EP0692594B1 - Safe comprising a plurality of safe deposit boxes and method of monitoring the status of individual safe deposit boxes - Google Patents

Abstract

The bank safety deposit box is secured via a door lock operated via a key with a mechanical main bolt (24) and a locking catch (27) operated via a remote-controlled drive. The main bolt (24) and the locking catch (27) fit in openings (29) in the door frame having a corresponding cross-section. The wall of the safe is armoured adjacent the locking catch (27) for protecting the remote operating drive which uses an electromagnet, energised to release the catch. <IMAGE>

Description

The invention relates to a safe, in particular with several lockers, as he is described in the preamble of claim 1 and a method for monitoring the operating status of at least one locker.

Various locker systems are already known, consisting of a variety of Lockers exist, in which each individual locker has its own door is provided and which can be closed by a locking device. Such lockers, also known as security deposits, are often used in banks to provide bank customers enable the storage of valuables without the control of the bank. Around security against unauthorized opening of a locker must be achieved these doors mostly with two mechanical locks, a so-called customer lock and a bank lock. This ensures that the customer only after proof of access to the locker, also open it can and that in addition to the customer key therefore an additional against unauthorized opening Security is in place. The so-called bank lock is used after an identity check unlocked by a bank official accompanying the customer, whereupon the Customer can open the locker with his key. This is annoying for many Customers that the bank clerk present in the locker room at the same time Can observe the customer's transaction. Accordingly, the banks don't last but also tried to access such due to high personnel costs Automate locker systems.

Locker systems are therefore known in which one of the two locks in the door, namely the bank lock, via a remote control device by a bank official, who has his workplace outside the locker system are released can. Such a lock is known for example from EP-OS 0 096 400. Additional safety circuits ensure that in the event of an incorrect release the bank clerk automatically locks the bank quickly occurs again, so that a later attempt by a customer with a false key Breaking into a locker fails. In addition, to secure the Locker system a variety of security measures, such as motion detectors, infrared sensors and other, arranged, as is usual with other vault systems is. The disadvantage of such locker systems that either the personnel costs to operate the bank lock is relatively high or when using the currently known locks the energy for actuating the electrically charged Locks is relatively high. This requires extensive electrical installations, so these systems for retrofitting doors with two mechanical locks a locker system are not suitable. With such systems would have to Locker system replaced all doors and built-in wiring become. The effort for this is relatively high and there is also an essential one Problem in that not all customers succeed on a given day to call up to store the valuables stored in the lockers, so that the conversion can be carried out.

From DE 32 21 623 A1 is a lock for lockers with an unlocking option for the customer via a key and with an additional electrical Bank release known. This lock has one by the key of Locker customers can move the lock bolt. The remote bank lock comprises a locking lever pivotable by an electromagnet, wherein depending on the pivot position of the locking lever of the lock bolt in its displacement movement is released or blocked by the key. Of the Electromagnet has two coil windings, the first winding for Builds a magnetic field for pivoting the locking lever and in the further winding by the movement of the locking lever, a voltage pulse is induced as a display signal for a locking or opening process of the Locker is evaluated. The one when locking the locker in the second Coil-induced electrical voltage also serves as a signal for switching off the current in the first coil, so that the locking lever in the locked position for the Lock bolt can fall back. The disadvantage here is that the second coil only during a lock or unlock the locker a signal about the current Can give lock actuation to a control or display device. Furthermore it is disadvantageous that in this coil due to the movements of the locking lever induced tensions not least because of the one-time provision and problematic due to the low electrical power in the evaluation are.

DE 21 34 630 A1, which specifies the preamble of claim 1, also describes a lock for lockers, which one with a key lock to be operated and a lock bolt assigned to the lock bolt Has lock bolt lock to be actuated by an electromagnet. The lock bolt lock is formed by a pivoted two-armed lever, one lever arm cooperating with the electromagnet and the other lever arm depending on the operating state of the electromagnet with one stop can be placed in or out of active connection. The one to be controlled Pivoting the lock bolt lock provided electromagnet has an open Magnet yoke on, the lock bolt forms the armature of the electromagnet. If the lock bolt lock is inactive, i.e. when activated Electromagnet, the lock bolt by turning the customer's key shifted, there is a change in the current consumption in the already activated or energized electromagnet. In particular, increases by distance of the lock bolt acting as an anchor from the current-applied electromagnet Current consumption too. This current increase of the current that was previously supplied with current for bank release Electromagnets when transferring the lock bolt into the Open position is an indication of the opening process currently taking place evaluated and visualized via a display device, in particular a control lamp. Similarly, during the closing movement of the lock bolt along of the open magnetic yoke of the electromagnet, whose current consumption is increasing less. This reduction in the current consumption of the current-carrying device Electromagnet is used as a sign of something that is currently in the closing phase Locker rated and displayed accordingly and for switching off the Electromagnet power supply used. This will make the electromagnet deactivated and the lock bolt lock reactivated. The disadvantage is that the with the movement of the lock bolt during the closing or opening process associated change in the current consumption of the electromagnet is only an indication for just activated locks and a query of the respective operating states any locker locks are not possible.

DE 32 24 753 A1 is a security lock, in particular a lock for one Locker with a lock bolt that can be operated via a customer key and with an electromagnetically adjustable locking lever assigned to this lock bolt described. An opening movement of the lock bolt is only at additional activation of the electromagnet and resulting Swiveling of the locking lever possible. To record the opening or The locked state of the lock is the end area facing away from the lock housing of the lock bolt a contact element, e.g. in the form of a contact switch, or a non-contact sensor assigned. This contact element has the task of the position to report the lock bolt to a control and / or monitoring device. The disadvantage here is that the installation effort to determine the respective positions the lock bolt is high due to the additional wiring effort.

