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EP0682352B1 - Régulateur d'énergie - Google Patents

Régulateur d'énergie Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0682352B1
EP0682352B1 EP19950303111 EP95303111A EP0682352B1 EP 0682352 B1 EP0682352 B1 EP 0682352B1 EP 19950303111 EP19950303111 EP 19950303111 EP 95303111 A EP95303111 A EP 95303111A EP 0682352 B1 EP0682352 B1 EP 0682352B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cam
regulator according
energy regulator
bimetal
compensator
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP19950303111
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0682352A3 (fr
EP0682352A2 (fr
Inventor
John Tooke
Nigel Marrison
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Samuel Montagu & Co Ltd (as Security Trustee Of Diamond H Controls Limited)
Original Assignee
Samuel Montagu & Co Ltd (as Security Trustee Of Diamond H Controls Limited)
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Samuel Montagu & Co Ltd (as Security Trustee Of Diamond H Controls Limited) filed Critical Samuel Montagu & Co Ltd (as Security Trustee Of Diamond H Controls Limited)
Priority to EP01201895A priority Critical patent/EP1143470A1/fr
Publication of EP0682352A2 publication Critical patent/EP0682352A2/fr
Publication of EP0682352A3 publication Critical patent/EP0682352A3/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0682352B1 publication Critical patent/EP0682352B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H37/00—Thermally-actuated switches
    • H01H37/02—Details
    • H01H37/10—Compensation for variation of ambient temperature or pressure
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H89/00—Combinations of two or more different basic types of electric switches, relays, selectors and emergency protective devices, not covered by any single one of the other main groups of this subclass
    • H01H89/04—Combination of a thermally actuated switch with a manually operated switch

