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EP0614435A1 - Emballages - Google Patents

Emballages

Info

Publication number
EP0614435A1
EP0614435A1 EP92924770A EP92924770A EP0614435A1 EP 0614435 A1 EP0614435 A1 EP 0614435A1 EP 92924770 A EP92924770 A EP 92924770A EP 92924770 A EP92924770 A EP 92924770A EP 0614435 A1 EP0614435 A1 EP 0614435A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
package
seal
transverse
region
sheet material
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP92924770A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Christopher 9 The Pastures Palmer
David Batchen
Martin Kingsbury House 4 Grove Road Palmer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Nestle Purina Petcare UK Ltd
Original Assignee
Dalgety Spillers Foods Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from GB919125608A external-priority patent/GB9125608D0/en
Priority claimed from GB919125609A external-priority patent/GB9125609D0/en
Application filed by Dalgety Spillers Foods Ltd filed Critical Dalgety Spillers Foods Ltd
Publication of EP0614435A1 publication Critical patent/EP0614435A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D75/00—Packages comprising articles or materials partially or wholly enclosed in strips, sheets, blanks, tubes or webs of flexible sheet material, e.g. in folded wrappers
    • B65D75/40—Packages formed by enclosing successive articles, or increments of material, in webs, e.g. folded or tubular webs, or by subdividing tubes filled with liquid, semi-liquid, or plastic materials
    • B65D75/44—Individual packages cut from webs or tubes
    • B65D75/46—Individual packages cut from webs or tubes containing articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
    • B65B51/00—Devices for, or methods of, sealing or securing package folds or closures; Devices for gathering or twisting wrappers, or necks of bags
    • B65B51/10—Applying or generating heat or pressure or combinations thereof
    • B65B51/26—Devices specially adapted for producing transverse or longitudinal seams in webs or tubes
    • B65B51/30—Devices, e.g. jaws, for applying pressure and heat, e.g. for subdividing filled tubes
    • B65B51/303—Devices, e.g. jaws, for applying pressure and heat, e.g. for subdividing filled tubes reciprocating along only one axis
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
    • B65B61/00—Auxiliary devices, not otherwise provided for, for operating on sheets, blanks, webs, binding material, containers or packages
    • B65B61/18—Auxiliary devices, not otherwise provided for, for operating on sheets, blanks, webs, binding material, containers or packages for making package-opening or unpacking elements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D75/00—Packages comprising articles or materials partially or wholly enclosed in strips, sheets, blanks, tubes or webs of flexible sheet material, e.g. in folded wrappers
    • B65D75/52—Details
    • B65D75/58—Opening or contents-removing devices added or incorporated during package manufacture
    • B65D75/5855—Peelable seals
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/18—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated tools
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/74—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by welding and severing, or by joining and severing, the severing being performed in the area to be joined, next to the area to be joined, in the joint area or next to the joint area
    • B29C65/745—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by welding and severing, or by joining and severing, the severing being performed in the area to be joined, next to the area to be joined, in the joint area or next to the joint area using a single unit having both a severing tool and a welding tool
    • B29C65/7451—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by welding and severing, or by joining and severing, the severing being performed in the area to be joined, next to the area to be joined, in the joint area or next to the joint area using a single unit having both a severing tool and a welding tool the severing tool and the welding tool being movable with respect to one-another
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/11—Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/112—Single lapped joints
    • B29C66/1122—Single lap to lap joints, i.e. overlap joints
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/13—Single flanged joints; Fin-type joints; Single hem joints; Edge joints; Interpenetrating fingered joints; Other specific particular designs of joint cross-sections not provided for in groups B29C66/11 - B29C66/12
    • B29C66/133—Fin-type joints, the parts to be joined being flexible
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/20—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines
    • B29C66/24—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines said joint lines being closed or non-straight
    • B29C66/244—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines said joint lines being closed or non-straight said joint lines being non-straight, e.g. forming non-closed contours
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/40—General aspects of joining substantially flat articles, e.g. plates, sheets or web-like materials; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles; Joining single elements to substantially flat surfaces
    • B29C66/41—Joining substantially flat articles ; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles
    • B29C66/43—Joining a relatively small portion of the surface of said articles
    • B29C66/431—Joining the articles to themselves
    • B29C66/4312—Joining the articles to themselves for making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles, e.g. transversal seams
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/40—General aspects of joining substantially flat articles, e.g. plates, sheets or web-like materials; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles; Joining single elements to substantially flat surfaces
    • B29C66/41—Joining substantially flat articles ; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles
    • B29C66/43—Joining a relatively small portion of the surface of said articles
