EP0535442B1 - Device for the production of drawings on paper sheet, for example transparent paper sheet, by using tools generating points, lines, such as pen or compass - Google Patents

Abstract

A description is given of a device (10) for producing drawings on a sheet-like drawing carrier, for example a sheet of transparent paper, by means of an instrument, such as a pen (45) or pair of compasses, which generates points, lines or the like. The device has a drawing surface (13), temporarily receiving said pen or pair of compasses, of a board (14) or the like which can be changed in particular in its inclination with respect to a base, and has a drawing aid, which can be displaced over its drawing surface, in the form of a ruler, or has a ruler (29) or the like. In the case of said device, the drawing aid (28) or the pen (45), or the pair of compasses, is connected to a data-receiving machine (40/41) and, for data output, the drawing aid (28) is activated by the pen (45), or the pair of compasses, and vice versa, or at least one digitising plane (50) is assigned to said drawing aid (28), with the interposition of the drawing surface (13), and data transfer can be activated at the point where the drawing aid and the pen (45), or pair of compasses or the like, meet. <IMAGE>

Description

The invention relates to a device for producing drawings - for example drawings - on a sheet-like drawing medium, such as a sheet of transparent paper, by means of dots, lines or the like. generating device such as a pen according to the preamble of claim 1.

Drawing machines with a tilting drawing board and rulers held on this movable have been known for a long time. The latter are attached, for example, to sledges that are able to slide along a board edge and, if necessary, templates themselves or the like. to lead. Accessories for such drawing machines are also quick drawing heads which can be rotated about an axis and consist of two ruler sections which are at right angles to one another.

The "VDI-Nachrichten" from April 13th, 1990 mean "computers do not replace the drawing board"; During investigations, there were considerable shortcomings in current CAD systems, especially weaknesses when designing and designing Design and information gathering. In the case of completely new designs, a significant additional effort compared to manual creation of around 110% to 150% must be expected.

Digitization systems with target devices such as magnifying glasses with crosshairs or the like, which can be moved on a bridge over the surface of the drawing board, are already part of the prior art, thanks to which points on a drawing are approached and fed to a computer for data acquisition by means of a digital transmission device.

However, it has been shown in so-called digitizers on the market that precise drawing by hand (using a pencil or magnifying glass) is not possible even with a ruler / stencil, around the fictitious halftone dots with their tolerance zone (e.g. +/- 0.5 mm ) to meet safely; because starting at the tolerance zone periphery leads to small overshoots or undershoots of, for example, 0.1 mm for a route to be produced, so that the targeted grid point cannot be addressed, but rather the tolerance zone of the neighboring grid point is touched. This then results in incorrect computer program input, which makes the use of the described system unusable for dimensionally accurate technical drawings. As a result, precise inputs have so far only been achieved by specifying coordinate points and / or distances on a keyboard or a menu area on a panel.

A generic device is described in US-A-4 184 261.

Knowing this state of the art, the inventor has set himself the goal of improving the production of technical drawings and of supporting and preserving them by means of data processing equipment provisions. In addition, the work on intermediate plots, the labeling and the storage of data should be simplified.

The teaching of the independent claim leads to solving this problem; the dependent claims highlight particularly favorable additional refinements.

According to the invention, the drawing aid has a guide edge and / or a guide gap on which contact elements are provided.

The drawing aid should also be assigned at least one digitization level with the interposition of the drawing surface and the like at the meeting point of the drawing aid with the pen (45) or a circle. Device data transmission can be activated. The device can be used to paint directly on the drawing surface.

According to a further feature of the invention, the digitization level is subdivided into several fields, which can also be simulated switches or computer-interpretable signals. In addition, it has proven to be beneficial to provide the drawing surface with light corners and connecting network lines.

It has also proven to be advantageous to provide the activatable element with at least one switching element for activation limitation, that is, to control the sensitivity of the data-transmitting part in such a way that it only responds in the desired time limits.

Advantageously, the drawing aid - that is, the ruler or the template - should be assigned at least one screen or at least one screen should be integrated in the drawing aid.

By using computer-readable rulers / stencils or the like. Drawing aids provide precise distance information to existing points - similar to a keyboard / menu entry - at the same time, the large-format drawing is characterized by clarity.

