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EP0573971B1 - Antenne - Google Patents

Antenne Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0573971B1
EP0573971B1 EP93109228A EP93109228A EP0573971B1 EP 0573971 B1 EP0573971 B1 EP 0573971B1 EP 93109228 A EP93109228 A EP 93109228A EP 93109228 A EP93109228 A EP 93109228A EP 0573971 B1 EP0573971 B1 EP 0573971B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
dipole
units
tube
conductive
antennas
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP93109228A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0573971A1 (fr
Inventor
Axel Stark
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Rohde and Schwarz GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Rohde and Schwarz GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Rohde and Schwarz GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Rohde and Schwarz GmbH and Co KG
Publication of EP0573971A1 publication Critical patent/EP0573971A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0573971B1 publication Critical patent/EP0573971B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q11/00—Electrically-long antennas having dimensions more than twice the shortest operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q11/12—Resonant antennas
    • H01Q11/14—Resonant antennas with parts bent, folded, shaped or screened or with phasing impedances, to obtain desired phase relation of radiation from selected sections of the antenna or to obtain desired polarisation effect
    • H01Q11/16—Resonant antennas with parts bent, folded, shaped or screened or with phasing impedances, to obtain desired phase relation of radiation from selected sections of the antenna or to obtain desired polarisation effect in which the selected sections are collinear
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/52—Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure
    • H01Q1/521—Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure reducing the coupling between adjacent antennas
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/06—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
    • H01Q21/08—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart the units being spaced along or adjacent to a rectilinear path
    • H01Q21/10—Collinear arrangements of substantially straight elongated conductive units

Definitions

  • the invention is based on an antenna according to the preamble of the main claim.
  • Antennas of this type are known (e.g. news from Rohde & Schwarz, No. 111, autumn 1985, pp. 26 to 28).
  • a high mutual decoupling of the individual dipole units arranged one above the other is necessary. Since this can usually not be achieved by increasing the mutual distance between the dipole units, it is known to arrange a radiation-absorbing material between the adjacent dipole units to be decoupled (see figure 3 above).
  • the disadvantage of this known solution is the associated decrease in antenna gain, and heating problems can also occur with transmitter antennas for higher performance. This known solution is also relatively expensive.
  • Antennas are also known in which the dipole units do not overlap one another collinearly, but rather are arranged with their axes perpendicular, that is to say transversely to the supporting mast (US Pat. No. 3,681,770).
  • conductive decoupling surfaces are provided, the outer edge of which extends only approximately to half the distance with which the dipole elements are arranged at a distance from the mast surface.
  • the inventive use of simple conductive separating surfaces between the dipole units to be decoupled results in a very simple and inexpensive overall structure without the dimensions of the antenna having to be increased.
  • the invention is based on the knowledge that in antennas of the type mentioned at the beginning, in which the protective tube made of insulating material is arranged relatively close above the dipole units to be protected, and where there is only a small distance of only a few millimeters, determined by the manufacturing and assembly tolerances, between the mostly flat dipole halves and the inner wall of the protective tube, the disruptive coupling between the dipole units arranged one above the other mainly within the protective tube and comparatively less due to the field components occurring outside the protective tube, so that it is sufficient for such dipole units arranged within a protective tube of relatively small diameter for good decoupling to provide only simple conductive decoupling surfaces between the dipole units, which radially only extend to the flat dipole halves of the dipole units or protrude only insignificantly up to the inner wall of the protective tube.
  • the measure according to the invention can be successfully applied to antennas in both the VHF and UHF ranges, for example also to air traffic control antennas, and is also particularly suitable for setting up antennas for the PCN E1 mobile radio network range (1710 to 1880 MHz), since this enables very slim antennas with a diameter of, for example, only 95 mm to be produced, which, in addition to narrowly tolerated azimuth diagrams for omnidirectional radiation or sector coverage with directional antennas, also in the vertical diagram have a defined maximum reduction, strong side lobe suppression and considerable zero padding.
  • the invention is suitable for all antennas with collinearly arranged dipole units, in which these dipole units consist, for example, of two dipole elements arranged opposite to the tube axis, which have flat dipole halves which are adapted to the inner wall of the tube, as described, for example, in the new by Rohde & Schwarz, issue 11, page 28.
  • the measure according to the invention can also be used in the same way in the case of collinear dipole units which consist of a single dipole element with a reflector, as is necessary for the generation of directional diagrams.
  • a conductive decoupling surface according to the invention which in this case is conductively connected to the reflector surface, can again be arranged between the stacked dipole reflector units within the protective tube or the protective trough made of insulating material.
  • the invention is also suitable for antennas in which dipole elements of adjacent dipole units arranged one above the other are rotated relative to one another.
  • Fig. 1 shows the longitudinal section through an antenna according to the invention
  • Fig. 2 shows the associated cross section.
  • the figures show a transmission antenna for the PCN E1 mobile radio consisting of a self-supporting protective tube 1 made of, for example, glass fiber-reinforced insulating material with an inner diameter of, for example, 95 mm, that is to say an inner diameter that is small compared to the operating wavelength ⁇ of this PCN mobile radio antenna and a total length of approximately 2 m.
  • a support tube 3 made of metal is arranged along the axis 2 of this tube 1, on which a plurality of dipole units 4 are collinearly attached one above the other within the protective tube 1.
  • the support tube 3, like the protective tube 1, is attached to a mounting flange 11 made of metal, with which the antenna can be attached, for example, to a mast.
  • each dipole unit consists of two dipole elements arranged symmetrically opposite to the tube axis 2, each consisting of two superposed dipole halves 5, the width of which depends on the desired bandwidth of the antenna.
  • the dipole halves 5 are curved according to FIG. 2 according to the radius of the inner wall 6 of the tube 1 or angled accordingly, so that there is only a production-related distance of a few millimeters between the outer surface of the dipole halves 5 and the inner wall 6 of the tube 1 opposite them.
  • the axes of the dipole units 4 are collinear, that is to say they are aligned with the tube axis 2, but the dipole elements each formed by two dipole halves 5 can be slightly rotated relative to one another in adjacent dipole units 4, as may be desirable for some diagram forms .
  • the dipole halves 5 are fastened to the mast 3 via supports 7.
  • a conductive decoupling surface 8 is arranged between them, which is conductively fastened to the support tube 3 and with its edge 10 at least up to the radially delimiting outer surface 9 of the curved dipole halves 5 and extends at most to the inner wall 6 of the protective tube 1, that is to say has a maximum diameter of 95 mm, that is to say a fraction of the operating wavelength ⁇ .
  • this conductive decoupling surface 8 is a sheet metal plate or a plate made of conductive or metallized plastic, and a close-meshed grid made of conductive material is also suitable for this.

