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EP0660765B1 - Process for producing fiber composite precision castings - Google Patents

Process for producing fiber composite precision castings Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0660765B1
EP0660765B1 EP93918973A EP93918973A EP0660765B1 EP 0660765 B1 EP0660765 B1 EP 0660765B1 EP 93918973 A EP93918973 A EP 93918973A EP 93918973 A EP93918973 A EP 93918973A EP 0660765 B1 EP0660765 B1 EP 0660765B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pattern
mold
fibers
process according
preliminary
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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EP93918973A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0660765A1 (en
Inventor
Markus Nolte
Jürgen SCHÄDLICH-STUBENRAUCH
Eric Neussl
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NEUSSL, ERIC
NOLTE, MARKUS
SCHAEDLICH-STUBENRAUCH, JUERGEN
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Individual
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C47/00—Making alloys containing metallic or non-metallic fibres or filaments
    • C22C47/02—Pretreatment of the fibres or filaments
    • C22C47/025—Aligning or orienting the fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
    • B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
    • B22C9/02—Sand moulds or like moulds for shaped castings
    • B22C9/04—Use of lost patterns
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D19/00—Casting in, on, or around objects which form part of the product
    • B22D19/14—Casting in, on, or around objects which form part of the product the objects being filamentary or particulate in form
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
    • B22F3/12—Both compacting and sintering
    • B22F3/1208—Containers or coating used therefor
    • B22F3/1258—Container manufacturing
    • B22F3/1275—Container manufacturing by coating a model and eliminating the model before consolidation
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C47/00—Making alloys containing metallic or non-metallic fibres or filaments
    • C22C47/02—Pretreatment of the fibres or filaments
    • C22C47/06—Pretreatment of the fibres or filaments by forming the fibres or filaments into a preformed structure, e.g. using a temporary binder to form a mat-like element
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C47/00—Making alloys containing metallic or non-metallic fibres or filaments
    • C22C47/02—Pretreatment of the fibres or filaments
    • C22C47/06—Pretreatment of the fibres or filaments by forming the fibres or filaments into a preformed structure, e.g. using a temporary binder to form a mat-like element
    • C22C47/062—Pretreatment of the fibres or filaments by forming the fibres or filaments into a preformed structure, e.g. using a temporary binder to form a mat-like element from wires or filaments only
    • C22C47/068—Aligning wires
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C47/00—Making alloys containing metallic or non-metallic fibres or filaments
    • C22C47/08—Making alloys containing metallic or non-metallic fibres or filaments by contacting the fibres or filaments with molten metal, e.g. by infiltrating the fibres or filaments placed in a mould
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F2998/00—Supplementary information concerning processes or compositions relating to powder metallurgy

