EP0679764B1 - Grating for grass surfacing and grass surface stabilisation with gratings - Google Patents

Abstract

The paving stone (1) has lockable fasteners located on its sides. The fasteners may be locked in different angular positions and consist of pegs (5) and brackets (3) with slots (4). Dividing walls (8) with corrugated reinforcers having curved or bent sections (10) are located on ground supports (7). The walls and/or corrugated reinforcers have webs (11). The peg is sine-curved, with a curvature directed into the block and a stop angle (6) in front of it. The bracket is also curved. <IMAGE>

Description

The invention relates to a turf grid and a lawn consolidation from different designed lawn grid panels according to the preamble of claim 1.

From the patents US 4 111 585, EP 516 957 A1 and EP 400 158 A1, grass grid panels with a honeycomb-like hexagonal cell arrangement and drainage openings in the base plate are known.
Furthermore, EP-PS 455 260 B1 describes a lawn grid plate of the same type, in which so-called transition openings are provided in the lower region of the cell dividing walls and in the base plate.
DE-OS 3 327 868 describes a lawn cover with a recess for road guidance device for street banquets.
The well-known lawn grid plates are connected to larger flat structures in one plane by means of different connecting elements.

In the German utility model G 93 01 590.9 and the European patent application 605 805 A2 grass grid panels or floor mounting panels are described, that have no continuous floor pads, namely on the one hand Stiffening ribs running perpendicular to the cell walls, which act as narrow connecting webs run from one to the opposite corner point of a cell and on the other hand at the nodes of neighboring cells as a floor covering have trained wall connections, the extension of which to the area of the respective node is bordered by neighboring cells.

DE-OS 44 09 538 describes a device for creating preferably greenable embankments, which essentially consists of floor grids and front grilles which are connected to one another in an articulated manner and which hold nonwoven layers, preferably coconut fleece, applied to embankment reinforcements so that they do not slip.
All known turf grids and kits of turf grids are very different in design, dimension and usability, can be combined little or not with each other and cannot be adapted to the terrain or only at risk of breaking the connecting means or are not - as in the case of the DE-OS 44 09 538 - passable. Also, the floor anchoring means provided in some known turf grid plates, usually designed as domes or pegs, are disadvantageous because they take up additional transport space because of their bulkiness and when the plates are stacked, the floor anchoring means jam or wedge in the underlying plate. Another disadvantage of the known lawn grid plates is the fact that the individual cells are kept relatively small in order to achieve a high load-bearing capacity, although the larger the individual cells are, the more uniform the lawn area. Another disadvantage is that when laying grass turf slabs on an already solid surface, the edges of the slabs at the beginning in the direction of travel are often destroyed or pressed into the ground, lifting adjacent slabs and thereby detaching from their connections.

The object of the invention is to provide a lawn grid panel with such connecting means which enables adaptation to the terrain and can be used both for the known laying in a network in one level and for laying on embankments of dikes and dams with different laying levels, allow easy assembly and, if necessary, easy disassembly. When increasing or at least maintaining the load-bearing capacity and at the same time saving material, the lawn grid plates should have larger diameters of the individual cells in order to enable a uniform appearance of the entire lawn area. In order to improve the lawn growth in laid turf grids, better under-rooting is provided. The object of the invention is also, with acting side forces, for. B. by starting or braking vehicles to prevent slipping of individual panels without the transport space increased by appropriate ground anchoring means or jamming of panels before laying.
The invention is also based on the object of creating a lawn consolidation from grass pavers, the assortment of which enables better adaptation of the individual grass pavers to the terrain, in particular on embankments of dikes and dams, allows quick and easy assembly of the grass pavers and, if necessary, easy disassembly allowed. Special designs of the lawn grid plates are intended to enable the edges of laid webs to be passed over, the edge zones of individual plates to be destroyed when driving over them, and to allow excess amounts of water to run off well.