    • B29C66/432—Joining a relatively small portion of the surface of said articles for making tubular articles or closed loops, e.g. by joining several sheets ; for making hollow articles or hollow preforms
    • B29C66/4322—Joining a relatively small portion of the surface of said articles for making tubular articles or closed loops, e.g. by joining several sheets ; for making hollow articles or hollow preforms by joining a single sheet to itself
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/40—General aspects of joining substantially flat articles, e.g. plates, sheets or web-like materials; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles; Joining single elements to substantially flat surfaces
    • B29C66/49—Internally supporting the, e.g. tubular, article during joining
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/71—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the composition of the plastics material of the parts to be joined
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/82—Pressure application arrangements, e.g. transmission or actuating mechanisms for joining tools or clamps
    • B29C66/824—Actuating mechanisms
    • B29C66/8242—Pneumatic or hydraulic drives
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/83—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof characterised by the movement of the joining or pressing tools
    • B29C66/832—Reciprocating joining or pressing tools
    • B29C66/8322—Joining or pressing tools reciprocating along one axis
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/83—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof characterised by the movement of the joining or pressing tools
    • B29C66/834—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof characterised by the movement of the joining or pressing tools moving with the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/8341—Roller, cylinder or drum types; Band or belt types; Ball types
    • B29C66/83411—Roller, cylinder or drum types
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/84—Specific machine types or machines suitable for specific applications
    • B29C66/849—Packaging machines
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
    • B65B9/00—Enclosing successive articles, or quantities of material, e.g. liquids or semiliquids, in flat, folded, or tubular webs of flexible sheet material; Subdividing filled flexible tubes to form packages
    • B65B9/10—Enclosing successive articles, or quantities of material, in preformed tubular webs, or in webs formed into tubes around filling nozzles, e.g. extruded tubular webs
    • B65B9/20—Enclosing successive articles, or quantities of material, in preformed tubular webs, or in webs formed into tubes around filling nozzles, e.g. extruded tubular webs the webs being formed into tubes in situ around the filling nozzles

Definitions

  • the present inventions relate to packaging and in particular, but not exclusively, to the packaging of food products such as snack foods.
  • nick, notch or score line in the top seal of the package so that when the consumer wants to open the package, he pulls the top seal in opposite directions on either side of the nick, notch or score line.
  • the tear will be towards one side of the package through which the contents may be tipped.
  • This may be suitable for dispensing small items such as peanuts, but such packages are not suitable for products which it is preferred to lift out of a large opening in the package such as potato crisps.
  • packages do not always tear as intended and the resulting opening may be too large and the contents of the package may be spilled.
  • the tear may not be in the intended direction and may for example be across the package which inevitably results in accidental spillage.
  • the material is moved to a folding die which produces a U- shaped channel.
  • Heater bars are arranged downstream of the folding die to form a side seal perpendicular to the axis of the channel.
  • a pouch is defined between the seals.
  • Product is then inserted into the defined pouch from the top of the channel.
  • the two edges forming the top of the channel are then sealed together to close the package.
  • the pouch forming apparatus incorporates a cutting blade which cuts through the middle of a side seal so as to separate the filled and sealed packages.
  • a seal may also be made along the fold at the bottom of the channel for additional security.
  • the packages can contain solids, moist products or liquids.
  • Pillow packages are the result of a technique for wrapping products in flexible sheet material. This technique is suitable for the packaging of solid units such as for example blocks of cheese or biscuits in trays, but is also widely used for other products such as moistened tissues.
  • the units to be packaged are placed on flexible sheets of material mainly horizontally which is wrapped around the units. A longitudinal seal is formed along the centre line and transverse seals are then made by bars so as to seal the units into individual packages. The packages are then cut in a similar operation to that used in relation to the horizontal pouches.
  • a vertical form-fill-seal technique is particularly suitable for particulate materials and liquids and is frequently used for packaging snack food products such as potato crips (chips) .
  • Flexible sheet material moving vertically is formed into a tube and a longitudinal seam is formed.
  • the thus formed tube is intermittently advanced in package length increments.
  • a transverse seal is formed which defines the lower seal for a package about to be filled, and the upper seal for an already filled package.
  • the package is filled through a vertically extending pipe.
  • the package may be inflated by air or by a gas such as nitrogen, prior to filling.
  • the tube is advanced by a package length and the upper seal of the package is formed, simultaneously with the lower seal of a following package.
  • the packages are separated by cutting between the seals; this may be simultaneous with or subsequent to the sealing operation.
  • the above mentioned packages are generally formed of a flexible sheet plastics material which can be heat sealed to form the various seals by the application of heat and pressure.
