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EP0604600B1 - Apparatus for driving a wobbling body - Google Patents

Apparatus for driving a wobbling body Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0604600B1
EP0604600B1 EP93909745A EP93909745A EP0604600B1 EP 0604600 B1 EP0604600 B1 EP 0604600B1 EP 93909745 A EP93909745 A EP 93909745A EP 93909745 A EP93909745 A EP 93909745A EP 0604600 B1 EP0604600 B1 EP 0604600B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
shaft
oloid
guide rail
guide
tumbling
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP93909745A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0604600A1 (en
Inventor
Pio Meyer
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Bioengineering AG
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Bioengineering AG
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Publication date
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01FMIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F29/00Mixers with rotating receptacles

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a device for driving a wobble body according to the preamble of patent claim 1.
  • CH patent 500,000 describes a device for generating a wobbling movement. This consists of a body which the inventor Paul Schatz calls an "oloid" in his book “Rhythm Research and Technology” (Stuttgart 1975). According to CH-A1 500 000, this oloid is driven by an endless belt on which the oloid is placed.
  • a device is known with which a body is also set in a tumbling motion.
  • the type of wobble is completely different from what is meant here.
  • a cylinder body is rotated uniformly about its longitudinal axis.
  • This first cylinder body is designed in such a way that it is suitable for receiving a second, essentially likewise cylindrical body.
  • the longitudinal axes of the two cylinder bodies now intersect at a certain, predetermined angle.
  • the longitudinal axis of the second cylinder body used - which is generally proposed as a drum-shaped receptacle for mixed material or the like - describes a double cone about the longitudinal axis of the first cylinder body in the course of one revolution of the first cylinder body.
  • the center of gravity of the contents moves both radially and axially with respect to the center of the receptacle. Because of the uniformity of the rotation of the second cylinder axis about the first, however, the movement characteristics of both the receptacle, the contents and its center of gravity are completely different from those envisaged here.
  • the object on which this present invention is based is to create a drive for an oloid body which overcomes the disadvantages mentioned and is equally suitable for oloids within a large dimensional range.
  • FIG. 1a, b schematically show an oloid in different layers on an endless belt 2 which rotates in the direction of the arrow with a uniform movement.
  • the horizontally running band 2 three levels E1, E2, E3 are erected in the spirit, which run vertically, that is perpendicular to the horizontal plane.
  • the levels E1, E2 flank the endless belt 2 and are parallel to its direction of movement; the third level E3 is both perpendicular to the horizontal plane and on the levels E1, E2.
  • the oloid If the oloid is initially at rest in its stable equilibrium position on band 2, its line of contact lies in the line of intersection of the horizontal plane (or band 2) with plane E3. Furthermore, the oloid has a longitudinal axis which, in the said equilibrium position, also extends in the plane E3 and pierces the planes E1, E2 in two points, the penetration points D1, D2.
  • the penetration points D1, D2 of the longitudinal axis 3 of the oloid on the planes E1, E2 each describe an oval curve K1, K2.
  • the sizes and shapes of the oval curves K1, K2 depend on the lateral spacing of the planes E1, E2 from the respective edge of the band 2nd
  • Fig. 1a shows three positions of the oloid 1 during a full rotation about the - not spatially fixed - longitudinal axis 3; In Fig. 1b this number is reduced to two for the sake of clarity, the top and the lowest extreme position of the intersection points D1, D2 indicate.
  • An oloid-shaped hollow body 4 which is designed, for example, as a mixing vessel and has a closable opening 5, lies on a roller carpet 51.
  • the roller carpet 51 consists of a plurality of short free-running rollers 52 with mutually parallel axes of rotation, the direction of which is perpendicular to the plane of the drawing in FIG. 2a and parallel to that in FIG. 2b.
  • the axes of the rollers are thus perpendicular to the two levels E1, E2.
  • the direction of these planes E1, E2 is referred to as the direction of movement of the wobble body.
  • the hollow body 4 is constructed differently from the oloid shape, in such a way that a segment is cut off in each case, and a, for example, hollow shaft 6 passes through a surface 7 that cuts off the segment at right angles.
  • the contact line resting on the roller carpet 51 in the two extreme positions of the hollow body 4 is thus somewhat shortened. This allows the roller carpet 51 to be made so much narrower that the shaft 6 can be led out to the side.
  • an endless belt 2 is also in accordance with the invention, but the belt is only moved passively, as is also the case for the roller carpet 51. This embodiment variant also applies to the second exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 6.
  • Fig. 1a with K1, K2 oval curves are realized as oval guide rails 8, only one of which is shown, since - provided the lateral distances from the roller carpet 51 are the same, and the hollow body 4 along the center line of the roller carpet 51 moves - are congruent.
  • the shaft 6 is actively guided along the guide rail 8 by means of a carriage 9, as described in detail with reference to FIG. 3.
  • the carriage 9, which is only shown schematically in FIG. 2, is shown in detail in FIG. 3.
  • the guide rail 8 naturally differs in shape from the shape of the oval curves K1, K2, since this is valid for mathematical axes; the distance of the axis of rotation of the shaft 6 from the limits of the guide rail 8 is to be considered.
  • the guide rail 8 is mounted in a strong frame 11 by means of four spring joints 10 in such a way that it can compensate for the influence of the tolerances mentioned in the vertical direction .
  • the number four is not essential to the invention; six or eight such spring joints 10 can also be provided.
  • FIGS. 5a, b Said active guidance of the carriage 9 along the guide rail 8 is described in detail in FIGS. 5a, b.
  • the elements entered in FIGS. 2a, b and designated by the numbers 58, 59 are related to this.
  • the carriage 9 shown in plan view in FIG. 3 a, in partial longitudinal section in FIG. 3 b, consists of a frame 12, which carries two guide wheels 13, for example, with ball bearings with grooves 14. These encompass the guide rail 8.
  • the carriage 9 can therefore move in the plane defined by the guide rail 8.
  • the frame 12 carries a swivel joint 19, the axis of rotation of which is perpendicular to the tangent to the guide rail 8.
  • a plate 20 is rotatably fastened to the frame 12 by means of the swivel joint 19.
  • This plate 20 carries a transverse axis 15, by means of which a guide body 16 is pivotally mounted.
  • the transverse axis 15 is perpendicular to the axis of the swivel joint 19 and has the direction of the tangent to the guide rail 8.
  • the shaft 6 is rotatably and longitudinally displaceable, which is indicated in Fig. 3b by arrows.
  • a roller chain 53 rotates in the guide rail 8, the cross section of which is shown in FIG. 3b.
  • the carriage 9 is driven by this roller chain 53.
  • the frame 12 of the carriage 9 is connected via a pin 54 to the axis of a roller 55 of the roller chain 53 mentioned.
  • FIG. 4 A variant of the carriage 9 shown in FIGS. 3a, b is shown in FIG. 4.
  • the carriage 9 is supplemented by a third guide wheel 18 which is carried by a frame part 22 connected to the frame 12 by a hinge joint 21.
  • the frame part 22 is pressed away from the frame 12 by a spring 17; the third guide wheel 18 thus remains in frictional engagement with the guide rail 8.
  • FIG. 5a, b the roller chain 53 and its drive in connection with the guide rail 8 are shown; in Fig. 5a partially in section, in Fig. 5b in a partially broken plan view.
  • a drive gear 56 is let into the guide rail 8 at one point - for example, at the bottom right of the guide rail 8 in FIG. 2a. This is driven by a motor 58 via a gear 57.
  • Each of the two oval-shaped guide rails 8 carries such a drive consisting of the elements 56, 57, 58.
  • the two motors 58 are fed by a controlled power supply, which is shown schematically in FIG. 2a and is designated by the number 59.
  • the controlled power supply 59 can be designed, for example, in the manner known from CH patent application 849 / 92-6.
  • program control of the motors 58 designed as incremental motors can also be provided, which takes into account the strongly non-uniform movement of the carriages 9.
  • the location-speed profile of the motor 58 can therefore be permanently stored in the numerically controlled power supply 59.
  • Setpoint / actual value comparison of the position of the motor is state of the art and need not be described here.
  • the geometrical forced travel caused by the guide rail 8 from the first exemplary embodiment is replaced by a two-coordinate control consisting of a vertically movable and driven slide 60 and a horizontally movable and driven slide 61.
  • the slide 60 runs in the manner of rails 64 provided frame 11.
  • the slide 60 forms the guide for the slide 61.
  • a ball 62 is mounted in the slide 61, which forms the bearing for the shaft.
  • the drives (not shown) of the carriages 60, 61 are fed by a controller 63 in which the location-speed profile is stored.
  • the drives are the slides to accommodate construction and shape tolerances 60, 61 equipped with sensors that modify the setpoint profile in the controller 63 from the comparison of applied and permissible forces, as is known from robotics.
  • the hollow body 4 runs on the roller carpet 51 as in the first exemplary embodiment.
  • a variant, not shown, for both the first and the second exemplary embodiment is a free-running endless belt that runs over two rollers, which then takes the place of the roller carpet 51.
  • Frames 11 with rails 64, slides 60 and 61 with ball 62 are, of course, duplicated, analogous to the first exemplary embodiment according to FIGS. 2a, b, since a frame 11 is fastened on each side of the roller carpet 51.
  • both the carriages 60 and the carriages 61 move essentially in opposite directions in order to give the shaft 6 that movement which causes the hollow body 4 to wobble.
  • a skeleton body 66 formed from partially bent rods 65, as shown in plan and elevation in FIGS. 7a, b. Therefore, a simply designed vessel 67, for example a commercially available chemical drum, can be fastened in the interior of the skeleton body 66 with rods 68 and bands 69.
  • the shaft 6 can also be hollow. Then the device according to the invention is also suitable for mixing liquid or solid materials in the flow-through method.
  • the shaft 6 is provided at each end with a rotary feedthrough known per se. With such rotary unions, several components can be added; Furthermore, the introduction of measuring probes for pressure, temperature, pH and other parameters is possible without any problems.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Transmission Devices (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)
  • Mixers With Rotating Receptacles And Mixers With Vibration Mechanisms (AREA)
  • Rollers For Roller Conveyors For Transfer (AREA)
  • Valve Device For Special Equipments (AREA)
  • Mechanical Operated Clutches (AREA)