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for producing Fiber composite investment castings according to the introductory part of Claim 1.
  • a method for producing precision castings in which using a model material Model formed, then a ceramic around the model Form built up, then the model material melted out, burned out and / or gasified and finally liquid metal is introduced into the mold.
  • Precision castings can be made using such a method produce very complex geometry. Because of one Geometry and due to the fact that after this Process formed ceramic form only relatively low Pressing when inserting the liquid metal into the mold withstands the use of Reinforcing fibers, i.e. the production of fiber composite investment castings not yet practiced.
  • EP-A-0 071 449 describes a method for producing fiber-reinforced investment castings known. It is about a model pre-body, which in a "volatile" Matrix material (model material) embedded fibers consists of a ceramic shape built with a gas-tight layer is provided (applying a coating of a ceramic sealant ", lines 24 and 15 of claim 1 of EP-A-0 071 449).
  • the ceramic shape is with an inlet and provided with an outlet. After the volatilization of the Model material is the liquid metal through the inlet introduced, by generating a vacuum on Outlet a pressure drop within the ceramic form is built up. As a result of this pressure drop, the Fiber material can be permeated with the liquid metal.
  • the fiber material must be be arranged between the inlet and the outlet, so that the ceramic shape is divided into two half-spaces, with the inlet in one and the outlet in the other flows into. It must be avoided that a ("Bypass -") connection between inlet and outlet is created, which does not extend exclusively through the fiber material and / or past the fiber material. Otherwise would namely an infiltration of the fiber material with the liquid metal not or only insufficiently and only take place in certain areas.
  • the fiber material must thus arranged in the form and beyond this shape should be such that the (only) Outlet on the side of the fiber material facing away from the inlet located.
  • the invention has for its object a method for the production of fiber-reinforced investment castings create with which investment castings of different complex Have shape created.
  • mineral fibers are used as fibers. These can be Al 2 O 3 or SiC fibers which are, for example, 10 ⁇ m thick. Handling such fibers can be a health hazard if these fibers are exposed. According to the present method, however, it is possible to machine such fibers mechanically into preforms. When handling these preforms, these fibers are then enclosed by the model material and are therefore no longer a health hazard.
  • the fibers in the form of a bundle of Monofilaments or multifilaments or as woven, non-woven or scrims or as fiber preforms with bridges You can choose from the options given here the respective forms and requirements of the Be cast.
  • wax will be used as the model material becomes.
  • This model material is the most commonly used and usually the easiest to treat. For its removal from the mold is only a relatively low one Energy expenditure required.
  • the method according to the invention can also be carried out in this way be used as a model material plastic resin becomes. Because of the selected fibers and also with regard to this model material for special applications may be particularly suitable.
  • the preform at the ends or edges is freed from the model material and thus the exposed Lots of fibers when building the ceramic form in these are fixedly embedded. In this way, the Preform particularly precise in shape and thus in the too creating casting are placed.
  • the method according to the invention can also be carried out in this way be that the preform by appropriate shaping Geometry and load requirements of the to be manufactured investment casting is adapted.
  • the model will consist of at least one Forebody is formed.
  • the forebody can therefore immediately take the shape of the casting to be made, so no longer needs by applying model material to be trained.
  • Such an approach offers advantages, particularly for simple shapes.
  • one or more preforms for the purpose of the construction of a model are surrounded by model material. In this way, too, it can be made sufficiently precise Place the preform (s) in the model.
  • the method according to the invention requires for the exact Placement of the fibers no permanent bond in the form of Binder bridges or the like between the fibers, such as this is previously known when using preforms. There Such preform trusses hinder metal infiltration.
  • such bridges are dispensed with because the Fibers in the preform are held by the model material until the mold cavity is closed and then the model material is removed.
  • Fig. 1 is shown schematically how from “endless” Fibers 1 strand-shaped cut to the desired length Preform 2 are formed.
  • Preform 2 Preform 2
  • several fibers 1 by rolling through a heated wax bath 4 passed through and impregnated with wax, see above that all individual fibers 1 are wetted with wax.
  • Impregnated wax fiber strand is in a heated die 5 shaped into the desired cross section and in one subsequent cooling device 6 solidified.
  • the thus obtained initially "endless” wax fiber preform is by means of a separator 3 to the desired lengths cut to length.
  • Fig. 2 shows some examples of different cross sections such preform 2. Profiles can be made in this way with a high packing density of the fibers as well as profiles with high section modulus and combinations thereof realize.
  • Fig. 2 is also a flat Preform 7 shown, which e.g. created in the form of a fabric can be.
  • Fig. 3 shows an embodiment of a half 8 of a injection mold consisting of two halves.
  • a pre-body 2 inserted around which a model 9 is built.
  • the preform 2 protrudes both ends beyond the model 9.
  • the preform 2 overmolded with model wax through an injection channel 10 and so that the model contour is filled.
  • Fig. 4 shows an embodiment of a half 12 of a Injection mold, with the inserted preform 2 not emerge from the model body.
  • winding devices for inserting the preform 2 in reproducible model positions in the injection mold can be used winding devices. After Closing the injection mold also becomes model wax here injected, which surrounds the preform (s), so that a model is formed.
  • Fig. 5 shows a finished model with exiting from it exposed fiber ends. These ends are used for fixation the fibers 1 in an investment casting shell.
  • the exposed Lots of fibers are through at Investment casting molds used ceramic slip and sanding material surround and thus firmly in the emerging Form shell anchored.
  • the model material is then melted, burned out, gasified or triggered. When the metal is introduced, it can be placed in the molded shell anchored fibers no longer from their specified, desired Position can be moved out.
  • FIG. 6 finally shows the model according to FIG. 5 in one formed from ceramic slip and sanding material Investment casting shell.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Alloys Or Alloy Compounds (AREA)
  • Mold Materials And Core Materials (AREA)

Abstract

A process for producing fiber composite precision castings is disclosed. At least a preliminary pattern body, which is then used as part of a pattern or the pattern itself, is produced with fibers and with a pattern material. A ceramic mold is then formed around the pattern. The pattern material is then removed and liquid, liquid-solid or powdery metal is introduced into the mold; when powdery metal is introduced into the mold, it is at least partially liquefied. This process allows precision castings having an increased resistance to be produced with a relatively simple casting equipment.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Herstellung von Faserverbund-Feingußteilen gemäß dem einleitenden Teil von Anspruch 1.The invention relates to a method for producing Fiber composite investment castings according to the introductory part of Claim 1.

