8.1, 8.2) of the rotating component (7) are connected to one another via one or more, preferably three spoke-like connecting elements (13.1, 13.2, 13.3). Device according to one of claims 4 to 6, characterized in that the annular space (10) can be subjected to negative pressure and into the gaps connecting the annular space with the pressurized spaces between the outer wall of the inner housing (12; 17) and the inner wall of the Outer housing (34; 18) gap or labyrinth seals (14, 15; 48, 49) are arranged. Apparatus according to claim 7, characterized in that the gap or labyrinth seals (14, 15; 48, 49) in the circumferential direction of the gap are provided with return threads with pitches which run in opposite directions with respect to the annular space. Device according to one of claims 4 to 8, characterized in that the circumference of the spoke-like connecting element (13.1; 38.1) is greater than half the fiber length of the longest fiber in the fiber material supplied. Device according to one of claims 4 to 9, characterized in that the formation and arrangement of the rotating component (7) is such that the annular space (10) is arranged in the region of the greatest radial extent of the inner housing (12). Device according to one of claims 4 to 10, characterized in that the rotating component is designed as a pot (7) fixedly connected to the spindle rotor, at the upper end of which the annular parts (8.1, 8.2) are arranged, the thread guide element as thread guide tube ( 3) through the wall of the pot (7) upwards and through one of the spoke-like connecting elements (13.1). Device according to one of claims 4 to 10, characterized in that the rotating component as a cap-shaped wheel (rotatably mounted above the spindle in the region of the centering point (47), opening towards the inner housing (16-17) and enclosing this on its upper side) 28) is formed, on the outer edge of which the annular parts (36.1, 36.2) are arranged, the thread guide element being guided as a balloon thread guide tube (43) from the edge of the wheel (28) to the centering point (47) through one of the spoke-shaped connecting elements (38.1) and the outer housing has a cap (18) fixedly arranged above the wheel (28).

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