EP0622597B1 - Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Schmelzen von Metall insbesondere von Nichteisenmetall - Google Patents
Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Schmelzen von Metall insbesondere von Nichteisenmetall Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0622597B1 EP0622597B1 EP94105652A EP94105652A EP0622597B1 EP 0622597 B1 EP0622597 B1 EP 0622597B1 EP 94105652 A EP94105652 A EP 94105652A EP 94105652 A EP94105652 A EP 94105652A EP 0622597 B1 EP0622597 B1 EP 0622597B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- chamber
- pump
- space
- molten metal
- melt
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B9/00—General processes of refining or remelting of metals; Apparatus for electroslag or arc remelting of metals
- C22B9/006—General processes of refining or remelting of metals; Apparatus for electroslag or arc remelting of metals with use of an inert protective material including the use of an inert gas
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D3/00—Charging; Discharging; Manipulation of charge
- F27D3/14—Charging or discharging liquid or molten material
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method and a device for melting of metal. Reference is made to the preambles of claims 1 and 8.
- SE-PS 437 339 shows and describes the melting of metal in one Melting furnace.
- the metal is circulated and in batches added by means of pneumatic pumps.
- To melt quality too To improve it is known to degas the metal, for example by means of gaseous nitrogen, ideally in combination with a filtration.
- the invention is based on the object, the method and the device according to the preambles of claims 1 and 8 improve that the melting quality is even better than since then.
- the invention is mainly based on the idea to reduce the turbulence in the chambers.
- An essential idea of the method according to the invention and the The device according to the invention is that that amount of melted material, which at elevated pressure in the space above of the melting furnace is pressed into the calming chamber, essentially is greater than the amount of molten metal that is used at the same time Melting chamber, which is connected to the pressure chamber, is returned. This is achieved in that the amount of melt that is in the Unit of time from each pump chamber to the connected one Calming chamber is fed, is about 3 to 15 times as large as that of each pump chamber (10, 11) to the connected melting chamber (5) in Pump chamber space above the melt when the pressure rises or Pressure drop transferred quantity.
- a rise in pressure above the melt in the pump chamber is determined by an increase in pressure of the inert gas, preferably nitrogen, is reached, and by filling the space above the melt and by Establish a conductive connection to the top room above one Pump piston in the pump cylinder that connects to the pump chamber connected. Pressure rise and fall are kept under control, to avoid creating a vacuum.
- the inert gas preferably nitrogen
- the mirror in the furnace and in the outlet pipeline is best like this set that minimal mirror fluctuations are possible. At Continuous consumption must also be continuously and on the supply Consumption must be coordinated.
- the device essentially comprises a conventional melting furnace, preferably with two melting chambers, two pump chambers and two Calming chambers.
- the cross-sectional area of the Channel between a pump chamber and the associated one Calming chamber much larger than the cross-sectional area of the channel between the same pump chamber and the previous one Melting chamber.
- the relationship between these cross-sectional areas lies in Range from 15: 1 to 3: 1, preferably between 10: 1 to 5: 1.
- a ratio of 8: 1 is particularly cheap.
- the pump cylinders that hold the molten metal in the furnace circulate are vertically arranged pump cylinders, divided by one horizontal, firm subdivision into an upper and a lower Pump room.
- a pump shaft is movable through the subdivision passed through and provided with a pump piston at the other end. The subdivision divides the cylinder space into two equal parts.
- the space above the upper pump piston communicates via a Pipeline with the space above the molten metal in the Pump chamber connected to the pump.
- the one with the other communicating rooms are filled with inert gas, preferably with Nitrogen.
- the communicating space above the upper pump piston with a Manometer and provide a valve that leads to a gas source on best to a nitrogen source.
- the space between the horizontal wall of the pump cylinder and the upper pump piston as well as the space between the horizontal Wall and the upper pump piston are attached to a corresponding one Compressed air source connected adjustable, while the room below the lower pump piston communicates with the atmosphere.