This task is by the in the characterizing part of claim 1 given characteristics solved. The lawn grid plate according to the invention consists of a Frame with tabs with slot opening arranged on at least one side thereof, and corresponding to that are also at least on one side on Frame arranged sinusoidally curved pins, which preceded a stop angle is. The connecting means arranged on at least three sides of the lawn grid plate are articulated connections that can be locked at different angles educated. Are on known, differently designed floor pads sections of cell dividers arranged so that on a floor support vertically to this there is a cross point of cell partitions and at least 2 bends and / or bends in the cell dividing walls. The cell partitions on the edges of the turf grid have bevels. The cell partitions are with bead-shaped stiffeners and on these or on the cell partitions arranged webs provided.

The webs can preferably be arranged at right angles to the bead-like stiffeners or the cell dividing walls, as individual webs or cross-shaped as double webs or alternately and, in cooperation with the bead-shaped stiffeners, serve to increase the load-bearing capacity of the grass grid panels and enable larger diameters of the honeycomb-shaped cells formed by the cell dividing walls Cells. The bead-shaped stiffeners are provided as gutter, throat or bulge-shaped structures which are arranged completely or partially on the cell dividing walls.
There are under-rooting channels between the individual floor coverings for the better penetration of roots into the soil area below the lawn grid plate. At the same time, the underrooting channels save material when producing the grass panels.
According to the invention, the floor coverings can be carried out flat as a flat part or as gable roof-shaped floor coverings or conical roof-shaped or even with floor anchors angled at an acute angle. The various designs of the floor pads, the floor anchors and the angled webs angled upwards from the frame or the floor pads and the stop angles in front of the pegs cause claws in the floor and prevent slippage of the lawn grid panels in the event of lateral forces from approaching or braking vehicles. This type of protection against slipping of the plates makes it possible to dispense with bulky pins and thorns as anchoring to the floor.
The articulated connections consist essentially of tab and pin. The tab is arranged as an arcuate part at the top of an angled web and this in turn is connected to the frame or the floor support. A slot opening in the arcuate tab is designed so that the walls of the slot are chamfered and / or angled several times. The pins arranged on the edges of the lawn grid plate opposite the tabs and to be connected to the tabs are sinusoidally curved. The sinusoidal bends of the peg and bevels on the walls of the slot openings are so coordinated in their angular dimensions that easy assembly and disassembly, but above all a laying of adjacent lawn grating plates can take place in an upward or downward laying plane.

The angular dimensions of the walls of the slot openings, the thickness of the pin, the clear The width of the slot opening and the stop angle are dimensioned according to the invention that in spite of the angled laying of panels, these can be used in any Oblique positions are firmly connected and can be removed from any position. The The connection according to the invention provides a firm connection between the tongue and the pin of the pin is achieved by the lower bow of the pin directed inwards is.

The lawn consolidation according to the invention is composed of differently designed lawn grid plates. The basic building block consists of a lawn grid plate, which - as described above - is carried out continuously at a uniform height.
A second type of slab is equipped with a gutter transversely to a laying direction, for example to allow the flooding water masses to drain in heavy rainfall. A third type of plate is equipped with a threshold at one edge to prevent vehicles from running over it. In this way, plantings, buildings and also non-fortified zones of dams and dikes are to be protected from being driven on. A fourth type of plate is wedge-shaped in order to enable it to be driven onto a laid web of turf grid plates on a solid surface, so that edge zones of laid turf grid plates are not damaged, or edge zones of laid plates do not press into the ground and thus emerge from their connections to neighboring ones Loosen plates.

For better customization of the lawn grating and that of a variety of Lawn grating existing lawn consolidation to the terrain, in particular on embankments of dikes and dams are the connecting elements All types of lawn grid plates are articulated and can therefore be laid in the direction of installation upwards and downwards or laterally to the installation direction upwards and laid at an angle at the bottom.

A further feature of the invention consists in that covering plates or flexible covering sheets are partly or completely laid on the installed lawn grid plates. These cover plates or webs are provided on the underside with knobs which correspond to the cells of the lawn grid plates in order to ensure that the cover webs or plates are firmly supported on the lawn grid plates. These cover sheets or panels are to be installed primarily in pedestrian areas or in areas with particularly high loads. An application for the purpose of marking the lawn areas with lines, arrows or other traffic signs in different colors is also conceivable to perfect the lawn consolidation.
In order to give starting and braking vehicles a better grip and better grip on the lawn area provided with lawn grid plates, the upper edges of the cell partition walls and / or the cover sheets or cover plates are provided with profiles, for example sawtooth-like profiles.