Abstract

PCT No. PCT/CH93/00136 Sec. 371 Date Jun. 17, 1994 Sec. 102(e) Date Mar. 18, 1994 PCT Filed May 27, 1993 PCT Pub. No. WO94/02236 PCT Pub. Date Feb. 3, 1994.An oloid-shaped body is placed on either a roller carpet or a free moving conveyor belt. The embodiments of the oloid-shaped body are a hollow body with a closeable opening and a skeleton body for attachment of vessels. A shaft is attached to the oloid-shaped body and has the position and direction of the longitudinal axis of the oloid-shaped body. A hollow shaft allows access to the oloid-shaped body during movement. A frame is positioned on either side of the conveyor belt, with a plurality of spring attachments connecting an oval guiding rail to each of the frames. A carriage runs around each of the guiding rails and guides an end of the shaft in an oval path. Drive units have drive chains which run around a path in each of the guiding rails and attaches to each of the carriages. In this manner, the drive units cause the carriages to move the shaft, thereby causing the oloid-shaped body to tumble in a stationary manner. A controlled power supply drives the drive units according to a position speed profile stored therein. An alternative to using the combination of using the guiding rails, carriages, and drives is the use of vertical and horizontal slides, each driven by a controlled drive so as to cause the shaft ends to rotate in the same rotational path, but in different directions.

Description

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung zum Antrieb eines Taumelkörpers gemäss dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruches 1.The present invention relates to a device for driving a wobble body according to the preamble of patent claim 1.

Im CH-Patent 500 000 ist eine Vorrichtung zum Erzeugen einer taumelnden Bewegung beschrieben. Diese besteht aus einem Körper, den der Erfinder Paul Schatz in seinem Buche "Rhythmusforschung und Technik" (Stuttgart 1975) ein "Oloid" nennt. Angetrieben wird dieses Oloid gemäss CH-A1 500 000 durch ein endloses Band, auf welches das Oloid aufgelegt wird.CH patent 500,000 describes a device for generating a wobbling movement. This consists of a body which the inventor Paul Schatz calls an "oloid" in his book "Rhythm Research and Technology" (Stuttgart 1975). According to CH-A1 500 000, this oloid is driven by an endless belt on which the oloid is placed.