- One on this Wisely equipped pump cylinder enables the pressure in the room increase or decrease above the melt in the pump chamber; in this way the melt is gently transferred to the settling chamber, and the melt remaining in the channel can gently return to the channel be fed. Without controlled pressure conditions, the Pump chamber under the influence of the reversing movement of the Pump piston underpressure arise, causing a sudden Backflow and impacts on the melt in the pump chamber. The turbulence that would then occur would significantly increase the melting quality affect.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a melting furnace, seen from above with the cover removed, with the associated pump cylinders.
- Figure 2 is a cross section of a vertical pump cylinder connected to the pump chamber in the furnace.
- the melting furnace is divided into several separate chambers divided, which are provided with openings through which the chambers communicate with each other.
- the heat for melting the metal becomes fed from the electrically heated lid of the melting furnace; this is in the figures not shown. Blocks and / or scrap are after preheating fed to a feed chamber 1.
- Liquid flows from there Metal through an opening in the bottom area of a first Melting chamber 3.
- the opening is not shown, but the Material flow through the opening by means of an arrow 2.
- the metal then flows from the melting chamber 3 through an opening in the area of the bottom subsequent melting chamber 5 - see arrow 4. Between the Melting chambers 3 and 5 can degas and / or filter the melt to improve the melt quality.
- the degassing and Filter chambers 7 and 8 have a greater depth than the melting chambers, to make backflow impossible.
- Melting chamber 5 communicates with two pump chambers 10 and 11 two channels - see arrows 12 and 13.
- the mouth of the channels in the Melting chamber 5 is located near the bottom of the Melting chamber, and their mouths to the pump chambers 10 and 11 are located near the bottom of their corresponding pump chamber.
- the pump chamber 11 becomes molten metal through a channel of larger cross section pressed into the calming chamber 15 - see Arrow 14.
- the mouth of the channel in the pump chamber 11 is in near the bottom of the pumping chamber, and its mouth in the Calming chamber 15 is located near the top of the Calming chamber (15).
- the ratio between the cross sectional areas of the Channels 14 and 13 are best at 8: 1. However, it can also be in the area from 10: 1 to 5: 1, even between 15: 1 to 3: 1.
- the volume of the Melt changes due to the friction on the pipe walls in the Unit of time not in the same ratio as the cross-sectional areas.
- the effect the friction of the flow increases inversely proportional to Cross sectional area.
- An even larger ratio leads to oxidation, and one an even lower ratio leads to poor working methods or even to a system failure.
- Molten metal flows out of the Calming chamber 15 through an opening in the area of the floor - see Arrow 16 - to inlet chamber 1, where it is fed to the furnace Chill molds, blocks or scrap hits.
- a controlled amount of molten metal is in the meantime a channel 17 fed to a calming chamber 18, from where it is to Removal is delivered to an electrically heated pipeline 19.
- the Circulation and pumping out of molten metal is done by feeding an inert gas, for example nitrogen, under Control to the corresponding pump chamber 10, 11 through an inlet channel 20, 21 in the pump chamber cover from an external, vertically arranged Pump cylinders 40, 41.
- the two pump cylinders (40, 41) are together identical and check their corresponding pump chambers (10, 11) for the same Wise.
- the pump cylinder (40) has one horizontal partition 22, which preferably the same in two cylinders Rooms 23 and 24 divided. On both sides of the partition 22 is one Pistons 25 and 26 provided.
- the pistons have a piston rod 27 firmly connected, which is passed through the partition wall 22.
- An inert gas preferably nitrogen, fills the upper one Pump cylinder chamber 23 and the space above the molten metal in the Pump chamber 10 and 11, which via lines 20 and 21 with the Pump cylinder chamber 23 communicate.
