EP0625678B1 - Air conditioning system for the human domain - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to an air conditioning system for human use, especially for living and working spaces - with at least an outlet duct for those to be air-conditioned Supply air to be introduced and terminal Supply air outlet, at least one flow straightener in the supply air outlet is arranged, which is a plurality of Rectifier elements with rectifier flow paths as well as the surface of the rectifier element flowed by the supply air has, and wherein the supply air outlet with the built-in Flow rectifier designed as a source air outlet is. - Terminal supply air outlet denotes one Passage from which the supply air immediately, if necessary about additional deflection devices and the like, enters the room to be air-conditioned. Of the Supply air outlet can be in a ceiling, a wall or in the Floor of a room to be air-conditioned. He can also in the wall of a z. B. cabinet-shaped air conditioner are located. He can also in a window component or door component. The term air conditioning includes e.g. B. and especially those with central air conditioning unit for air treatment, blowers for the promotion of treated air in the area of the central air conditioning unit, at least one conveyor channel for the processed, from which Fan-conveyed air and at least one outlet duct Supply air introduction device for introducing the supply air in an assigned room to be air-conditioned. The air intake device is also briefly used as an air outlet designated. Human area means certain for people All kinds of common rooms such as offices, living rooms, rooms of theaters and rooms in department stores, hospitals and the like. The term air conditioning includes within the Invention of both full air conditioning systems and partial air conditioning systems. Full-air systems combine four thermodynamic systems Air treatment functions, namely heating, cooling, Moisturize and dehumidify. For partial air conditioning systems, these are In contrast, air treatment functions are reduced, in the simplest Fall on mere cooling or bare fresh air supply. So-called room devices also fall within the scope of Invention under the term air conditioning. Flow straightener are known aerodynamic devices (cf. Prandtl "Fluid Dynamics" "1944, p. 223) an equalization in a flow channel or in a free jet the speed profile or the time averaged speed profile on the individual "Streamlines" across the flow cross-section.

Air conditioning systems of the described structure and the described Purpose are aggregates of house technology. For their design and setup apply proven rules of Air conditioning. The air conditioning systems of the described structure and the purpose described can be improved. In the case of known systems, the fact that the processed is a problem Air is not easily free of suspended matter and molecular contaminants. The terms suspended matter and molecular contaminants include inorganic and organic substances and in this respect also spores, Viruses, bacteria and fungi as well as odorous substances. Such organic substances are used in the context of the invention, including odorous, including metabolic products briefly referred to as germs for terminological reasons, even if it is not strictly germs.

In the known air conditioning systems of the type mentioned (DE 21 06 966 A1), from which the invention is based can not be easily ruled out that with the supply air germs were also introduced into the room to be air-conditioned become. However, extensive measures are known prevent this and which have proven themselves (company publication "HumanAir" from KesslerTech GmbH, 1992). they work with appropriate filter devices in the form of HEPA filters and sorption filters, if necessary also with ozone treatment of the supply air. These proven measures require appropriate installations. - So far is too a climate and ventilation duct filter for the separation of Small animals and dust-like particles from a gas stream known (DE 40 28 531 A1), which from in the direction of flow of the gas stream arranged one behind the other at a distance Perforated plates exist, the flow openings for Achieving a low pressure drop like a diffuser are formed and their surfaces exposed to the gas flow are coated with an adhesive fungicidal material.

The invention has for its object an air conditioning system of the structure described at the beginning and that described at the beginning To create purpose at the germ dispensing with filter devices of those described above Type and function or in addition to such Filter devices from a supply air flow immediately before Entry into the air-conditioned room effectively removed become. In this respect, retrofitting should also be installed Air conditioning systems to systems according to the invention may be possible.

The solution to this problem according to the invention consists in that the rectifier element surface with a germicidal Substance is coated and / or impregnated.

