EP0687967B1 - Source de courant stable en température - Google Patents
Source de courant stable en température Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0687967B1 EP0687967B1 EP95401363A EP95401363A EP0687967B1 EP 0687967 B1 EP0687967 B1 EP 0687967B1 EP 95401363 A EP95401363 A EP 95401363A EP 95401363 A EP95401363 A EP 95401363A EP 0687967 B1 EP0687967 B1 EP 0687967B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- transistor
- transistors
- current
- current source
- gate
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05F—SYSTEMS FOR REGULATING ELECTRIC OR MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G05F3/00—Non-retroactive systems for regulating electric variables by using an uncontrolled element, or an uncontrolled combination of elements, such element or such combination having self-regulating properties
- G05F3/02—Regulating voltage or current
- G05F3/08—Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable is DC
- G05F3/10—Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable is DC using uncontrolled devices with non-linear characteristics
- G05F3/16—Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable is DC using uncontrolled devices with non-linear characteristics being semiconductor devices
- G05F3/20—Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable is DC using uncontrolled devices with non-linear characteristics being semiconductor devices using diode- transistor combinations
- G05F3/30—Regulators using the difference between the base-emitter voltages of two bipolar transistors operating at different current densities
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05F—SYSTEMS FOR REGULATING ELECTRIC OR MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G05F3/00—Non-retroactive systems for regulating electric variables by using an uncontrolled element, or an uncontrolled combination of elements, such element or such combination having self-regulating properties
- G05F3/02—Regulating voltage or current
- G05F3/08—Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable is DC
- G05F3/10—Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable is DC using uncontrolled devices with non-linear characteristics
- G05F3/16—Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable is DC using uncontrolled devices with non-linear characteristics being semiconductor devices
- G05F3/20—Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable is DC using uncontrolled devices with non-linear characteristics being semiconductor devices using diode- transistor combinations
- G05F3/26—Current mirrors
- G05F3/262—Current mirrors using field-effect transistors only
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S323/00—Electricity: power supply or regulation systems
- Y10S323/907—Temperature compensation of semiconductor
Definitions
- the invention lies in the field of circuits electronic devices using effect transistors fields with isolated grids to make sources of current. These circuits use so-called technology "MOS" and generally are in the form or form part of integrated circuits.
- MOS technology
- the invention relates more precisely current sources of this type which are designed to present some immunity to temperature variations.
- the ramp generators are for example used for programming or erasing cells memory constituting the programmable memories electrically erasable (EEPROM).
- a known assembly in MOS technology to achieve a power source is to use two mirrors of current using MOS transistors respectively p channel (PMOS) and n (NMOS), the NMOS transistors having different threshold values (see diagram of figure 1).
- PMOS p channel
- NMOS n
- the currents flowing in the branches of this circuit are approximately proportional to the mobility of the NMOS transistors and to the square of the difference from their threshold values. It results that the currents are in fact very dependent of temperature because mobility as well as the square of the difference in threshold values vary very strongly depending on the temperature.
- the invention aims to provide a solution simple and effective to this problem in the case of current sources.
- the subject of the invention is a current source comprising a current mirror intended to supply a first current proportional to a second current in a given ratio, a first and a second transistor having different threshold voltages and having undergone a different ion implantation, said current source being characterized in that said first and second transistors are field effect with isolated gates, their sources being related to a first common potential, the drain and the grid of the first transistor being connected to the gate of the second transistor via a resistor, in that that said second current directly feeds the channel of said second transistor, in that said first current supplies the channel of said first transistor by through said resistance, in that said first and second transistors are doped so that that the conduction threshold of the second transistor be higher than that of the first transistor and in that the dimensional ratio of a transistor being defined as the ratio of the width to the length of its grid, the first and second transistors are dimensioned with so that the dimensional ratio of the first transistor be proportional to that of the second transistor in said given ratio.
- this structure is to impose across the resistance a potential difference equal to the difference of the first and second threshold values transistors.
- the current is therefore proportional to this difference and no longer its square.
- the difference in threshold values is not very dependent on temperature variations. It follows that the current will also be little dependent on these variations.
- the calculation shows that the difference in threshold values is approximately proportional at absolute temperature.
- resistance achieved by diffusion with low doping is also proportional to the absolute temperature.
- the resistance is realized by diffusion or implantation of impurities in the integrated circuit substrate with sufficient doping low so that the resistance value varies linearly as a function of temperature.