EP 0 264 491 A1 discloses a security device for access doors, in which an electrical control device for the locking devices for locking the doors is provided. Furthermore, an independent sensor device is in Form of an inductive coil provided for detecting the door position and with the electrical control device connected. The disadvantage here is that the independent, non-contact sensor arrangement for detecting the door position in addition to the electrical locking or release elements is arranged and thereby additional Installation effort entails and requires a certain amount of space.

EP 0 316 691 A1 describes a device for monitoring the closed state a closing member that can be moved back and forth between an open and a closed position is revealed. To generate a characteristic signal via the In the closed state, a circuit is attached to the sliding closure member with a further, arranged on a frame around the closure member, second circuit is inductively in operative connection. This is supposed to be cable connections between the movable closure member and the stationary frame of the closure member to be dispensed with. The disadvantage here is that to monitor the closed state a separate circuit, in particular an inductive element must be, which has no locking or locking function and therefore means a considerable additional effort.

The subject of FR 2 583 454 A1 relates to an alarm device for safes or Security container in which the cavity of the safe is used as a sound box and any change in the characteristic values of this cavity for transmission of an alarm signal. The safe is connected to a via a coaxial cable Transmitter connected. Part of this cable is inductive with an amplifier circuit coupled. In the event that the safe is manipulated or opened, it swings the chamber with a different frequency, caused by a changed transmission frequency of the transmitter is recognized. The disadvantage here is that in addition to the actual Locking devices for the locker system a separate alarm device for Detection of special conditions is arranged.

FR 2 534 392 A1 describes a locking system which has a main and has a locking bolt assigned to it. Both the main and the locking latch can be moved via an inductive coil. The locking bolt is there trained such that he can engage in corresponding recordings in the main bolt and can lock it. Both coils are used briefly with electrical energy acted upon, the locking bolt releases the main bolt and the main bolt is shifted accordingly at the same time. If the energy supply is then ended, falls the locking bolt in another recess and fixes the main bolt in the new one Position. With this device, a locking of the main bolt can be achieved, however, it is not possible to determine the state of the locking system.

Furthermore, a lock system is disclosed in EP 0 096 400 A2, the one Main and a locking bolt assigned to it, which via an electric drive device is remotely operable. For monitoring the lock status is the main bolt lockable via the locking mechanism, a position transmitter, in particular a contact switch is assigned the corresponding information about the position of the main bolt forwards to a control device. The disadvantage is that the exact adjustment of the position transmitter required for proper function additional effort and proper function after a long time The lock system cannot be used for a long time.

In WO 89/11016 A1 is a locker system with several mechanical Locks described lockable lockers. The keyhole of one An additional lock is assigned to the mechanically actuated lock, that via a disc-shaped, remotely operable locking member depending on one Access authorization releases or covers the keyhole. The locking member can several sensors are assigned, which detect the position of the same and output corresponding control signals to a control device. The disadvantage is that the additionally attached lock needs its own energy supply and therefore to lay additional power supply or signal lines are.

The present invention is therefore based on the object of a locker system to create the type mentioned in the simple way by monitoring devices a simple determination and display of the operating states achieved becomes.

This object of the invention is achieved by those specified in claims 1 and 23, respectively Features resolved. A major advantage of the claimed item or Method according to claim 1 or 23 is that to determine the current Operating state of the locker not only a movement of a sub-component of the lock is required and at the moment of this movement the changes of the Inductance of the coil must be recognized, but rather the static state or the static inductance of the coil for determining the operating state of the locker is used. This makes it possible that the operating status of the lockers continuously monitored and checked in succession at relatively short intervals can be. Because there are no movements to identify the locker status can be required at any time with the system according to the invention Subject status of any locker can be queried. With the invention Subject or procedure is therefore possible at any time a dedicated Query of the operating status of the lockers and to be able to do so not dependent on parts movements on the locker carried out by the locker customer to be so that the respective change is recognizable. Another essential one Advantage is achieved in that for the query of the current operating state current operating state or the target state of the lockers has not changed is, or as already mentioned, need not be changed. In advantageous The way is in the short time intervals in which the query of the locker status changes in the respective operating status of the locker impossible by unauthorized persons. Another advantage of this solution is that it is only possible by arranging electrical circuit parts in the door frame, a remotely operable bank lock with one having a locking bolt and a main bolt Lock for a safe, especially a locker. To comes that the energy consumption can be kept low because with the locking bolt no closing or locking process has to be carried out, but only the locking bolt for a short period of time during the operation of the lock, must be acted upon and, moreover, is advantageously a simple one Detection and display of the operating states in monitoring devices reached.

An embodiment variant according to claim 2 is also advantageous, as a result of which only over the period of time over which authorized access to the safe or locker it is possible to apply the electromagnet.

In a further development according to claim 3 it is advantageous that a larger, parallel to the electromagnet running surface of the locking bolt is available allows a higher contact area to the electromagnet, which means even with a relative small locking bolt a corresponding retention force for the locking bolt for actuation of the lock is achieved with the safe or locker released.

Another development of the invention is described in claim 4. Of the The advantage of this solution compared to the use of a soft iron core is that that the remanence is low and an undesirable retention of the locking bar When the electromagnet is not applied, it is safely switched off, which ensures high functional reliability without additional mechanical or electrical control devices is possible.