In the context of the invention, displacement air outlet denotes one Air outlet, from the supply air with low turbulence and with low Exit speed (Recknagel, Sprenger, Hönmann "Paperback for Heating and Air Conditioning Technology", R. Oldenbourg Verlag GmbH Munich, 1987, pages 1013 and 1037), so that the air with a long dwell time during the Reduction of turbulence an intensive contact with the Experiences surfaces of the rectifier. Germicidal Substances refers to those which germs in the sense of introductory definition that is in contact with the substances come, make harmless. The effect of the invention used and set up flow rectifier is to be described in such a way that it fungal, bacterial-killing or killing or corresponding also inhibits growth and works bacteriostatically or physically and chemically too the separation or conversion of odorous substances and Gases can serve. With the touches described it is just a contact or an adsorbing one or absorbent contact. The substances act chemically or biologically, e.g. B. in relation to the Germs as contact poisons. They can also have a catalytic effect. It is understood that they are on the rectifier element surfaces have to adhere sufficiently. Suitable substances are known (see, inter alia, EP 0 442 228). The flow straightener can be equipped with rectifier elements, a low-turbulence, quasilaminar in the incoming air Generate flow. But it can also be used with rectifier elements be equipped in the exiting Indoor air generate largely homogeneous isotropic turbulence. Homogeneous isotropic turbulence exists when the Turbulence balls of sufficient size and in the emerging supply air are sufficiently evenly distributed. in the The diameter of the turbulence balls should be within the scope of the invention not be too large and, for example, in the range of 1 to 10 mm. The energy in the individual turbulence balls should be compared to the flow energy of the supply air flow be small overall. One reaches with the help of more suitable ones Flow rectifier a supply air flow that in strong source air character and very pleasant is felt. About the structure of the flow straightener these parameters can be set. According to preferred The embodiment of the invention is the supply air outlet with the flow straightener built into it as a source ventilation outlet educated. The rectification can also through and when combining the elements described and / or measures with classic suspended or Particle filters can be achieved. The flow straighteners can also be designed as air guiding and deflecting devices become.

In terms of construction, there are several within the scope of the invention Opportunities for training and design the flow rectifier of an air conditioning system according to the invention. So the rectifier elements can be seen as crossing Strips, rods or wires. It can but the rectifier elements also as webs between holes be carried out in a plate, the holes form the rectifier flow channels. According to a preferred The rectifier elements are an embodiment of the invention designed as webs of a honeycomb structure, the channels of the honeycomb structure the rectifier flow paths form. After another suggestion of the invention is the flow straightener as one porous plate with communicating open pores, whose pore walls the rectifier elements and whose pore spaces form the rectifier flow paths. Corresponding materials, in particular corresponding porous ones ceramic materials are known per se.

The invention is based on the knowledge that a design and design of a terminal supply air outlet as a source ventilation outlet with the described rectification effect an additional effect arises, namely that aimed at rendering harmless or aimed at killing the germs when using the rectifier element surfaces coated or impregnated with a germicidal substance are. Surprisingly, the described Primary design as a flow straightener in the supply air sufficiently carried germs in contact with the Rectifier element surfaces and thus with them Substances. It is understood that this is also a function the residence time of the differential volume elements of the There is supply air in the flow straightener. You can by the extension of the rectifier elements in the direction of flow be influenced accordingly. Becomes the flow straightener trained so that the targeted germicidal Sufficient effect occurs, in other words, the rectification effect in greatly optimized. This interaction is essential for the invention.

There are several options within the scope of the invention further interpretation and design. So can the rectifier elements made of a porous material open pores exist and at least in the area of their Rectifier element surface with the germicidal Be impregnated. The porous materials are corresponding Plastic or ceramic components. The Rectifier elements can also be made from a solid material exist and only a coating of one have porous material, the coating at least in the area of their coating surface with germicides Substances are impregnated.