Es ist ein Verfahren zur Herstellung von Feingußteilen bekannt, bei dem unter Verwendung eines Modellwerkstoffs ein Modell gebildet, dann um das Modell herum eine keramische Form aufgebaut, anschließend der Modellwerkstoff ausgeschmolzen, ausgebrannt und/oder vergast und schließlich flüssiges Metall in die Form eingebracht wird.A method for producing precision castings is known, in which using a model material Model formed, then a ceramic around the model Form built up, then the model material melted out, burned out and / or gasified and finally liquid metal is introduced into the mold.

Nach einem derartigen Verfahren lassen sich Feingußteile sehr komplexer Geometrie herstellen. Aufgrund einer solchen Geometrie und aufgrund der Tatsache, daß die nach diesem Verfahren gebildete keramische Form nur relativ niedrigen Drücken beim Einbringen des flüssigen Metalls in die Form standhält, wird bei diesem Verfahren die Verwendung von Verstärkungsfasern, also die Herstellung von Faserverbund-Feingußteilen, noch nicht praktiziert. Precision castings can be made using such a method produce very complex geometry. Because of one Geometry and due to the fact that after this Process formed ceramic form only relatively low Pressing when inserting the liquid metal into the mold withstands the use of Reinforcing fibers, i.e. the production of fiber composite investment castings not yet practiced.

Aus EP-A-0 071 449 ist ein Verfahren zum Herstellen von faserverstärkten Feingußteilen bekannt. Dabei wird um einen Modell-Vorkörper, der aus in einem "flüchtigen" Matrix-Material (Modellwerkstoff) eingebetteten Fasern besteht, eine keramische Form aufgebaut, die mit einer gasdichten Schicht versehen ist (applying a coating of a ceramic sealant", Zeilen 24 und 15 von Anspruch 1 von EP-A-0 071 449). Die keramische Form ist mit einem Einlaß und mit einem Auslaß versehen. Nach dem Verflüchtigen des Modellwerkstoffs wird über den Einlaß das flüssige Metall eingebracht, wobei durch Erzeugen eines Unterdrucks am Auslaß ein Druckgefälle innerhalb der keramischen Form aufgebaut wird. Infolge dieses Druckgefälles soll das Fasermaterial mit dem flüssigen Metall durchsetzt werden. Damit dies auch tatsächlich erfolgt, muß das Fasermaterial zwischen dem Einlaß und dem Auslaß angeordnet sein, so daß die keramische Form in zwei Halbräume unterteilt ist, wobei in den einen der Einlaß und in den anderen der Auslaß einmündet. Es muß nämlich vermieden werden, daß eine ("Bypass-")Verbindung zwischen Einlaß und Auslaß entsteht, die sich ausschließlich nicht durch das Fasermaterial erstreckt und/oder an dem Fasermaterial vorbeiführt. Andernfalls würde nämlich eine Infiltration des Fasermaterials mit dem flüssigen Metall nicht oder nur unzureichend und lediglich bereichsweise erfolgen. Das Fasermaterial muß also derart in der Form angeordnet und darüber hinaus diese Form derart ausgebildet sein, daß sich der (einzige) Auslaß an der dem Einlaß abgewandten Seite des Fasermaterials befindet. Diese Erfordernisse der Abschottung des Auslasses gegenüber dem Einlaß durch das dazwischen befindliche Fasermaterial schränken die Gestaltungsmöglichkeiten der nach dem bekannten Verfahren herstellbaren Feingußteile recht stark ein.EP-A-0 071 449 describes a method for producing fiber-reinforced investment castings known. It is about a model pre-body, which in a "volatile" Matrix material (model material) embedded fibers consists of a ceramic shape built with a gas-tight layer is provided (applying a coating of a ceramic sealant ", lines 24 and 15 of claim 1 of EP-A-0 071 449). The ceramic shape is with an inlet and provided with an outlet. After the volatilization of the Model material is the liquid metal through the inlet introduced, by generating a vacuum on Outlet a pressure drop within the ceramic form is built up. As a result of this pressure drop, the Fiber material can be permeated with the liquid metal. For this to actually take place, the fiber material must be be arranged between the inlet and the outlet, so that the ceramic shape is divided into two half-spaces, with the inlet in one and the outlet in the other flows into. It must be avoided that a ("Bypass -") connection between inlet and outlet is created, which does not extend exclusively through the fiber material and / or past the fiber material. Otherwise would namely an infiltration of the fiber material with the liquid metal not or only insufficiently and only take place in certain areas. The fiber material must thus arranged in the form and beyond this shape should be such that the (only) Outlet on the side of the fiber material facing away from the inlet located. These foreclosure requirements the outlet opposite the inlet through the one in between existing fiber material limit the design options that can be produced by the known method Investment castings are quite strong.