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an energy regulator of the kind which incorporates a bimetal element.
  • bimetal strip It has long been common to utilise temperature-dependent deflection of a bimetal strip to fulfil a regulating function in a wide range of equipment, for example in domestic appliances such as cookers.
  • the bimetal strip is heated by a heating element in intimate contact with the active leg of the bimetal element which is contained within the regulator, specifically for that purpose.
  • the deflection is used to actuate a switch mechanism to open and close electrical contacts for the supply of power to the load.
  • the setting at which the bimetal strip actuates the switch mechanism is determined by a rotary cam arrangement.
  • a compensation element to compensate for variation in ambient temperature so that deflection of the bimetal strip is more accurately dependent on the temperature of the heating element which heats the bimetal strip. It is common practice to provide a primary switch for single pole operation and secondary switches for double pole and auxiliary functions operation within the same regulator, for example to isolate the regulator and load from the electrical supply when the regulator is set to the "off" position. Conveniently, this operates in response to a second rotary cam arrangement mounted on the same shaft as the cam which determines the switching effected by the bimetal element.
  • a common form of heating element for such a regulator is a ceramic substrate thick film heater.
  • Current methods of making electrical connection to ceramic substrate heaters have shortcomings in maintaining a reliable electrical connection at high ambient temperatures and heater power levels. Soldered connections are difficult to fuse (e.g. Ag to CuNi) and creep and melt points of HMP solder limit maximum safe operating temperatures. Mechanical rivet/tape compression types are prone to intermittent, i.e. high resistance, connection. Spring wiper connection types suffer from stress relaxation as well as friction and wear. The magnitude and degree of change of force experienced can adversely affect control performance.
  • US 3,238,780 discloses an ambient temperature compensated bimetal element having the features of the preamble of claim 1.
  • a unitary bimetal sheet formed in a V or L configuration with one limb being disposed approximately perpendicularly to a second limb. The limbs are joined at a web portion which is formed into a cylindrical shape to accept a pivot axle.
  • an energy regulator comprising a heating element and a primary limb responsive to the heating element and a compensator limb for compensating for the effects of ambient temperature fluctuation, the primary and compensator limbs being integrally formed from the same piece of bimetal and the bimetal element being mounted on a pivot member characterised in that the pivot member is flexible and in that the heating element is disposed in thermal contact only along a portion of the primary limb so that, upon flexion of the pivot member, the primary and compensator limbs, together with the heating element, pivot as a single rigid assembly.
  • a preferred embodiment of the invention incorporates an edge cam arrangement, by forming/bending the bimetal it can be arranged that the high expansion side of the bimetal is such that full ambient compensation is achievable, the design also makes economical use of an expensive material and simplifies assembly to the frictionless pivot.
  • the design therefore has the advantages of giving optimum compensation, elimination of bimetal constant variation problems and also enabled a low profile design of control to be considered.
  • the primary and compensator limbs are integral, e.g. formed by splitting a bimetal strip lengthways from one end along a part of its length.
  • This bimetal strip can be supported at its unsplit end.
  • the unsplit end of such a split bimetal strip can be supported on the pivot.
  • the energy regulator further comprises a heating element for heating the bimetal element such that deflection of the bimetal element effects a switching action.
  • the input power level of the heating element or heating effect of the heating element at which the bimetal element effects switching being determined by the position of a first cam surface upon which a first cam follower bears, the first cam follower being mechanically linked to said bimetal element, a second cam surface being mechanically integrally linked to said first cam surface and a second cam follower being arranged to bear upon said second cam surface to effect a first independent switching function at one or more predetermined regulator settings, wherein a third cam surface is also provided, mechanically integrally linked to said first and second cam surfaces and upon which a third cam follower bears for effecting a further independent switching function at one or more predetermined regulator settings.
  • the linked first, second and third cams can be in any suitable arrangement, for example linked to a slider control. However, in a preferred embodiment they are in the form of rotary cam elements, most preferably mounted on a common shaft, e.g. integral with each other.
  • the third cam follower is not directly attached to the contact arm which it actuates.
  • a "loose" cam follower is supported on the regulator case by support and guide means.