The features of the invention go beyond the claims and also from the description and the drawings, the individual features of each advantageous alone or in several in the form of sub-combinations of the elements represent protective versions for which protection is requested with this document becomes.

Embodiments of the invention are shown in the drawings and are explained in more detail below.

Fig. 1: Draufsicht auf eine Rasengitterplatte,

Fig. 2: Schnitt C-C nach Fig. 1,

Fig. 3: Schnitt D-D nach Fig. 1,

Fig. 4: Schnitt E-E nach Fig. 1,

Fig. 5: Schnitt F-F nach Fig. 1,

Fig. 6: Schnitt A-A nach Fig. 1,

Fig. 7: Schnitt B-B nach Fig. 1,

Fig. 8: Teilschnitt durch eine Platte mit Bodenverankerung,

Fig. 9: Verbindungsmittel in Verlegerichtung a,

Fig. 10: Verbindungsmittel in Verlegerichtung b,

Fig. 11: Verbindungsmittel in abgewinkelter Lage in Verlegerichtung b,

Fig. 12: Verbindungsmittel in aufwärts gerichteter Lage in Verlegerichtung b,

Fig. 13: Verbindungsmittel in abgewinkelter Lage in Verlegerichtung a,

Fig. 14: Verbindungsmittel in aufwärts gerichteter Lage in Verlegerichtung a,

Fig. 15: Demonstration verschiedener Schräglagen der Verbindungsmittel,

Fig. 16: Seitenansicht von im Verbund verlegten Rasengitterplatten in Verlegerichtung a,

Fig. 17: Seitenansicht einer Rasenverfestigung in Verlegerichtung a,

Fig. 18: Seitenansicht von im Böschungswinkel verlegten Rasengitterplatten in Verlegerichtung b,

Fig. 19: Seitenansicht von im Böschungswinkel verlegten Rasengitterplatten in Verlegerichtung a,

Fig. 20: Seitenansicht einer Rasengitterplatte mit Abdeckbahn mit Profil.

The drawings show:

1: top view of a turf grid,

2: section CC of FIG. 1,

3: section DD of FIG. 1,

4: section EE according to FIG. 1,

5: section FF of FIG. 1,

6: section AA according to FIG. 1,

7: section BB of FIG. 1,

8: partial section through a plate with floor anchoring,

9: connecting means in the laying direction a,

10: connecting means in the laying direction b,

11: connecting means in an angled position in the laying direction b,

12: connecting means in the upward position in the laying direction b,

13: connecting means in an angled position in the laying direction a,

14: connecting means in the upward position in the laying direction a,

15: demonstration of various inclinations of the connecting means,

16: side view of turf grid plates laid in a composite in the laying direction a,

17: side view of a lawn consolidation in the laying direction a,

18: side view of turf grid plates laid in the slope angle in laying direction b,

19: side view of grass grid panels laid in the slope angle in the laying direction a,

Fig. 20: Side view of a turf grid with cover sheet with profile.

Example 1:

1 shows a lawn grid plate 1 consisting of a frame 2 with curved tabs 3 arranged on two opposite sides with slanted or / and multiple angled slot opening 4, and on the remaining two opposite sides, pins 5 are arranged sinusoidally upwards on the frame 2 , which a stop angle 6 is upstream.
The connecting means in the form of the tabs 3 and pin 5 are shown in FIGS. 2 to 5.
The connecting means arranged on the sides of the lawn grid plate 1 are designed as articulated connections which can be locked at different angles and which allow the plates to be laid in accordance with the terrain profile, for example an embankment, a laterally angled and angled in the laying direction and a rising and falling laying of the plates in the composite enable. This prevents the connecting elements from breaking, as is often the case with the known lawn fastening plates, when these are laid on uneven ground or embankments and then driven over. Because of the possible upward and angled laying of the lawn grid plates 1 in the composite, they are particularly suitable for accessible dams and dikes.
Sections cell partition walls 8 are as shown in Fig. 1 on polygon-shaped land pads 7 are arranged so that a cross-point of cell partition walls 8 and at least two bends and / or angled portions of bead-shaped stiffeners 10 of the cell partition walls are located on a bottom support 7 vertically with respect to these 8. The cell dividing walls 8 on the edges of the lawn grid plate 1 have bevels 9 . The bevels can be seen in the sectional drawings of FIGS. 4 and 5.

