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EP0628671B1 - Insulating building block - Google Patents

Insulating building block Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0628671B1
EP0628671B1 EP94108602A EP94108602A EP0628671B1 EP 0628671 B1 EP0628671 B1 EP 0628671B1 EP 94108602 A EP94108602 A EP 94108602A EP 94108602 A EP94108602 A EP 94108602A EP 0628671 B1 EP0628671 B1 EP 0628671B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
insulating block
vertical
shaft
insulating
filling
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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EP94108602A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0628671A1 (en
Inventor
Michael D. Wolf
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Individual
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Individual
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2/42—Walls having cavities between, as well as in, the elements; Walls of elements each consisting of two or more parts, kept in distance by means of spacers, at least one of the parts having cavities
    • E04B2/44—Walls having cavities between, as well as in, the elements; Walls of elements each consisting of two or more parts, kept in distance by means of spacers, at least one of the parts having cavities using elements having specially-designed means for stabilising the position; Spacers for cavity walls
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2/42—Walls having cavities between, as well as in, the elements; Walls of elements each consisting of two or more parts, kept in distance by means of spacers, at least one of the parts having cavities
    • E04B2/44—Walls having cavities between, as well as in, the elements; Walls of elements each consisting of two or more parts, kept in distance by means of spacers, at least one of the parts having cavities using elements having specially-designed means for stabilising the position; Spacers for cavity walls
    • E04B2/46—Walls having cavities between, as well as in, the elements; Walls of elements each consisting of two or more parts, kept in distance by means of spacers, at least one of the parts having cavities using elements having specially-designed means for stabilising the position; Spacers for cavity walls by interlocking of projections or inserts with indentations, e.g. of tongues, grooves, dovetails
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2002/0202—Details of connections
    • E04B2002/0204—Non-undercut connections, e.g. tongue and groove connections
    • E04B2002/0208—Non-undercut connections, e.g. tongue and groove connections of trapezoidal shape