In der Praxis hat sich dieser Antrieb nicht durchsetzen können, da dies einerseits eine ideale Fertigungsgenauigkeit des Oloides voraussetzt, und anderseits beim Abrollen des Oloides auf dem Band keinerlei Schlupf entstehen darf. Führungsrollen, wie dies bei trommelförmigen Wälzkörpern möglich ist, sind bei der Form des Oloides ausgeschlossen: Es besitzt zwar - wie ein Zylinder - eine gerade Berührungslinie auf einer Ebene, nur ändert sich der Winkel dieser Berührungslinie zur Fortbewegungsrichtung des Bandes in oszillatorischer Weise. Die Erfindung hat sich daher auch nie durchzusetzen vermocht, im Gegensatz zur Lösung gemäss dem CH-Patent 216 760, in welchem der Hohlkörper, welcher eine taumelnde Bewegung ausführt, als Glied einer halben Bricard-Gelenkkette gelagert ist. Diese Lösung hat sich in verschiedenen Ausführungsformen und mit verschiedenen Antriebsmitteln im Markte durchgesetzt. Allerdings haftet ihr ein schwerer Nachteil an, der es verhindert, eine Mischmaschine nach dem Oloid- oder Inversionsprinzip zu bauen, deren Fassungsvermögen bei einem oder mehreren Kubikmetern liegt. Dieser Nachteil liegt in den grossen Massenkräften, die beim Betrieb auftreten, und nach Grösse und Richtung dauernd ändern. Die Massenkräfte verlangen ausserordentlich kräftige Dimensionierung aller Bauteile und stellen extreme Anforderungen an das Fundament einer solchen Maschine.In practice, this drive has not been able to assert itself, since on the one hand this presupposes an ideal manufacturing accuracy of the oloid and on the other hand no slippage must occur when the oloid is rolled on the belt. Guide rollers, as is possible with drum-shaped rolling elements, are excluded from the shape of the oloid: Although it has - like a cylinder - a straight line of contact on one level, the angle of this line of contact to the direction of travel of the strip changes in an oscillatory manner. The invention has therefore never been able to prevail, in contrast to the solution according to Swiss Patent 216 760, in which the hollow body, which carries out a tumbling movement, is mounted as a link of half a Bricard link chain. This solution has prevailed in the market in various embodiments and with different drive means. However, there is a serious disadvantage that prevents it from building a mixer according to the oloid or inversion principle, the capacity of which is one or more cubic meters. This disadvantage lies in the large mass forces that occur during operation and change constantly in size and direction. The mass forces require extremely strong dimensions of all components and place extreme demands on the foundation of such a machine.

Aus CH-422 723 ist eine Vorrichtung bekannt, mit welcher ebenfalls ein Körper in eine taumelnde Bewegung versetzt wird. Die Art der Taumelbewegung ist allerdings von der hier gemeinten völlig verschieden. In CH-422 723 wird ein Zylinderkörper um seine Längsachse in gleichförmige Drehbewegung versetzt. Dieser erste Zylinderkörper ist so ausgestaltet, dass er zur Aufnahme eines zweiten, im wesentlichen ebenfalls zylindrischen Körpers geeignet ist. Die Längsachsen der beiden Zylinderkörper schneiden einander nun unter einem bestimmten, vorgegebenen Winkel. Dadurch beschreibt die Längsachse des zweiten, eingesetzten Zylinderkörpers - der in der Regel als trommelförmiges Aufnahmegefäss für Mischgut oder dergleichen vorgeschlagen ist - im Laufe einer Umdrehung des ersten Zylinderkörpers einen Doppelkegel um die Längsachse des ersten Zylinderkörpers. Ist das trommelförmige Aufnahmegefäss nicht zur Gänze gefüllt oder sein Inhalt dichtemässig stark inhomogen, so bewegt sich der Schwerpunkt des Inhaltes sowohl radial als auch axial in bezug auf das Zentrum des Aufnahmegefässes. Wegen der Gleichförmigkeit der Drehung der zweiten Zylinderachse um die erste ist jedoch die Bewegungscharakteristik sowohl des Aufnahmegefässes, wie des Inhaltes und seines Schwerpunktes eine völlig andere, als vorliegend ins Auge gefasst.From CH-422 723 a device is known with which a body is also set in a tumbling motion. However, the type of wobble is completely different from what is meant here. In CH-422 723, a cylinder body is rotated uniformly about its longitudinal axis. This first cylinder body is designed in such a way that it is suitable for receiving a second, essentially likewise cylindrical body. The longitudinal axes of the two cylinder bodies now intersect at a certain, predetermined angle. As a result, the longitudinal axis of the second cylinder body used - which is generally proposed as a drum-shaped receptacle for mixed material or the like - describes a double cone about the longitudinal axis of the first cylinder body in the course of one revolution of the first cylinder body. If the drum-shaped receptacle is not completely filled or its contents are densely inhomogeneous, the center of gravity of the contents moves both radially and axially with respect to the center of the receptacle. Because of the uniformity of the rotation of the second cylinder axis about the first, however, the movement characteristics of both the receptacle, the contents and its center of gravity are completely different from those envisaged here.

Die Aufgabe, die dieser vorliegenden Erfindung zugrunde liegt, ist die Schaffung eines Antriebs für einen Oloid-Körper, der die genannten Nachteile überwindet und sich für Oloide innerhalb eines grossen Dimensionsbereiches gleichermassen eignet.The object on which this present invention is based is to create a drive for an oloid body which overcomes the disadvantages mentioned and is equally suitable for oloids within a large dimensional range.

Die Lösung ist wiedergegeben im Patentanspruch 1 hinsichtlich des zentralen Erfindungsgedankens, in den Patentansprüchen 2 bis 13 hinsichtlich weiterer Ausgestaltungen.The solution is given in claim 1 with regard to the central idea of the invention, in claims 2 to 13 with respect further refinements.