  • One piece energy regulator bimetal designs are normally associated with "face" profile type cam arrangements (see PCT Patent Application WO 93/26027) in which the bimetal is stamped from one piece and with adjustment to obtain the correct ratio of length of limbs, optimum compensation can be obtained, irrespective of bimetal constant variation.
  • a preferred form of flexible pivot comprises a spring, preferably of the leaf spring type.
  • Stainless steel is a preferred material for making this spring pivot. This form of pivot can eliminate the need for lubrication, and avoid backlash and friction problems associated with high ambient temperature and thermal ageing of the components.
  • the primary and compensator limbs are approximately at right angles or otherwise in a mutual V configuration.
  • the compensator limb terminates in a cam follower arranged to bear upon a cam surface.
  • the cam follower is integral with and formed of part of an end of the compensator limb.
  • the cam surface is preferably a periphery of a cam element attached to a knob or other device for user control.
  • a calibration feature is provided for determining the particular regulator setting, i.e. percentage output, (for a predetermined cam position) at which the energy regulator turns on or off.
  • This may be constituted by an adjustment screw device protruding through a free end of the primary leg, terminating in an actuating member.
  • an adjustment feature could be provided elsewhere.
  • a screw adjustment with protrusion could be put through a free end of the compensator leg to bear upon the cam surface, i.e. to act as the cam follower.
  • the regulator 1 comprises a base 3 in which the constituent parts of the regulator are housed.
  • the main part of the regulator comprises a primary bimetal leg 5 to which a ceramic substrate thick film heater assembly 11 is secured by means of an eyelet 7 and a surrounding coil spring 9.
  • a compensator bimetal strip 13 extends at approximately right angles to the primary strip 5 and is contiguous therewith.
  • the primary strip and compensator strip constitute separate limbs formed from a single piece of bimetal, joined by a base region 15.
  • the base region 15 is secured to a pivot spring 17 in the form of a leaf spring, so that the primary bimetal strip 5 and the compensator bimetal strips 13 together with the substrate heater 11 pivot together as a single rigid assembly.
  • the pivot spring 17 is fixed to the base 3 by means of a support 19.
  • the primary bimetal strip 5 comprises a root portion 21 in contact with the substrate heater 11 and an oblique portion 23 extending away from the substrate heater and a distal portion 25 spaced apart from the substrate heater.
  • the bimetal leg 5 bears on a deflectable snap action, spring member 27 by means of the calibration screw 33 extending through an end thereof remote from the root portion 21, so that the deflection of the bimetal leg 5 results in the electrical contacts 2, 4 operating (make and break) as a function of the over centre action of the switch mechanism 6.
  • Calibration of the regulator to preset the precise power level (for a given user setting) at which electrical connection between the contacts 2, 4 is made or broken is effected by means of a calibration screw 33.
  • the regulator setting controlled by the user is set by means of a knob (not shown) mounted on a spindle 87 which a cam element 37 is rotatably mounted.
  • the outer circumference of the cam element presents a cam surface 39.
  • the compensator strip Remote from the base region 15, the compensator strip has a bend 41 so that it is angled towards the cam element 37 and terminates in a cam follower 43 which bears against the cam surface 39.
  • the position of the cam surface 39 contacted by the cam follower 43 alters the orientation of the compensator bimetal strip 13 relative to the pivot spring 17 and so also, the orientation of the primary bimetal strip 11 relative to the pivot spring.
  • the position of the calibration screw 33 relative to the switch mechanism 6 is also varied.
  • the calibration screw is used in initial set-up to calibrate the regulator as described above. Then, the user turns the knob to orientate the compensator and primary bimetal strips 13, 5 by means of the cam action. This determines the power level to the substrate heater and to the corresponding load connected across the electrical contacts 2, 4. For a given set cam/spindle position the output power would by cyclic at contacts 2, 4.
  • the two limbs are formed from a single strip split laterally with the unsplit remnant at one end forming the base region 15 which is mounted on the pivot spring.
  • the metal on the top side (facing the cam element 37) of the primary strip 5 is on the reverse side (not facing the cam element) of the compensator strip 13 and vice versa.
  • the resistor track 63 of the ceramic substrate thick film heater is electrically connected to a conductor pad 65.
  • the tape 45 is welded to the conductor pad by ultrasonic welding.
  • the conductor pad is made of a silver/platinum alloy.
  • the ultrasonic energy is applied generally in the direction of the arrow defined by numeral 67. This weld is capable of operating at an ambient temperature in excess of 380°C without oxidation or deterioration with age.
  • the tape 45 is connected to the link clip 53 by means of a U-shaped portion 68 and a clip arrangement 69 which could be strengthened by means of spot welding or ultrasonic welding.