In the embodiment according to claim 5 it is advantageous that a safe function of the electromagnet is achieved with a simple arrangement of the coil.

An embodiment according to claim 6 is advantageous, since additional recordings are thereby made for the coil can be saved and the installation in the door frame confined space is possible.

The embodiment according to claim 7 advantageously enables independent Eliminate manufacturing tolerances between the electromagnet and the locking bolt. Through the elastic intermediate links over which the electromagnet is supported on the door frame, the electromagnet can with an existing Move the air gap towards the locking bar, i.e. in the direction of the locking bar. thereby the air gap can be eliminated and a high holding force with a small electromagnet be achieved.

Another embodiment describes claim 8. This has the advantage that an electromagnet rigidly arranged in the door frame due to the mobility of the Possible manufacturing or dimensional tolerances in the contact surface in the direction of attraction of the electromagnet balanced and the contact surface is applied to the electromagnet without air gaps can be.

Further advantages to the following claims are in the description below specified.

The invention is described below with reference to the exemplary embodiments shown in the drawings explained in more detail.

Fig. 1

einen Teil einer Schließfachanlage mit Safes bzw. Schließfächern und einer Steuerelektronik in vereinfachter schematischer Darstellung;

Fig. 2

ein Schließfach in Draufsicht geschnitten, gemäß den Linien II-II in Fig.1;

Fig. 3

das Schließfach in Seitenansicht geschnitten, gemäß den Linien III-III in Fig.2;

Fig. 4

einen Teil des Schließfaches nach Fig.3 in Seitenansicht mit einer anderen Stellung des Sperriegels;

Fig. 5

der Türrahmen des Schließfaches in Stirnansicht bei geschlossener Tür, geschnitten gemäß den Linien V-V in Fig.2;

Fig. 6

den Türrahmen mit dem erfindungsgemäßen Schloß in Seitenansicht, geschnitten gemäß den Linien VI-VI in Fig.2;

Fig. 7

ein Blockschaltbild einer Steuereinrichtung für ein erfindungsgemäß ausgebildetes Schloß;

Fig. 8

ein Diagramm des Stromverlaufes in einer zu einem Schließfach führende Leitung bei unterschiedlichen Betriebszuständen des Schließfaches;

Fig. 9

ein Diagramm mit dem Impulsverlauf in einer zu den Schlössern mehrerer Schließfächer führenden Leitung.

Show it:

Fig. 1

a part of a locker system with safes or lockers and control electronics in a simplified schematic representation;

Fig. 2

a locker cut in plan view, according to lines II-II in Fig.1;

Fig. 3

the locker cut in side view, according to lines III-III in Figure 2;

Fig. 4

part of the locker of Figure 3 in side view with a different position of the locking bolt;

Fig. 5

the door frame of the locker in front view with the door closed, cut according to the lines VV in Fig.2;

Fig. 6

the door frame with the lock according to the invention in side view, cut along the lines VI-VI in Figure 2;

Fig. 7

a block diagram of a control device for a lock designed according to the invention;

Fig. 8

a diagram of the current profile in a line leading to a locker in different operating states of the locker;

Fig. 9

a diagram with the pulse curve in a line leading to the locks of several lockers.

In Figure 1, a locker system 1 with a plurality of lockers 2 is simplified shown a schematic diagram. The locker system 1 is e.g. arranged in a vault 3 of a bank 4. Access to vault 3 is via an access door 5, for example through a lattice door or during the Night hours can be formed by a reinforced door, possible. To get access to To enable locker system 1 is in the vestibule 6 of the vault 3 or in one another room of the bank set up a control point 7. This includes one Screen workstation 8 and possibly in card reader 9. The screen workstation 8 and the card reader 9 are, for example, via a data line 10 connected to a central control unit 11. To this central control unit 11 is also a log printer 12 and another card reader 9 in the area of the access door 5 connected. Via a bus system 13, or a corresponding one in smaller systems Data cable, the locker system 1 is also with the central control unit 11 connected. Each of the lockers 2 is closed with a door element 14 which a locking device 15 is assigned. This locking device 15 has a mechanical Castle 16.

If a user or owner of a locker 2 wants to visit his locker, so he has to identify himself, for example, at screen workstation 8 by using a control card made available to him in the form of a check card or the like in the Introduces card reader or fills out a form prepared by the clerk and signed. The counter clerk then has the option of using the screen workstation enter the respective customer number or the name of the user, whereupon the corresponding signature or personal on the screen Data, such as a photo or the like, are presented so that it can undergo a personality check can make. Is the check in accordance with the safety regulations The bank official can proceed positively via the screen workstation and the central control unit 11 the respective locker 2 for access by the User approved. The user then goes into the area of the access door 5, where, if necessary, after checking the access authorization again Use of the card reader 9 receives access to the vault 3. In vault 3 he can now use his key to lock his 2, its schematic additional lock 17, represented by a box, via the central control unit 11 or has been unlocked from the workstation 8, open it. This additional lock 17 is commonly referred to as a bank lock.