Anhand der beiliegenden Zeichnung wird der Erfindungsgedanke mit mehreren Ausführungsbeispielen näher erläutert.The concept of the invention is explained in more detail with the aid of the attached drawing with several exemplary embodiments.

Es zeigen

Fig. 1a, b
in schematischer Weise die geometrischen Verhältnisse der Bewegung eines Oloides,
Fig. 2a, b
ein erstes Ausführungsbeispiel in zwei Seitenansichten,
Fig. 3a, b
ein Detail aus Fig. 2a in Draufsicht und im teilweisen Schnitt,
Fig. 4
eine Variante zu Fig. 3a,
Fig. 5a, b
ein Detail aus Fig. 3a in Draufsicht und im teilweisen Schnitt
Fig. 6
ein zweites Ausführungsbeispiel
Fig. 7
eine Variante zu einem verwendeten Bauteil.
Show it
Fig. 1a, b
schematically the geometric relationships of the movement of an oloid,
2a, b
a first embodiment in two side views,
3a, b
2 a detail from FIG. 2a in a top view and in partial section,
Fig. 4
a variant of Fig. 3a,
5a, b
a detail from Fig. 3a in plan view and in partial section
Fig. 6
a second embodiment
Fig. 7
a variant of a component used.

Fig. 1a, b zeigt in schematischer Weise ein Oloid in verschiedenen Lagen auf einem endlosen Band 2, das in der Pfeilrichtung mit gleichförmiger Bewegung umläuft. Mit Beziehung auf das horizontal laufende Band 2 sind in gedanklicher Hinsicht drei Ebenen E₁, E₂, E₃ errichtet, die vertikal, also senkrecht zur Horizontalebene verlaufen. Die Ebenen E₁, E₂ flankieren das endlose Band 2 und liegen parallel zu seiner Bewegungsrichtung; die dritte Ebene E₃ steht sowohl senkrecht auf der Horizontalebene als auch auf den Ebenen E₁, E₂.1a, b schematically show an oloid in different layers on an endless belt 2 which rotates in the direction of the arrow with a uniform movement. With regard to the horizontally running band 2, three levels E₁, E₂, E₃ are erected in the spirit, which run vertically, that is perpendicular to the horizontal plane. The levels E₁, E₂ flank the endless belt 2 and are parallel to its direction of movement; the third level E₃ is both perpendicular to the horizontal plane and on the levels E₁, E₂.

Liegt das Oloid zunächst in Ruhe in seiner ltabilen Gleichgewichtslage auf dem Band 2, so liegt seine Berührungslinie in der Schnittgeraden der Horizontalebene (bzw. des Bandes 2) mit der Ebene E₃. Ferner hat das Oloid eine Längsachse, die in der genannten Gleichgewichtslage ebenfalls in der Ebene E₃ verläuft und die Ebenen E₁, E₂ in zwei Punkten, den Durchstosspunkten D₁, D₂ durchstösst.If the oloid is initially at rest in its stable equilibrium position on band 2, its line of contact lies in the line of intersection of the horizontal plane (or band 2) with plane E₃. Furthermore, the oloid has a longitudinal axis which, in the said equilibrium position, also extends in the plane E₃ and pierces the planes E₁, E₂ in two points, the penetration points D₁, D₂.

Falls die Taumelbewegung des Oloides so abläuft, dass der Schwerpunkt in der senkrecht zum Band 2 verlaufenden Ebene E₃ bleibt, dann beschreiben die Durchstosspunkte D₁, D₂ der Längsachse 3 des Oloides auf den Ebenen E₁, E₂ je eine Ovalkurve K₁, K₂. Die Grössen und Formen der Oval-Kurven K₁, K₂ sind abhängig von den seitlichen Abständen der Ebenen E₁, E₂ von der jeweiligen Kante des Bandes 2.If the tumbling movement of the oloid is such that the center of gravity remains in the plane E₃ running perpendicular to the band 2, then the penetration points D₁, D₂ of the longitudinal axis 3 of the oloid on the planes E₁, E₂ each describe an oval curve K₁, K₂. The sizes and shapes of the oval curves K₁, K₂ depend on the lateral spacing of the planes E₁, E₂ from the respective edge of the band 2nd

Fig. 1a zeigt drei Stellungen des Oloides 1 während einer vollen Umdrehung um die - nicht raumfeste - Längsachse 3; in Fig. 1b ist diese Zahl der Uebersichtlichkeit halber auf zwei reduziert, um die oberste und die unterste Extremlage der Durchstosspunkte D₁, D₂ anzuzeigen.Fig. 1a shows three positions of the oloid 1 during a full rotation about the - not spatially fixed - longitudinal axis 3; In Fig. 1b this number is reduced to two for the sake of clarity, the top and the lowest extreme position of the intersection points D₁, D₂ indicate.

Die Bewegung der Durchstosspunkte D₁, D₂ erfolgt also im gleichen Drehsinn aber im wesentlichen gegengleich.The movement of the penetration points D 1, D 2 thus takes place in the same direction of rotation but essentially in opposite directions.