  • auxiliary switch elements denoted generally by reference numeral 71.
  • These switch elements 71 comprises pair of switches 73 and 75.
  • the first of these switches 73 has a fixed contact 77 and a moving contact 79.
  • the moving contact 79 is mounted on a spring mounting 81. Part of this moving contact 79 is shaped to act as a cam follower 83.
  • the cam follower 83 bears upon a second cam surface 85 behind the primary cam surface 39, relative to the plane of the paper.
  • the second cam surface 85 rotates in accordance with rotation of the primary cam surface 39 in response to rotation of a common shaft 87.
  • the second cam surface is configured to open and close the contacts 77, 79 of the first switch 73, at one or more positions of rotation of the shaft 87. As shown in Figure 1, the contacts 77 and 79 are in the open position.
  • a third cam surface 89 which also rotates in accordance with rotation of the common shaft 87.
  • a third cam follower 91 bears upon the third cam surface 89. Further details of the cam follower can be seen from Figures 4, 5 and 6.
  • the third cam follower 91 is elongate in one dimension and has a first curved end surface 93 which rides over the third cam surface 89. It also has a second curved end surface 95, remote from said first end surface 93, which acts upon a movable arm 97 of the third switch 75.
  • the third switch comprises a movable arm and is fixed to a terminal support 96. As shown in Figure 1, the contacts 98, 99 of the third switch 75 are shown in the open position.
  • the third cam surface is configured to open and close the contacts 98, 99 of the third switch 75 through the agency of the third cam follower 91. It will be appreciated that the opening and closing of the second and third switches 73, 75 is independent of each other and also independent of the opening and closing of the contacts 2, 4 in response to the operation of the bimetal strip 5 and the action of the primary cam surface 39.
  • the third cam follower 91 is not attached to the movable signal arm 97 on which it acts but is "loose” within the assembly. It is however, constrained by side supports (not shown) in the top and bottom of the regulator casing. Thus, the cam follower is slidable in the left-right direction as shown in Figure 1.
  • the third cam follower has an upper stepped profile 101 and a lower stepped profile 103 which is configured to locate within upper, lower and side supports.
  • Figures 7 - 9 shows typical circuit diagrams and a regulator scale for using an energy regulator according to the present invention in a domestic appliance such as an electric cooker, adapted for the UK market.
  • reference numeral 5 denotes the bimetal element and numeral 11 denotes the ceramic substrate thick film heater.
  • numerals 2 and 4 respectively indicate the switch contacts which are opened or closed in accordance with deflection of this bimetal element.
  • numeral 110 denotes a load, in this case an electrical heating ring of the cooker, and numeral 113 denotes the main electricity supply.
  • the main supply 113, the load 110 and the regulator switch contacts are all in series. No other switching is effected.
  • the arrangement shown in Figure 8 is the same as that of Figure 7, except that a further switch element 115 comprising a pair of contacts 117, 119 is provided.
  • This further switch element 115 is connected in series between the main supply 113 and a signal lamp 121.
  • the contacts 117, 119 open and close in response to a relevant secondary cam acting upon actuator arm 123 connected to the movable contact 4 of the pair. This can be arranged, for example to switch the signal lamp on as soon as the regulator knob (attached to the respective cams mounted on a common shaft) is moved from the off position.
  • a typical scale could comprise a (vertical) off position 125, low power being arranged to energise the load at (say) 75° movement clockwise, full power being achieved at 285° in the clockwise direction.
  • Figures 10 to 12 show circuit diagram and scale arrangements of a regulator according to the present invention, suitable for use in a domestic appliance intended for the continental European market.
  • Figure 12 shows the scale of the regulator. Immediately rotating the spindle of the control from the vertical 'OFF' position 125, causes the contacts 117, 119 to close. Further rotation will close contacts 27 and 31 and energise the bimetal heater circuit in accordance with operation of an appropriate cam. Then, at 51.5° clockwise, the main cam pre-sets the bimetal assembly to power the load at the "low" level in accordance with opening and closing of the contacts 27, 31. Full power is achieved at the 308.5° clockwise position.
  • FIG. 11 The arrangement of Figure 11 is the same as that of Figure 10 except that a further switch element is provided. Thus, the arrangement is that shown in Figure 1 and the same reference numerals are used for the switch contacts as in the latter drawing.
  • the switch contacts 77, 79 are connected in the same way as contacts 117, 119 in the arrangement of Figure 10 and therefore operate in the same way.
  • the other pair of contacts 75 are in series between the mains supply 113 and a signal lamp 121 which can be switched independently of the isolation contacts 77, 79 and the contacts 27, 31 operated by the bimetal element 5.
  • the cam follower 91 operates movable contact arm 97 and operates third switch 75 in accordance with its own cam arranged on the common shaft.