2 to 6 show an embodiment of a locking device 15 for a door element 14 a locker 2 shown. These lockers 2 are in a body with profiles 18 installed, which is formed from armored walls 19. Between these are door elements used, which in turn attached to the armored walls 19 via hinges 20 are. This locking device 15 comprises a mechanical lock 16. For actuation of the mechanical lock 16, a keyhole 21 is arranged in the door element, via which a key 22 can be inserted into a locking mechanism 23 can. The locking mechanism 23 is in movement connection with a main bolt 24. The closing movement of the main bolt 24 can optionally by a spring 25 are supported. The lock 16 has one with a drive 26 if necessary lockable locking bolt 27, which is adjustable perpendicular to the door element 14 and, like the main bolt 24, the profile 18 of the armored wall in a bore 28 19 penetrates in a bore 29 when the lock is locked. The lock bolt 27 facing and arranged in the profile 18 drive 26 is for example as an electromagnet educated. The locking bolt 27 is on a pivot axis 30 on the main bolt 24 is arranged, rotatably mounted. To prevent the locking bolt 27 move during operation of the lock 16 relative to the main bolt 24 can, the locking bolt 27 in openings 31 in a lock housing 32, with correspond to the holes 29 in the profile 18, at least in terms of height, preferably however, in terms of height and side.

A locking bolt 33 is arranged between the main bolt 24 and the locking bolt 27, which interacts with a stop 34 provided in the lock housing 32. The locking bolt 33 is also rotatably mounted on the pivot axis 30. Furthermore it is via a guide pin 35 projecting in the direction of the locking bolt 27 an elongated hole or an elongated hole-shaped recess 36. On the from Guide pin 35 facing away from the pivot axis 30 is the locking bar 33 connected via a tension spring 37 to the locking bolt 27, so that in the locked state the lock 16 of the locking bolt 33 which, drawn in full lines in FIG Takes position.

The drive 26 is formed by an electromagnet 38 which has a coil 39 and a Has a U-shaped iron core 40. The iron core 40 is preferably made from a plurality of dynamo sheets 41 which are opposed to the use of a Soft iron core than iron core 40 have a lower remanence and thereby prevent that even at times when the coil 39 is not energized is applied, a holding force is exerted on the locking bolt 27. As can be seen is the iron core 40 in a direction indicated by a dash-dotted line Lock plane 42 arranged vertically extending plane. End faces 43 of the U-shaped Legs are flat contact surfaces 44 which are aligned parallel to the locking plane 42 are assigned. This creates a large contact area between the iron core 40 and the locking bolt 27 reached.

The coil 39 is connected to the central control unit 11 via lines 45. The Connection can be made via a bus system or via single conductors or multiple conductors or all arbitrary line systems known from the prior art take place.

As can now be seen better from the overview of FIGS. 2 to 4, is when the lock 16 is locked, the locking bolt 33 is drawn in full lines in FIG Position. If the control point 7 now tries to release the lock 16 to lock with the key 22, the main bolt 24 moves accordingly an arrow 46 - Fig.3 - in the direction of the locking mechanism 23. Here - when the Drive 26 is not activated - the locking bolt 27 shown in its full lines in Fig.3 Position taken until it is in the position shown in dashed lines runs up to the stop 34. Taking the locking bar 33 between the in Figure 3 in the full and dashed position shown, via the pivot pin 30 and the guide pin 35 which engages in the recess 36 on the locking bolt 27. The relative position between the locking bar 33 and the locking bar 27 is thereby fixed by the tension spring 37.

If the locking bolt 33 now runs up against the stop 34, it tries to lock the locking bolt 27 about the pivot pin 30 counterclockwise about the guide pin 35 twist. Due to the height guidance of the locking bolt 27 in the opening 31 of the lock housing 32, the locking bolt 27 can, however, in the counterclockwise direction can not be rotated, and it is thereby on the pivot axis 30 further movement of the main bolt 24 in the direction of arrow 46 - that is, in the opening direction - prevented. As from the position shown in the dashed line Front side 47 of the main bolt 24 can be seen, this main bolt 24 is located at the time when its further movement in the direction of arrow 46 is blocked is, still within the bore 28 in the profile 18 of the armored wall 19. This is a Opening of the door element 14 is reliably prevented.

The door element 14 can therefore only by a violent opening process be opened. To recognize this or to break open the door element 14 prevent, can be provided for example in the profile 18, transmitter 48, the can be connected to the central control unit 11 via a line 49. This Transducers 48 can both be used to determine unusual vibrations - how they occur during burglary attempts - or of elevated temperatures like them for example, when trying to weld the door element 14, formed be.

Of course, it is also possible to provide any other safety device. So transducers can of course also in the door element 14 via appropriate Connection lines or wireless connections to the central control unit 11 be connected.

If, on the other hand, the door element 14 is to be opened by an authorized user, thus the drive 26, in particular the coil 39, is supplied with current. Through the resulting electromagnetic force between the legs of the iron core 40, is also made of a metal locking bolt 27 on the end faces 43 of the Iron core 40 pulled up and fixed in position. For possible dimensional inaccuracies or manufacturing tolerances when installing the locking bolt 27 or Compensating drive 26 can, as indicated schematically in Fig.2, the Pivot axis 30 have a greater length than this due to the width of the locking bolt 27 of the main bolt 24 and the locking bolt 33 would be necessary. This is it is possible that the locking bolt 27 the inclined position indicated by dashed lines - Fig.2 - can take and therefore in perpendicular to the locking plane 42 Directions a tolerance compensation between the end faces 43 of the electromagnet 38 and the contact surfaces 44 of the locking bolt 27 can take place.