In the drawing device according to the invention, computer and program commands can be triggered on active and inactive surfaces with the aid of the computer-readable drawing aids, the rulers / stencils and associated or integrated operating fields, and components of the drawing can be generated simultaneously.

If the surface is not active, you can trace the contours of the computer-readable template / ruler with a drawing pen or by tapping the starting point, contour drawing or traversing a contour area and tapping an end point of a previously ruled ruler or template contour almost simultaneously as computer input to use. In contrast to this invention, in known large-format drawing systems - as indicated at the beginning - it is only possible to digitize what has already been drawn by subsequently moving it with a cross-hair magnifier, which requires starting (moving the drawing rulers / drawing head / drawing templates) and thus inserting them rapid, fast drawing or digitizing prevented.

In the drawing device according to the invention, the drawing is rationalized, since the drawing rulers / templates for computer input or digitization do not have to be changed in their position, and the input takes place on the edge of the drawing or in its immediate vicinity; the user interfaces, such as the keyboards, are only a few Millimeters from the location of the drawing process and the palm of the draftsman's hand does not need to lift the drawing surface for the purpose of computer / program operator input. The drawing rulers / stencils are mainly combined on carriage machines - especially with electrical measuring devices, on parallel machines with or without drawing head position measuring device, on drawing boards, especially with electrical slide position measuring device, or a special digitizing board, but can also move freely in space on any surface for drawing / Measurements are used and provide a computer with the necessary position data of the computer-readable ruler / templates.

At least one small-format flat screen or / and at least one LCD or liquid crystal display is preferably integrated in the drawing aid in the immediate vicinity of or directly on a drawing edge. Certain switches / menu fields can also show their switching status with light signals.

The drawing device according to the invention is supplemented with a switchable active sector area of the total drawing area, which makes it possible to additionally use partial areas of the drawing area with normal drawing templates, the corresponding contours being traced by means of a pen and being read into the computer in the process.

It has proven to be advantageous to draw circles and circular pieces manually on such active surface by means of a special compass, furthermore to draw circles and circular pieces on a non-active surface according to the invention and to also enter them into the computer.

With the drawing device according to the invention, in addition to an active also on a non-active area (digitizer), contours are drawn along contours of the ruler-like or template-like drawing aids with drawing devices, and these allow operation of switches - or, for example, sectors of an active sensor area with menu assignment - Access to computer and program commands in the immediate vicinity or on the actual contour edge. Rulers / template contours traversed in this way are both drawn on the drawing pad, such as paper or film, and simultaneously - if necessary also by sector and somewhat delayed or after buffering - fed to a computer program. The input is made by the drawing pen itself when moving the ruler / template contour directly or on the ruler / template surface near the leading edge using the switches next to each other at fixed intervals or via the active surface.

When producing drawings, the templates can be operated individually or in groups, in that they are placed next to one another or connected to one another by means of cables, in order to transmit data to a computer system directly or after temporary storage.

A digitizing circle can also be provided, which can be used to draw circles and circular pieces over an active area, but which, by means of an active area, can be used to transmit the contour of the drawing to a computer / program by means of circular tip registration. This digitalization compass can also have a device at the top of the compass, thanks to which it can measure the compass position on any surface in a coordinate system, and the drawing radius can also be measured. The two measurable data are fed to a computer / program and enable the detection of the driven contour of the character.

Thanks to these measures, it is possible - as already mentioned - to deal with drawing rulers and stencils on the drawing device in a conventional manner and yet at the same time as with the drawing pen or the like. to create a computer programming of the drawn in a rational and accurate manner. This results in a simple handling of computer systems / programs, especially in the area of graphic, drawing and construction offices, since the draftsman draws in the usual way with only slightly modified auxiliary devices - such as rulers, stencils, circles - without any special adaptation for him, data from the connected computer system are supplied almost imperceptibly at the same time.

For better monitoring of the computer inputs, drawing areas displayed on the computer screen on the drawing area of the drawing device are clearly delimited by sector display by means of lamps or diodes - those light corners.