The cell partitions 8 are provided with seepage-shaped stiffeners 10 and webs 11 arranged thereon or on the cell partitions 8 themselves. In this example, the webs 11 are arranged at right angles to the bead-like stiffeners 10 in the form of a cross as double webs and, in cooperation with the bead-like stiffeners 10, serve to increase the load-bearing capacity of the grass grid panels 1 and enable larger diameters of the honeycomb-shaped cells formed by the cell partition walls 8 .

The bead-shaped stiffeners 10 are arranged vertically to the floor supports 7 with two bends of the bead-shaped reinforcements 10 on two adjacent floor supports 7 each. In this exemplary embodiment, preference is given to the trapezoidal bead-like stiffeners 10 . Between the individual floor supports 7 there are under-rooting channels 12 for the better penetration of roots into the soil area below the grass grid plate 1 . At the same time, with the under-rooting channels 12, a material saving is achieved in the manufacture of the turf grid 1 .
The floor supports 7 , shown flat as a flat part in FIG. 6, as gable roof-shaped floor supports 13 in FIG. 7 and at an acute angle anchored floor anchors 14 in FIG. 8, can be carried out according to the invention. The various designs of the floor supports 7, the floor anchors 14 and the angular webs 15 angled upwards from the frame 2 or the floor supports 7 and the stop angles 6 in front of the pegs 5 cause claws in the floor and prevent slippage of turf grid plates 1 when lateral forces occur due to approaching forces or braking vehicles. This type of anti-slip device makes it possible to dispense with bulky cones and thorns as floor anchors.

The articulated connections, as shown in FIGS. 2 to 5 and 9 to 14, essentially consist of tab 3 and pin 5. The tab 3 is arranged as an arcuate part at the top of the angled web 15 and this in turn with the frame 2 or the floor support 7 connected. The slot opening 4 in the arcuate tab 3 is designed so that the walls of the slot are chamfered. The to the tabs 3 opposite edges of the grating plate 1 and arranged with the plates 3 to be connected to pins 5 are sinusoidal curved. The sinusoidal bends of the pin 5 and bevels on the walls of the slot openings 4 are coordinated with one another in their angular dimensions so that easy assembly and disassembly, but above all a laying of adjacent turf grid plates in an upward or downward laying plane can take place.
The angular dimensions of the walls of the slot openings 4, the thickness of the pin 5, the inside width of the slot opening 4 and the stop angle 6 are dimensioned such that despite angled laying of panels, these are firmly connected to one another in any of the possible inclined positions and can be removed from any position. The fixed articulation of the tab 3 on the pin 5 in various inclined positions of a plate on which the pin 5 is located is demonstrated in FIG. 15. This fixed and by side forces occurring, also loading pressure, especially in the case of uneven floors, non-releasable connection of tab 3 and pin 5 is achieved by the design of the pin according to the invention, in that the lower arc of the pin 5 is directed towards the plate.
If in the laying direction b (FIG. 1) on approximately horizontally laid turf grid plates 1 further plates are laid upwards in an inclined position, this is possible until the bevels 9 of adjacent plates of the cell partition walls 8 located on the edge of the grass grid plate 1 butt against one another. The bevels 9 form the limit for an inclined position upwards. The same applies to panels that are angled downwards. Here the tab 3 with the stop angle 6 meet flat and form the boundary.

The, as shown in several figures and particularly in the sectional drawings protruding spaces between interconnected plates depending on the laying direction of the panels, only about 40 to 50% of the internal dimensions of the honeycomb cells, so that there is no risk of overloading cell partitions 8 to the Edges of the plates.