The function of the lock 16 for authorized unlocking is now as follows:

After inserting the key 22 into the locking mechanism 23 and turning it around the same, is acting on the main bolt 24 in the direction of arrow 46 Traction exerted. As a result, the pivot axis 30 also moves in the direction of arrow 46. After the locking bolt 27 in its position, but now by the drive 26 is fixed, the main bolt 24 against the action of the tension spring 37 moved relative to the locking bolt 27 in the direction of arrow 46. This shifts the pivot axis 30 also extends in a parallel to the main bolt 24 Slot 50 up to the position shown in full lines in FIG. After the Locking latch 33, however, can be rotated on the pivot axis 30 essentially without play is mounted, is by means of this guide pin 35 which through the recess 36 is held in position in the locking bolt 27, the locking bolt 33 around the Swivel axis 30 is pivoted into the position shown in full lines in FIG.

In this pivoted position of the locking bar 33, it is located above of the stop 34 and the pivot axis 30 lies on that facing the locking mechanism 23 End of the slot 50 on. This is now the full, through the locking mechanism on the main bolt 24 pulling force on the pivot axis 30 also transferred to the locking bolt 27. Is now the adhesive force of the drive 26th dimensioned such that the key 22 applied in the direction of arrow 46 Tensile force is greater, the locking bolt 27 becomes counter to the adhesive force of the drive 26 retracted into the lock housing 32 so that both the main bolt 24 and also pull the locking bolt 27 out of the openings 28 and 29 in the profile 18 and release the movement of the door element 14.

This is particularly possible because the movement of the main and locking bolt 24,27 is no longer hindered by the locking bolt 33 after it is above of the stop 34 is located.

If the opening movement of the main bolt 24 in the direction of arrow 46 has ended, then snaps the locking bolt 33 due to the action of the tension spring 37 in the in Fig.4 in position shown by dashed lines.

If the locker 2 is to be locked again by the authorized user, so the main bolt 24 with the key 22 against the arrow 46 in the direction of the profile 18 moves. About the tension spring 37 and the pivot axis 30 or Guide pin 35, the locking bolt 27 and the locking bolt 33 is taken. If the locking bar 33 now runs onto the stop 34, it becomes about the pivot axis 30 rotated, whereby the guide pin 35 moves in the direction of the profile 18 is and therefore there is a relative movement between the locking bolt 27 and the Main bolt 24 comes. As a result, the locking bolt 27 hurries the main bolt 24 slightly in front. This relative movement of the locking bolt 27 relative to the main bolt 24 is ended by a height 51 of the stop 34 or a length 52 of the elongated hole 50. The resulting from the rotation of the locking bolt 33 about the guide axis 30 Relative position of the locking bolt 27 with respect to the main bolt 24 due to the guide pin 35 leads to the adjustment of a stop edge 53 in the direction of the main bolt 24 by a distance 54, which is greater than the height 51, which is why the locking bar 33 can pass the stop 34.

After passing the stop 34 by the locking bolt 33, this snaps due to the action of the tension spring 37 back into its rest position shown in FIG back.

It can further be seen from the illustrations in FIGS. 5 and 6 that the coil 39 is only one Leg 55 of the U-shaped iron core 40 is assigned.

The iron core 40 is inserted in a support body 56 made of plastic, which with a projecting in the direction of the profile 18, elastically deformable bracket 57 in the folded Area of the profile 18 can be snapped. An end plate serves as an abutment 58, - shown in Fig.2 and 6 - the one hand, the opening 29 for the locking bolt 27th limited and on the other hand braced with an end edge 59 against an end edge 60. At the same time, this end plate 58 serves to isolate the iron core 40 from the metal profile 18.

At the same time, this end plate 58 serves as a low-friction guide for the locking bolt 27. This plastic body 56 also favors the insulated suspension of the drive 26 in the profile 18 forming the armored wall 19 Protective measures are dispensed with and it is also a negative influence of the magnetic flux in the drive 26 switched off to a high degree. This can through the use of special electrically highly resistant plastics get supported.

It is essential for the function of the lock 16 according to the invention that the locking bolt 27 is not blocked in its blocking position, but only by an elevated position Friction due to the electromagnetic field retained up to a maximum tensile force the movement of the locking bolt 27 is released after it has been exceeded is. Is namely the remanence of the iron core 40 or the remaining residual magnetism of the drive 26 higher than the tensile force, which is on the main bolt 24 the locking bolt 27 can be exercised, it may be possible that the Lock is constantly blocked and can only be opened using force can.

In FIG. 7, the function of is based on a block diagram of the central control unit 11 Release of the formed by the locking bolt 27 in connection with the drive 26 Bank lock of the castle 16 described.

The central control unit 11 comprises a computer 61, which has several memories 62, 63, which can, for example, only be readable memories, connected is. Furthermore, there is one input unit 64 and one on the computer 61 Monitoring device 65 connected. The computer 61 is with an energy source 66 connected, on which also a plurality of drives 26, for individual locks 16, are connected. Each of these drives 26 is via an electronic switch 67 connected to a collecting line 68, which with a current measuring device 69 a return line to the energy source 66 is connected. In addition, the computer is 61 connected to a bus system or a central cable via a conversion module. The function of the central control unit 11 should now be based on the diagrams in FIGS 9 are explained in more detail.

Basically, the technical condition is checked whether the lock 16 is closed or is open or there is a fault in the electrical system based on the current increase, after switch 67 has been closed and that of a particular one Lock 16 associated drive 26 is applied to the current measuring device 69.

In FIG. 8, the time in microseconds is on the abscissa 70 and on the ordinate 71 the current is plotted in mA.