Fig. 2 zeigt ein erstes Ausführungsbeispiel einer erfindungsgemässen Vorrichtung. Auf einem Rollenteppich 51 liegt ein oloidförmiger Hohlkörper 4, der beispielsweise als Mischgefäss ausgebildet ist und eine verschliessbare Oeffnung 5 aufweist. Der Rollenteppich 51 besteht aus einer Vielzahl von kurzen frei laufenden Rollen 52 mit untereinander parallelen Drehachsen, deren Richtung senkrecht steht auf der Zeichenebene von Fig. 2a und parallel zu jener von Fig. 2b. Die Achsen der Rollen stehen somit senkrecht auf den beiden Ebenen E₁, E₂. Die Richtung dieser Ebenen E₁, E₂ sei als Bewegungsrichtung des Taumelkörpers bezeichnet. An Gen beiden Enden ist der Hohlkörper 4 abweichend von der Oloidform gebaut, dergestalt, dass jeweils ein Segment abgeschnitten ist, und eine, beispielsweise hohle Welle 6 durch eine das Segment abschneidende Fläche 7 rechtwinklig hindurchgeht. Damit wird die jeweils auf dem Rollenteppich 51 aufliegende Berührungslinie in den zwei Extremlagen des Hohlkörpers 4 etwas verkürzt. Dies erlaubt, den Rollenteppich 51 um soviel schmaler auszugestalten, dass die Welle 6 seitlich herausgeführt werden kann. Anstelle eines Rollenteppichs 51 ist auch ein endloses Band 2 erfindungsgemäss, wobei das Band aber lediglich passiv mitbewegt wird, wie dies auch für den Rollenteppich 51 gilt. Diese Ausführungsvariante gilt auch für das zweite Ausführungsbeispiel gemäss Fig. 6.2 shows a first exemplary embodiment of a device according to the invention. An oloid-shaped hollow body 4, which is designed, for example, as a mixing vessel and has a closable opening 5, lies on a roller carpet 51. The roller carpet 51 consists of a plurality of short free-running rollers 52 with mutually parallel axes of rotation, the direction of which is perpendicular to the plane of the drawing in FIG. 2a and parallel to that in FIG. 2b. The axes of the rollers are thus perpendicular to the two levels E₁, E₂. The direction of these planes E₁, E₂ is referred to as the direction of movement of the wobble body. At both ends, the hollow body 4 is constructed differently from the oloid shape, in such a way that a segment is cut off in each case, and a, for example, hollow shaft 6 passes through a surface 7 that cuts off the segment at right angles. The contact line resting on the roller carpet 51 in the two extreme positions of the hollow body 4 is thus somewhat shortened. This allows the roller carpet 51 to be made so much narrower that the shaft 6 can be led out to the side. Instead of a roller carpet 51, an endless belt 2 is also in accordance with the invention, but the belt is only moved passively, as is also the case for the roller carpet 51. This embodiment variant also applies to the second exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 6.

Die in Fig. 1a mit K₁, K₂ bezeichneten Ovalkurven sind als ovale Führungsschienen 8 realisiert, von denen nur die eine dargestellt ist, da sie - sofern die seitlichen Abstände vom Rollenteppich 51 die gleichen sind, und der Hohlkörper 4 sich entlang der Mittellinie des Rollenteppichs 51 bewegt - deckungsgleich sind. Die Welle 6 wird mittels eines Wagens 9 der Führungsschiene 8 aktiv entlang geführt, wie anhand von Fig. 3 eingehend beschrieben ist. Der Wagen 9, der in Fig. 2 nur schematisch dargestellt ist, wird in Fig. 3 im Detail gezeigt. Die Führungsschiene 8 weicht in ihrer Form selbstverständlich ab von der Form der Ovalkurven K₁, K₂ , da diese gültig ist für mathematische Achsen; der Abstand der Drehachse der Welle 6 von den Begrenzungen der Führungsschiene 8 ist in Betracht zu ziehen. Da einerseits kleine Toleranzen in der Fertigung des Hohlkörpers 4, anderseits seine Deformation unter dem Einfluss des Gewichtes des Füllgutes in Betracht gezogen werden muss, ist die Führungsschiene 8 mittels vier Federgelenken 10 in einem starken Rahmen 11 so gelagert, dass sie in vertikaler Richtung den Einfluss der genannten Toleranzen kompensieren kann. Die Zahl vier ist jedoch nicht erfindungswesentlich; es können durchaus auch sechs oder acht solcher Federgelenke 10 vorgesehen werden.The designated in Fig. 1a with K₁, K₂ oval curves are realized as oval guide rails 8, only one of which is shown, since - provided the lateral distances from the roller carpet 51 are the same, and the hollow body 4 along the center line of the roller carpet 51 moves - are congruent. The shaft 6 is actively guided along the guide rail 8 by means of a carriage 9, as described in detail with reference to FIG. 3. The carriage 9, which is only shown schematically in FIG. 2, is shown in detail in FIG. 3. The guide rail 8 naturally differs in shape from the shape of the oval curves K₁, K₂, since this is valid for mathematical axes; the distance of the axis of rotation of the shaft 6 from the limits of the guide rail 8 is to be considered. On the one hand, small tolerances in the manufacture of the hollow body 4, on the other hand its deformation under the influence of the weight of the filling material must be taken into account, the guide rail 8 is mounted in a strong frame 11 by means of four spring joints 10 in such a way that it can compensate for the influence of the tolerances mentioned in the vertical direction . However, the number four is not essential to the invention; six or eight such spring joints 10 can also be provided.

Anstelle der in Fig. 2 gezeigten, von der Form des Oloides abweichenden Form des Hohlkörpers 4, ist es erfindungsgemäss, das Oloid ganz auszuführen und dafür den Rollenteppich 51 um soviel schmaler zu machen, wie notwendig ist, um der Vertikalbewegung der Welle 6 Rechnung zu tragen.Instead of the shape of the hollow body 4 shown in FIG. 2, which deviates from the shape of the oloid, it is according to the invention to carry out the oloid entirely and to make the roller carpet 51 narrower by as much as is necessary to take the vertical movement of the shaft 6 into account carry.

Die genannte aktive Führung des Wagens 9 entlang der Führungsschiene 8 wird in den Fig. 5a, b im einzelnen beschrieben. Die in Fig. 2a, b eingetragenen und mit den Nummern 58, 59 bezeichneten Elemente stehen damit im Zusammenhang.Said active guidance of the carriage 9 along the guide rail 8 is described in detail in FIGS. 5a, b. The elements entered in FIGS. 2a, b and designated by the numbers 58, 59 are related to this.