Example 2:

FIG. 16 shows a side view according to FIG. 1 in laying direction a with covering plates 21 placed on the individual grass grid plates 1. These cover plates 21 are particularly suitable for pedestrian crossings, but also for strips of grass grid plates 1 laid ; 16; 17, which are exposed to particularly high loads. Instead of individual cover plates 21 , as shown in FIG. 20, cover sheets 22 can be used which are either flat on their surface or, as shown in FIG. 20, are provided with a sawtooth-like profile. The articulated connections can be clearly seen in FIG.
FIG. 17 shows a lawn consolidation from an association of differently designed lawn grid plates 1; 16; 17; 18 shown in the laying direction a. The bandage consists of a wedge-shaped lawn grid plate 18, a lawn grid plate 1 as a basic pattern, a lawn grid plate 16 with a channel 19 and a lawn grid plate 17 with a threshold 20. The bandage of the lawn grid plates 1; 16; 17; 18 is formed by the articulated connections which are at least on three sides of the lawn grid plates 1; 16; 17; 18 are arranged. The lawn consolidation consists of four different grass panels 1; 16; 17; 18 and optionally from cover plates 21 or flexible cover sheets 22. The grass grid plate 1 has a constant height throughout. The lawn grid plate 16 preferably has a transverse channel 19 in the central region, the depth of which corresponds to approximately a quarter of the plate height.

This lawn grid plate 16 is used in places where, for example, larger amounts of water are to be expected in heavy rainfall. The lawn grid plate 17 with threshold 20 is preferably at the end of a group of several grass grid plates 1; 16; 18 relocates and fulfills the task of preventing vehicles from running over the plate end or the sides of the association. It serves to protect plant stands and buildings. In the area of the threshold 20 , the cell walls are provided with additional drainage holes 23 for better drainage. The wedge-shaped grass grid plate 18 is used in particular when laying grass grid plates 1; 16; 17 on an already solid surface, serves to better drive onto the lawn consolidation and prevents breaking of the edges of the slabs or the pressing of slabs at the beginning into the subsurface and thus lifting of adjacent slabs and their release from their connections with them.
FIG. 18 shows a side view of turf grid plates 1 laid on an embankment in the laying direction b.
FIG. 19 shows a side view of grass grid panels 1 laid in a composite in the laying direction a on an embankment. Both figures show the different attachment of the joints on the edges of the lawn grid plates 1; 16; 17; 18, which, depending on the direction of installation a or b, connect the panels to one another in an articulated manner.
FIG. 20 shows a side view of a lawn grid plate 1 which is provided with a cover sheet 22 . The cover sheet 22 is equipped with a sawtooth-like profile.
But it can also be used especially for pedestrian crossings with a smooth or slightly profiled surface. The cover sheet 22 is flexible and has nub-shaped elevations on its underside, which correspond to the cellular honeycombs of the lawn grid plate 1 . A temporary or permanent increase in the load-bearing capacity can be achieved by resting the cover sheet 22 or individual cover plates 21 .

Claims (21)