  • longitudinal seals may be provided by rotatable wheels or the like, the transverse seals are usually formed by rectangular bars.
  • the transverse seals extending across the packages are of uniform depth and quality in the longitudinal direction of the package, so that a sufficiently strong seal is provided uniformly across the width of the package. At least one of these transverse seals may be separated to gain access to the contents of the package, and the aforementioned problems are encountered.
  • the present invention relates particularly, but not exclusively, to the packaging of snack foods, fluids (such as drinks) or of other products which are to be dispensed from an initially sealed package which is to be opened by separating a transverse seal at one end;
  • a sealed package of flexible sheet material said package having a transverse seal across one end, between two portions of sheet material, which seal is intended to be broken by separating the two portions of material so as to gain access to the interior of the package, wherein said transverse seal has a region of weakness intermediate its extremities where the force required to separate the material portions is substantially less than that required adjacent said extremities.
  • the package may be opened in a conventional manner by pulling the front and back sides of the package apart in opposite directions.
  • the package seal will be first broken in the region of relative weakness.
  • the opening formed in the region of weakness is then widened gradually as the consumer continues to pull the front and back of the package in opposite directions. This encouragement of gradual opening of the package leads to a controlled opening of the package with a reduction in the likelihood of tearing.
  • the greater strength of seal at the extremities of the transverse seal inhibits tearing down the sides of the package.
  • the region of weakness will be of reduced seal strength relative to the strength of the transverse seal over a major, or at least substantial part, of its transverse extent.
  • the region of weakness may have a seal strength which is less than that used for the transverse seal of a conventional package, so as to provide easier opening, and the remainder of the seal may have a seal strength equivalent to or greater than that used in conventional packages. In this manner, a strong structural and air tight seal will be provided across most of the package and this may be sufficient in practice to maintain the structural integrity of the package and the quality of the contents.
  • the region of weakness may be of equivalent or even greater strength than a conventional seal, the difference relative to the rest of the package being relied upon. A consumer may have to use greater force to initiate opening if the seal strength is stronger, but with the reduced risk of tearing the package this would be acceptable.
  • the gas may be used to open the package.
  • the bag is gently squeezed so as to increase the pressure of the gas. Under this pressure, the region of weakness will open first. Once an opening has been defined, the opening can easily be widened without tearing the package. If this method of opening is attempted on conventional packages, then there is a tendency towards tearing or opening along another seal with consequent spillage of the contents and, for example, the contents dropping out of the bottom of the package.
  • the region of weakness provides a region where opening occurs in preference to any point along any other seals in the package.
  • the strength of the seal in the region of weakness should preferably be less than the seal strength of any part of a transverse seal along the opposite end of the package; similarly the force required to separate the portions of material in the region of weakness should preferably be less than that required to separate the portions which form a longitudinal seal.
  • the region of weakness may be provided in a number of ways. If the seal consists of a number of transverse sealing lines, the spacing between the lines could be increased in the region of weakness, for example by omitting portions of alternate lines. If the seal is provided by a number of discrete contact points distributed over an area, then the density of the points could be decreased in this region of weakness. Sealing enhancers such as adhesives or other binding agents could be used outside the region of weakness, or the nature of a thermal bond process altered.
  • the difference in seal strength is provided by varying the depth of the seal in a direction awa from the end of the package.
  • the region of weakness is a region where the depth of the transverse seal is less than adjacent the extremities of the seal.
  • the depth of the seal in such region is less than the depth of the seal over the major part of the transverse - 1 - extent of the package.
  • seal strength may increase gradually in such a fashion, for example by gradually increasing the density of sealing contact points.
  • the seal has a curved or V shaped profile with an apex region defining the region of weakness, and a greater seal depth at the ends of the seal, i.e. extending along the sides of the package.
  • this profile will be on the inner side of the seal - i.e. defining the upper boundary of the space in the package.
  • the upper, outer edge may then be plain although it could be shaped if desired.
  • the profile of the seal need not be symmetric and may be defined by an asymmetric "V” or curve.
  • the seal profile may be such that it is a hybrid of a "V” and a curve so that on one side of the weakness, there is a substantially straight profile whilst on the other side there is substantially curved profile.
  • the region of weakness will, as noted above, generally extend only across part of the package and the major, or at least a substantial, part of the transverse seal will be of higher strength.
  • One reason for restricting the extent of the region of weakness is that reduced sealing not only has a mechanical effect as regards the opening force, but also leads to a greater likelihood of e.g. leakage of gas from or of air into the package. This may lead to deterioration of food products in the package.