There are now two switching thresholds in the central control unit 11 or the computer 61 72.73 - indicated by dashed lines - specified. Now becomes a senior Connection between the energy source 66 and one of the drives 26 of the lockers 2 produced by closing a switch 67, the drive 26 via the Current measuring device 69 connected to a line leading back to energy source 66.

With the switching by means of the switch 67, a time measuring device becomes simultaneously activated, which begins with the time measurement or the counting of clock pulses. With the switching by means of the switch 67 increases due to the through the coil 39 formed inductance of the current according to an e-function. Exceeds the current one of the two switching thresholds 72 and 73, the measuring process of the time measuring device completed. At the same time when reaching through the switching thresholds 72 or 73 defined current of the switch 67 opened again and the power supply interrupted to coil 39.

The determined period of time is now a defining the operating state of the locker 2 Size and at the same time a measure of the inductance. Is the inductance for example twice as high, for example, twice the time is required to complete the To reach switching threshold 72. Furthermore, in one of the memories 62 and 63 different time ranges 74,75,76 defined. For example, the determined time falls into the time range 74, i.e. the switching threshold 72 becomes up to 850 microseconds over a period of time reached, this means that the magnetic field is not closed - the end faces 43 of the two legs of the iron core 40 are not over the locking bolt 27, as shown in Figure 6, for example - resulting in a low inductance, so that the current approx. 850 microseconds until the switching threshold is reached 72 needed. On the other hand, this means that the compartment is open because the locking bolt 27 is not located in the area of the drive 26 or the iron core 40.

In contrast, the determined time falls in the time range 75 between, for example, 850 to 3,000 microseconds, the inductance is very high because of the magnetic field Lock bolt 27 is closed, which takes a longer time until the current has reached the switching threshold 72. Due to mechanical tolerances and a changing air gap between the end faces 43 of the iron core 40 and In this case, the locking bolt 27 fluctuates the determined time between, for example 850 to 3,000 microseconds.

Therefore, if the determined time is in the time range 75, it can be assumed that the subject is closed and locked.

In contrast, the determined time lies in the time range 76, that is to say above a time period of 3,000 microseconds, a fault, for example a cable break, getting closed. In this case, the computer 61 sends a fault message to the Central control unit 11 or the monitoring device 65 or one connected to it Signaling and monitoring device 77.

On the other hand, if, for example, the switching threshold 73 is already exceeded in the time range 74, i.e. the current rises very quickly, it can be concluded that a There is a short circuit. In this case, the computer 61 reports to the central control unit 11 or to the monitoring device 65 this short circuit and switches that System or at least the defective locker 2 as a precaution to avoid damage to prevent the installed system components.

This procedure for monitoring the individual lockers 2 also has the advantage that due to the short duty cycle of the current and the determination of the measured value immediate shutdown, the coil 39 only a very small force exercises the locking bolt 27. Although this is advantageous to the locking bolt 27 to the end faces 43 of the iron core 40 and the air gap as small as possible hold. However, it is not sufficient to position the locking bolt 27 opposite keep the profile 18, in the event that in the fraction of a second in which the switching status of the locker 2 is checked, the lock 16 can be locked with the key 22 and opening or withdrawing the Main bolt 24 is possible. In addition to the high level of security, this also includes found a low energy consumption, which also undesirable Heating in the area of the coils 39 or iron cores 40 can be avoided.

In order for the locking bolt 27 to be good on the end faces, even with large mechanical tolerances 43 of the legs of the iron core 40, it is also possible to to let constant DC current of approx. 8 mA flow through each coil 39. this leads to neither to hold the locking bolt 27, nor does it interfere with the query whether the compartment is open or closed. But the difference between the two becomes clear Open or closed state of the locker 2 defined time range created.

This type of query is shown in FIG. 8 for the characteristic curve 78 drawn in full lines shown. The current strength increases, as a curve part 79 shows, for example 8 mA to a predetermined switching threshold 72 within 800 microseconds. When the switching threshold 72 is reached, the current turns to 8 according to the curve part 80 mA lowered, as the curve part 81 shows. After 4 ms, the Power turned on again and rises again according to the curve part 79 until he the Switching threshold 72 has reached again. Now agree the two times determined two queries carried out at intervals of 4 ms match this result recognized by the computer 61 as the correct result and in one of the memories 62 or 63 of the central control unit 11 filed. If the second query returns another after 4 ms Result, the result is recognized as a disturbance and rejected. After another The next locker becomes 4 ms of a properly executed query 2 queried for its state.

In the memories 62, 63 of the central control unit or the corresponding memories the computer 61 is always stored the last determined state of the subject, so that the current status of any locker 2 is queried at any time can be. Since the operating system used is multitasking capable, during the ongoing queries of the lockers 2, for example by the central control unit 11 queried and on the monitoring device 65 or the and monitoring device 77, for example a screen, graphically displayed become.

If there are any irregularities in these queries or is the Computer 61 found that a locker 2 not released for opening opened is, can via the previously specified monitoring devices 65 or Signaling and monitoring device 77 emit an alarm signal or an independent one Control units or police forces are alerted.

Using the diagram in FIG. 9, in which the time in ms and on the ordinate 83 is the current in mA, is the switching process to release a locker 2 or the current flow in a release of the Castle 26 effecting line shown.

If a locker 2 is now to be released for opening, the coil 39 will not only switched on briefly, as shown in the diagram in Fig. 8, but via powered for a long period of time. As a result, the coil 39 produces such a strong one Magnetic field in the iron core 40 that the locking bolt 27 with sufficient holding force can be restrained against the displacement effect of the main bolt 24. In order to can, as explained in detail with reference to the figures described above, the main latch 24 are withdrawn entirely into the lock housing 32 and the door element 14 can be opened.

