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EP0523602A1 - Method for detecting portable transmitter left inside vehicle - Google Patents

Method for detecting portable transmitter left inside vehicle Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0523602A1
EP0523602A1 EP92111927A EP92111927A EP0523602A1 EP 0523602 A1 EP0523602 A1 EP 0523602A1 EP 92111927 A EP92111927 A EP 92111927A EP 92111927 A EP92111927 A EP 92111927A EP 0523602 A1 EP0523602 A1 EP 0523602A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
transponder
vehicle
code signal
antennas
locking
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP92111927A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0523602B1 (en
Inventor
Peter Paeschke
Walter Weishaupt
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Bayerische Motoren Werke AG
Original Assignee
Bayerische Motoren Werke AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Bayerische Motoren Werke AG filed Critical Bayerische Motoren Werke AG
Publication of EP0523602A1 publication Critical patent/EP0523602A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0523602B1 publication Critical patent/EP0523602B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07C—TIME OR ATTENDANCE REGISTERS; REGISTERING OR INDICATING THE WORKING OF MACHINES; GENERATING RANDOM NUMBERS; VOTING OR LOTTERY APPARATUS; ARRANGEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS FOR CHECKING NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • G07C9/00—Individual registration on entry or exit
    • G07C9/00174—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys
    • G07C9/00309—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys operated with bidirectional data transmission between data carrier and locks
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07C—TIME OR ATTENDANCE REGISTERS; REGISTERING OR INDICATING THE WORKING OF MACHINES; GENERATING RANDOM NUMBERS; VOTING OR LOTTERY APPARATUS; ARRANGEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS FOR CHECKING NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • G07C9/00—Individual registration on entry or exit
    • G07C9/00174—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys
    • G07C9/00309—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys operated with bidirectional data transmission between data carrier and locks
    • G07C2009/00388—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys operated with bidirectional data transmission between data carrier and locks code verification carried out according to the challenge/response method
    • G07C2009/00396—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys operated with bidirectional data transmission between data carrier and locks code verification carried out according to the challenge/response method starting with prompting the keyless data carrier
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07C—TIME OR ATTENDANCE REGISTERS; REGISTERING OR INDICATING THE WORKING OF MACHINES; GENERATING RANDOM NUMBERS; VOTING OR LOTTERY APPARATUS; ARRANGEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS FOR CHECKING NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • G07C9/00—Individual registration on entry or exit
    • G07C9/00174—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys
    • G07C2009/00753—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys operated by active electrical keys
    • G07C2009/00769—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys operated by active electrical keys with data transmission performed by wireless means
    • G07C2009/00793—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys operated by active electrical keys with data transmission performed by wireless means by Hertzian waves
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07C—TIME OR ATTENDANCE REGISTERS; REGISTERING OR INDICATING THE WORKING OF MACHINES; GENERATING RANDOM NUMBERS; VOTING OR LOTTERY APPARATUS; ARRANGEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS FOR CHECKING NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • G07C2209/00—Indexing scheme relating to groups G07C9/00 - G07C9/38
    • G07C2209/60—Indexing scheme relating to groups G07C9/00174 - G07C9/00944
    • G07C2209/63—Comprising locating means for detecting the position of the data carrier, i.e. within the vehicle or within a certain distance from the vehicle

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method according to the preamble of claim 1 and a device for carrying out a special embodiment of the method.
  • Such a method is known from EP 140 137 A2 and EP 158 354 B1.
  • the dialog is triggered after the vehicle is locked and a warning or notification signal is triggered after a defined, predetermined time has elapsed if the transponder is enclosed inside the vehicle.
  • This method has the serious disadvantage that the vehicle user often receives the information that the transponder has been forgotten inside the closed or initially locked vehicle only when it is out of range of the vehicle. Any warning signal triggered is no longer perceived by him. On the other hand, the warning signal for the unauthorized user indicates that the transponder is locked inside the vehicle.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a method of the type mentioned, in which the risk of accidentally trapping a transponder left inside the vehicle is excluded and in which the vehicle user receives a clear indication in such a case.
  • the question-answer dialog is now triggered before the actual locking. If it is recognized that the transponder is located outside the vehicle, the locking request of the vehicle user is realized. On the other hand, the vehicle is not locked when the transponder is inside the vehicle. Since the locking of the vehicle for the vehicle user is easily recognized by the movement of the mechanically provided locking elements or, for example, also with the aid of an acoustic acknowledgment signal, it is immediately apparent to the vehicle user when the vehicle is locked that the transponder is not enclosed inside the vehicle . There is therefore no danger that an unauthorized person can get inside the vehicle. Since the vehicle user generally waits until his locking request has been carried out, there is also no risk that the vehicle user will move away from the vehicle prematurely. This makes it possible in a simple manner to recognize a transponder that may have been left inside the vehicle.