  • the region of weakness should have a lateral extent which is significant, both so that it can be identified and so that it will initiate significant separation of the sheet material along the seam. It is, for example, known to provide thin notches in the tops of bags (such as bags of peanuts) which will facilitate tearing.
  • This invention is particularly applicable to packages of snack products made by a vertical form-fill- seal technique. However it will be appreciated that it is equally applicable to horizontal pillow and pouch packaging techniques and to other products. All of these packages can be adapted so that the upper seal of the package includes a region of weakness as set forth above. It will also be appreciated that this invention has wider applications and it may be applied to any other suitable types of packaging where a transverse seal is provided. Many types of product may be stored in packages embodying this invention and in many cases consumers will derive benefit from the opening characteristic of such a package.
  • the package is manufactured from a suitable plastics film such as polypropylene which can be sealed to itself by means of heat and pressure.
  • the package may be manufactured from a flexible paper material or foil material or laminates of any of the above-mentioned materials, such as plastics coated paper.
  • the seal may be made by means other than heating, such as by adhesives, bonding agents, pressure sensitive adhesives or sonic bonding.
  • Apparatus for manufacturing packages in accordance with this invention can be in the form of modified apparatus of e.g. the pillow package, pouch, or vertical form-fill-seal type.
  • packaging apparatus for manufacturing a sealed package of flexible sheet material comprising sealing means for forming a transverse seal between two portions of the sheet material across one end of the package which is adapted to be broken by separating the two portions of material so as to gain access to the interior of the package, wherein the sealing means is such that the transverse seal has a region of weakness intermediate its extremities where the force required to separate the material portions is substantively less than that required adjacent said extremities.
  • the sealing means will generally include members between which the material portions are pressed, at least one of which members is heated.
  • at least one of these members is profiled to form a seal whose depth in a region intermediate its extremities is less than that adjacent its extremities.
  • the profile could be of a curve or a inverted V whose apex defines the region of weakness.
  • Such a profile may be provided on one or both members between which the sheet portions are pressed.
  • This invention also extends to the provision of one or more sealing members for use in the packaging apparatus. Having regard to the preferred embodiment of such apparatus, according to a third aspect of this invention, there is provided a sealing member for forming a transverse seal across an end of a package of flexible sheet material, the sealing member having a profile which defines a seal whose depth in a region intermediate its extremities is less than that adjacent its extremities.
  • a process for manufacturing a sealed package of flexible sheet material in which a transverse seal is formed between two portions of the sheet material across one end of the package, the seal being adapted to be broken by separating the two portions of material so as to gain access to the interior of the package, wherein said seal is formed in such a way as to have a region of weakness intermediate its extremities where the force required to separate the material portions is substantially less than that required adjacent said extremities.
  • the basic apparatus and process may be of any suitable type, including those used for horizontal pouch and pillow package manufacture, but suitably modified in respect of the sealing members.
  • the sealing members may incorporate cutting means for cutting the packages in the region of the seal.
  • a sealing member will define not only the transverse seal for one end of a package, but also the seal for the other end.
  • the sealing member will simultaneously form e.g. the top end of an already filled package, and the bottom end of a following package. The line will advance, and then the top end will be formed on this following package simultaneously with the bottom end of a further following package.
  • the profile of the seal for the opposite end of the package may be plain, ie. a single seal of uniform depth extending across the package, or may have any desired profile.
  • the bottom seal is preferably stronger than the seal in the region of weakness at the top so as to prevent unwanted opening along the bottom, particularly if a squeezing technique is employed.
  • the package has at its opposite end a seal which defines a bottom shape for the package which is particularly advantageous.
  • Both seals in the preferred arrangements define the profile of the interior of the package.
  • the seals at either end may have straight edges or may be angled or curved, or provided with eg. a decorative saw-tooth design.
  • the profile will depend on the profile of the sealing member and of the cutting means.
  • the sealing member may also be used to define a pattern on the sealed region of the package, such as ribbing. This may be achieved by the sealing surface having a plurality of ridges thereon extending in any defined direction. For example the ridges can extend perpendicular to, parallel to or at any intermediate angle to the longitudinal axis of the package. The use of ribbing may improve the strength of the seal.
  • the sealing member may have a heating element associated therewith to heat the sealing surface. This provides the necessary energy to make a bond. However, where sonic bonding is used, for example, the sealing member may have suitable ultra sound producing means.
  • packages are of generally rectangular configuration, having 90° corners at their lower ends in which material tends to be trapped. These corners are generally the junctions between the sides of the package, and a transverse seal across the lower end of the package. This can be a particular problem if the material packaged is a food product.
  • snack products such as peanuts or small items of confectionery
  • entire items may be trapped in the bottom of a package.