To now also during the time during which a locker 2 is released for opening is to be able to monitor the other lockers 2 and at the same time, when the locker 2 is open, recognize the technical status, namely "open" to be able to, the power supply to the coil 39 is briefly switched off every 15 ms. While this time the power supply to the coil 39 of the locker to be checked switched on and, as described above using the diagram in Fig. 8, measured. Then the power supply to the registered locker 2 is immediately again manufactured.

In detail, the illustration in FIG. 9 now shows that, for example the current is switched on at time t = 0 and to a value above the switching threshold 72 is raised. This current is applied over a period of time from e.g. 10 to 25 ms, preferably 15 ms, are maintained, as is the case with the characteristic curve 84 is shown.

Thereafter, another locker 2 is opened for a period of time via a switch 67 about 2 to 10 ms, preferably 5 ms, switched on. The characteristic curve 85 shows the Electricity rise and fall for a locker 2, which is closed. This characteristic 85 is only shown schematically, because, as can be seen from the explanations for FIG can be seen, a double query can also take place during this time, in which case the Interval between two consecutive queries, for example, only 2 to 3 ms can be. In this case, the characteristic curve 85 would be the one drawn in dashed lines Take shape. After 2 to 7 ms have elapsed, the coil will be activated again 39 energized the locker that is open for opening. This again creates a current profile according to characteristic curve 84.

After a further period of 15 ms has elapsed, the query is then carried out, for example another locker, which again brings up the symbolically represented characteristic 85 arises. Immediately thereafter, the coil 39 is again provided for opening Locker 2 supplied with current according to characteristic curve 84.

In the next intermediate period in which the current application to the coil 39 is interrupted becomes, for example, as can be seen from the characteristic curve 86 Locker queried, which is open, whereby the time until the rise of the Current value on the switching threshold 72, as shown schematically, is lower than at the characteristic curves 85. If the central control unit 11 or the computer 61 is designed such that he carries out a polling rhythm, as he described using the diagram in Fig. 8 , the characteristic curve 86 would also in this representation the in dashed lines assume the shape indicated, i.e. two significantly narrower tips deliver than, for example, the characteristic curve 85, because with an open locker 2 the current rises to the threshold 72 in a time of less than 800 microseconds.

In summary, it should be noted that due to the lying between the characteristic curves 84 Interruptions in the power supply to the coils 39 the possibility of opening registered locker 2 to open, is not disturbed. These interruptions have the effect as if the coil 39 is not reduced to the full one, but only to a reduced one Operating voltage would have been applied. Through a correspondingly high choice the operating voltage, this can therefore weaken the power of the coil 39 compensate.

To prevent the locking bolt 27 on the iron core 40 as a result of this operating mode Remanence sticks, the iron core 40 is made up of several dynamo sheets 41 low remanence, and not made of soft iron. With appropriate design of the electrical parts, however, it is also possible to use soft iron cores.

Of course, several threshold values or time ranges can also be defined, to make an even finer distinction between the different operating states to be able to.

List of reference symbols

1

Locker system

2nd

locker

3rd

Vault

4th

Bank

5

Access door

6

Anteroom

7

Inspection body

8th

VDU workstation

9

Card reader

10th

Data line

11

Central control unit

12th

Log printer

13

Bus system

14

Door element

15

Locking device

16

Lock

17th

Additional lock

18th

profile

19th

Armored wall

20th

hinge

21

keyhole

22

key

23

Locking mechanism

24th

Main bolt

25th

feather

26

drive

27

Locking bolt

28

drilling

29

drilling

30th

Swivel axis

31

breakthrough

32

Lock housing

33

Locking latch

34

attack

35

Guide pin

36

Recess

37

Tension spring

38

Electromagnet

39

Kitchen sink

40

Iron core

41

Dynamo sheet

42

Lock level

43

Face

44

Contact surface

45

management

46

arrow

47

Face

48

Sensor

49

management

50

Long hole

51

height

52

length

53

Deflection edge

54

distance

55

leg

56

Supporting body

57

hanger

58

Faceplate

59

Faceplate

60

Faceplate

61

computer

62

Storage

63

Storage

64

Input unit

65

Monitoring device

66

Energy source

67

counter

68

Manifold

69

Manifold

70

Abscissa

71

ordinate

72

Switching threshold

73

Switching threshold

74

Time range

75

Time range

76

Time range

77

Message monitoring device

78

curve

79

Part of the curve

80

Part of the curve

81

Part of the curve

82

Abscissa

83

ordinate

84

curve

85

curve

86

curve

Claims (27)