Drawings that are already in a computer system - or parts of them - can be aligned on the drawing surface after being plotted and supplemented or modified with the drawing device.

The drawing device according to the invention thus leads to a new type of program input or a new computer / program dialog and solves the task seen by the inventor in an impressive manner.

Fig. 1:

eine Schrägsicht auf eine Zeichenmaschine mit vergrößert herausgehobenem Detail;

Fig. 2:

die Zeichenmaschine teilweise aufgeschnitten;

Fig. 3:

den vergrößerten Längsschnitt durch Fig. 1 nach deren Linie III-III;

Fig. 4:

den vergrößerten Vertikalschnitt durch Fig. 1 nach deren Linie IV-IV;

Fig. 5:

eine schematische Wiedergabe von Seilzügen in der Zeichenmaschine;

Fig. 6:

eine Draufsicht auf Teile einer unmittelbar auf eine Tischfläche od.dgl. auflegbaren Zeichenmaschine;

Fig. 7:

den vergrößerten Vertikalschnitt durch Fig. 6 nach deren Linie VII-VII;

Fig. 8:

den Querschnitt durch Fig. 6 nach deren Linie VIII-VIII;

Fig. 9 bis Fig. 11:

Schrägsichten auf weitere Ausführungen von Zeichenmaschinen, wobei Fig. 10, 11 gegenüber Fig. 9 verkleinert sind;

Fig. 12 bis Fig. 14:

schematische Darstellungen von Tragarmen für Zeichenmaschinen;

Fig. 15 bis Fig. 18:

schematische Draufsichten auf schlittenartige Vorrichtungsteile;

Fig. 19 bis Fig. 21:

vergrößerte Draufsichten auf Details der Fig. 1;

Fig. 22:

eine Schrägsicht auf eine schwenkbare Halteeinrichtung;

Fig. 23

eine Draufsicht auf einen Zirkel;

Fig. 24 bis Fig. 27:

vergrößerte Seitenansichten zu Details der Fig. 1 bzw. 9;

Fig. 28:

die Draufsicht auf eine Schenkeldrehpunktplatte aus Fig. 1 in vergrößerter Wiedergabe;

Fig. 29:

die Schenkeldrehpunktplatte der Fig. 28 in anderer Betriebsstellung und verkleinertem Maßstab;

Fig. 30 bis Fig. 32:

Schnitte durch Fig. 28 nach deren Linie XXX - XXXII;

Fig. 33, 33_a, 33_b, 34:

Schrägsichten auf Vorrichtungsabschnitte mit Führungskanten;

Fig. 35 bis Fig. 38:

Schnitte durch die Fig. 33, 33_a, 33_b nach deren Linien XXXV-XXXVIII sowie diesen jeweils zugeordnete skizzenhafte Schrägsichten;

Fig. 39:

den Schnitt durch Fig. 34 nach deren Linie XXXIX-XXXIX;

Fig. 40:

eine Schrägsicht auf eine andere Ausführung zur Schnittfigur 39.

Further advantages, features and details of the invention result from the following description of preferred exemplary embodiments and from the drawing; this shows in

Fig. 1:

an oblique view of a drawing machine with an enlarged detail;

Fig. 2:

the drawing machine partially cut open;

Fig. 3:

the enlarged longitudinal section through Figure 1 along the line III-III.

Fig. 4:

the enlarged vertical section through Figure 1 along the line IV-IV.

Fig. 5:

a schematic representation of cables in the drawing machine;

Fig. 6:

a plan view of parts of a directly on a table surface or the like. hangable drawing machine;

Fig. 7:

the enlarged vertical section through Figure 6 along the line VII-VII.

Fig. 8:

the cross section through Figure 6 along the line VIII-VIII.

9 to 11:

Oblique views of further designs of drawing machines, with FIGS. 10, 11 being reduced compared to FIG. 9;

12 to 14:

schematic representations of support arms for drawing machines;

15 to 18:

schematic plan views of sled-like device parts;

19 to 21:

enlarged top views of details of Fig. 1;

Fig. 22:

an oblique view of a pivotable holding device;

Fig. 23

a plan view of a compass;

24 to 27:

enlarged side views of details of Figures 1 and 9;

Fig. 28:

the top view of a leg pivot plate of Figure 1 in an enlarged representation.