- the pump cylinder space 23 has a valve 30, which is connected to a nitrogen source and to a manometer 31. The Pumping and thus circulating molten metal is brought about by that compressed air into the cylinder chamber 28 through a pneumatic valve flows in - see the double arrow 32.
- the furnace lid especially the pump chamber lid, must be properly sealed.
- the level of the melting furnace and the level the pipeline is best adjusted so that a minimum Mirror fluctuation occurs.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Vertical, Hearth, Or Arc Furnaces (AREA)
- Waste-Gas Treatment And Other Accessory Devices For Furnaces (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
Description
Figur 2 ist ein Querschnitt eines vertikalen Pumpenzylinders, der an die Pumpenkammer im Schmelzofen angeschlossen ist.
Claims (15)
- Verfahren zum Schmelzen von Metall und zum Verarbeiten geschmolzenen Metalls, besonders von Nichteisenmetall, wobei das feste Metall einer Kammer (1) zugeführt und von einer Kammer zu einer anderen (3, 5, 10, 11, 15, 18) durch Kanäle zugeführt wird, die die Kammern miteinander verbinden, bei gleichzeitigem Schmelzen oder Verarbeiten mittels thermischer Strahlung von den Kammerdeckeln, wobei eine oder mehrere Pumpen (40, 41) auf den Raum oberhalb des geschmolzenen Metalls in einer oder mehreren Pumpenkammern (10, 11) einwirkt, die an die Pumpe angeschlossen sind, deren jede im Bodenbereich über Kanäle mit einer Schmelzkammer (5) in leitender Verbindung steht, die geschmolzenes Metall zur Pumpenkammer führen, und mit einer Beruhigungskammer (18, 15), von wo aus geschmolzenes Metall einer Rohrleitung (19) zugeführt wird, um verarbeitet oder rezykliert zu werden, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Menge der Schmelze, die in der Zeiteinheit von jeder Pumpenkammer (10, 11) zur angeschlossenen Beruhigungskammer (18, 15) zugeführt wird, etwa 3 bis 15 mal so groß ist wie die von jeder Pumpenkammer (10, 11) an die angeschlossene Schmelzkammer (5) im Pumpenkammerraum bei Druckanstieg bzw. Druckabfall oberhalb der Schmelze überführte Menge.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Raum oberhalb des geschmolzenen Metalls in der Pumpenkammer (10, 11) und der angeschlossene Raum (23) in der Pumpe (40) mit einem inerten Gas, am besten Stickstoff, angefüllt ist.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Druckabfall im Pumpenkammerraum (10, 11) oberhalb des geschmolzenen Metalls so gesteuert wird, daß kein Vakuum entsteht.
- Verfahren nach einem der vorausgegangenen Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die verschiedenen Räume (23, 27, 29, 24) des Pumpenzylinders (40,41) zwecks Drucksteuerung evakuiert werden können.
- Verfahren nach einem der vorausgegangenen Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Spiegel der Schmelze eingeschlossen des Spiegels der Auslaß-Rohrleitung (19) annähernd konstant gehalten wird.
- Verfahren nach einem der vorausgegangenen Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Zuführen der Schmelze von jeder Pumpenkammer (10, 11) zur angeschlossenen Beruhigungskammer (15, 18) kontinuierlich erfolgt.
- Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1-6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das geschmolzene Metall aus dem Bodenbereich der Pumpenkammer zum Deckelbereich der Beruhigungskammer (18, 15) oberhalb des Schmelzenspiegels nach oben ansteigend gefördert wird.