Aus DE-A-15 08 655 ist es bekannt, ein vergasbares Gießmodell aus aufgeschäumtem Kunststoff zum Schutz der Oberfläche mit einem Überzug zu versehen, der als ein aus einem anorganischen hitzebeständigen Fasermaterial bestehenden Gewebe besteht. Dieser Überzug weist eine Gießöffnung auf, über die nach dem Vergasen des Gießmodells flüssiges Metall in den vom Überzug umschlossenen Raum eingebracht wird.From DE-A-15 08 655 it is known a gasifiable casting model made of foamed plastic to protect the surface to be provided with a coating that as an out an inorganic heat-resistant fiber material Tissue. This coating has a pouring opening on, after gasifying the casting model liquid metal in the space enclosed by the coating is introduced.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Verfahren zum Herstellen von faserverstärkten Feingußteilen zu schaffen, mit dem sich Feingußteile unterschiedlicher komplexer Gestalt herstellen lassen.The invention has for its object a method for the production of fiber-reinforced investment castings create with which investment castings of different complex Have shape created.

Diese Aufgabe wird bei einem Verfahren der eingangs erwähnten Art erfindungsgemäß durch die Merkmale des Anspruchs 1 gelöst. Aus einem Modellwerkstoff und aus in diesen eingebetteten Fasern wird mindestens ein Modell-Vorkörper erzeugt, der Bestandteil eines Modells oder das Modell selbst wird; dann wird um das Modell herum eine gasdurchlässige keramische Form aufgebaut, anschließend der Modellwerkstoff entfernt, wobei die Fasern des Modell-Vorkörpers in der keramischen Form verbleiben; schließlich wird Metall flüssig, flüssig-fest oder pulverförmig in die Form eingebracht, wobei im Falle einer pulverförmigen Einbringung das Metall in der Form zumindest teilweise verflüssigt wird. Ein solcher Vorkörper bietet weitreichende Gestaltungsfreiheit. Der Vorkörper kann also dem zu erzeugenden Gußteil leicht angepaßt werden. Damit kann der Faserverlauf und die damit bezweckte Materialverstärkung im Gußteil plaziert an den gewünschten Stellen erreicht werden. Die Gasdurchlässigkeit der Form und das Druckgefälle zwischen dem Inneren und der Umgebung der Form gewährleisten das vollständige Ausfüllen der Zwischenräume zwischen den Fasern mit Metall. This object is achieved in a method of the type mentioned at the beginning Art solved according to the invention by the features of claim 1. From a model material and from fibers embedded in it generates at least one model pre-body, which is part of a model or the model itself; then a gas permeable around the model ceramic Form built up, then the model material removed, the fibers of the model body in the ceramic shape remain; finally metal becomes liquid, liquid-solid or introduced into the mold in powder form, in which In the case of powdery introduction, the metal in the Form is at least partially liquefied. Such a pre-body offers extensive freedom of design. The forebody can be easily adapted to the casting to be produced will. This allows the fiber flow and the purpose Reinforced material placed in the casting at the desired one Positions can be reached. The gas permeability of the form and that Ensure pressure drops between the interior and the surroundings of the mold the complete filling of the spaces between the Fibers with metal.

Durch Pressen und/oder Saugen werden die Zwischenräume zwischen den Fasern mit flüssigem Metall vollständig ausgefüllt. Das Pressen erfolgt durch Druckeinwirkung auf das in der Form befindliche flüssige Metall, das Saugen dadurch, daß die gasdurchlässige Form in einen Behälter eingesetzt wird, in dem Unterdruck herrscht. By pressing and / or sucking the spaces between the fibers liquid metal completely filled. The pressing takes place by pressure on the in the mold liquid metal, the suction in that the gas permeable Form is inserted into a container in which negative pressure prevails.