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an insulating block for masonry to be erected without jointing mortar, with a horizontal filling channel running along the top of the stone, with a vertical filling shaft crossing the horizontal filling channel and running inside the insulating block, with a plurality of louvers running at least partially parallel to the side walls of the insulating block, whereby A vertical shaft cutout is provided in each of the two end walls of the insulating block, which forms a common filler shaft with an assigned shaft cutout of the adjacent insulating block, and wherein an air slot open to the front side of the insulating block is arranged on both sides of the respective shaft cutout, with a corresponding louver of the each adjacent dam is aligned.
  • Such an insulating block is known from US-A-2634602.
  • Such insulation bricks are used to build masonry without grouting. For this purpose, several layers of insulating blocks are put dry. Subsequently, liquid mortar, namely normal mortar or lightweight wall mortar (LM 21) is introduced into the vertical filling shafts and flows into the horizontal and vertical filling channels, so that a grid of mortar is created within the masonry, which ensures a secure bond between the masonry.
  • liquid mortar namely normal mortar or lightweight wall mortar (LM 21) is introduced into the vertical filling shafts and flows into the horizontal and vertical filling channels, so that a grid of mortar is created within the masonry, which ensures a secure bond between the masonry.
  • the insulating blocks are provided on their front sides and on their top and bottom with projections or recesses which interlock in the manner of tongue and groove. This ensures mutual alignment of the insulating blocks and sealing of the filling channels to the outside, so that the filling mortar cannot penetrate to the outer side surfaces of the insulating blocks. This prevents the formation of thermal bridges in the area of the butt joints and bed joints.
  • MH insulating stone brochure from the MH central company, Darmstadt
  • two vertical filling shafts are provided within the insulating stone.
  • the end walls of adjacent insulation bricks lie close together so that no mortar can penetrate the butt joint.
  • the louvers are only open towards the bottom of the stone to prevent mortar from penetrating the louvers.
  • each vertical filling shaft and the adjacent end face of the insulating block is relatively small, so that air slots which are not sufficiently effective cannot be accommodated in this area.
  • a plurality of air slots which overlap and run parallel to the side walls are provided.
  • the object of the invention is therefore to design an insulating block of the type mentioned at the outset in such a way that the louvers maintain their insulating function even when the filling channels and filling shafts are filled with mortar.
  • the insulating block which is provided with at least one vertical filling shaft, with a vertical projection formed on one end wall and one on the opposite End wall trained vertical recess is provided, which form a mortar-tight tongue and groove connection of adjacent insulating blocks, that the respective vertical shaft recesses are provided in the vertical projection or in the vertical recess and that the respective louvers on both sides of the front vertical recess and the vertical Projection are arranged.
  • the arrangement of the filling shaft in the joint area within the mortar-tight tongue and groove connection means that no mortar can penetrate from the filling shaft towards the two side walls. This is the only way to provide air slots on both sides of this filling shaft, which are not interrupted by penetrating mortar in the butt joint area, but also form an effective insulation there towards the two outer sides of the masonry.
  • the air slots open towards the front overlap with other air slots within the insulating block.
  • An air slot is preferably arranged adjacent to and parallel to the two side walls and outside the horizontal filling channel, which is open at the top and bottom of the insulating block.
  • the filling shaft located inside the insulating stone is effectively insulated towards the side walls, the air slot continuing in the stone layer above or below.
  • the insulating block shown in the drawing preferably consists of a heat-insulating material, for example expanded clay bodies with a cement binder.
  • the insulating block is used to erect the masonry section by moving the insulating blocks dry and then adding backfill mortar to create the composite masonry.
  • the insulating brick shown in the drawing is approximately cuboid and has an upper side 1, a lower side 2, side walls 3 and end walls 4, 5.
  • One end wall (on the right in FIG. 1) has in its central region a vertically extending projection 6 which, in the manner of a tongue-and-groove connection, engages in a corresponding recess 7 in the other end wall 4 of the adjacent insulating block and is mortar-tight Connection forms.
  • the side walls of the projection 6 and the recess 7 can easily beveled so that the projection 6 engages in the widening 7 with a wedge effect.
  • a longitudinal projection 8 is provided on the underside 2, which engages in a corresponding recess 9 on the top side 1 of the insulation bricks below.
  • a flat, trough-shaped filling channel 10 which extends in the longitudinal direction and extends horizontally in each stone layer of the masonry over its entire length.
  • a vertical filling shaft 11 with a cylindrical cross section is arranged inside the insulating block and crosses the horizontal filling channel 10.
  • a vertical shaft recess 12, 13 is provided in the projection 6 or in the recess 7, which forms a common vertical filling shaft 14 with the associated shaft recess 13 or 12 of the respectively adjacent insulating block, such as is shown in Fig. 3.
  • the subsequent insulation block is partially shown with dash-dotted lines.
  • the vertical filling shaft 14 thus formed is largely sealed mortar-tight due to the interlocking tongue-and-groove connection on both outer sides.
  • louvers 15-19 all run parallel to the side walls 3. Since these louvers all run transversely to the direction of heat flow, they provide the greatest possible thermal insulation effect between the two side walls 3 of the insulating block.
  • louvers 15-19 are open towards the underside 2.
  • Air slots 15 of an internal group extend between the vertical filling shafts 11 and 14.
  • the air slots 16, which adjoin the outside in each case, extend up to the end walls 4, 5
  • This louvres 17 and on both sides of the front manhole cutouts 12 and 13, respectively, an air slot 19 is provided, which is open to the front side 4 and 5.
  • these louvers 19 of adjacent insulating bricks merge into one another and form a continuous louvre in the masonry structure, which insulates the filling ducts 14 formed in the butt joint area from the outside.
  • An air slot 18 is arranged adjacent and parallel to the two side walls 3, which is open on the top 1 and the bottom 2 of the insulating block. This air slot 18 lies outside the horizontal filling channel 10 and continues in the masonry structure in the corresponding air slots 18 of the stone layer arranged above or below, as indicated in FIG. 4.
  • the masonry constructed in this way has an essentially improved thermal insulation effect.
  • a heat transfer value k 0.47 W / m 0K.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Building Environments (AREA)
  • Conveying And Assembling Of Building Elements In Situ (AREA)
  • Table Devices Or Equipment (AREA)
  • Aftertreatments Of Artificial And Natural Stones (AREA)
  • Walking Sticks, Umbrellas, And Fans (AREA)

Abstract

An insulating block for masonrywork to be erected without jointing mortar exhibits a horizontal filling duct (10), running along the upper side (1) of the block, and a vertical filling duct (11), running within the insulating block. In each case one vertical shaft clearance (12 and 13) is provided in the two end walls (4, 5, respectively) of the insulating block. Said shaft clearance, together with the respectively associated shaft clearance of an adjacent insulating block, forms a common vertical filling shaft. <IMAGE>

