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EP0584207A1 - Injecteurs automatiques - Google Patents

Injecteurs automatiques

Info

Publication number
EP0584207A1
EP0584207A1 EP19920911568 EP92911568A EP0584207A1 EP 0584207 A1 EP0584207 A1 EP 0584207A1 EP 19920911568 EP19920911568 EP 19920911568 EP 92911568 A EP92911568 A EP 92911568A EP 0584207 A1 EP0584207 A1 EP 0584207A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
needle
seal
expulsion
injector according
injector
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP19920911568
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
John Glyndwr Wilmot
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
STI International Ltd
Original Assignee
STI International Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from GB919110340A external-priority patent/GB9110340D0/en
Application filed by STI International Ltd filed Critical STI International Ltd
Publication of EP0584207A1 publication Critical patent/EP0584207A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M5/00—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
    • A61M5/178—Syringes
    • A61M5/20—Automatic syringes, e.g. with automatically actuated piston rod, with automatic needle injection, filling automatically
    • A61M5/2033—Spring-loaded one-shot injectors with or without automatic needle insertion
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M5/00—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
    • A61M5/178—Syringes
    • A61M5/20—Automatic syringes, e.g. with automatically actuated piston rod, with automatic needle injection, filling automatically
    • A61M2005/206—With automatic needle insertion
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M5/00—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
    • A61M5/178—Syringes
    • A61M5/20—Automatic syringes, e.g. with automatically actuated piston rod, with automatic needle injection, filling automatically
    • A61M2005/2073—Automatic syringes, e.g. with automatically actuated piston rod, with automatic needle injection, filling automatically preventing premature release, e.g. by making use of a safety lock