- Vorrichtung zum Durchführen des Verfahrens nach einem der vorausgegangenen Ansprüche, mit einem Schmelzofen mit einer oder mehreren Kammern (3, 5, 10, 11, 18, 15), eingeschlossen eine Zuführkammer (1), mit wärmeabstrahlenden Kammerdeckeln, mit einer oder mehreren pneumatischen Pumpen (40, 41), die an den Schmelzofen angeschlossen sind, um geschmolzenes Metall von einer Kammer zur anderen zu überführen, mit einer Abgabeleitung (19) und mit Kanälen, die die Kammern miteinander verbinden, und durch welche geschmolzenes Metall zwischen aufeinanderfolgenden Kammern überführt wird, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Verhältnis zwischen den Querschnittsflächen der Kanäle (12, 7; 13, 14) zwischen einer Pumpenkammer (10, 11) und der hieran angeschlossenen Beruhigungskammer (18; 15) sowie zwischen jeder Pumpenkammer (10; 11) und der hieran angeschlossenen Schmelzkammer (5) zwischen 3:1 bis 15:1 liegt, vorzugsweise zwischen 5:1 bis 10:1.
- Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die einzelne pneumatische Pumpe einen vertikal angeordneten Pumpenzylinder 40, 41 aufweist, der durch eine horizontale, feste Trennwand (22) in einen oberen und einen unteren Zylinderraum (23, 24) unterteilt ist, ferner einen Pumpenschaft (27), der durch die Trennwand hindurchgeführt ist und an seinen beiden Enden einen Pumpenkolben (25, 26) trägt.
- Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 8 oder 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die feste Trennwand (22) das Pumpenzylindervolumen in zwei gleiche Teile unterteilt.
- Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 8 bis 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Kanäle (17, 14) zwischen einer jeden Pumpenkammer (10, 11) und der angeschlossenen Beruhigungskammer (18, 15) nach oben ansteigend vom Bodenbereich der Pumpenkammer zum Beruhigungskammerdeckelbereich (oberhalb des Schmelzenspiegels) erstrecken.
- Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 8 bis 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Raum (23) oberhalb des oberen Pumpenkolbens (25) in jedem Pumpenzylinder (40, 41) über eine Leitung (20, 21) an den Raum oberhalb des geschmolzenen Metalls in der an die Pumpe angeschlossenen Pumpenkammer (10, 11) verbunden ist.
- Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 8 bis 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Raum (23) oberhalb des Pumpenkolbens (25) in jedem Pumpenzylinder (40, 41) sowie der Raum oberhalb des geschmolzenen Metalls in der mit dem Pumpenzylinder verbundenen Pumpenkammer (10, 11) mit einem inerten Gas, vorzugsweise mit Stickstoff, angefüllt ist.
- Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 13, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Raum (23) oberhalb des oberen Pumpenkolbens mit einem Manometer (34) und mit einem Ventil (30) versehen ist, an das eine Gasquelle zum Steuern des Gasdruckes angeschlossen ist.
- Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 8 bis 14, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Raum (28) zwischen der Trennwand (22) und dem oberen Pumpenkolben, sowie der Raum (29) zwischen der Trennwand (22) und dem unteren Pumpenkolben jeweils über einen Regler (32, 33) an eine Druckluftquelle angeschlossen sind, und daß der Raum (24) unterhalb des unteren Pumpenkolbens über eine Rohrleitung (31) mit der Umgebung kommuniziert.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FI931786A FI94649C (fi) | 1993-04-20 | 1993-04-20 | Foerfarande och anordning foer smaeltning av metall, saerskilt icke-jaernmetall |
FI931786 | 1993-04-20 |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0622597A2 EP0622597A2 (de) | 1994-11-02 |
EP0622597A3 EP0622597A3 (de) | 1995-09-06 |
EP0622597B1 true EP0622597B1 (de) | 1998-02-25 |