Gemäß einer Weiterbildung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens ist vorgesehen, daß als Fasern Mineralfasern verwendet werden. Dabei kann es sich um Al2O3- oder SiC-Fasern handeln, die z.B. 10 µm dick sind. Der Umgang mit derartigen Fasern kann eine Gesundheitsgefährdung darstellen, wenn diese Fasern freiliegen. Nach dem vorliegenden Verfahren ist es aber möglich, derartige Fasern maschinell zu Vorkörpern zu verarbeiten. Beim Handling dieser Vorkörper sind diese Fasern aber dann von dem Modellwerkstoff eingeschlossen und demzufolge nicht mehr gesundheitsgefährdend.According to a development of the method according to the invention it is provided that mineral fibers are used as fibers. These can be Al 2 O 3 or SiC fibers which are, for example, 10 µm thick. Handling such fibers can be a health hazard if these fibers are exposed. According to the present method, however, it is possible to machine such fibers mechanically into preforms. When handling these preforms, these fibers are then enclosed by the model material and are therefore no longer a health hazard.

Gemäß einer Weiterbildung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens ist vorgesehen, daß die Fasern in Form eines Bündels von Monofilamenten oder Multifilamenten oder als Gewebe, Vliese oder Gelege oder als Faservorformlinge mit Bindebrücken verwendet werden. Die Auswahl aus den hier gegebenen Möglichkeiten kann nach den jeweiligen Formen und Erfordernissen des zu erstellenden Gußteils getroffen werden.According to a development of the method according to the invention it is envisaged that the fibers in the form of a bundle of Monofilaments or multifilaments or as woven, non-woven or scrims or as fiber preforms with bridges. You can choose from the options given here the respective forms and requirements of the Be cast.

Nach einer Weiterbildung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens ist vorgesehen, daß als Modellwerkstoff Wachs verwendet wird. Dieser Modellwerkstoff ist der am häufigsten angewandte und in der Regel am einfachsten zu behandelnde. Für seine Entfernung aus der Form ist nur ein relativ niedriger Energieaufwand erforderlich.After a further development of the method according to the invention it is envisaged that wax will be used as the model material becomes. This model material is the most commonly used and usually the easiest to treat. For its removal from the mold is only a relatively low one Energy expenditure required.

Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren kann ferner so ausgeführt werden, daß als Modellwerkstoff Kunststoffharz verwendet wird. Aufgrund der ausgewählten Fasern und auch im Hinblick auf die jeweilige Raumform kann dieser Modellwerkstoff für spezielle Anwendungen besonders geeignet sein.The method according to the invention can also be carried out in this way be used as a model material plastic resin becomes. Because of the selected fibers and also with regard to this model material for special applications may be particularly suitable.

Nach einer Weiterbildung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens ist vorgesehen, daß der Vorkörper an den Enden oder Rändern von dem Modellwerkstoff befreit wird und die somit freiliegenden Faserpartien beim Aufbau der keramischen Form in diese fixiert eingebettet werden. Auf diese Weise kann der Vorkörper besonders exakt in der Form und damit in dem zu erstellenden Gußteil plaziert werden.After a further development of the method according to the invention it is provided that the preform at the ends or edges is freed from the model material and thus the exposed Lots of fibers when building the ceramic form in these are fixedly embedded. In this way, the Preform particularly precise in shape and thus in the too creating casting are placed.

Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren kann ferner so ausgeführt werden, daß der Vorkörper durch entsprechende Formung den Erfordernissen hinsichtlich Geometrie und Belastung des herzustellenden Feingußteils angepaßt wird.The method according to the invention can also be carried out in this way be that the preform by appropriate shaping Geometry and load requirements of the to be manufactured investment casting is adapted.

Gemäß einer Weiterbildung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens ist vorgesehen, daß das Modell allein aus mindestens einem Vorkörper gebildet wird. Der Vorkörper kann also schon unmittelbar die Form des zu erstellenden Gußteils einnehmen, braucht also nicht mehr durch das Aufbringen von Modellwerkstoff weitergebildet zu werden. Ein solches Vorgehen bietet insbesondere bei einfachen Formen Vorteile. According to a development of the method according to the invention it is envisaged that the model will consist of at least one Forebody is formed. The forebody can therefore immediately take the shape of the casting to be made, so no longer needs by applying model material to be trained. Such an approach offers advantages, particularly for simple shapes.