Landscapes

  • Thermally Actuated Switches (AREA)
  • Control Of Resistance Heating (AREA)

Claims (18)

  1. Un régulateur d'énergie comprenant un élément chauffant (11) et un bilame (5) comprenant une branche primaire qui répond à l'élément chauffant (11) et une branche compensatrice (13) pour compenser les effets de la fluctuation de la température ambiante, les branches primaire et compensatrice étant intégralement formées à partir du même morceau de bimétal et le bilame (5) étant monté sur un membre pivot (17) caractérisé en ce que le membre pivot (17) est flexible et en ce que l'élément chauffant (11) est disposé dans un contact thermique seulement le long d'une portion de la branche primaire pour que, à la flexion du membre pivot (17), les branches primaire et compensatrice, ainsi que l'élément chauffant (11), pivotent en tant qu'ensemble rigide unique.
  2. Un régulateur d'énergie conformément à la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que ledit membre pivot flexible (17) se présente sous la forme d'un ressort à lame accouplé à une région base (15) du bilame (5).
  3. Un régulateur d'énergie conformément à la revendication 1 ou à la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que les branches primaire et compensatrice (13) sont formées en fendant un bilame dans le sens de la longueur à partir d'une extrémité sur une partie de sa longueur.
  4. Un régulateur d'énergie conformément à la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que le bilame est supporté sur le membre pivot flexible (17) au niveau de sa région base non fendue (15).
  5. Un régulateur d'énergie conformément à toute revendication précédente, caractérisé en ce que les branches primaire et compensatrice (13) sont à peu près à angle droit ou autrement dans une configuration en V mutuelle.
  6. Un régulateur d'énergie conformément à toute revendication précédente, caractérisé en ce que la branche compensatrice (13) se termine par un galet de came (43) arrangé pour s'appuyer sur une surface de came (39).
  7. Un régulateur d'énergie conformément à la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que le galet de came (43) est solidaire et est formé d'une partie d'une extrémité de la branche compensatrice (13).
  8. Un régulateur d'énergie conformément à la revendication 6 ou à la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce que la surface de came (39) est constituée d'une périphérie d'un élément came (37) attaché à un dispositif ou bouton de commande utilisateur.
  9. Un régulateur d'énergie conformément à toute revendication précédente, caractérisé en ce que la flexion de la branche primaire en réponse à l'élément chauffant (11) est arrangée pour fermer ou ouvrir une connexion électrique.
  10. Un régulateur d'énergie conformément à l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans quoi l'élément chauffant (11) chauffe le bilame (5) de telle façon que la flexion du bilame réalise une action de commutation, caractérisé en ce que le niveau de puissance de l'élément chauffant (11) auquel le bilame (5) réalise la commutation est déterminé par la position d'une première surface de came sur laquelle s'appuie un premier galet de came (43), le premier galet de came (43) étant mécaniquement relié audit bilame (5), et en ce qu'une deuxième surface de came (85) est mécaniquement reliée à ladite première surface de came (39) et un deuxième galet de came (83) est arrangé pour s'appuyer sur ladite deuxième surface de came (85) pour réaliser une première fonction de commutation indépendante à un ou plusieurs réglages de régulateur prédéterminés, et en ce qu'une troisième surface de came (89) est également fournie, mécaniquement reliée auxdites première et deuxième surfaces de came (39, 85) et sur laquelle s'appuie un troisième galet de came (91) pour réaliser une autre fonction de commutation indépendante à un ou plusieurs réglages de régulateur prédéterminés.
  11. Un régulateur d'énergie conformément à la revendication 10, caractérisé en ce que lesdites première, deuxième et troisième surfaces de came (39, 85, 89) sont respectivement formées sur des premier, deuxième et troisième éléments cames rotatives (37).
  12. Un régulateur d'énergie conformément à la revendication 11, caractérisé en ce que lesdits premier, deuxième et troisième éléments cames rotatives (37) sont montés sur un axe commun (87).
  13. Un régulateur d'énergie conformément à la revendication 11 ou à la revendication 12, caractérisé en ce que lesdits premier, deuxième et troisième éléments cames rotatives (37) sont solidaires les uns des autres.
  14. Un régulateur d'énergie conformément à l'une quelconque des revendications 10 à 13, comprenant un élément commutateur pour être actionné par ledit troisième galet de came (91), caractérisé en ce que ledit élément commutateur n'est pas fixé audit troisième galet de came (91).
  15. Un régulateur d'énergie conformément à l'une quelconque des revendications 10 à 14, caractérisé en ce que le moyen de support (105) est fourni sur lequel s'appuie ledit troisième galet de came (91).
  16. Un régulateur d'énergie conformément à la revendication 15, caractérisé en ce que le régulateur comprend un boítier (3) et ledit moyen de support (105) est moulé pour faire partie du boítier.
  17. Un régulateur d'énergie conformément à toute revendication précédente comprenant un élément chauffant (11) sous la forme d'une résistance chauffante à couche épaisse à substrat céramique.
  18. Un régulateur d'énergie conformément à la revendication 17, caractérisé en ce que ladite résistance chauffante à couche épaisse à substrat céramique comprend une piste de résistance (63) en contact électrique avec un patin conducteur (65) et un fil électrique (45) établissant une connexion électrique avec ledit patin conducteur (65), par quoi le fil est soudé par ultrasons au patin conducteur.
EP19950303111 1994-05-12 1995-05-09 Régulateur d'énergie Expired - Lifetime EP0682352B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP01201895A EP1143470A1 (fr) 1994-05-12 1995-05-09 Régulateur d'énergie avec surfaces de came