1. Safe comprising a plurality of safe deposit boxes (2) and each with a door element (14) arranged adjustably in a frame and a locking mechanism (15), which comprises a lock (16) with a main bolt (24) that may be locked mechanically by a key and an electrically chargeable drive (26) in the form of a coil (39) for an existing securable locking bolt (27) and the coil (39) is assigned to the locking mechanism (15) and/or the door element (14), characterised in that the various actual operating states of any one of the safe deposit boxes (2) can be established by the inductance of the coil (39) at any point in time and during this query on the current operating status the existing operating state is not changed.
2. Safe according to claim 1, characterised in that the drive (26) is in the from of an if necessary chargeable electromagnet (38) immediately adjacent to the bores (29) for the locking bolt (27) in a bullet-proof wall (19), the electromagnet being activated in an open position of the lock (16).
3. Safe according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the locking bolt (27) comprises a mounting surface (44) parallel to its locking plane (42) which mounting surface (24) with a retracted locking bolt (27) extends into the bullet-proof wall (19) and the electromagnet (38) is assigned to said mounting surface (44) inside a profile (10) of the bullet-proof wall (19).
4. Safe according to one or more of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that an iron core (40) of the electromagnet (38) is formed by a dynamo sheet (41) in particular with low remanence.
5. Safe according to one or more of claims 1 to 4, characterised in that the electromagnet (38) is U-shaped and the end faces (43) of the two arms (55) of the bearing surface (44) of the locking bolt (27) are directly adjacent in the locked position.
6. Safe according to one or more of claims 1 to 5, characterised in that the coil (39) of the electromagnet (38) is arranged on an arm (55) of the dynamo sheet package.
7. Safe according to one or more of claims 1 to 6, characterised in that the electromagnet (38) is fastened fixed or immobily in a plane running parallel to the locking plane (42) of the locking bolt (27) and in a direction of movement perpendicular to this plane is supported by elastic intermediate members on the profile (18).
8. Safe according to one or more of claims 1 to 7, characterised in that a plate forming the mounting surface is secured onto the locking bolt (27) by elastic elements perpendicular to the locking plane (42) of the locking bolt (27) onto the latter, which plate is connected in motion with the locking bolt (27) without play in the direction of movement of the latter.
9. Safe according to one or more of claims 1 to 8, characterised in that a locking bolt (33) is arranged between the main bolt (24) and the locking bolt (27).
10. Safe according to one or more of claims 1 to 9, characterised in that the locking bolt (33) and the locking bolt (27) are arranged pivotably on a common swivel pin (30) which is secured onto the main bolt (24).
11. Safe according to one or more of claims 1 to 10, characterised in that the swivel pin (30) passes through the locking bolt (27) in an elongated hole (50) which extends parallel to a direction of movement arrow (46) of the locking bolt (27).
12. Safe according to one or more of claims 1 to 11, characterised in that the locking bolt (27) has a recess (36) extending approximately perpendicular to the elongated hole (50) in which a guide journal (35) of the locking bolt (33) engages.
13. Safe according to one or more of claims 1 to 12, characterised in that on the side of the swivel pin (30) opposite the guide journal (35) a tension spring (37) is arranged which at one end is arranged on the locking bolt (33) and at the other end on the locking bolt (27).
14. Safe according to one or more of claims 1 to 13, characterised in that a stop (34) is assigned to a stop edge (53) of the locking bolt (33) between a locking position of the locking bolt (27) and an opening position thereof.
15. Safe according to one or more of claims 1 to 14, characterised in that the stop (34) is arranged outside an enveloping circle surrounding the stop edges (53) with a middle point on the swivel pin (30).
16. Safe according to one or more of claims 1 to 15, characterised in that the length (52) of the elongated hole (50) corresponds to the swivel angle of the stop edge (53) on the enveloping circle, in which the stop edges (53) are arranged at a distance (54) perpendicular to the direction of movement of the locking bolt (27), which is greater than the height (51) of the stop (34).
17. Safe according to one or more of claims 1 to 16, characterised in that the coil (39) of the drive (26) of a locking mechanism for the locking bolt (27) is activated with a safe deposit box (2) released for opening.
18. Safe according to one or more of claims 1 to 17, characterised in that the activating of the coil (39) of the drive (26) is periodically interrupted, whereby the length of the interruption is a fraction of the period of current supply.
19. Safe according to one or more of claims 1 to 18, characterised in that an increase in current up to a first switching threshold (72) in a first time period (74) an opened safe deposit box (2) is indicated, and in that with a time period for the increase in current to the switching threshold (72) in a consecutive period (75) a signal indicating a locked lock (16) is emitted.
20. Safe according to one or more of claims 1 to 19, characterised in that on exceeding a second switching threshold (73) in a first time period (74), by the computer (61) a control signal indicating a short circuit is transmitted to the central control unit (11).
21. Safe according to one or more of claims 1 to 20, characterised in that a current of at least 4 mA, preferably 8 mA flows continually through the coil (39).
22. Safe according to one or more of claims 1 to 21, characterised in that the strength of current for activating the coil (39) in a safe deposit box (2) that is to be opened is higher than the switching threshold (72).
23. Method of monitoring the status of a plurality of safe deposit boxes, in which respectively for opening a coil (39) of a drive (26) for a locking mechanism of the locking bolt of the respective safe deposit box (2) is active with electricity, characterised in that the inductance of the coil (39) is established by a short period of active current relative to the opening, which does not change the operating state of the safety deposit box (2), and depending on the inductance of the operating state of the safe deposit box (2) is established and the operating status a different safe deposit box (2) is queried.
24. Method according to claim 23, characterised in that the coil (39) is active between two time measuring procedures with a current strength of at least 4 mA, preferably 8 mA.
25. Method according to claim 23 or 24, characterised in that a coil (39) of a safe deposit box (2) released for opening is active with current, the current strength of which is above the current level of the switching threshold (72).
26. Method according to claim 23 to 25, characterised in that the active current of a coil (39) for opening the safe deposit box (2) is interrupted intermittently, whereby the duration of the interruption is less than the duration of the active state.
27. Method according to claims 23 to 25, characterised in that during the interruption of the active current of the coil (39) charged to open the safe deposit box (2), the state of one or more other safe deposit boxes (2) is queried.

Images