In order to promote the contact of the nuclei with the rectifier element surfaces when the supply air flows through the flow rectifier, in other words to increase the number of collisions of the nuclei with the rectifier element surfaces, the invention teaches that a turbulence-generating grid is connected upstream of the flow rectifiers. Very good results are obtained with regard to the disinfection of the supply air if the flow straightener has a rectifier element surface F which is matched to the flow rate M for which the supply air outlet is designed, with the tuning rule M / F = 2.5 to 1,000 mm ³ / sec / mm ² . Another tuning rule according to the invention teaches that the flow rectifier has a depth in the direction of flow of the supply air and the rectifier flow paths have a free cross section which are set up in such a way that at least 50% of the molecules of the supply air come into contact with the surfaces of the rectifier element. In phenomenological terms, this means that the flow straightener is designed for a pressure loss in the supply air passing through the flow straightener of approximately 5 to 40 Pa. The flow straightener can have swirl-producing rectifier elements.

According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the flow straightener is designed as an interchangeable module and interchangeable inserted in the supply air outlet.

Fig. 1

einen Vertikalschnitt durch einen endständigen Zuluftauslaß einer erfindungsgemäßen Klima-Anlage,

Fig. 2

in gegenüber der Fig. 1 wesentlich vergrößertem Maßstab eine Ansicht des Gegenstandes der Fig. 1 aus Richtung des Pfeiles A,

Fig. 3

entsprechend der Fig. 2 eine andere Ausführungsform,

Fig. 4

entsprechend der Fig. 2 eine nochmals andere Ausführungsform,

Fig. 5

in nochmals vergrößertem Maßstab einen Schnitt in Richtung B-B durch den Gegenstand der Fig. 2,

Fig. 6

eine andere Ausführungsform des Gegenstandes der Fig. 5 und

Fig. 7

in sehr starker Vergrößerung in Strömungsrichtung der Zuluft einen Schnitt durch einen Strömungsgleichrichter in Form einer porösen Platte.

In the following, the invention will be explained in more detail with reference to a drawing showing only one exemplary embodiment. They show a schematic representation

Fig. 1

a vertical section through a terminal supply air outlet of an air conditioning system according to the invention,

Fig. 2

in a substantially enlarged scale compared to FIG. 1, a view of the object of FIG. 1 from the direction of arrow A,

Fig. 3

2 another embodiment,

Fig. 4

2 shows yet another embodiment,

Fig. 5

on a further enlarged scale a section in the direction BB through the object of FIG. 2,

Fig. 6

another embodiment of the object of FIGS. 5 and

Fig. 7

in a very large enlargement in the direction of flow of the supply air, a section through a flow straightener in the form of a porous plate.

The supply air outlet 1 shown in the figures belongs to one Air conditioning system for the human area, especially for residential and Workrooms. At least one outlet duct belongs to the air conditioning system 2 for the supply air to be introduced into a room 3 to be air-conditioned with terminal supply air outlet 1.

In Fig. 1 you can see the end of an outlet channel 2 with connected supply air outlet 1. The arrangement is like this met that in front of the supply air outlet 1 in area 4 Swirl flow forms. One can be seen in the supply air outlet 1 Flow rectifier 5, which is a plurality of rectifier elements 6 with the rectifier element surface flowed by the supply air 7 has. 5 and 6 was hatched by 8th indicated that the rectifier element surface 7 with a germicidal Substance is coated and / or impregnated. Of the Flow rectifier 5 is equipped with rectifier elements 6, which in the outgoing supply air is low in turbulence, mainly generate laminar flow. The flow straightener 5 can also be equipped with rectifier elements 6 which in the exiting Supply air generate a largely homogeneous isotropic turbulence. The arrangement as a whole may be so in the exemplary embodiment be that the supply air exits in the sense of a source ventilation.