Gemäß einer Weiterbildung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens ist vorgesehen, daß ein oder mehrere Vorkörper zum Zwecke des Aufbaus eines Modells mit Modellwerkstoff umgeben werden. Auch auf diese Weise läßt sich eine ausreichend präzise Plazierung des bzw. der Vorkörper in dem Modell herbeiführen.According to a development of the method according to the invention it is contemplated that one or more preforms for the purpose of the construction of a model are surrounded by model material. In this way, too, it can be made sufficiently precise Place the preform (s) in the model.

Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren erfordert für die genaue Plazierung der Fasern keine bleibende Bindung in Form von Binderbrücken oder dergl. zwischen den Fasern, wie dies bisher bei der Verwendung von Preforms bekannt ist. Dort behindern derartige Binderbrücken der Preforms die Metallinfiltration. Beim erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren kann auf derartige Binderbrücken deshalb verzichtet werden, weil die Fasern in dem Vorkörper solange von dem Modellwerkstoff gehalten werden, bis der Formhohlraum geschlossen ist und dann der Modellwerkstoff entfernt wird.The method according to the invention requires for the exact Placement of the fibers no permanent bond in the form of Binder bridges or the like between the fibers, such as this is previously known when using preforms. There Such preform trusses hinder metal infiltration. In the method according to the invention, such bridges are dispensed with because the Fibers in the preform are held by the model material until the mold cavity is closed and then the model material is removed.

Im folgenden Teil der Beschreibung werden einige Ausführungsformen des erfindunggemäßen Verfahrens anhand von Zeichnungen beschrieben. Es zeigt:

Fig. 1
eine Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von stab- oder blockförmigen Vorkörpern,
Fig. 2
Beispiele von Querschnitten derartiger Formkörper,
Fig. 3
ein Ausführungsbeispiel einer Hälfte eines Spritzgießwerkzeuges mit eingelegtem Vorkörper in Draufsicht und Seitenansicht,
Fig. 4
ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel einer Hälfte eines Spritzwerkzeugs mit eingelegtem Vorkörper,
Fig. 5
ein fertiges Modell mit an den Enden freiliegenden Faserpartien und
Fig. 6
das Modell nach Fig. 5 eingebettet in eine Formschale.
In the following part of the description, some embodiments of the method according to the invention are described with reference to drawings. It shows:
Fig. 1
a device for producing rod-shaped or block-shaped preforms,
Fig. 2
Examples of cross sections of such shaped bodies,
Fig. 3
1 shows an exemplary embodiment of a half of an injection mold with an inserted pre-body in a top view and a side view,
Fig. 4
another embodiment of a half of an injection mold with inserted pre-body,
Fig. 5
a finished model with exposed fiber sections at the ends and
Fig. 6
5 embedded in a molded shell.

In Fig. 1 ist schematisch dargestellt, wie aus "endlosen" Fasern 1 auf die gewünschte Länge zugeschnittene strangförmige Vorkörper 2 gebildet werden. Zu diesem Zwecke werden mehrere Fasern 1 mittels Rollen durch ein beheiztes Wachsbad 4 hindurchgeführt und dort mit Wachs imprägniert, so daß alle einzelnen Fasern 1 mit Wachs benetzt sind. Der so imprägnierte Wachs-Faserstrang wird in einer beheizten Matrize 5 zu dem gewünschten Querschnitt geformt und in einer nachfolgenden Kühleinrichtung 6 verfestigt. Der somit erhaltene, zunächst "endlose" Wachs-Faser-Vorkörper wird mittels einer Trennvorrichtung 3 auf die gewünschten Längen abgelängt.In Fig. 1 is shown schematically how from "endless" Fibers 1 strand-shaped cut to the desired length Preform 2 are formed. For this purpose several fibers 1 by rolling through a heated wax bath 4 passed through and impregnated with wax, see above that all individual fibers 1 are wetted with wax. The way Impregnated wax fiber strand is in a heated die 5 shaped into the desired cross section and in one subsequent cooling device 6 solidified. The thus obtained initially "endless" wax fiber preform is by means of a separator 3 to the desired lengths cut to length.