  • particles may be broken off and trapped in the corners.
  • powdered flavourings which coat the items can also be rubbed or shaken off and trapped in the corners.
  • These problems are frequently sources of irritation for consumers of the snack products.
  • the consumer usually is able to remove most of the snack product using the forefinger and thumb.
  • the removal of the last particles or last small items of snack product cause problems.
  • the first option is to invert the package to tip out the remaining contents. This is a messy process which can result in the consumer spilling the product on himself or his surroundings.
  • the consumer has to attempt to remove the particles with his hand. This involves trying to force the fingers into the lower corners of the package which, as it will be appreciated, is very messy especially where the snack product has a powdered coating some of which has also collected in the corners.
  • packages are of opaque material either to prevent deterioration of the product by ultra-violet light or because of aesthetic considerations. For example it is often desired to colour the package and/or print thereon. This can make it difficult to determine whether any significant material has been trapped in the corners of the package.
  • a further feature thus relates particularly, but not exclusively, to the packaging of products which include or consist of small items or powdered or particulate material, such as snack and other food products.
  • the transverse profile of the interior of the package adjacent its lower end may be defined by a transverse seal extending between the two sides, wherein said transverse profile is such that there is a gradual transition between each of the sides and the transverse direction.
  • each corner will consist of e.g. a curve or of two or more obtuse angles.
  • the gradual transition may be achieved by the lower seal having a curved inner profile with the lowest point of the curve preferably lying in the middle region of the lower seal.
  • the curve need not be symmetric nor need the lowest point of the curve be in the middle region of the lower end.
  • the curved profile may extend over substantially the entire width of the package.
  • one or more portions could be straight lines.
  • a straight line portion of substantial extent could be used, for example a transverse straight line, which is joined to the sides by curved portions which provide the gradual transition.
  • the gradual transition may be realised by at least one straight line extending downwardly from each of the sides.
  • the lines could meet at a lowest point preferably lying in the middle region of the lower seal, defining a generally "V"-shape.
  • the junction could be a curved portion or a short, straight transverse portion.
  • a straight transverse line of substantial extent could be used, which is joined to the sides by the angled lines.
  • it may be disposed symmetrically so as to provide two 135° internal angles, or asymmetrically. If two straight lines meet at the centre of the package, the angle may be relatively sharp.
  • two symmetrically disposed lines could meet at a right angle. This need not give rise to problems as it is relatively accessible, in the centre of the package.
  • a curved connection portion - as discussed above - can be used if desired.
  • the lines should define a generally downward slope from each side toward the lower edge.
  • the defined inner profile of the sealed region need not be symmetrically arranged about the middle of the package. In general, the gradual transition and/or the overall profile at the lower end of the package may be realised by hybrids of one or more curves and/or straight lines.
  • the seal will also define or follow, at least in part, the outer profile at the bottom of the package.
  • This outer profile could match the inner profile and be curved, for example. This is not necessary, however, and the outer profile may be independent of the inner profile. It may be a conventional transverse straight line, for example.
  • the depth of the seal will vary across the width of the package, being greater at the sides than in the middle region. It may be important, however, for a minimum seal depth to be maintained across the package i.e. so the weakest part of the bottom seal is stronger than the weakest part of the top seal.
  • the central region of the package there may be a junction with a longitudinal seal and this can provide an area of weakness.
  • the depth of the transverse seal at this point should not be reduced below that normally used in packages of conventional construction. Indeed, it may be made greater than normal.
  • Apparatus embodying this invention may also comprise sealing means for forming a transverse sealed region across a lower end of the package wherein, the sealing means defines a transverse interior profile adjacent said end of the package in which there is a gradual transition between the sides of the package and the transverse direction.
  • the seal is provided by two sealing members, at least one of these members is profiled to form a seal, whereby there is a gradual transition between each of the sides of the package at the lower end thereof.
  • the internal profile at the seal can be a curve or any of the above described shapes. Such a profile may be provided on one or both members between which the sheet portions are pressed.
  • sealing member which is profiled not only to form the upper seal but which also forms a transverse seal across the lower end of a package, the sealing member including a profile such that a seal is defined which provides a transverse interior profile of the package adjacent said lower end, in which there is a gradual transition between the sides of the package and the transverse end.
  • a transverse sealed region formed across the lower end of the package, wherein said sealed region defines a transverse interior profile adjacent said lower end of the package in which there is a gradual transition between the sides of the package and the transverse direction.
  • a package of flexible sheet material comprising an upper end, a lower end and two sides, the transverse profile of the interior of the package adjacent its lower end being defined by a transverse seal extending between the two sides, wherein said transverse profile is such that there is a gradual transition between each of the sides and the transverse direction.