In Fig. 2 it was indicated that the rectifier elements 6 as crossing strips, rods or wires are executed. In the 3 shows the embodiment of the rectifier elements 6 as webs of a honeycomb structure. The channels or areas the rectifier flow paths 9 form between these components 6. 4, the rectifier elements 6 are between webs Drilled holes in a plate, the holes the Form rectifier flow paths 9. The rectifier elements shown 6 like from a porous material with open pores be constructed and at least in the area of their rectifier element surface be impregnated with the germicidal substance. To reference is made to FIG. 5. Fig. 6 shows that a massive Rectifier element 6 has a coating 10 made of a porous Material carries, the coating 10 at least in the area their coating surface with the germicidal substances is impregnated. Of particular importance is the embodiment with the flow straightener 5 as a porous plate communicating open pores is formed. This is done on the Fig. 7 referenced. It can be seen that the pore walls are the rectifier elements 6 and the pore spaces the rectifier flow paths 9 form. It can be seen from FIG. 1 that the flow straightener are designed as an interchangeable module and are easily interchangeable are inserted in the supply air outlet.

Claims (14)

1. An air-conditioning installation for the human domain, particularly for living and working areas, - having at least one outlet duct (2) for the fresh air to be introduced into a room (3) to be air-conditioned and having a fresh air outlet (1) at its end, wherein at least one flow alignment means (5) is disposed in the fresh air outlet (1) and comprises a plurality of alignment elements (6) having flow alignment paths (9) as well as an alignment element surface (7) over which the fresh air flows, and wherein the fresh air outlet (1) with the installed alignment means (5) is constructed as a streaming air outlet, characterised in that the alignment element surface (7) is coated and/or impregnated with a germicidal substance (8).
2. An air-conditioning installation according to claim 1, characterised in that the flow alignment means (5) is equipped with alignment elements (6) which generate a low-turbulence flow, which is mainly laminar, in the emerging fresh air.
3. An air-conditioning installation according to claim 1, characterised in that the flow alignment means (5) is equipped with alignment elements (6) which generate a substantially homogeneous, isotropic turbulence in the emerging fresh air.
4. An air-conditioning installation according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the flow alignment elements (6) are constructed as intersecting strips, rods or wires.
5. An air-conditioning installation according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the flow alignment elements (6) are constructed as webs between holes in a plate, wherein the holes form the flow alignment paths (9).
6. An air-conditioning installation according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the flow alignment elements (6) are constructed as webs of a honeycomb structure, wherein the channels of the honeycomb structure form the flow alignment paths (9).
7. An air-conditioning installation according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the flow alignment means (5) is constructed as a porous plate with communicating, open pores, the pore walls of which form the alignment elements (6) and the pore spaces of which form the flow alignment paths (9).
8. An air-conditioning installation according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterised in that the flow alignment elements (6) are made of a porous material with open pores, and are impregnated, at least in the region of their alignment element surfaces (7), with germicidal substances (8).
9. An air-conditioning installation according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterised in that the flow alignment elements (6) have a coating of a porous material, and the coating is impregnated, at least in the region of its coating surface, with the germicidal substance (8).
10. An air-conditioning installation according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterised in that a turbulence-generating grid is disposed in front of the flow alignment means (5) on the impingement side thereof.
11. An air-conditioning installation according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterised in that the flow alignment means (5) has an alignment element surface area F which is matched to the mass flow M for which the fresh air outlet (1) is designed, according to the matching rule M / F = 2.5 to 1000 mm³/sec/mm².
12. An air-conditioning installation according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterised in that in the direction of flow of the fresh air the flow alignment means (5) has a depth and the flow alignment paths (9) have a free cross-section which are designed so that at least 50 % of the molecules of the fresh air come into contact with the alignment element surfaces (7).
13. An air-conditioning installation according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterised in that the flow alignment means (5) is designed for a pressure drop from about 5 to 40 Pa in the fresh air which passes through the flow alignment means (5).
14. An air-conditioning installation according to any one of claims 1 to 13, characterised in that the flow alignment means (5) is constructed as an interchangeable module and is replaceably inserted in the fresh air outlet (1).

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