Fig. 2 zeigt einige Beispiele verschiedener Querschnitte derartiger Vorkörper 2. Es lassen sich auf diese Weise Profile mit einer großen Packungsdichte der Fasern sowie Profile mit hohem Widerstandsmoment und Kombinationen daraus realisieren. In Fig. 2 ist ferner ein flächig ausgebildeter Vorkörper 7 dargestellt, der z.B. in Form eines Gewebes erstellt werden kann.2 shows some examples of different cross sections such preform 2. Profiles can be made in this way with a high packing density of the fibers as well as profiles with high section modulus and combinations thereof realize. In Fig. 2 is also a flat Preform 7 shown, which e.g. created in the form of a fabric can be.

Fig. 3 zeigt ein Ausführungsbeispiel einer Hälfte 8 eines aus zwei Hälften bestehenden Spritzgießwerkzeuges. In dieser Hälfte 8 ist ein Vorkörper 2 eingelegt, um den herum ein Modell 9 aufgebaut ist. Dabei ragt der Vorkörper 2 an seinen beiden Enden über das Modell 9 hinaus. Nach dem Zusammensetzen des Spritzgießwerkzeuges wird der Vorkörper 2 durch einen Einspritzkanal 10 mit Modellwachs umspritzt und damit die Modellkontur ausgefüllt.Fig. 3 shows an embodiment of a half 8 of a injection mold consisting of two halves. In this Half 8 is a pre-body 2 inserted around which a model 9 is built. The preform 2 protrudes both ends beyond the model 9. After assembling of the injection mold, the preform 2 overmolded with model wax through an injection channel 10 and so that the model contour is filled.

Fig. 4 zeigt ein Ausführungsbeispiel einer Hälfte 12 eines Spritzgießwerkzeuges, bei dem eingelegte Vorkörper 2 nicht aus dem Modellkörper austreten. Zum Einlegen der Vorkörper 2 in reproduzierbare Modellpositionen im Spritzgießwerkzeug können Wickelvorrichtungen eingesetzt werden. Nach Schließen des Spritzgießwerkzeuges wird auch hier Modellwachs eingespritzt, das den bzw. die Vorkörper umschließt, so daß ein Modell gebildet wird.Fig. 4 shows an embodiment of a half 12 of a Injection mold, with the inserted preform 2 not emerge from the model body. For inserting the preform 2 in reproducible model positions in the injection mold can be used winding devices. After Closing the injection mold also becomes model wax here injected, which surrounds the preform (s), so that a model is formed.

Fig. 5 zeigt ein fertiges Modell mit aus diesem austretenden freigelegten Faserenden. Diese Enden dienen zur Fixierung der Fasern 1 in einer Feingußformschale. Die freigelegten Faserpartien werden durch bei der Feingußformschalenherstellung verwendeten Keramikschlicker und Besandungsmaterial umgeben und somit fest in der entstehenden Formschale verankert. Der Modellwerkstoff wird dann ausgeschmolzen, ausgebrannt, vergast oder ausgelöst. Beim Einbringen des Metalls können die so in der Formschale verankerten Fasern nicht mehr aus ihrer vorgegebenen, gewünschten Position herausbewegt werden.Fig. 5 shows a finished model with exiting from it exposed fiber ends. These ends are used for fixation the fibers 1 in an investment casting shell. The exposed Lots of fibers are through at Investment casting molds used ceramic slip and sanding material surround and thus firmly in the emerging Form shell anchored. The model material is then melted, burned out, gasified or triggered. When the metal is introduced, it can be placed in the molded shell anchored fibers no longer from their specified, desired Position can be moved out.

Fig. 6 schließlich zeigt das Modell gemäß Fig. 5 in einer aus Keramikschlicker und Besandungsmaterial gebildeten Feingußformschale.FIG. 6 finally shows the model according to FIG. 5 in one formed from ceramic slip and sanding material Investment casting shell.

Claims (10)