Family
ID=8537775
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP94105652A Expired - Lifetime EP0622597B1 (de) | 1993-04-20 | 1994-04-13 | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Schmelzen von Metall insbesondere von Nichteisenmetall |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US5591248A (de) |
EP (1) | EP0622597B1 (de) |
JP (1) | JPH07120159A (de) |
DE (1) | DE59405285D1 (de) |
DK (1) | DK0622597T3 (de) |
FI (2) | FI94649C (de) |
RU (1) | RU2127327C1 (de) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN112077271A (zh) * | 2020-09-21 | 2020-12-15 | 株洲火炬工业炉有限责任公司 | 一种锌液定量浇注及扒皮系统和使用方法 |
Families Citing this family (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
BR0208996B1 (pt) | 2001-04-19 | 2011-09-20 | injetor para um sistema de suprimento de metal fundido, método para operar um injetor para um sistema de suprimento de metal fundido e sistema de suprimento de metal fundido. | |
US6505674B1 (en) * | 2001-04-19 | 2003-01-14 | Alcoa Inc. | Injector for molten metal supply system |
US6536508B1 (en) * | 2001-09-21 | 2003-03-25 | Alcoa Inc. | Continuous pressure molten metal supply system and method |
US7934627B2 (en) * | 2005-10-13 | 2011-05-03 | Alcoa Inc. | Apparatus and method for high pressure extrusion with molten aluminum |
US20080213717A1 (en) * | 2007-03-01 | 2008-09-04 | Transmet Corporation | Method of increasing the efficiency of melting metal |
Family Cites Families (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3276758A (en) * | 1963-04-24 | 1966-10-04 | North American Aviation Inc | Metal melting furnace system |
US3764297A (en) * | 1971-08-18 | 1973-10-09 | Airco Inc | Method and apparatus for purifying metal |
US3935003A (en) * | 1974-02-25 | 1976-01-27 | Kaiser Aluminum & Chemical Corporation | Process for melting metal |
DE2425067A1 (de) * | 1974-05-24 | 1975-12-04 | Idra Pressen Gmbh | Giesseinrichtung, insbesondere zum vergiessen von magnesiumlegierungen auf warmkammer-druckgiessmaschinen |
SE437339B (sv) * | 1978-07-31 | 1985-02-25 | Grenges Weda Ab | Sett att fran ett bad av smelt metall portionera smelta till ett mottagningsstelle beleget ovanfor badets yta samt anleggning for utforande av settet |
US4848603A (en) * | 1987-05-28 | 1989-07-18 | Toshiba Machine Co., Ltd. | Holding furnace of constant molten metal level |
CA2086879A1 (en) * | 1993-01-07 | 1994-07-08 | Henry Meyer | Process and apparatus for delivering a metered shot |
-
1993
- 1993-04-20 FI FI931786A patent/FI94649C/fi active
- 1993-04-20 FI FI931786D patent/FI98530C/fi active
-
1994
- 1994-04-13 EP EP94105652A patent/EP0622597B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-04-13 DE DE59405285T patent/DE59405285D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1994-04-13 DK DK94105652T patent/DK0622597T3/da active
- 1994-04-19 RU RU94013456A patent/RU2127327C1/ru active
- 1994-04-20 US US08/230,120 patent/US5591248A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1994-04-20 JP JP6082123A patent/JPH07120159A/ja not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN112077271A (zh) * | 2020-09-21 | 2020-12-15 | 株洲火炬工业炉有限责任公司 | 一种锌液定量浇注及扒皮系统和使用方法 |
CN112077271B (zh) * | 2020-09-21 | 2021-07-27 | 株洲火炬工业炉有限责任公司 | 一种锌液定量浇注及扒皮系统和使用方法 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DK0622597T3 (da) | 1998-09-28 |
DE59405285D1 (de) | 1998-04-02 |
FI931786A (fi) | 1994-10-21 |
EP0622597A2 (de) | 1994-11-02 |
RU2127327C1 (ru) | 1999-03-10 |
FI98530B (fi) | 1997-03-27 |
FI98530C (fi) | 1997-07-10 |
FI94649B (fi) | 1995-06-30 |
FI94649C (fi) | 1995-10-10 |
EP0622597A3 (de) | 1995-09-06 |
US5591248A (en) | 1997-01-07 |
JPH07120159A (ja) | 1995-05-12 |
FI931786A0 (fi) | 1993-04-20 |
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