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Dämmstein für ohne Fugenmörtel zu errichtendes Mauerwerk, mit einem entlang der Steinoberseite verlaufenden, horizontalen Verfüllkanal, mit einem den horizontalen Verfüllkanal kreuzenden, innerhalb des Dämmsteins verlaufenden vertikalen Verfüllschacht mit mehreren, mindestens teilweise parallel zu den Seitenwänden des Dämmsteins verlaufenden Luftschlitzen, wobei in den beiden Stirnwänden des Dämmsteins jeweils eine vertikale Schachtaussparung vorgesehen ist, die mit einer zugeordneten Schachtaussparung des jeweils benachbarten Dämmsteins einen gemeinsamen Verfüllschacht bildet, und wobei beiderseits der jeweiligen Schachtaussparung jeweils ein zur Stirnseite des Dämmsteins offener Luftschlitz angeordnet ist, der mit einem entsprechenden Luftschlitz des jeweils benachbarten Dämmsteins fluchtet. Ein derartiger Dämmstein ist aus der US-A-2634602 bekannt.The invention relates to an insulating block for masonry to be erected without jointing mortar, with a horizontal filling channel running along the top of the stone, with a vertical filling shaft crossing the horizontal filling channel and running inside the insulating block, with a plurality of louvers running at least partially parallel to the side walls of the insulating block, whereby A vertical shaft cutout is provided in each of the two end walls of the insulating block, which forms a common filler shaft with an assigned shaft cutout of the adjacent insulating block, and wherein an air slot open to the front side of the insulating block is arranged on both sides of the respective shaft cutout, with a corresponding louver of the each adjacent dam is aligned. Such an insulating block is known from US-A-2634602.

Derartige Dämmsteine dienen dazu, ein Mauerwerk ohne eine Fugenvermörtelung zu errichten. Hierzu werden mehrere Lagen von Dämmsteinen trocken versetzt. Anschließend wird flüssiger Mörtel, nämlich Normalmörtel oder Leichtmauermörtel (LM 21) in die vertikalen Verfüllschächte eingebracht und fließt in die horizontalen und vertikalen Verfüllkanäle, so daß innerhalb des Mauerwerks ein Gitter aus Mörtel entsteht, das einen sicheren Verbund des Mauerwerks gewährleistet.Such insulation bricks are used to build masonry without grouting. For this purpose, several layers of insulating blocks are put dry. Subsequently, liquid mortar, namely normal mortar or lightweight wall mortar (LM 21) is introduced into the vertical filling shafts and flows into the horizontal and vertical filling channels, so that a grid of mortar is created within the masonry, which ensures a secure bond between the masonry.

Üblicherweise sind die Dämmsteine an ihren Stirnseiten und an ihrer Ober- und Unterseite mit Vorsprüngen bzw. Rücksprüngen versehen, die nach Art von Nut und Feder ineinandergreifen. Damit wird eine gegenseitige Ausrichtung der Dämmsteine und eine Abdichtung der Verfüllkanäle nach außen erreicht, so daß der Verfüllmörtel nicht bis zu den außenliegenden Seitenflächen der Dämmsteine durchdringen kann. Dadurch wird die Bildung von Wärmebrücken im Bereich der Stoßfugen und Lagerfugen verhindert.Usually, the insulating blocks are provided on their front sides and on their top and bottom with projections or recesses which interlock in the manner of tongue and groove. This ensures mutual alignment of the insulating blocks and sealing of the filling channels to the outside, so that the filling mortar cannot penetrate to the outer side surfaces of the insulating blocks. This prevents the formation of thermal bridges in the area of the butt joints and bed joints.

Bei einem bekannten Dämmstein (Prospekt "MH-Dämmstein" der MH-Zentralgesellschaft, Darmstadt) sind jeweils zwei innerhalb des Dämmsteins verlaufende vertikale Verfüllschächte vorgesehen. Die Stirnwände benachbarter Dämmsteine liegen dicht aneinander, so daß kein Mörtel in die Stoßfuge eindringen kann. Die Luftschlitze sind nur zur Steinunterseite hin offen, um das Eindringen von Mörtel in die Luftschlitze zu verhindern.In the case of a known insulating stone ("MH insulating stone" brochure from the MH central company, Darmstadt), two vertical filling shafts are provided within the insulating stone. The end walls of adjacent insulation bricks lie close together so that no mortar can penetrate the butt joint. The louvers are only open towards the bottom of the stone to prevent mortar from penetrating the louvers.