  1. A process for producing fiber composite investment castings, wherein
    at least one preliminary pattern body is made of a pattern material and of fibers embedded therein, which is then used as part of a pattern or the pattern itself, - a ceramic mold is then formed around the pattern,
    the pattern material is subsequently removed by melting off and/or burning out and/or gasifying, with the fibers of the preliminary pattern body remaining in the ceramic mold, and
    liquid metal is finally introduced into the mold,
    characterized in
    that the mold formed around the pattern is gas-impermeable and that the pressure in the mold environment is lowered below the pressure in the mold interior, or the pressure in the mold interior is raised above the pressure in the mold mold environment.
  2. The process according to claim 1, characterized in that mineral fibers are used as said fibers.
  3. The process according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the fibers are used in the form of a bundle of monofilaments or multifilaments or as wovens, nonwovens or laid-down fibers or as fiber parisons with binder bridges.
  4. The process according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that wax is used as pattern material.
  5. The process according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that synthetic resin is used as pattern material.
  6. The process according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the preliminary body is freed from the pattern material at the ends or edges and the thus bare fiber sections are fixedly embedded into the ceramic mold when forming it.
  7. The process according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the preliminary body is adapted by corresponding shaping to the requirements with respect to geometry and load of the investment casting to be produced.
  8. The process according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the pattern body is solely made of at least one preliminary body.
  9. The process according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that one or a plurality of preliminary bodies are surrounded by pattern material for forming a pattern.
  10. The process according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the gas-impermeable ceramic mold is inserted into a vessel wherein a vacuum is generated.
EP93918973A 1992-09-16 1993-09-10 Process for producing fiber composite precision castings Expired - Lifetime EP0660765B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4230970 1992-09-16
DE4230970A DE4230970C1 (en) 1992-09-16 1992-09-16 Process for the production of investment castings
PCT/DE1993/000836 WO1994006582A1 (en) 1992-09-16 1993-09-10 Process for producing fiber composite precision castings

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0660765A1 EP0660765A1 (en) 1995-07-05
EP0660765B1 true EP0660765B1 (en) 1998-01-07

Family

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EP93918973A Expired - Lifetime EP0660765B1 (en) 1992-09-16 1993-09-10 Process for producing fiber composite precision castings

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US (1) US5649585A (en)
EP (1) EP0660765B1 (en)
CA (1) CA2144655A1 (en)
DE (2) DE4230970C1 (en)
WO (1) WO1994006582A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6776219B1 (en) * 1999-09-20 2004-08-17 Metal Matrix Cast Composites, Inc. Castable refractory investment mold materials and methods of their use in infiltration casting
CN1684786A (en) 2002-08-20 2005-10-19 美国挤压研磨公司 Casting process and articles for performing the same
DE10323720A1 (en) * 2003-05-24 2004-12-30 Daimlerchrysler Ag Method for producing a workpiece from a composite material
DE10332367B4 (en) * 2003-07-17 2008-02-14 Ks Aluminium-Technologie Ag Process for the production of metallic castings by means of full-casting
US9649687B2 (en) 2014-06-20 2017-05-16 United Technologies Corporation Method including fiber reinforced casting article
CN109304452A (en) * 2018-11-02 2019-02-05 罗源县白塔乡企业服务中心 A kind of preparation method of Cu-Al bimetal composite material

Family Cites Families (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1508655C3 (en) * 1965-10-16 1974-08-29 Gruenzweig + Hartmann Und Glasfaser Ag, 6700 Ludwigshafen Inorganic coating for a gasifiable casting model and its application
JPS5768261A (en) * 1980-10-15 1982-04-26 Komatsu Ltd Production of turbine impeller
US4476916A (en) * 1981-07-27 1984-10-16 Nusbaum Henry J Method of casting metal matrix composite in ceramic shell mold
JPS5829564A (en) * 1981-08-17 1983-02-21 Mazda Motor Corp Production of fiber reinforced composite body
DE3532183A1 (en) * 1985-09-10 1986-01-30 Hans 8450 Amberg Haimerl Metal-casting process for the production of thin-walled objects without a mechanical casting operation
DE8717657U1 (en) * 1987-08-29 1989-09-21 Eisengießerei Monforts GmbH & Co, 4050 Mönchengladbach Cast body model
WO1989009669A1 (en) * 1988-04-15 1989-10-19 Sandvik Australia Pty. Limited Composite hard metal-metal components
JPH0489155A (en) * 1990-08-02 1992-03-23 Hitachi Metal Precision Ltd Manufacture of precise casting having complex part
US5394930A (en) * 1990-09-17 1995-03-07 Kennerknecht; Steven Casting method for metal matrix composite castings
JPH04143063A (en) * 1990-10-04 1992-05-18 Sankyo Eng Kk Production of composite casting added with reinforcing material

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO1994006582A1 (en) 1994-03-31
DE59307953D1 (en) 1998-02-12
EP0660765A1 (en) 1995-07-05
CA2144655A1 (en) 1994-03-31
DE4230970C1 (en) 1994-07-21
US5649585A (en) 1997-07-22

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