Der in Fig. 3a in der Draufsicht, in Fig. 3b im teilweisen Längsschnitt dargestellte Wagen 9 besteht aus einem Gestell 12, welcher zwei beispielsweise kugelgelagerte Führungsräder 13 mit Nuten 14 trägt. Diese umgreifen die Führungsschiene 8. Der Wagen 9 kann sich also in der durch die Führungsschiene 8 definierten Ebene bewegen. Gegen die Kurveninnenseite der Führungsschiene 8 trägt das Gestell 12 ein Drehgelenk 19, dessen Drehachse senkrecht steht auf der Tangente an die Führungsschiene 8. Mittels des Drehgelenkes 19 ist eine Platte 20 am Gestell 12 drehbar befestigt. Diese Platte 20 trägt eine Querachse 15, mittels derer ein Führungskörper 16 schwenkbar gelagert ist. Die Querachse 15 steht senkrecht auf der Achse des Drehgelenkes 19 und hat die Richtung der Tangente an die Führungsschiene 8.The carriage 9 shown in plan view in FIG. 3 a, in partial longitudinal section in FIG. 3 b, consists of a frame 12, which carries two guide wheels 13, for example, with ball bearings with grooves 14. These encompass the guide rail 8. The carriage 9 can therefore move in the plane defined by the guide rail 8. Against the inside of the curve of the guide rail 8, the frame 12 carries a swivel joint 19, the axis of rotation of which is perpendicular to the tangent to the guide rail 8. A plate 20 is rotatably fastened to the frame 12 by means of the swivel joint 19. This plate 20 carries a transverse axis 15, by means of which a guide body 16 is pivotally mounted. The transverse axis 15 is perpendicular to the axis of the swivel joint 19 and has the direction of the tangent to the guide rail 8.

Im Führungskörper 16 ist die Welle 6 drehbar und längsverschiebbar gelagert, was in Fig. 3b durch Pfeile angedeutet ist.In the guide body 16, the shaft 6 is rotatably and longitudinally displaceable, which is indicated in Fig. 3b by arrows.

In der Führungsschiene 8, deren Querschnitt in Fig. 3b dargestellt ist, läuft eine Rollenkette 53 um. Der Wagen 9 wird von dieser Rollenkette 53 angetrieben. Zu diesem Zwecke ist das Gestell 12 des Wagens 9 über einen Stift 54 mit der Achse einer Rolle 55 der genannten Rollenkette 53 verbunden.A roller chain 53 rotates in the guide rail 8, the cross section of which is shown in FIG. 3b. The carriage 9 is driven by this roller chain 53. For this purpose, the frame 12 of the carriage 9 is connected via a pin 54 to the axis of a roller 55 of the roller chain 53 mentioned.

Eine Variante zum in Fig. 3a, b dargestellten Wagen 9 zeigt Fig. 4. Hier ist der Wagen 9 ergänzt um ein drittes Führungsrad 18, welches von einem mit dem Gestell 12 durch ein Scharniergelenk 21 verbundenen Gestellteil 22 getragen ist. Durch eine Feder 17 wird der Gestellteil 22 vom Gestell 12 weggedrückt; damit bleibt das dritte Führungsrad 18 in Kraftschluss mit der Führungsschiene 8.A variant of the carriage 9 shown in FIGS. 3a, b is shown in FIG. 4. Here the carriage 9 is supplemented by a third guide wheel 18 which is carried by a frame part 22 connected to the frame 12 by a hinge joint 21. The frame part 22 is pressed away from the frame 12 by a spring 17; the third guide wheel 18 thus remains in frictional engagement with the guide rail 8.

In Fig. 5a, b ist die Rollenkette 53 und ihr Antrieb im Zusammenhang mit der Führungsschiene 8 dargestellt; in Fig. 5a teilweise im Schnitt, in Fig. 5b in teilweise aufgebrochener Draufsicht. In der Führungsschiene 8 ist an einer Stelle - in Fig. 2a beispielsweise rechts unten an der Führungsschiene 8 - ein Antriebszahnrad 56 eingelassen. Dieses wird über ein Getriebe 57 von einem Motor 58 angetrieben. Jede der beiden ovalförmigen Führungsschienen 8 trägt einen solchen aus den Elementen 56, 57, 58 bestehenden Antrieb. Gespeist werden die beiden Motoren 58 durch eine gesteuerte Stromversorgung, die in Fig. 2a schematisch dargestellt und mit der Nummer 59 bezeichnet ist.5a, b, the roller chain 53 and its drive in connection with the guide rail 8 are shown; in Fig. 5a partially in section, in Fig. 5b in a partially broken plan view. A drive gear 56 is let into the guide rail 8 at one point - for example, at the bottom right of the guide rail 8 in FIG. 2a. This is driven by a motor 58 via a gear 57. Each of the two oval-shaped guide rails 8 carries such a drive consisting of the elements 56, 57, 58. The two motors 58 are fed by a controlled power supply, which is shown schematically in FIG. 2a and is designated by the number 59.

Die gesteuerte Stromversorgung 59 kann beispielsweise nach der aus dem CH-Patentgesuch 849/92-6 bekannten Art gestaltet sein. Beispielsweise kann auch eine Programmsteuerung der als Inkrementalmotoren ausgeführten Motoren 58 vorgesehen werden, die der stark ungleichförmigen Bewegung der Wagen 9 Rechnung trägt.The controlled power supply 59 can be designed, for example, in the manner known from CH patent application 849 / 92-6. For example, program control of the motors 58 designed as incremental motors can also be provided, which takes into account the strongly non-uniform movement of the carriages 9.

In der numerisch gesteuerten Stromversorgung 59 kann daher das Orts-Geschwindkeitsprofil des Motors 58 fest gespeichert werden. Sollwert- Istwertvergleich der Position des Motors ist Stand der Technik und braucht hier nicht beschrieben zu werden.The location-speed profile of the motor 58 can therefore be permanently stored in the numerically controlled power supply 59. Setpoint / actual value comparison of the position of the motor is state of the art and need not be described here.

Im Ausführungsbeispiel gemäss Fig. 6 ist der durch die Führungsschiene 8 aus dem ersten Ausführungsbeispiel bewirkte geometrische Zwanglauf ersetzt durch eine Zweikoordinatensteuerung, bestehend aus einem vertikal beweglichen und angetriebenen Schlitten 60 und einem horizontal beweglichen und angetriebenen Schlitten 61. Der Schlitten 60 läuft im mit Schienen 64 versehenen Rahmen 11. Der Schlitten 60 bildet die Führung für den Schlitten 61. Im Schlitten 61 ist eine Kugel 62 gelagert, die die Lagerung für die Welle bildet. Gespeist werden die - nicht gezeichneten - Antriebe der Schlitten 60, 61 von einer Steuerung 63, in der das Ort-Geschwindigkeitsprofil gespeichert ist.In the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 6, the geometrical forced travel caused by the guide rail 8 from the first exemplary embodiment is replaced by a two-coordinate control consisting of a vertically movable and driven slide 60 and a horizontally movable and driven slide 61. The slide 60 runs in the manner of rails 64 provided frame 11. The slide 60 forms the guide for the slide 61. A ball 62 is mounted in the slide 61, which forms the bearing for the shaft. The drives (not shown) of the carriages 60, 61 are fed by a controller 63 in which the location-speed profile is stored.