Bei diesen bekannten Dämmsteinen ist der Abstand zwischen jedem vertikalen Verfüllschacht und der benachbarten Stirnfläche des Dämmsteins verhältnismäßig gering, so daß in diesem Bereich keine ausreichend wirksamen Luftschlitze untergebracht werden können. Insbesondere ist es in diesem Bereich nicht möglich, parallel zu den Seitenwänden des Dämmsteins und damit parallel zur Wandebene des Mauerwerks verlaufende Luftschlitze vorzusehen. Bei einem anderen bekannten Dämmstein (DE-A-29 04 129), der aber keine Verfüllkanäle und Verfüllschächte aufweist, sind mehrere, parallel zu den Seitenwänden verlaufende, einander überlappende Luftschlitze vorgesehen. Einige dieser Luftschlitze sind zu den Stirnseiten des Dämmsteins offen und gehen in entsprechende Luftschlitze des jeweils benachbarten Dämmsteins über.In these known insulating blocks, the distance between each vertical filling shaft and the adjacent end face of the insulating block is relatively small, so that air slots which are not sufficiently effective cannot be accommodated in this area. In particular, it is not possible in this area to provide air slots running parallel to the side walls of the insulating block and thus parallel to the wall plane of the masonry. In another known insulating block (DE-A-29 04 129), which, however, has no filling channels and filling shafts, a plurality of air slots which overlap and run parallel to the side walls are provided. Some of these louvers are open to the end faces of the insulating block and merge into corresponding louvers of the neighboring insulating block.

Bei einem weiteren bekannten Dämmstein, bei dem stirnseitige Schachtausnehmungen benachbarter Dämmsteine gemeinsam jeweils einen vertikalen Verfüllschacht bilden (DE-B-30 38 407), sind flache, parallel zu den Seitenwänden verlaufende vertikale Kanäle vorgesehen, die aber nur wenig zur Wärmedämmwirkung beitragen, weil zwischen ihnen verhältnismäßig breite Materialbrücken bestehen, die vor allem im Bereich der vertikalen Verfüllschächte zur Bildung von Wärmebrücken führen, die sich von einer Seitenwand zur gegenüberliegenden Seitenwand erstrecken.In another known insulation block, in which the front-side shaft recesses of adjacent insulation blocks each form a vertical filling shaft (DE-B-30 38 407), flat vertical channels running parallel to the side walls are provided, but these contribute little to the thermal insulation effect because between they have relatively wide material bridges, which lead to the formation of thermal bridges, especially in the area of the vertical filling shafts, which extend from one side wall to the opposite side wall.

Bei einem bekannten Dämmstein der eingangs genannten Gattung (US-A-2 634 602, Fig. 5) liegt die gesamte Stirnfläche des Dämmsteins, zu der sowohl die vertikale Schachtaussparung als auch die beiderseits davon liegenden Luftschlitze offen sind, in einer einzigen Ebene, in der die benachbarten Dämmsteine zusammenstoßen. Die jeweils zwischen der vertikalen Schachtaussparung und dem benachbarten offenen Luftschlitz liegenden Flächen sind relativ schmal, so daß es infolge der Ungenauigkeiten bei der Dämmsteinherstellung und der Verarbeitung unvermeidbar ist, daß der notwendigerweise verhältnismäßig flüssig eingefüllte Mörtel aus der vertikalen Schachtaussparung auch in die benachbarten Luftschlitze eindringt und deren Wärmeisolationswirkung dadurch mindestens teilweise unterbricht.In a known insulating block of the type mentioned at the beginning (US-A-2 634 602, Fig. 5), the entire end face of the insulating block, to which both the vertical shaft recess and the air slots on both sides of it are open, is in a single plane, in that collide the neighboring insulation bricks. The areas between the vertical manhole cutout and the adjacent open louvre are relatively narrow, so that it is inevitable due to the inaccuracies in the manufacture of the insulating stone and the processing that the necessarily relatively liquid mortar from the vertical manhole cutout also penetrates into the neighboring louvre slots and the thermal insulation effect thereby at least partially interrupts.

Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es daher, einen Dämmstein der eingangs genannten Gattung so auszubilden, daß die Luftschlitze ihre Isolierfunktion auch beibehalten, wenn die Verfüllkanäle und Verfüllschächte mit Mörtel verfüllt werden.The object of the invention is therefore to design an insulating block of the type mentioned at the outset in such a way that the louvers maintain their insulating function even when the filling channels and filling shafts are filled with mortar.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß dadurch gelöst, daß der Dämmstein, der mit mindestens einem vertikalen Verfüllschacht vorgesehen ist, mit einem an der einen Stirnwand ausgebildeten vertikalen Vorsprung und einer an der gegenüberliegenden Stirnwand ausgebildeten vertikalen Ausnehmung versehen ist, die eine mörteldichte Nut- und Feder-Verbindung benachbarter Dämmsteine bilden, daß die jeweiligen vertikalen Schachtaussparungen in den vertikalen Vorsprung bzw. in der vertikalen Ausnehmung vorgesehen sind und daß die jeweiligen Luftschlitze beiderseits der stirnseitigen vertikalen Ausnehmung und des vertikalen Vorsprungs angeordnet sind.This object is achieved in that the insulating block, which is provided with at least one vertical filling shaft, with a vertical projection formed on one end wall and one on the opposite End wall trained vertical recess is provided, which form a mortar-tight tongue and groove connection of adjacent insulating blocks, that the respective vertical shaft recesses are provided in the vertical projection or in the vertical recess and that the respective louvers on both sides of the front vertical recess and the vertical Projection are arranged.

Die Anordnung des im Stoßfugenbereich liegenden Verfüllschachts innerhalb der mörteldichten Nut- und-Feder-Verbindung bewirkt, daß kein Mörtel aus dem Verfüllschacht in Richtung zu den beiden Seitenwänden vordringen kann. Nur dadurch wird es ermöglicht, beiderseits dieses Verfüllschachts Luftschlitze vorzusehen, die im Stoßfugenbereich nicht durch eindringenden Mörtel unterbrochen werden, sondern gerade auch dort eine wirksame Isolierung zu den beiden Außenseiten des Mauerwerks hin bilden.The arrangement of the filling shaft in the joint area within the mortar-tight tongue and groove connection means that no mortar can penetrate from the filling shaft towards the two side walls. This is the only way to provide air slots on both sides of this filling shaft, which are not interrupted by penetrating mortar in the butt joint area, but also form an effective insulation there towards the two outer sides of the masonry.

Die stirnseitig offenen Luftschlitze aneinanderstoßender Dämmsteine gehen ineinander über und bilden somit im Bereich der Stoßfuge eine wirksame Wärmedämmung, durch die vor allem der dort gebildete Verfüllschacht zu den Außenseiten des Mauerwerks abgedämmt wird.The open air slots on the front of abutting insulation bricks merge into one another and thus form an effective thermal insulation in the area of the butt joint, through which the filling shaft formed there is insulated to the outside of the masonry.

Um eine besonders wirksame Wärmedämmung zu erreichen, ist vorzugsweise vorgesehen, daß sich die zur Stirnseite offenen Luftschlitze mit anderen Luftschlitzen innerhalb des Dämmsteins überlappen.In order to achieve a particularly effective thermal insulation, it is preferably provided that the air slots open towards the front overlap with other air slots within the insulating block.

Vorzugsweise ist jeweils benachbart und parallel zu den beiden Seitenwänden und außerhalb des horizontalen Verfüllkanals ein Luftschlitz angeordnet, der an der Oberseite und der Unterseite des Dämmsteins offen ist.An air slot is preferably arranged adjacent to and parallel to the two side walls and outside the horizontal filling channel, which is open at the top and bottom of the insulating block.

Dadurch wird auch der innerhalb des Dämmsteins liegende Verfüllschacht zu den Seitenwänden hin wirksam abgedämmt, wobei sich der Luftschlitz in der darüber- bzw. darunterliegenden Steinlage fortsetzt.As a result, the filling shaft located inside the insulating stone is effectively insulated towards the side walls, the air slot continuing in the stone layer above or below.

Die Erfindung wird nachfolgend an einem Ausführungsbeispiel näher erläutert, das in der Zeichnung dargestellt ist. Es zeigt:

  • Fig. 1 einen Dämmstein in einer Draufsicht,
  • Fig. 2 den Dämmstein nach Fig. 1 in einer Stirnansicht in Richtung des Pfeiles II in Fig. 1,
  • Fig. 3 eine Unteransicht des Dämmsteins nach Fig. 1 und
  • Fig. 4 einen Schnitt längs der Linie IV-IV in Fig. 1.
The invention is explained in more detail below using an exemplary embodiment which is illustrated in the drawing. It shows:
  • 1 is a top view of an insulating block,
  • 1 in an end view in the direction of arrow II in Fig. 1,
  • Fig. 3 is a bottom view of the insulating block according to Fig. 1 and
  • 4 shows a section along the line IV-IV in FIG. 1.