- the choice of a lightly doped diffused resistance does not does not, however, allow a little resistance bulky and having a very high value, which implies that the current flowing through it cannot be as weak as you would like. Also, with a view to compensate for this constraint, the ratio between the first and the second current will be advantageously chosen greater than unity.
- the current source is characterized in what said first and second transistors are n-channel MOS transistors and in that said mirror current is achieved by means of third and fourth p-channel MOS transistors having their gates connected between them and their sources linked to a second potential greater than said first potential, said the third transistor being mounted as a diode, said third and fourth transistors being provided for provide respectively said first and second currents in said given ratio.
- the invention further provides that said mirror current has a component with resistance significant dynamics in relation to the value of said resistance, said component being connected between the drain of the third transistor and the gate of the second transistor.
- said component is a fifth n-channel MOS transistor, the drain of which is connected to the drain of said third transistor, the source of which is connected to the gate of the second transistor and whose gate is connected to the drain of the second transistor.
- the fifth transistor mounted on the indicated way has the interesting property of ensuring the state of saturation of the second transistor, regardless of the supply voltage.
- FIG. 1 represents a known diagram of a source of current. It consists of a current mirror 1 formed of two p-channel MOS transistors PM0 and PM1 supplying the currents J0 and J1 respectively to the NM0 and NM1 n-channel MOS transistors whose sources are connected to a common potential Vss which can be by example the mass of the circuit and whose grids are interconnected.
- One of the NM1 transistors is mounted diode and is doped so as to present a threshold higher than the second NM0 transistor.
- NM0 transistor will be for example a native transistor, that is to say of which the channel has the same p-type doping as the substrate, having a threshold of about 0.2 volts while the NM1 transistor is enriched by boron implantation in the substrate so as to give it a threshold about 0.8 volts.
- J1 k (VT1-VT0) 2 where VT0 and VT1 are respectively the threshold values of the transistors NM0 and NM1, k being a coefficient dependent on the mobilities of the transistors of the circuit.
- Figure 2 represents the diagram of a source of current according to the invention.
- the current I1 feeds the drain d of a MOS transistor at channel n N1 whose source is connected to the potential Vss.
- Current I0 feeds the drain a of another transistor NOS channel N0 via a resistor A.
- the transistor N0 is mounted as a diode and therefore has its grid connected to its drain a.
- the gate of transistor N1 is connected to connection point b of resistance R to the current mirror 1.
- the load Z is placed in series with another n3 N channel MOS transistor whose gate is connected to the drain a of transistor N0 so as to form a mirror current.
- the transistors N0 and N1 are doped differently from so that the threshold VT1 of transistor N1 is higher than that VT0 of transistor N0.
- the transistor N0 is for example a native transistor and the transistor N1 is said to be "enriched" thanks to p-type doping additional channel.
- the voltage across the resistor R is equal to the difference of the threshold values VT1 and VT0 transistors N1 and N0.
- the current I0 therefore depends on this difference and the value of resistance R but no longer depends on mobility.
- VT1-VT0 is practically proportional at the absolute temperature T and is not very sensitive to its variations.
- the value of the resistance R is practically proportional to the absolute temperature T.
- the current I0 is therefore practically independent of the temperature.
- Mirror 1 is produced by means of of two p-channel MOS transistors P0, P1 having their interconnected grids and their sources connected to a supply potential Vdd greater than the potential Vss.
- the P0 transistor is mounted as a diode thanks to the connection between its drain c and its grid.
- a third n-channel MOS transistor N2 having its drain connected to the drain c of transistor P0, its source connected to the gate of transistor N1 and its gate connected to the drain of transistor N1.
- the transistor N2 thus arranged has for effect of ensuring operation in saturated mode of the transistor N1. Furthermore, if the potential Vdd supply is high enough compared at voltage drops from the drain-source paths of transistors, transistors N2 and P1 are polarized in saturated diet. The transistor N2 in saturated regime then presents an important dynamic impedance which has has the effect of absorbing voltage variations feed. The circuit is therefore both stable in supply temperature and voltage.
- a transistor will be chosen for N2 lightly doped, for example a native transistor, so that it has a low threshold voltage thus facilitating its polarization in saturated regime.
- the saturation condition of all transistors is that the supply voltage be greater than the sum of the threshold voltages of transistors that make up each branch of the assembly.