Fig. 29:

the leg pivot plate of Figure 28 in a different operating position and on a reduced scale.

30 to 32:

Section through Fig. 28 along the line XXX - XXXII;

33, 33 _a , 33 _b , 34:

Oblique views of device sections with leading edges;

35 to 38:

Sections through FIGS. 33, 33 _a , 33 _b according to their lines XXXV-XXXVIII as well as sketchy oblique views respectively assigned to them;

Fig. 39:

the section through Fig. 34 along the line XXXIX-XXXIX;

Fig. 40:

an oblique view of another embodiment of sectional figure 39.

A drawing device 10 has a main plate 14 on a device frame 12, to which a back plate 16 is assigned at a distance a - forming an interior 15. A rail 18 for a slide 20 runs on the top edge of the plate, which, including a bridge 22 projecting from it over the plate surface 13, can be displaced parallel to the plate surface 13 with an end roller 23. The latter is provided with network lines 24 and recessed light corners 25.

The contour 26 indicates a drawing paper glued to the plate surface 13, above it there are two rectangular keyboard housings 28 in the center of the main plate 14, which offer rulers 29 and - on the left in FIG. 1 - by means of an angle flap 30 and - in FIG 1 right - are joined together at right angles by a limiting or angle bracket 31. On at least one of the keyboard housings 28, 32 denotes a small screen, 33 a number / letter display, and switch rows with 34 and sockets with 35.

On the bridge 22 there is a sliding shoe 38, which can be moved longitudinally on it, with an articulated connecting piece 39 for a large-format screen 40 and a control panel 41 and, on the other hand, with a handle 42 on a joint plate 43 movably connected on both sides, from which a signal cable 44 to a sensor Pen 45 is guided. The angle bracket 31 is pivotable here about an axis of rotation A.

Above the angle bracket 31, a leg pivot plate 46 for an electrical circuit 48 is placed on the main plate 14, which touches those in the circle pivot point Z.

In particular, Fig. 2 below the main plate 14 on the back plate 16 shows a second level as a digitizing surface 50 on a slide 51, which has horizontal rails 52 and can even be shifted vertically on guide profiles 53 - mounted on the device frame 12. At 54, 55, cable pulls run around pulleys 56 to control the digitizing surface 50 or the slide 51.

The cables 54, 55 and 54 ', 55' (FIG. 5) and their cable pulleys 56 can be seen above all from FIG. 5. It can be seen that they - or the like with the interposition of energy stores such as compression springs 57. - Against neutralization weights 58, move both that digitization level 50 horizontally and its slide 51 vertically. Additional cables 59 engage the sliding shoe 38 and control its movement along the bridge 22.

Another embodiment 10 _{a of} the drawing machine according to FIG. 6, above all, makes guideways 60 clear as well as designs of the keyboard housing 28 _a as triangles, curve rulers or as templates 28 _b . 9, 10 show telescopic bridges 22 _b , which can be extended or shortened in two coordinates thanks to a plurality of interlocking pull-out profiles 21 and, in the case of FIG , in Fig. 10 a _b separated from the bridge 22 support arm 62 _b for the Zirkelarm 64th

A simple embodiment 10 _c with an instrument group horizontally displaceable on a traveling frame 66 of the slide 20 is indicated in FIG. 11; the keyboard housing 28 is provided on both sides of a power supply box 67 and points upwards with its ruler strip 29.

Instead of the support arms 62, 62 _b of FIGS. 9, 10 in telescopic design, support arms 62 _c can also be partially telescopic and connected to a slide 38 _c according to FIG. 12, or parallel guide systems with parallelogram holder 62 _p may be provided, as is the case with FIG FIGS. 13, 14 each indicate a double arm fixed at one end in the fulcrum 61, the one in further fulcrums 61 _a suspended plate 63 carries. In other versions, the pivot points are designed so that the arms can be moved together synchronously or changed in length. The dash-dotted version shows a system that is extended and its arms pivotally guide the plate 63 _a in the pivot points 61 _a .