Der in der Zeichnung dargestellte Dämmstein besteht vorzugsweise aus einem wärmedämmendem Material, beispielsweise aus Blähton-Körpern mit Zement-Bindemittel. Der Dämmstein dient dazu, Mauerwerksabschnitt durch trockenes Versetzen der Dämmsteine zu errichten und anschließend Verfüllmörtel einzubringen, um den Mauerwerksverbund herzustellen.The insulating block shown in the drawing preferably consists of a heat-insulating material, for example expanded clay bodies with a cement binder. The insulating block is used to erect the masonry section by moving the insulating blocks dry and then adding backfill mortar to create the composite masonry.

Der in der Zeichnung dargestellte Dämmstein ist angenähert quaderförmig und weist eine Oberseite 1, eine Unterseite 2, Seitenwände 3 und Stirnwände 4, 5 auf.The insulating brick shown in the drawing is approximately cuboid and has an upper side 1, a lower side 2, side walls 3 and end walls 4, 5.

Die eine Stirnwand (rechts in Fig. 1) weist in ihrem mittleren Bereich einen senkrecht verlaufenden Vorsprung 6 auf, der nach Art einer Nut-und-Feder-Verbindung in eine entsprechende Ausnehmung 7 der anderen stirnwand 4 des jeweils benachbarten Dämmsteins greift und ein mörteldichte Verbindung bildet. Die Seitenwände des Vorsprungs 6 und der Ausnehmung 7 können leicht angeschrägt sein, damit der Vorsprung 6 mit einer Keilwirkung in die Ausdehnung 7 greift.One end wall (on the right in FIG. 1) has in its central region a vertically extending projection 6 which, in the manner of a tongue-and-groove connection, engages in a corresponding recess 7 in the other end wall 4 of the adjacent insulating block and is mortar-tight Connection forms. The side walls of the projection 6 and the recess 7 can easily beveled so that the projection 6 engages in the widening 7 with a wedge effect.

In entsprechender Weise ist an der Unterseite 2 ein längsverlaufender Vorsprung 8 vorgesehen, der in eine entsprechende Ausnehmung 9 an der Oberseite 1 der jeweils darunterliegenden Dämmsteine greift.In a corresponding manner, a longitudinal projection 8 is provided on the underside 2, which engages in a corresponding recess 9 on the top side 1 of the insulation bricks below.

An der Oberseite 1 des Dämmsteins ist im Bereich der Ausnehmung 9 ein in Längsrichtung verlaufender, flacher trogförmiger Verfüllkanal 10 vorgesehen, der sich in jeder Steinlage des Mauerwerks über deren gesamte Länge horizontal erstreckt.On the top 1 of the insulating block in the region of the recess 9 there is provided a flat, trough-shaped filling channel 10 which extends in the longitudinal direction and extends horizontally in each stone layer of the masonry over its entire length.

Ein im Querschnitt zylindrischer vertikaler Verfüllschacht 11 ist innerhalb des Dämmsteins angeordnet und kreuzt den horizontalen Verfüllkanal 10.A vertical filling shaft 11 with a cylindrical cross section is arranged inside the insulating block and crosses the horizontal filling channel 10.

In den beiden stirnwänden 4, 5 des Dämmsteins ist in dem Vorsprung 6 bzw. in der Ausnehmung 7 jeweils eine vertikale Schachtaussparung 12, 13 vorgesehen, die mit der zugeordneten Schachtaussparung 13 bzw. 12 des jeweils benachbarten Dämmsteins einen gemeinsamen vertikalen Verfüllschacht 14 bildet, wie in Fig. 3 gezeigt ist. Dort ist der anschließende Dämmstein mit strichpunktierten Linien teilweise dargestellt.In the two end walls 4, 5 of the insulating block, a vertical shaft recess 12, 13 is provided in the projection 6 or in the recess 7, which forms a common vertical filling shaft 14 with the associated shaft recess 13 or 12 of the respectively adjacent insulating block, such as is shown in Fig. 3. There the subsequent insulation block is partially shown with dash-dotted lines.

Der so gebildete vertikale Verfüllschacht 14 ist durch die ineinandergreifende Nut-und-Feder-Verbindung zu beiden Außenseiten hin weitestgehend mörteldicht abgeschlossen.The vertical filling shaft 14 thus formed is largely sealed mortar-tight due to the interlocking tongue-and-groove connection on both outer sides.