  • apparatus for manufacturing a package of flexible sheet material comprising sealing means for forming a transverse sealed region across an end of the package wherein, the sealing means defines a transverse interior profile adjacent said end of the package in which there is a gradual transition between the sides of the package and the transverse direction.
  • a sealing member for forming a transverse seal across an end of a package of flexible sheet material, the sealing member having a profile such that a seal is defined which provides a transverse interior profile of the package adjacent said end, in which there is a gradual transition between the sides of the package and the transverse end.
  • a process for manufacturing a package of flexible sheet material having an upper end, a lower end and two sides, in which a transverse sealed region is formed across one end of the package, wherein said sealed region defines a transverse interior profile adjacent said end of the package, in which there is a gradual transition between the sides of the package and the transverse direction.
  • the end provided with the seal by the above apparatus, sealing member and process is that intended to be the bottom end in use by a consumer. However, it may not be the bottom end during manufacture, storage, shipping etc.
  • the profile of the seal for the opposite end of the package may be plain, ie. a single seal of uniform depth extending across the package, or may have any desired profile such as that in accordance with the first invention disclosed herein.
  • the packages have been defined as having upper ends at which the package is opened and lower ends on which product rest, • these terms are not to be regarded as limiting.
  • the package may be used, stored or transported in an inverted position, i.e. with the end at which the package is opened lowermost.
  • holes may be provided for suspending the package in an inverted position.
  • Figure 1 shows of a front view of a package embodying the present inventions
  • Figure 2 shows a back view of the package of figure 1;
  • Figure 3 shows a cross-section view along line III- III of Figure 2 ;
  • Figure 4 shows an apparatus for making a package such as shown in Figures 1 to 3;
  • Figure 5 shows the end profile of a sealing member of the apparatus of Figure 4.
  • the package 2 is generally in the form of a tube having a front face 4 and back face 6 which are sealed together at their ends by two transverse seals 8 and 10 at opposed ends of the package.
  • the tube is completed by a longitudinal seal 12, extending along the middle of the back face 6 between the two transverse seals 8 and 10.
  • the top transverse seal 8 has a straight outer profile 14 and an inverted V-shaped inner profile 16 as shown in Figures 1 and 2.
  • the apex 18 of the V-shaped inner profile 16 is in a middle region of the seal 8 and defines an area of weakness 20 from which the package can be opened as described below.
  • the apex 18 is not a sharp point but in the nature of a flattened curve, and the area of weakness extends generally between the dotted lines shown on Figure 1.
  • the two extremities 22 of the top transverse seal 8 have a greater depth than that at the area of weakness 20 and the depth of the seal increases gradually from this area to the two extremities.
  • the front and back faces 4 and 6 ' of the package are grasped by the user in the region of the weakness 20 and pulled in opposed directions.
  • the top transverse seal 8 opens first at the area of weakness 20 since the least opening force is required here.
  • the rest of the seal 8 is separated so that the top of the package is open. Since the area of weakness 20 defines the region at which the package first opens, a gradual application of force can be used to open the package so that tearing can be prevented.
  • the package may alternatively be gently squeezed so that the gas in the package exerts pressure on the top transverse seal 8. Since the area of weakness 20 defines the weakest point of that seal, the gas will be forced out of the package in this area to define an initial opening. Once this initial opening has been defined, the rest of the seal is opened by pulling the front and back faces 4 and 6 in opposite directions.
  • the bottom transverse seal 10 like the top transverse seal 8 has a straight outer profile 21, but the inner profile is in the shape of a generally symmetric curve 24 as shown in figures 1 and 2.
  • the curve 24 defines a gradual transition 26 in the interior of the package between the bottom of the package and each of the two adjacent sides 28 and 30.
  • this seal 10 has its narrowest depth 32 in the middle region of the seal, this depth is greater than that of the area of weakness 20 of the top seal so that area of weakness 20 is the weakest point of the package.
  • the bottom seal 10 shaped as shown, small pieces of product may easily be removed from the package since there are no right angled corners for the small pieces of product to get caught in. Rather the product tends to rest on the lowest part of the seal ie. the apex of the curve 24 which is in the middle region of the package so that small pieces of product can easily be removed.
  • the longitudinal seal 12 extends between the transverse seals and is stronger than the area of weakness 20 of the top transverse seal 8.
  • the longitudinal seal 12 is formed by inside face to inside face contact between the edges of the sheet material forming the package.
  • the longitudinal seal 12 is then folded so as to lie flush with the back face of the package and the ends 34 of the longitudinal seal 12 are bonded to the transverse seals 8 and 10 so as to increase the strength of the longitudinal seal in these regions (traditionally a weak area in packages of this kind) .