Different guides of the digitization level 50 or of sensor surfaces 68 are shown in FIGS. 15 to 18, this digitization level 50 in FIG. 17, 18 being part of a carriage 51.

For a clearer overview, FIGS. 19 to 21 show in an enlarged section of FIGS. 1, 2 two rectangular keyboard housings 28 in front of the main plate 14 lying in the image plane, at least one keyboard housing 28 or its adjusting device 70 being an additional keyboard in the form of a is assigned to the indicated template 28 _b . Electrical connections can be made with cables 44 _a or via direct plug connections of the additional keyboard 28 _b with plugs '72 in sockets 73 in keyboard housings 28, that is to say without cables. The assembly 28, 30, 38, 42 can also be pivoted about the handle 42 in the direction of the arrow.

In particular, FIG. 22 illustrates that the keyboard housing 28, for example, can be rotatably mounted in the center - axis of rotation A - of the handle 42 and can thus be adjustable; they then allow pivoting over the plate surface 13.

On the other hand, they are to be lifted in a circular path about the axis B from the plate surface 13 by means of the sliding shoe 38 via a single or double joint plate.

The digitized compasses 48 or compass arms 64 of FIGS. 23 to 25 are equipped with signal cables 44, their active tips 49, which can be rotated about an axis C, have contact elements. Radially or axially actuable switches 74 are provided for control purposes.

23, 24 show a compass 48 in a top view and a side view, as is used in the embodiments according to FIGS. 9, 10. The circular position to a coordinate zero axis 76 through the axis of rotation A is measured on the circular shaft 47 to form a plate-like circular collar 77.

A needle-like or loupe-shaped alignment device is designated by 78.

• * mit einer Vertiefung 79, in die eine Zirkelnase 63_a eingesetzt ist (Fig. 30);
• * die Zirkelnase 63_a gelangt durch die Schenkeldrehpunktplatte 46 bis in den Auflagegrund 14 (Fig. 31);
• * die Schenkeldrehpunktplatte 46 wird formschlüssig ein Bestandteil des Zirkels 48 (Fig. 32).

The leg pivot plate 46 described in FIG. 1 is clearly highlighted in FIGS. 28 to 32, in particular the design at the pivot point Z. This pivot pivot plate 46 can be designed completely round or with one or more legs 46 _a and offer switches 74 and sockets 35. Your contact surface is non-slip, optionally equipped with one or more needle tips 80. The following variants are shown:

• * with a recess 79 into which a compass nose 63 _{a is} inserted (FIG. 30);
• * The circular nose 63 _a passes through the leg pivot plate 46 into the support base 14 (Fig. 31);
• * The leg pivot plate 46 is a form-fitting part of the compass 48 (Fig. 32).

Finally, FIGS. 33, 33 _a , 33 _b and 34 show oblique views of guide edges 82 for special configurations for making contact and the subsequent figures show sectional views thereof; FIG. 34 shows switch knobs 84 provided on the leading edge 82, which are actuated approximately parallel to the support surface 13 - or to the main plate 14 - as is also the case with the concealed sensor elements 85 of FIG. 36. The active surfaces of the switch knobs 84 _a and the sensor surfaces 86 _a of FIGS. 37, 38 are perpendicular or inclined to the support surface 13, key elements 87 are provided for actuating the switch knobs 84 _a , both of which are addressed approximately perpendicular to the support surface 13.

In the guide pairing 82/82 outlined in FIG. 34, two guide edges 82 delimit a guide gap 83; in FIG. 39, a cross section for this purpose shows sensor surfaces 86 with current-carrying paths. This cross section also corresponds to the view of a cutting edge shown in FIG. 40 of a keyboard housing 28 _{c which is} U-shaped in plan view.

The drawing device 10 according to the invention is used for the rational input of computer data when creating drawings or for a clearer working method for large-format work. It can be drawn in a conventional manner on a drawing base. During the drawing, the lines, curves and points are registered as input data in a computer which, for reasons of clarity, is not shown in the drawing. That the rulers and stencils sketched in the drawing The recording of this data is specially designed and allows the precise entry of distances and other parameters.