Mehrere schmale Luftschlitze 15-19 verlaufen alle parallel zu den seitenwänden 3. Da diese Luftschlitze alle quer zur Wärmeflußrichtung verlaufen, ergeben sie eine größtmögliche Wärmedämmwirkung zwischen den beiden Seitenwänden 3 des Dämmsteins.Several narrow louvers 15-19 all run parallel to the side walls 3. Since these louvers all run transversely to the direction of heat flow, they provide the greatest possible thermal insulation effect between the two side walls 3 of the insulating block.

Wie man aus der Darstellung in den Fig. 3 und 4 erkennt, sind alle Luftschlitze 15-19 zur Unterseite 2 hin offen. Luftschlitze 15 einer innenliegenden Gruppe erstrecken sich zwischen den vertikalen Verfüllschächten 11 und 14. Die sich jeweils nach außen anschließenden Luftschlitze 16 erstrecken sich bis nahe zu den Stirnwänden 4, 5. Parallel und im Abstand dazu folgen nach außen hin kürzere Luftschlitze 17. Beiderseits in Verlängerung dieser Luftschlitze 17 und beiderseits der stirnseitigen Schachtaussparungen 12 bzw. 13 ist jeweils ein Luftschlitz 19 vorgesehen, der zur Stirnseite 4 bzw. 5 hin offen ist. Wie man aus Fig. 3 erkennt, gehen diese Luftschlitze 19 benachbarter Dämmsteine ineinander über und bilden im Mauerwerksverband einen durchgehenden Luftschlitz, der die im Stoßfugenbereich gebildeten Verfüllschächte 14 nach außen hin abdämmt.As can be seen from the illustration in FIGS. 3 and 4, all louvers 15-19 are open towards the underside 2. Air slots 15 of an internal group extend between the vertical filling shafts 11 and 14. The air slots 16, which adjoin the outside in each case, extend up to the end walls 4, 5 This louvres 17 and on both sides of the front manhole cutouts 12 and 13, respectively, an air slot 19 is provided, which is open to the front side 4 and 5. As can be seen from FIG. 3, these louvers 19 of adjacent insulating bricks merge into one another and form a continuous louvre in the masonry structure, which insulates the filling ducts 14 formed in the butt joint area from the outside.

Da wie beschrieben kein Mörtel aus dem Verfüllschacht 14 bis in den Bereich der Luftschlitze 19 vordringt, wird die Wärmedämmwirkung der Luftschlitze im Stoßfugenbereich nicht unterbrochen.Since, as described, no mortar penetrates from the filling shaft 14 into the area of the air slots 19, the thermal insulation effect of the air slots in the butt joint area is not interrupted.

Jeweils benachbart und parallel zu den beiden Seitenwänden 3 ist ein Luftschlitz 18 angeordnet, der an der Oberseite 1 und der Unterseite 2 des Dämmsteins offen ist. Dieser Luftschlitz 18 liegt außerhalb des horizontalen Verfüllkanals 10 und setzt sich im Mauerwerksverband in den entsprechenden Luftschlitzen 18 der darüber bzw. darunter angeordneten Steinlage fort, wie in Fig. 4 angedeutet ist.An air slot 18 is arranged adjacent and parallel to the two side walls 3, which is open on the top 1 and the bottom 2 of the insulating block. This air slot 18 lies outside the horizontal filling channel 10 and continues in the masonry structure in the corresponding air slots 18 of the stone layer arranged above or below, as indicated in FIG. 4.

In den Fig. 3 und 4 ist mit Kreuzschraffur angedeutet, daß die horizontalen Verfüllkanäle 10 und die vertikalen Verfüllschächte 11 und 14 mit Mörtel verfüllt sind, der den endgültigen Verbund des Mauerwerks aus Dämmsteinen herstellt. Die Stoßfugen und Lagerfugen bleiben dabei frei von Fugenmörtel.3 and 4 is indicated with cross hatching that the horizontal filling channels 10 and the vertical filling shafts 11 and 14 are filled with mortar, which produces the final bond of the masonry from insulating bricks. The butt joints and bed joints remain free of grout.