Um Bau- und Formtoleranzen aufzunehmen, sind die Antriebe der Schlitten 60, 61 mit Sensoren ausgerüstet, die aus dem Vergleich von aufgewendeten und zulässigen Kräften das Sollwertprofil in der Steuerung 63 modifizieren, wie dies aus der Robotik bekannt ist.The drives are the slides to accommodate construction and shape tolerances 60, 61 equipped with sensors that modify the setpoint profile in the controller 63 from the comparison of applied and permissible forces, as is known from robotics.

Der Hohlkörper 4 läuft wie im ersten Ausführungsbeispiel auf dem Rollenteppich 51. Eine nicht gezeichnete Variante sowohl zum ersten als auch zum zweiten Ausführungsbeispiel ist ein freilaufendes endloses Band, das über zwei Walzen läuft, welches dann an die Stelle des Rollenteppichs 51 tritt.The hollow body 4 runs on the roller carpet 51 as in the first exemplary embodiment. A variant, not shown, for both the first and the second exemplary embodiment is a free-running endless belt that runs over two rollers, which then takes the place of the roller carpet 51.

Rahmen 11 mit Schienen 64, Schlitten 60 und 61 mit Kugel 62 sind selbstverständlich analog zum ersten Ausführungsbeispiel gemäss Fig. 2a, b, doppelt vorhanden, da auf jeder Seite des Rollenteppichs 51 ein Rahmen 11 befestigt ist.Frames 11 with rails 64, slides 60 and 61 with ball 62 are, of course, duplicated, analogous to the first exemplary embodiment according to FIGS. 2a, b, since a frame 11 is fastened on each side of the roller carpet 51.

Im Betrieb bewegen sich sowohl die beiden Schlitten 60, als auch die Schlitten 61 im wesentlichen gegenläufig, um der Welle 6 jene Bewegung zu erteilen, die ein Taumeln des Hohlkörpers 4 bewirkt.In operation, both the carriages 60 and the carriages 61 move essentially in opposite directions in order to give the shaft 6 that movement which causes the hollow body 4 to wobble.

Die gleiche Bewegung, wie der beschriebene Hohlkörper 4 führt ein aus teilweise gebogenen Stangen 65 gebildeter Skelettkörper 66 aus, wie in Fig. 7a, b in Grund- und Aufriss dargestellt. Daher kann im Inneren des Skelettkörpers 66 ein einfach gestaltetes Gefäss 67, beispielsweise eine handelsübliche Chemikalien-Trommel, mit Stangen 68 und Bändern 69 befestigt werden.The same movement as the hollow body 4 described is carried out by a skeleton body 66 formed from partially bent rods 65, as shown in plan and elevation in FIGS. 7a, b. Therefore, a simply designed vessel 67, for example a commercially available chemical drum, can be fastened in the interior of the skeleton body 66 with rods 68 and bands 69.

Wie bereits beschrieben, kann die Welle 6 auch hohl ausgeführt sein. Dann ist die erfindungsgemässe Vorrichtung auch geeignet, im Durchflussverfahren flüssige oder feste Materialien zu mischen. Zu diesem Zwecke ist die Welle 6 an jedem Ende mit einer an sich bekannten Drehdurchführung versehen. Mit solchen Drehdurchführungen lassen sich mehrere Komponenten zudosieren; ferner ist auch die Einführung von Mess-Sonden für Druck, Temperatur, pH und weitere Parameter problemlos möglich.As already described, the shaft 6 can also be hollow. Then the device according to the invention is also suitable for mixing liquid or solid materials in the flow-through method. For this purpose, the shaft 6 is provided at each end with a rotary feedthrough known per se. With such rotary unions, several components can be added; Furthermore, the introduction of measuring probes for pressure, temperature, pH and other parameters is possible without any problems.

Claims (13)