Landscapes

  • Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
  • Details Of Aerials (AREA)

Claims (3)

  1. Antenne avec plusieurs unités dipolaires (4) disposées en alignement les unes au-dessus des autres, sur un tube porteur (3), qui sont placées à l'intérieur d'un tube de protection (1) en matériau isolant présentant un diamètre interne petit par rapport à une longueur d'onde d'exploitation (λ), et qui comportent respectivement au moins un élément dipolaire constitué de deux moitiés dipolaires de forme plane (5), disposées l'une sur l'autre parallèlement au tube porteur (3), et dont la section transversale est adaptée à la paroi interne (6) du tube de protection, tandis que leur surface externe (9) est disposée à une faible distance de la paroi interne (6) du tube de protection (1),
    antenne caractérisée en ce qu'entre au moins deux unités dipolaires (4) disposées l'une sur l'autre, est placée perpendiculairement à l'axe (2) du tube de protection, une surface de découplage conductrice (8) dont le bord externe (10) s'étend radialement au moins jusqu'à la surface externe (9) des moitiés dipolaires (5) et au maximum jusqu'à la paroi interne (6) du tube de protection (1), et qui est reliée conductivement au tube porteur (3) ou à un réflecteur associé à une unité dipolaire (4).
  2. Antenne selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que la surface de découplage (8) est un disque en tôle métallique, un disque en matière synthétique conductrice ou métallisée, ou bien une grille à mailles serrées d'un matériau conducteur.
  3. Antenne selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que, pour obtenir des propriétés électriques identiques de toutes les unités dipolaires (4), une surface de découplage (8) est également rapportée à l'extrémité libre de l'unité dipolaire (4) la plus élevée et/ou la plus basse.
EP93109228A 1992-06-11 1993-06-08 Antenne Expired - Lifetime EP0573971B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4219165 1992-06-11
DE4219165A DE4219165A1 (de) 1992-06-11 1992-06-11 Antenne

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0573971A1 EP0573971A1 (fr) 1993-12-15
EP0573971B1 true EP0573971B1 (fr) 1996-08-21

Family

ID=6460814

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP93109228A Expired - Lifetime EP0573971B1 (fr) 1992-06-11 1993-06-08 Antenne

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0573971B1 (fr)
DE (2) DE4219165A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5932500A (en) * 1994-11-08 1999-08-03 Rockwool International A/S Man-made vitreous fibres
DE20111727U1 (de) 2001-07-11 2001-10-18 FIBER-TECH Products GmbH, 09116 Chemnitz Integrierte Hohlkörper-Antennen-Anordnung
US20070021095A1 (en) * 2005-07-22 2007-01-25 Tci International, Inc. Apparatus and method for local broadcasting in the twenty-six megahertz short wave band

Family Cites Families (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DD91684A (fr) *
US2285395A (en) * 1938-12-19 1942-06-09 Emi Ltd Aerial or aerial system
DE1125014B (de) * 1960-08-16 1962-03-08 Telefunken Patent Antennenanordnung fuer horizontale Rundstrahlung
NL296766A (fr) * 1962-08-17
DE1302927B (fr) * 1964-08-29
US3681770A (en) * 1970-01-14 1972-08-01 Andrew Alford Isolating antenna elements
GB2171257A (en) * 1984-12-20 1986-08-20 Marconi Co Ltd A dipole array
ES8801066A1 (es) * 1984-12-20 1987-12-01 Marconi Co Ltd Una antena de dipolos dispuestos en filas y columnas para ondas electromagneticas.
GB2193379B (en) * 1986-07-24 1990-04-18 Gen Electric Plc An antenna

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE59303476D1 (de) 1996-09-26
EP0573971A1 (fr) 1993-12-15
DE4219165A1 (de) 1993-12-16

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