  • the seal can be arranged so as to provide a longitudinal seal having an inner face to outer face configuration.
  • All of the seals include longitudinal ribs 36 along their length which increase the strength of the seals and provide a decorative effect.
  • the package 2 is made from flexible sheet material such as polypropylene film which is in itself airtight as are the seals so that the package as a whole is airtight. Thus the freshness of the product contained in the package can be assured.
  • Packages are formed from a continuous sheet of flexible polypropylene sheet material 40 which is vertically fed in a downward direction through die 42 which shapes the sheet material 40 into a generally tubular form.
  • the tubular sheet material advances through a longitudinal sealing unit 44 which seals the two longitudinal sides 46 of the tubular sheet material together in inner face to inner face configuration.
  • This sealing unit 44 comprises a rotable member 47 arranged externally of the tubular material which cooperates with a member 48 arranged internally of the tubular material.
  • One or both of the members 47 and 48 comprising the sealing unit 44 incorporate a heating element (not shown) to form the longitudinal seal.
  • one or both of the members 47 and 48 may incorporate ridges to provide ribs 36.
  • the longitudinally sealed tube is then passed to a transverse sealing and cutting unit 50 which is shaped so as to form the top transverse seal 8 of one package along with the bottom transverse seal 10 of an adjacent package.
  • the sealing and cutting unit 50 comprises two parts 52 and 54, one arranged on either side of the tubular sheet.
  • the first part 52 is in the form of a fixed anvil and does not move during either the cutting or sealing action.
  • the second part 54 is reciprocably movable by means of e.g. a hydraulic actuator 56, although both parts 52 and 54 could be movable if desired.
  • One or both of the parts 52 , 54 have an end profile 55 (sealing face) which defines a shape as shown in Figure 5, corresponding to the bottom seal shape of one package and the top seal shape of another, either side of a separating line 58.
  • end profile 55 sealing face
  • the second part 54 also incorporates a blade (not shown) which is normally flush or below the plane of its sealing face.
  • the blade When the first and second parts 52 and 54 are urged together so that the desired seals are formed, the blade is arranged so as to move toward the sealing face 55 of the first part 52 to thereby cut the formed seal in two, along the separating line 58 to separate a formed package from the adjacent package which is still in the process of being formed.
  • the blade is withdrawn to its original position (ie. a non-cutting position) when the cutting operation is completed.
  • the movement of the second part 54 and the blade is controlled by conventional means.
  • One or both of the two parts of the sealing and cutting unit 50 have associated heating elements so as to heat the sealing faces in order to form the transverse seals.
  • the apparatus has a conduit 60 through which product is able to pass, in the direction of arrow 62, down toward a partially formed package.
  • the inner diameter of the conduit 60 is such that the product to be packaged is able to easily pass through the conduit 60.
  • the apparatus may also incorporate means (not shown) for injecting a volume of gas into the package just before it is formed such that the gas is retained in the package after it is fully sealed.
  • the gas may be air, nitrogen, carbon dioxide or any other suitable gas.
  • the package may be formed by the horizontal pouch or pillow pouch technique as opposed to the described vertical form-fill technique.
  • the following steps would be carried out: a) forming a U-shaped channel from flexible sheet material; b) forming two parallel seals, the axes of which are perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the channel; c) filling a compartment of the channel formed by the two parallel seals with product; and d) sealing the open end of the product filled compartment to thereby form a package, wherein at least one of the seals formed in steps b) or d) is such that the seal is formed between two portions of the sheet material, the seal being adapted to be broken by separating the two portions of sheet material to gain access to the interior of the package, said seal being formed in such a way as to have a region of weakness intermediate its extremities where the force required to separate the material portions is substantially less than that required adjacent the extremities, and/or wherein at least one of the seals formed in steps b) or d) is such that the seal forms a transverse sealed region across one end of the package, said sealed region
  • the following steps would be carried out; a) placing product on flexible sheet material; b) forming a tube about the product; c) sealing the tube along a longitudinal seam thereof formed by overlapping edges of the sheet material; d) forming seals transverse, with respect to the longitudinal axis, on either side of the product to form the package, wherein at least one of the transverse seals is adapted to be broken by separating two portions of sheet material to gain access to the interior of the package, the seal being formed in such a way as to have a region of weakness intermediate its extremities where the force required to separate the material portions is substantially less than that required adjacent the extremities, and/or wherein at least one of the transverse seals forms a transverse sealed region across one end of the package, wherein said sealed region defines a transverse interior profile adjacent said end of the package in which there is a gradual transition between the sides of the package and the transverse direction.