Definitions

  • This invention relates to automatic injectors of the kind having a body, a medicament chamber defined in the body, a needle held in a sheathed position within the body, releasable drive means which when released drives the needle from its sheathed position to an unsheathed position, and expulsion means for discharging the medicament through the needle.
  • Such injectors will hereinafter be referred to as being 'of the kind set forth' .
  • the seal of US 2 832 339 is relatively thick. .
  • the drawings of US 2 832 339 show the medicament chamber full of liquid medicament, but this is not in fact true.
  • a volume of air introduced into the medicament chamber during manufacture in order for the air to be compressed by the expulsion means initially so as to allow the needle to move forward and break the seal. This avoids the hydraulic lock which would otherwise occur if the injector was really made in accordance with the drawings of US 2 832 339.
  • Injecting air into the human body can be very dangerous. Injecting an air bubble into muscle tissue is not usually too catastrophic since the air is usually simply absorbed by the tissue. However, if an air bubble is injected into an artery the resulting embolism can cause death. In battlefield conditions where automatic injectors such as that of US 2 832 339 find their main use the risk of injecting air is accepted in order to obtain a fast response to an immediate emergency, such as nerve gas attack cr the user bleeding from a bullet wound. In less extreme emergencies the risk of injecting air would counsel against using automatic injectors.
  • an automatic injector of the kind set forth having seal means at the forward end of the medicament chamber, and in which the expulsion means has an expulsion element and the needle is movable forwards in a seal-breaking phase of movement relative to the expulsion element upon activation of the injector so as to pierce the seal means.
  • the expulsion element has a relatively large cross-sectional area in comparison with that of the needle.
  • the seal-breaking phase is an initial phase of operation of the injector and during a subsequent expulsion phase the expulsion element and needle move forwards together as the medicament is forced out of the medicament chamber.
  • a component of the expulsion means may move rearwardly so as to tend to increase the volume of the medicament chamber.
  • the movement of the needle relative to the expulsion element in the seal-breaking phase causes little or substantially no decrease in volume of the medicament chamber.
  • the expulsion component may have an expulsion member movable relative to the expulsion element and engagable with the needle.
  • the expulsion component may have second seal means which, when the needle is in its sheathed position, contacts a portion of the expulsion member, or of the needle, or a needle-carrying member, which is outside of the medicament chamber, said portion being moved forwards relative to the seal means during said seal-breaking phase of movement so as to be introduced into the medicament chamber.
  • Said portion preferably has a cross-section which is not substantially greater than that of the more forward portions of the needle.
  • the expulsion member may be spaced from the rear end of the needle when the needle is in its sheathed position.
  • the expulsion member preferably has a projecting portion which projects rearwardly beyond the seal means when the needle is in its sheathed position.
  • the projection portion is preferably driven forwards relative to the expulsion element during the seal-breaking phase.
  • the drive means may urge the needle, or the needle-carrying member, forwards automatically upon its release, preferably before also contacting and moving the expulsion element.
  • an inertial acceleration space between the drive means and the expulsion member, needle, or needle-carrying member (most preferably the projecting portion if it is provided) such that the drive means acquires momentum before striking the expulsion member, needle, or needle-carrying member, so that the movement of the needle during the seal-breaking phase is faster than in the expulsion phase.
  • the injector comprises a body 1 of injection-moulded polystyrene containing a barrel liner 2 of F.E.P. 160 and a spring casing 3 of polystyrene.
  • a stainless steel coil compression spring 4 is in the initial condition of the injector held in the compressed position, as shown in the drawing, by a collet 5 ' made in two halves having at their tail ends detent teeth 6 engaging a latch ring 7 seated in the end of the spring casing 3.
  • a safety pin 8 of moulded nylon normally keeps the teeth 6 apart but when it is withdrawn they can be urged together to release the collet 5 by a short movement of an end cap 9.
  • This spring-restraining and release mechanism is known and is substantially the same as that disclosed in our European Patent Specification No. 0 361 668.
  • a rubber piston 10 is slidably and sealing received in the liner 2 at a position about two-thirds of the way along the liner.
  • An injection needle 11 having a needle disc 11' is slidably housed in the forward end of the liner 2.
  • a drive pin 30' is slidably and sealing mounted in a central bore 13 of the piston 10.
  • the rear end of the needle 11 abuts against the drive pin 30 (which is a separate component) .
  • the drive pin 30 has a front face 31 which is provided with a slot 32.
  • the needle 11 may have a degree of axial 'play' and may move away from the pin 30 slightly.
  • the tip of the needle 11 stops just short of a diaphragm seal 12 formed in a bush 12' which is held in the end of the barrel liner 2 by an end cap 14.
  • the end cap 14 also has a thin membrane or skin 15 covering the end of a hole 16 for the needle.
  • the tip of the needle 11 is received in a guide 17 of HD polyethylene shaped as shown, with its outside fitting into the bush 12' and its inside a good sliding fit on the needle.
  • the guide At its inner end the guide has a convergent conical portion 18 which helps to lead the needle into the bore of the guide during assembly of the injector.
  • the guide 17 may also have a thin membrane across its front.
  • the space between the piston 10 and the seal 12 contains the liquid medicament and forms a medicament chamber 19 which is in communication with an open hole in the needle provided at the rear end of the needle.
  • the slot 32 ensures that the liquid medicament can still enter the rear end of the needle even when the needle is in engagement with the pin 30.
  • the side wall of the needle II may have a liquid entry hole.
  • the forward ends 20 of the fingers of the collet 5 are in the position shown disposed at the entry to the liner 2 and have a flat transverse piston-engaging face 21, an outer chamfer 22, and an inner chamfer 23.
  • An air space 24 is provided between the ends 20 of the collet and the piston 10. The air space extends for about a third of the length of the liner 2.
  • the drive pin 30 extends rearwardly beyond the piston 10 and has a projection portion 25 which projects into the air space 24.
  • the medicament chamber 19 is full, or substantially full, of liquid. There is no relatively large air space in the chamber 19: it really is full of liquid.
  • a further safety pull-ring 26 (shown in dotted outline) may be provided between the end cap 9 and a shoulder on the body 1 if desired.
  • the user places the front end of the injector against his body and presses on the end cap 9.
  • the teeth 6 are urged towards each other and clear the ring 7 which releases the spring 4.
  • the collet 5 is driven forwards by the spring, is guided by its chamfers 22 to enter the liner 2, accelerates in the space 24 and acquires significant momentum before it hits the rear end of the pin 30.
  • the liner 2 prevents the fingers of the collet from spreading out too much, and the chamfers 23 on the front ends 20 co-operate with a complementary chamfer 27 on the rear end of the projecting portion 25 as the collet hits the pin.
  • the pin 30 is jolted forwards relative to the piston 10, with the projecting portion 25 sliding forwards into sealing engagement with the bore 13. As it does this a portion of the pin 30' previously outside of the medicament chamber 19 is introduced into the chamber, and the front face 31 of the pin 30 urges the needle 11 forwards.
  • the forward end of the needle 11 is driven through any seal that the guide 17 may have, through the seal 12, and through the skin 15 of the cap 14.
  • the faces 21 of the collet engage the rear of the piston 10 and drive the piston 10 and pin 30, forwards together, reducing the volume of the medicament chamber 19, expelling the medicament through the needle, and driving the needle into the user.
  • the part of the pin 30' which is introduced into the medicament chamber is that part which is originally within the plunger 10.
  • no part of the pin 30' which is originally in the space 24 comes into contact with medicament. This can be advantageous in keeping the medicament sterile.
  • the injector is safer for use by inexperienced users since injecting into an artery no longer carries a high risk of creating an embolism. This enables our injector to be used in less immediately life threatening circumstances, for example diabetics may use the injector more safety.
  • the pin may have the same cross-section as the needle 11 so that there is a minimum, or even substantially no, decrease in the volume of the medicament chamber before the end seal is broken.
  • the embodiment described has pin 30 of slightly larger cross-section than the needle 11, and there will tend to be a very slight decrease in the volume of the medicament chamber before its seal is broken due to more of the wider pin 30 entering the medicament chamber. However, this can be accommodated by the piston 10 sliding rearwardly slightly before the seal is broken (whilst at the same time the pin moves forwards) .
  • This feature can even enable the pin to have a relatively large cross section since hydraulic lock can be avoided by the piston sliding rearwardly slightly into the air space 24.
  • the automatic injector described with reference to the drawing is especially compact axially since it has its needle in the medicament chamber, instead of being externally attached to the medicament chamber.
  • the collet contacts the drive pin, or is closely spaced from it, when the injector is in its storage condition. It is not necessary for the collet to build up momentum before engaging the pin for the device to operate.
  • a further modification has the needle 11 and pin 30 joined together as a single component. Whilst this is theoretically possible it is not our preferred arrangement.