Gegenüber der Verwendung von bekannten Dämmsteinen hat das so errichtete Mauerwerk eine im wesentlichen verbesserte Wärmedämmwirkung. Bei einer Steinrohdichte von d=500 kg/m³ beträgt die Wärmeleitfähigkeit λ =0,141 14/m⁰K. Dies ergibt für den Stein bei einer Steindicke von 30 cm einen Wärmedurchgangswert k = 0,47 W/m ⁰K. Im Vergleich dazu hat ein herkömmlicher Dämmstein eine Wärmeleitfähigkeit von λ =0,20 W/m ⁰K und einen Wärmedurchgangswert k = 0,64 w/m ⁰K.Compared to the use of known insulation bricks, the masonry constructed in this way has an essentially improved thermal insulation effect. With a stone bulk density of d = 500 kg / m³, the thermal conductivity is λ = 0.141 14 / m⁰K. For a stone with a stone thickness of 30 cm, this results in a heat transfer value k = 0.47 W / m ⁰K. In comparison, a conventional insulating block has a thermal conductivity of λ = 0.20 W / m ⁰K and a heat transfer value k = 0.64 w / m ⁰K.

Claims (6)

  1. Insulating block for masonry to be erected without jointing mortar, having a horizontal filling channel (10) running along the top of the block (1), with at least one vertical filling shaft (11) crossing the horizontal filling channel (10), running inside the insulating block, with several air slots (15-18) running at least partly parallel to the side walls (3) of the insulating block, a vertical shaft recess (12 or 13) being provided in each of the two face walls (4, 5) of the insulating block, which forms, with a common filling shaft (14) with a corresponding shaft recess (13 or 12) of each adjacent insulating block, an air slot (19), in each case open to the front (4 or 5) of the insulating block being located, which is aligned with a corresponding air slot (19) of each adjacent insulating block, and the insulating block being fitted with a vertical projection (6) constructed on one of the face walls and a vertical recess (7) constructed on the opposite face wall (4), which form a mortar-tight tongue-and-groove joint of adjacent insulating blocks, the vertical shaft recesses (12, 13) each being provided into the vertical projection (6) or in the vertical recess (7), and the air slots (19) each being located on both sides of the front vertical recess (7) and of the vertical projection (6).
  2. Insulating block according to Claim 1, characterized in that the air slots (19) open to the front (4 or 5) overlap with other air slots (16, 18) inside the insulating block.
  3. Insulating block according to claim 1, characterized in that all the air slots (15-19) run parallel to the side walls (3).
  4. Insulating block according to Claim 1, characterized in that an air slot (18), is located in each case adjacent and parallel to the two side walls (3) and outside the horizontal filling channel (10), said slot being open on the top (1) and the bottom (2) of the insulating block.
  5. Insulating block according to Claim 1, characterized in that only a single vertical filling shaft (11) is provided inside the insulating block.
  6. Insulating block according to Claim 1 or 2. characterized in that the vertical filling shaft (11 or 14) has a circular cross-section.
EP94108602A 1993-06-11 1994-06-06 Insulating building block Expired - Lifetime EP0628671B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4319423A DE4319423A1 (en) 1993-06-11 1993-06-11 Insulating stone
DE4319423 1993-06-11

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0628671A1 EP0628671A1 (en) 1994-12-14
EP0628671B1 true EP0628671B1 (en) 1996-02-28

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EP94108602A Expired - Lifetime EP0628671B1 (en) 1993-06-11 1994-06-06 Insulating building block

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EP (1) EP0628671B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE134734T1 (en)
DE (2) DE4319423A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE29513840U1 (en) * 1995-08-31 1996-10-02 Schurig, Burkhart, 01561 Brößnitz Insulation board with cavities
CN104264888A (en) * 2014-10-22 2015-01-07 陈荣淋 Novel hollow concatenate energy saving brick and construction method thereof

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2634602A (en) * 1948-02-25 1953-04-14 Prec Building System Inc Interlocked building blocks
FR1253283A (en) * 1959-12-28 1961-02-10 Rubble
DE2904129A1 (en) * 1979-02-03 1980-08-07 Alexander Walser Slotted insulated light concrete masonry building block - has alternate double or triple cross stem rows along length
US4319440A (en) * 1979-10-11 1982-03-16 Rassias John N Building blocks, wall structures made therefrom and methods of making the same
DE3013520C2 (en) * 1980-04-08 1984-10-18 Greisel-Baustoff-Gmbh, 8359 Ortenburg Aerated concrete element made of pressurized steam hardened aerated concrete mass with recesses

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE134734T1 (en) 1996-03-15
EP0628671A1 (en) 1994-12-14
DE59400132D1 (en) 1996-04-04
DE4319423A1 (en) 1994-12-15

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