- transistors P0, P1 as well as N2 will preferably be dimensioned so as to present the lowest possible static impedance in order to allow correct operation for low supply voltage values.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Nonlinear Science (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Control Of Electrical Variables (AREA)
- Amplifiers (AREA)
Description
- La figure 1 représente le schéma d'une source de courant selon l'état de la technique.
- La figure 2 représente le schéma de la source de courant selon l'invention.
- La figure 3 représente un mode de réalisation préférentiel de l'invention.
- La figure 4 représente une variante du schéma de la figure 3.
- La figure 5 représente le montage dual du schéma de la figure 3.
- k1 et k2 dépendent de la mobilité des électrons et de la capacité des grilles par unité de surface,
- W0/L0 et W1/L1 sont les rapports dimensionnels (rapport de la largeur à la longueur) des grilles des transistors N0 et N1,
- Va et Vb sont les potentiels de grille des transistors N0 et N1.
- A = 1,58 10-3 V/K
- B = 2,8 10-17 V/(K)½
Claims (9)
- Source de courant comportant un miroir de courant (1) prévu pour fournir un premier courant (I0) proportionnel à un second courant (I1) dans un rapport donné (β), un premier et un second transistor ayant des tensions de seuil différentes et ayant subi une implantation ionique différente, ladite source de courant étant caractérisée en ce que lesdits premiers et second transistors sont a effet de champ à grilles isolées, leurs sources étant reliées à un premier potentiel commun (Vss), le drain et la grille (a) du premier transistor (N0) étant reliés à la grille (b) du second transistor (N1) par l'intermédiaire d'une résistance (R), en ce que ledit second courant (Il) alimente directement le canal dudit second transistor (N1), en ce que ledit premier courant (I0) alimente le canal dudit premier transistor (N0) par l'intermédiaire de ladite résistance (R), en ce que lesdits premier et second transistors (N0, N1) sont dopés de façon à ce que le seuil de conduction (VT1) du second transistor (N1) soit supérieur à celui (VT0) du premier transistor (N0) et en ce que, le rapport dimensionnel d'un transistor étant défini comme le rapport de la largeur à la longueur de sa grille, les premier et second transistors (N0, N1) sont dimensionnés de façon à ce que le rapport dimensionnel du premier transistor (N0) soit proportionnel à celui du second transistor (N1) dans ledit rapport donné (β).
- Source de courant selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce qu'elle fait partie d'un circuit intégré et en ce que ladite résistance (R) est réalisée par diffusion ou implantation d'impuretés dans le substrat du circuit intégré avec un dopage suffisamment faible pour que la valeur de ladite résistance (R) varie linéairement en fonction de la température.
- Source de courant selon la revendication 2, caractérisée en ce que ledit rapport donné (β) est supérieur à l'unité.
- Source de courant selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisée en ce que lesdits premier et second transistors (N0, N1) sont des transistors MOS à canal n et en ce que ledit miroir de courant (1) est réalisé au moyen de troisième et quatrième transistors MOS à canal p (P0, P1) ayant leurs grilles reliées entre elles et leurs sources reliées à un second potentiel (Vdd) supérieur audit premier potentiel (Vss), ledit troisième transistor (P0) étant monté en diode, lesdits troisième et quatrième transistors (P0, P1) étant prévus pour fournir respectivement lesdits premier et second courants (I0, I1) dans ledit rapport donné (β).
- Source de courant selon la revendication 4, caractérisée en ce que le rapport dimensionnel dudit troisième transistor (P0) est proportionnel à celui du quatrième transistor (P1) dans ledit rapport donné (β).
- Source de courant selon la revendication 4 ou 5, caractérisée en ce que ledit miroir de courant (1) comporte un composant (N2) présentant une résistance dynamique importante par rapport à la valeur de ladite résistance (R), ledit composant (N2) étant branché entre le drain (c) du troisième transistor (P0) et la grille (b) du second transistor (N1).
- Source de courant selon la revendication 6, caractérisée en ce que ledit composant (N2) est un cinquième transistor MOS à canal n, dont le drain est relié au drain (c) dudit troisième transistor (P0), dont la source est reliée à la grille (b) du second transistor (N1) et dont la grille est reliée au drain (d) du second transistor (N1).
- Source de courant selon la revendication 7, caractérisée en ce que ledit cinquième transistor (N2) est prévu pour avoir une valeur de seuil (VT2) inférieure à celle (VT1) du second transistor (N1).