Landscapes

  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Hematology (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Anesthesiology (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Vascular Medicine (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Infusion, Injection, And Reservoir Apparatuses (AREA)
  • Crystals, And After-Treatments Of Crystals (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention se rapporte à un injecteur automatique comprenant un canon (1), une chambre (19) pour le médicament définie dans le canon, une aiguille (11) maintenue protégée à l'intérieur du canon, un organe d'entraînement déclenchable (4) qui, une fois déclenché, fait passer l'aiguille de sa position protégée à une position découverte, et un organe d'expulsion (5, 10) permettant de décharger le médicament à travers l'aiguille (11). Cet injecteur se caractérise en ce qu'un obturateur étanche (12) est prévu à l'extrémité avant de la chambre pour médicament (19), en ce que l'organe d'expulsion (5, 10) comporte un élément d'expulsion (10) et en ce que l'aiguille (11) est mobile vers l'avant dans un mouvement de rupture de l'obturateur étanche par rapport à l'élément d'expulsion (10) lors de l'actionnement de l'injecteur, de façon à percer l'obturateur étanche (12). Ainsi, ce n'est pas tout l'organe d'expulsion (5, 10) avec l'aiguille (11) qui avance pour rompre l'obturateur étanche (12) et évacuer la chambre (19) de son médicament, mais uniquement l'aiguille (11).
EP19920911568 1991-05-13 1992-05-11 Injecteurs automatiques Withdrawn EP0584207A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB91103408 1991-05-13
GB919110340A GB9110340D0 (en) 1991-05-13 1991-05-13 Automatic injectors
GB919117561A GB9117561D0 (en) 1991-05-13 1991-08-14 Automatic injectors
GB91175612 1991-08-14

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0584207A1 true EP0584207A1 (fr) 1994-03-02

Family

ID=26298898

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19920911568 Withdrawn EP0584207A1 (fr) 1991-05-13 1992-05-11 Injecteurs automatiques

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0584207A1 (fr)
AU (1) AU1926792A (fr)
CA (1) CA2102920A1 (fr)
IE (1) IE921509A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO1992020388A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB9118204D0 (en) * 1991-08-23 1991-10-09 Weston Terence E Needle-less injector
FR2715071B1 (fr) * 1994-01-17 1996-03-01 Aguettant Lab Injecteur automatique de médicament.
GB9817662D0 (en) * 1998-08-13 1998-10-07 Crocker Peter J Substance delivery
GB9919218D0 (en) * 1999-08-13 1999-10-20 Imprint Pharm Ltd Injection means
US7569035B1 (en) * 2001-11-02 2009-08-04 Meridian Medical Technologies, Inc. Automatic injector with anti-coring needle
TR200400990A1 (tr) * 2004-05-04 2006-01-23 Meci̇t Eki̇nci̇ler Mehmet Plastik iki bölmeli otomatik enjektör.
WO2013053949A1 (fr) 2011-10-14 2013-04-18 Novo Nordisk Health Care Ag Agencement de transfert de fluide préassemblé
US10874184B2 (en) 2017-10-23 2020-12-29 David Mulford Umbrella frame stabilizer system

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4194505A (en) * 1978-09-15 1980-03-25 Vac-O-Cast, Inc. Containerized hypodermic module
GB8819977D0 (en) * 1988-08-23 1988-09-21 Medimech Ltd Automatic injectors

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO9220388A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU1926792A (en) 1992-12-30
WO1992020388A1 (fr) 1992-11-26
IE921509A1 (en) 1992-11-18
CA2102920A1 (fr) 1992-11-14

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Legal Events

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PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

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Effective date: 19950601