  1. A device for driving a tumbling body in the form of an oloid, characterised in that
    - a shaft (6) is secured on both sides of the tumbling body coaxially to the longitudinal axis of the tumbling body,
    - means are provided to guide and drive this shaft (6) and the tumbling body along oval paths in two parallel planes (E₁, E₂) which extend vertically and perpendicularly to the plane of the belt (2) and define the direction of movement of the tumbling body,
    - the tumbling body lies on a supporting surface (2, 51) moved passively with it.
  2. A device according to patent claim 1, characterised in that
    - the said means to guide the shaft (6) in the two parallel planes (E₁, E₂) along oval paths comprise an oval guide rail (8) that is provided which is secured through at least four spring joints (10) permitting vertical movement, in a frame (11),
    - a carriage (9) is provided on each guide rail (8) and can rotate about this guide rail,
    - each of the carriages (9) comprises a frame (12) which bears at least two guide wheels (13, 18) which transfer the mechanical and form fit with the guide rail (8), a rotating joint (19) is available at the frame (12) with an axis of rotation which in each case is vertical on the tangent at the guide rail (8) and lies in its plane, wherein the part which can be turned through this rotating joint (19) is a plate (20) which bears a transverse axis (15) which is parallel to the direction of tangents at the guide rail (8),
    - a guide body (16) is provided in which the shaft (6) can execute both longitudinal and rotational movements and which can be swivelled about the aforementioned transverse axis (15) at the plate (20),
    - the dimensions of guide rail (8), carriage (9) with rotating joint (19), plate (20) and the guide body (16) are chosen so that the shaft (6) describes the envisaged oval curve in the planes (E₁, E₂) when the tumbling body is moved on its supporting surface (2, 51),
    - each carriage (9) is connected via a pin (54) with a roller (55) of a roller chain (53) which con move in the guide rails (8),
    - the roller chains (53) can be driven via a drive gear wheel (56) incorporated in the guide rails (8) which derives its driving torque via a gear unit (57) from a motor (58),
    - each motor (58) is fed through a controlled power supply (59).
  3. A device according to patent claim 2, characterised in that the controlled power supply (59) maintains the sum of driving torques constant.
  4. A device according to patent claim 2, characterised in that the local speed profile of the drive gear wheels (56) is stored in the controlled power supply.
  5. A device according to patent claim 1, characterised in that
    - in each of the frames (11) a vertically-movable and driven cradle (60) is provided which bears a horizontally-movable and driven cradle (61) in which a sphere (62), rotatable about its centre, is mounted and contains the pivot bearing and sleeve bearing for the shaft (60),
    - the drives of the cradles (60, 61) are fed by a controller (63) in which the local speed profile of the movement of the shaft (6) in the parallel planes (E₁, E₂) is stored.
  6. A device according to patent claim 1, characterised in that the supporting surface moved at the same time comprises a roller carpet (51) of short free-running rollers (52) with axes extending parallel to each other, with the direction of these axes horizontal and perpendicular to the direction of movement of the tumbling body.
  7. A device according to patent claim 1, characterised in that the supporting surface moved at the same time is an endless, horizontal, free-running belt.
  8. A device according to any one of patent claims 1, 2 or 5, characterised in that the tumbling body is a sealed hollow body (4).
  9. A device according to patent claim 8, characterised in that the hollow body (4) has the shape of an oloid.
  10. A device according to patent claim 8, characterised in that the hollow body (4) has the shape of an oloid, which has a segment cut off at both ends of its longitudinal axis, resulting in two surfaces (7) extending perpendicularly to the longitudinal axis and through which the shaft (6) passes.
  11. A device according to any one of patent claims 1, 2 or 5, characterised in that the tumbling body is a skeletal body (66), manufactured from partially bent rods (65), which exhibits the same rolling behaviour as an oloid.
  12. A device according to patent claim 11, characterised in that means are provided to secure a vessel (67) in the interior of the skeletal body (66).
  13. A device according to any one of patent claims 1 to 12, characterised in that the shaft (6) is in the form of a hollow shaft and is provided with a rotating through-hole at each end which allows material to be admixed to be fed into, and withdrawn from, the tumbling body during operation and allows the introduction of measurement probes for physical and chemical parameters.
EP93909745A 1992-07-20 1993-05-27 Apparatus for driving a wobbling body Expired - Lifetime EP0604600B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH2261/92 1992-07-20
CH226192 1992-07-20
PCT/CH1993/000136 WO1994002236A1 (en) 1992-07-20 1993-05-27 Apparatus for driving a wobbling body

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0604600A1 EP0604600A1 (en) 1994-07-06
EP0604600B1 true EP0604600B1 (en) 1995-10-04

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EP93909745A Expired - Lifetime EP0604600B1 (en) 1992-07-20 1993-05-27 Apparatus for driving a wobbling body

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US (1) US5492405A (en)
EP (1) EP0604600B1 (en)
JP (1) JPH06511428A (en)
AT (1) ATE128638T1 (en)
CA (1) CA2119470A1 (en)
DE (1) DE59300716D1 (en)
WO (1) WO1994002236A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ATE208014T1 (en) * 1998-12-24 2001-11-15 Oloid Ag DRIVE FOR INVERSION KINEMATIC DEVICE
WO2004090383A1 (en) * 2003-04-10 2004-10-21 Oloid Ag Device for generating pulsating movements
CN101462029B (en) * 2007-12-20 2014-09-03 戴长虹 Machine for mixing and stirring material
US20090212052A1 (en) * 2008-02-25 2009-08-27 Patti Taboada Recreational ice cream maker
US8361588B2 (en) 2010-12-17 2013-01-29 D Amario Nina Rotating device
CN104525028A (en) * 2014-12-19 2015-04-22 郑州金泰金属材料有限公司 Equipment and process of carrying out overlay mixing on materials by two movement mechanisms
CN110743438A (en) * 2019-10-29 2020-02-04 黄继寨 Uniform stirring device for refined molten steel outside steelmaking furnace

Family Cites Families (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2302804A (en) * 1939-02-05 1942-11-24 Schatz Paul Mechanism producing wavering and rotating movements of receptacles
CH242218A (en) * 1942-06-04 1946-04-30 Schatz Paul Mechanism for producing a tumbling and pivoting movement.
CH361701A (en) * 1958-02-06 1962-04-30 Schatz Paul Device based on the principle of the invertible chain for generating a tumbling and rotating body movement
CH399110A (en) * 1962-07-13 1966-03-31 Bachofen Willy A Fa Device based on the principle of the invertible chain for generating a tumbling and rotating body movement
CH500000A (en) * 1968-08-03 1970-12-15 Schatz Paul Aid for creating a tumbling motion
CH555490A (en) * 1972-04-19 1974-10-31 Schatz Paul DEVICE FOR GENERATING A TUMBING MOTION.
CH645550A5 (en) * 1979-03-01 1984-10-15 Buergel Ag METHOD AND DEVICE FOR DRIVING A RIGID BODY FOR THE PURPOSE OF GENERATING A WATCHING MOTION IN THE CIRCULATION OF THE BODY.
SU1197713A1 (en) * 1984-02-20 1985-12-15 Институт Горного Дела Со Ан Ссср Method of mixing loose materials
DE3434064A1 (en) * 1984-09-17 1986-03-27 Oloid Ag, Basel DEVICE FOR DRIVING A BODY WHICH DOES A STILLING AND ROTATING MOTION
SU1607922A1 (en) * 1989-01-02 1990-11-23 Предприятие П/Я А-1297 Mixer
US5360265A (en) * 1992-12-15 1994-11-01 Cruse Donald I Apparatus with inversion linkage mechanism

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Publication number Publication date
EP0604600A1 (en) 1994-07-06
US5492405A (en) 1996-02-20
ATE128638T1 (en) 1995-10-15
WO1994002236A1 (en) 1994-02-03
CA2119470A1 (en) 1994-02-03
DE59300716D1 (en) 1995-11-09
JPH06511428A (en) 1994-12-22

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