  • the cutting means may be associated with the relevant sealing means or may alternatively be provided as a separate unit downstream of the sealing means.
  • the shape of the seals can be varied so as to be asymmetric and may have any suitable shape.
  • the point of weakness may not necessarily be defined in terms of a least depth but may be defined in terms of least bond strength by for example varying the quantity of adhesive used in the region of weakness or in the case of heat sealing, the intensity of heat applied to the. seal may be less in one region to define area of weakness.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Packages (AREA)
  • Containers And Plastic Fillers For Packaging (AREA)

Abstract

Un emballage (2) comprend une fermeture hermétique transversale supérieure (8) pouvant être ouverte par la séparation de deux parties (4, 6) du matériau en feuille constituant l'emballage (2). La fermeture hermétique (8) présente une zone affaiblie (20) entre ses deux extrémités (22), au niveau de laquelle la force requise pour séparer les parties (4, 6) du matériau en feuille est sensiblement inférieure à celle requise à proximité des extrémités (22). Une fermeture hermétique transversale inférieure (10) délimite le profil interne de l'emballage (2). Cette fermeture hermétique inférieure (10) est telle qu'une transition progressive (26) est créée entre chacun des côtés de l'emballage (28, 30) et la direction transversale. Le produit à l'intérieur de l'emballage (2) a ainsi tendance à se placer au centre par rapport à la fermeture hermétique inférieure (10) afin d'être aisément accessible.
EP92924770A 1991-12-02 1992-12-01 Emballages Withdrawn EP0614435A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB919125608A GB9125608D0 (en) 1991-12-02 1991-12-02 Packages
GB9125608 1991-12-02
GB9125609 1991-12-02
GB919125609A GB9125609D0 (en) 1991-12-02 1991-12-02 Packages
PCT/GB1992/002224 WO1993011054A1 (fr) 1991-12-02 1992-12-01 Emballages

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0614435A1 true EP0614435A1 (fr) 1994-09-14

Family

ID=26299945

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP92924770A Withdrawn EP0614435A1 (fr) 1991-12-02 1992-12-01 Emballages

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0614435A1 (fr)
AU (1) AU4028793A (fr)
GB (1) GB2276138B (fr)
WO (1) WO1993011054A1 (fr)

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US5861185A (en) 1996-08-22 1999-01-19 Mars, Incorporated Ultrasonic forming of confectionery products
US5871783A (en) 1996-08-22 1999-02-16 Mars, Incorporated Apparatus for ultrasonically forming confectionery products
US5871793A (en) 1996-11-27 1999-02-16 Mars Incorporated Puffed cereal cakes
GB2335910B (en) 1998-04-01 2002-07-03 Masterfoods S A Nv Boil-in-bag sachet
GB2342082A (en) * 1998-09-29 2000-04-05 Smith David S Packaging Machine for obliquely sealing and filling flexible containers
US6368647B1 (en) 1998-12-29 2002-04-09 Mars, Incorporated Ultrasonically activated continuous slitter apparatus and method
US6153232A (en) * 1999-02-11 2000-11-28 Uncle Ben's, Inc. Boil-in-bag package
US6395317B1 (en) 1999-02-11 2002-05-28 Mars Incorporated Process and apparatus for forming dual compartment pouches from a continuous web
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US6655948B2 (en) 2001-08-31 2003-12-02 Mars, Incorporated System of ultrasonic processing of pre-baked food product
US6635292B2 (en) 2001-10-26 2003-10-21 Mars, Incorporated Ultrasonic rotary forming of food products
EP1795454B1 (fr) 2004-10-01 2012-01-25 Orihiro Co., Ltd. Sac d'emballage d'oreillers, corps d'emballage de type oreiller, mâchoire de thermoscellage pour machine d'emballage d'oreillers et machine d'emballage d'oreillers
US8622206B2 (en) * 2006-09-08 2014-01-07 The Procter & Gamble Company Peel-to-open packages
WO2012094773A1 (fr) * 2011-01-10 2012-07-19 The Procter & Gamble Company Sachet à coin incurvé concave
US8650843B2 (en) 2011-02-04 2014-02-18 Alpma Alpenland Maschinenbau Gmbh Method of packaging products
GB2491557B (en) * 2011-05-05 2013-09-11 Frito Lay Trading Co Gmbh Package, packaging apparatus, and method of making packages
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB9411557D0 (en) 1994-08-03
WO1993011054A1 (fr) 1993-06-10
GB2276138B (en) 1996-07-31
GB2276138A (en) 1994-09-21
AU4028793A (en) 1993-06-28

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