- Source de courant selon l'une des revendications 4 à 8, caractérisée en ce que lesdits troisième et quatrième transistors (P0, P1) ont chacun une longueur de grille au moins égale à 4 µm.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR9407407 | 1994-06-13 | ||
FR9407407A FR2721119B1 (fr) | 1994-06-13 | 1994-06-13 | Source de courant stable en température. |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0687967A1 EP0687967A1 (fr) | 1995-12-20 |
EP0687967B1 true EP0687967B1 (fr) | 1998-04-08 |
Family
ID=9464311
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP95401363A Expired - Lifetime EP0687967B1 (fr) | 1994-06-13 | 1995-06-12 | Source de courant stable en température |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US5644216A (fr) |
EP (1) | EP0687967B1 (fr) |
JP (1) | JP2684600B2 (fr) |
DE (1) | DE69501980T2 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR2721119B1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2744303B1 (fr) * | 1996-01-31 | 1998-03-27 | Sgs Thomson Microelectronics | Dispositif pour neutraliser un circuit electronique lors de sa mise sous tension ou sa mise hors tension |
FR2744262B1 (fr) * | 1996-01-31 | 1998-02-27 | Sgs Thomson Microelectronics | Dispositif de reference de courant en circuit integre |
FR2744263B3 (fr) * | 1996-01-31 | 1998-03-27 | Sgs Thomson Microelectronics | Dispositif de reference de courant en circuit integre |
US5781188A (en) * | 1996-06-27 | 1998-07-14 | Softimage | Indicating activeness of clips and applying effects to clips and tracks in a timeline of a multimedia work |
US5977813A (en) * | 1997-10-03 | 1999-11-02 | International Business Machines Corporation | Temperature monitor/compensation circuit for integrated circuits |
US7211843B2 (en) * | 2002-04-04 | 2007-05-01 | Broadcom Corporation | System and method for programming a memory cell |
GB0211564D0 (en) * | 2002-05-21 | 2002-06-26 | Tournaz Technology Ltd | Reference circuit |
FR2891653A1 (fr) * | 2005-10-05 | 2007-04-06 | St Microelectronics Sa | Procede d'ecriture par bloc dans une memoire |
US7821331B2 (en) * | 2006-10-23 | 2010-10-26 | Cypress Semiconductor Corporation | Reduction of temperature dependence of a reference voltage |
US8085029B2 (en) | 2007-03-30 | 2011-12-27 | Linear Technology Corporation | Bandgap voltage and current reference |
CN102681592A (zh) * | 2012-05-22 | 2012-09-19 | 华为技术有限公司 | 电压基准电路 |
Family Cites Families (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS5249139B2 (fr) * | 1974-09-04 | 1977-12-15 | ||
US4300091A (en) * | 1980-07-11 | 1981-11-10 | Rca Corporation | Current regulating circuitry |
FR2494519A1 (fr) * | 1980-11-14 | 1982-05-21 | Efcis | Generateur de courant integre en technologie cmos |
GB2186453A (en) * | 1986-02-07 | 1987-08-12 | Plessey Co Plc | Reference circuit |
NL9001018A (nl) * | 1990-04-27 | 1991-11-18 | Philips Nv | Referentiegenerator. |
JPH04111008A (ja) * | 1990-08-30 | 1992-04-13 | Oki Electric Ind Co Ltd | 定電流源回路 |
NL9002392A (nl) * | 1990-11-02 | 1992-06-01 | Philips Nv | Bandgap-referentie-schakeling. |
CA2066929C (fr) * | 1991-08-09 | 1996-10-01 | Katsuji Kimura | Circuit capteur de temperature et circuit a courant constant |
-
1994
- 1994-06-13 FR FR9407407A patent/FR2721119B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1995
- 1995-05-31 US US08/454,926 patent/US5644216A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-06-12 DE DE69501980T patent/DE69501980T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1995-06-12 EP EP95401363A patent/EP0687967B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-06-13 JP JP7170389A patent/JP2684600B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JPH08123565A (ja) | 1996-05-17 |
FR2721119A1 (fr) | 1995-12-15 |
DE69501980D1 (de) | 1998-05-14 |
DE69501980T2 (de) | 1998-08-06 |
EP0687967A1 (fr) | 1995-12-20 |
FR2721119B1 (fr) | 1996-07-19 |
US5644216A (en) | 1997-07-01 |
JP2684600B2 (ja) | 1997-12-03 |
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