1. Grating for grass surfacing (1), consisting of a one-piece formed plastic spray cast component with honeycomb-like cellular arrangement, base connecting surfaces (7), drainage openings between them, and connecting components arranged at the edges of the grating (1), characterised in that hinge-like connections are arranged at the sides of a grating (1) and are lockable in different angular degrees, the connections consisting of pins (5) and straps (3) with slot openings (4), and that cellular partition walls (8) with at least one curvature and/or one nooks of corrugation-shaped reinforcements (10) are arranged partially vertically to the base connecting surfaces (7; 13), the cellular partition walls (8) and/or at their corrugation-shaped reinforcements (10) are provided with webs (11).
2. Grating for grass surfacing according to claim 1, characterised in that the hinge-like connections which are lockable in different angular degrees, have a connecting component as a pin (5) which is sinusoidally curved and whose lower curve has a vault which is directed plate-inwards.
3. Grating for grass surfacing according to claim 1, characterised in that an angle section (6) is preliminary to pin (5), the angle section being angled in an angular degree adapted to the remaining hinge-like connecting components.
4. Grating for grass surfacing according to claim 1, characterised in that the hinge-like connections lockable in different angular degrees have a connecting component as a strap (3) which is formed curve-shaped, has a slot opening (4) which is slanted at the inner longitudinal walls and/or plurally angled.
5. Grating for grass surfacing according to claim 1, characterised in that strap (3) is arranged plate-outwards at an angular web which is vertically turned upwards and arranged at a frame (2) or a base connecting surface (7).
6. Grating for grass surfacing according to one or several of claims 1 to 5, characterised in that the angular degrees of the inner longitudinal walls of slot opening (4), the thickness and sinusoidal curve of pin (5), the lucid width of slot opening (4), the angle and position of angle section (6) as well as the position of the angular web (15) are adapted in such a way that adjacent gratings (1) are in defined slanted positions tightly hinge-like connected with each other in a defined angular scope, upwards or downwards.
7. Grating for grass surfacing according to claim 1, characterised in that the base connecting surfaces (13) have a circular or polygon-shaped connecting surface and that the base connecting surfaces (7; 13) are jointly connected by cellular partition walls (8) and/or by a frame (2).
8. Grating for grass surfacing according to one of the preceded claims, characterised in that sub-rooting canals are arranged between the base connecting surfaces (7; 13).
9. Grating for grass surfacing according to one of the preceded claims, characterised in that the base connecting surfaces (13) have a span roof-shaped or cone roof-shaped connecting surface.
10. Grating for grass surfacing according to one or several of the preceded claims, characterised in that acute-angled ground anchorings (14) are arranged at the base connecting surfaces (7) and/or at frame (2).
11. Grating for grass surfacing according to claim 1, characterised in that the corrugation-shaped reinforcements (10) are arranged completely or partly on or at the cellular partition walls (8) as trench-shaped, throat-shaped or dent-shaped objects.
12. Grating for grass surfacing according to one or several of the preceded claims, characterised in that several webs (11) are arranged reciprocally or cross-shaped as double-webs at the cellular partition walls (8) and/or at the corrugation-shaped reinforcements (10).
13. Grating for grass surfacing according to claim 1, characterised in that the cellular partition walls (10) have slants at two opposite edges of the grating (1).
14. Grating for grass surfacing according to one or several of the preceded claims, characterised in that the size and the angular degrees of the angular webs (15), of the angle sections (6) and of the ground anchorings (14) as well as the design of the base connecting surfaces (13) as a slip securing are all arranged adapted to each other.
15. Grass hardening, consisting of gratings for grass surfacing as described in claims 1 to 14, characterised in that the grass hardening consists of gratings (1; 16; 17; 18) which are different in their height, and that a plurality of gratings (1; 16; 17; 18) are connectable one after the other in one level and/or in one angle and on the gratings (1; 17; 18) coverings (21; 22) are completely or partly arranged in stripes or tracks.
16. Grass hardening according to claim 15, characterised in that connecting elements are arranged as hinges on at least two sides of the gratings (1; 16; 17, 18) for laying the gratings (1; 16; 17; 18) in angled levels.
17. Grass hardening according to claim 15, characterised in that a first kind of grating (1) is continuously of the same height, while a second kind of grating (16) is arranged cross to a laying direction (a) or to a laying direction (b) with a trench (19), a third kind of grating (17) is provided with a threshold (20) which is arranged at one side or at one edge, and a fourth kind of grating (18) is wedge-shaped in its cross-section, the different kinds of grating being arranged connectable with each other as a unit.
18. Grass hardening according to one of the preceded claims 15 to 17, characterised in that flexible cover tracks (22) and/or cover plates (21) are laid completely or partly on already laid gratings (1; 17; 18), the tracks or plates having knobs at their lower side, the knobs corresponding to the cells of the gratings (1; 17; 18).
19. Grass hardening according to one of the claims 15 to 18, characterised in that the cover tracks (22) are flexibly arranged across gratings (1) which are laid transversely upwards or transversely downwards.
20. Grass hardening according to one or several of the claims 15 to 19, characterised in that differently coloured cover plates (21) and/or cover tracks (22) are arranged on the gratings (1; 17; 18).
21. Grass hardening according to one or several of the preceded claims 15 to 20, characterised in that the cover plates (21) and/or cover tracks (22) are provided with a profile which enlarges the surface.

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