Claims (17)

1. Device (10) for the production of drawings, e.g. drawings on paper sheet such as transparent paper sheet, by means of a tool generating points, lines or the like, such as a pen (45), comprising a drawing surface (13) of a plate or the like temporarily receiving the sheet, provided with a drawing aid (28, 28_a, 28_b) displaceable over its surface in the form of a ruler or the like and preferably with a variable inclination relative to a base surface, the drawing aid being connected to a data logger (40, 41) and being designed to be activated by the pen or similar tool for data output, characterised in that the drawing aid (28, 28_a, 28_b) has a guide edge (82) and/or a guide gap (83) on which contact elements (84, 84_a, 86, 86_a) are provided.
2. Device according to claim 1, characterised in that at least one digitising plane (50) is associated with the drawing aid (28, 28_a, 28_b) with the interposition of the drawing surface (13) and data transfer can be activated at the point at which the drawing aid contacts the pen (45) or a compass (48) or the like.
3. Device according to claim 2, characterised in that the digitising plane (50) is divided into a plurality of fields.
4. Device according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the drawing surface (13) is provided with luminous corners (25) and reference lines (24) connecting the latter and/or that the drawing aid (28, 28_a, 28_b) designed to be activated has at least one switching member (34) for limiting activation.
5. Device according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterised in that at least one screen (40) is associated with the drawing aid (28, 28_a, 28_b) or at least one screen (38) is integrated into the drawing aid.
6. Device according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterised by a movable bridge (22) overlapping the drawing surface (13), comprising at least one sliding block (38) or similar support for the drawing aid (28) and/or the screen (40) movable thereon, the sliding block (38) or a handle (42) with a signalling cable/s (44) associated therewith optionally being connected to the drawing aid (28) or the pen (45), compass (48) or the like.
7. Device according to at least one of claims 1 to 6, characterised in that at least two ruler-like drawing aids are pivotably secured to the sliding block (38) at an angle, at least one of them being in the form of a keyboard housing (28).
8. Device according to claim 7, characterised in that the sliding block (38) or a handle (42) with a signalling cable/s (44) associated therewith is connected to the drawing aid (28) or the pen (45), compass (48) or the like, at least two ruler-like drawing aids (28) optionally being pivotable both about the axis (A) of the handle (42) and about an axis (B) extending at an angle thereto.
9. Device according to at least one of claims 6 to 8, characterised in that the sliding block (38) or the bridge (22) or the digitising plane (50) are movably arranged.
10. Device according to claim 9, characterised in that the sliding block (38) is connected to drive ropes, in particular pulleys (59), or that the bridge (22) or the digitising plane (50) is connected to drive ropes, in particular pulleys (55, 56) and can be moved by the latter.
11. Device according to claim 9 or claim 10, characterised in that the digitising plane (50) is movably supported in a carriage (51) and the latter is displaceable transversely to the direction of movement thereof.
12. Device according to one of claims 9 to 11, characterised in that a back plate (16) is associated at a distance (a) with the main plate (14) forming the drawing plane (13), both plates delimiting a receiving space (15) for the digitising plane (50) and the drive ropes, in particular the pulleys (55, 56, 59).
13. Device according to at least one of claims 6 to 11, characterised in that the bridge (22_b) is in itself of variable length, the bridge optionally being of variable length in two coordinates.
14. Device according to at least one of claims 1 to 13, characterised in that each contact element (84_a, 86, 86_a) extends at a distance from the guide edge (82) and/or a key (87) is associated with each contact element (84_a) or each contact element (84) is part of a switch.
15. Device according to claim 14, characterised in that the surface of the switch (39, 84) or the active surface of the contact element provided on the surface of the drawing aid (28, 28_a, 28_b) close to the guide edge (82) with a scale is designed in such a manner that contact can be made between a firmly defined contour switch or an active surface point associated with a contour point and the pen (45).
16. Device according to at least one of claims 1 to 15, characterised in that the pen (45) or the compass is connected to a data logger and/or the compass (45) has an insertion point (Z) and a sensing point (49).
17. Device according to claim 16, characterised by a limbed pivot plate (46) for the insertion point (Z) of the compass (45) as a drawing aid and/or an aligning device (78) on the insertion point (Z).

Images