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB9409489 1994-05-12
GB9409489A GB9409489D0 (en) 1994-05-12 1994-05-12 Energy regulator

Related Child Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP01201895.8 Division-Into 2001-05-18

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0682352A2 EP0682352A2 (fr) 1995-11-15
EP0682352A3 EP0682352A3 (fr) 1996-12-27
EP0682352B1 true EP0682352B1 (fr) 2002-09-11

Family

ID=10755006

Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP01201895A Withdrawn EP1143470A1 (fr) 1994-05-12 1995-05-09 Régulateur d'énergie avec surfaces de came
EP19950303111 Expired - Lifetime EP0682352B1 (fr) 1994-05-12 1995-05-09 Régulateur d'énergie

Family Applications Before (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP01201895A Withdrawn EP1143470A1 (fr) 1994-05-12 1995-05-09 Régulateur d'énergie avec surfaces de came

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (2) EP1143470A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE69528106T2 (fr)
GB (1) GB9409489D0 (fr)

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2315160A (en) * 1996-07-08 1998-01-21 Diamond H Controls Ltd Energy regulator
DE19736308A1 (de) * 1997-08-21 1999-02-25 Ego Elektro Geraetebau Gmbh Leistungssteuergerät
CN1134868C (zh) * 1999-07-26 2004-01-14 阿尔卑斯电气株式会社 开关装置
SI20537A (sl) * 2000-03-23 2001-10-31 Metalflex Električni stikalni sklop za varnostno pripravo v stroju
GB2391725A (en) * 2002-04-17 2004-02-11 Diamond H Controls Ltd Control device with thermal sensor
ITTO20120291A1 (it) * 2012-04-03 2013-10-04 Illinois Tool Works Dispositivo di bloccaggio porta con interruttore di rilevamento porta integrato
DE102021202314A1 (de) 2021-03-10 2022-09-15 E.G.O. Elektro-Gerätebau GmbH Leistungssteuergerät und Anordnung eines solchen Leistungssteuergeräts mit einer elektrischen Heizeinrichtung

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB864828A (en) * 1958-06-30 1961-04-06 Specialpapper Ab An improved device for regulating the average effect of electric heating apparatus
US3178539A (en) * 1963-02-11 1965-04-13 Robertshaw Controls Co Thermostat with cam-actuated auxiliary switch
US3238780A (en) * 1963-02-20 1966-03-08 Robertshaw Controls Co Ambient compensated bimetal elements
USRE31597E (en) * 1976-06-09 1984-06-05 E.G.O. Regeltechnik Gmbh Electric power controllers
CH671649A5 (fr) * 1986-01-31 1989-09-15 Kienzler Ag G
AU4342993A (en) * 1992-06-08 1994-01-04 Strix Limited Energy regulators

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0682352A3 (fr) 1996-12-27
DE69528106T2 (de) 2003-06-05
EP1143470A1 (fr) 2001-10-10
EP0682352A2 (fr) 1995-11-15
DE69528106D1 (de) 2002-10-17
GB9409489D0 (en) 1994-06-29

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