  • patent claim 1 result in an improvement of the invention insofar as the locking request is then realized immediately when the transponder is recognized outside the vehicle. This means that the vehicle user can recognize that the transponder is already in motion when his locking request is not immediately realized probably located inside the vehicle. He is therefore not forced to wait for a test phase, after which he only receives a clear indication of the position of the transponder (inside the vehicle). This further reduces the risk of the vehicle user moving away from the vehicle when the transponder is inside the vehicle.
  • Claims 3 and 4 contain advantageous options for easily recognizing the position of the transponder.
  • the field strength curve in the case of the transponder which is removed from the interior of the vehicle by the vehicle user, gives information about the position of the transponder in the shortest possible time.
  • EP 140 137 A2 mentioned at the outset there is no provision for determining the field strength of the code signal at the beginning and at the end of a predetermined measuring time.
  • the field strength change course responds to the variations in the field strength, which experience has shown that, with a transponder that is removed from the vehicle, it clearly differs from the non-occurring changes in the field strength that occur with a transponder inside the vehicle.
  • the means specified in claim 4 are used at any time to identify where the transponder is currently located.
  • a code signal of the transponder is only recorded with the associated antenna. This case can be clearly distinguished from the other case if the transponder is removed from the vehicle interior. In this case, only the antenna directed towards the outside or, due to the overlapping area of the two antennas, provides both antennas with information in the form of the recorded code signal. If only the antenna pointing towards the outside then supplies this information, the transponder is undoubtedly removed from the vehicle interior. As a result, the movement of the transponder can be followed by sequencing the evaluation of the code signals recorded by both antennas.
  • the antennas can also be pure transmitting antennas for a question code signal.
  • the response signal of the transponder is then recorded with an additional antenna and, for example, evaluated with regard to its field strength. If the antennas transmit sequentially and also a signal component that symbolizes their arrangement or alignment, the transponder can itself identify which antenna it is addressed by. If it is intended to answer only question code signals that originate from the antenna directed towards the exterior, this offers the advantage that the question / answer dialog cannot be carried out with a transponder in the vehicle. Under the prerequisite that the vehicle is mechanically locked, for example, it is not possible for the unauthorized user from the outside to initiate this dialog and to get inside the vehicle.
  • the transponder inside the vehicle does not react to the question code signal sent by the outside antenna, because it does not receive it and also not to the one from the inside antenna emitted question code signal, from where it receives.
  • the authorized user reserves the right, for example, to enter the vehicle interior using the mechanical door key.
  • a device with which the last-mentioned method is carried out is the subject of claim 7. It is distinguished by a particularly simple constructional expansion, since the antennas can be given the desired orientation in the manner described and without special additional measures.
  • the single figure schematically shows a top view of a vehicle 1, which is provided with a keyless entry system, not shown.
  • vehicle 1 has an antenna 2 in the left-hand exterior mirror, as seen in the direction of travel, which is oriented toward an examination area denoted by I. Area I is essentially outside the vehicle. “Alignment” is to be understood as the measure that code signals which are emitted within this area are picked up by the antenna and fed to a comparison device (not shown).
  • Another antenna 3 is located in the right-hand exterior mirror and is aligned with an area which is designated II and is likewise essentially outside the vehicle. Finally, an antenna 5 is arranged in a center console 4, which is aligned with the interior area of the vehicle designated III.
  • the access system works with the help of question-answer code signals which are triggered or received by a portable transponder 6 and which are also received or triggered by one of the antennas 2, 3 or 5.
  • the antennas 2, 3 or 5 can only be effective as transmit antennas for a question code signal.
  • the response signal emitted by the transponder 6 is then recorded using a central antenna, which is not shown in detail.
  • the access system When getting into the vehicle, the access system works in a known manner, as can be seen, for example, from EP 218 251 B1.
  • the question / answer dialog is triggered when the door handle is actuated and may lead to the unlocking of the central locking.
  • the antenna 2, 3 or 5 detects where the portable transponder is at the moment.
  • the locking request is triggered by the vehicle user, for example when a door handle (not shown) is actuated in the closing sense, a question-answer dialog is triggered between the antennas mentioned, a central antenna which may be present and the transponder 6. If the transponder 6 is within range of at least one of the antennas, it sends out a response signal which is then received by the antenna (s). If it is not received by antenna 5 through antenna 2 or 3, the transponder is clearly outside the vehicle. The locking request is implemented immediately.
  • the driver receives the information that the vehicle has been locked visually - by changing the position of the door locking pins (not shown) - or acoustically - for example by an acknowledgment signal triggered by the vehicle horn. Associated with this information is the clear statement that the transponder 6 is located outside the vehicle.
  • the response code signal of the transponder 6 is received only by the antenna 5, but not by the antennas 2 and 3, it is clear that the transponder 6 is still inside the vehicle. In this case, the locking request of the vehicle user is not carried out. Since the driver receives no information in this case that the locking has been carried out, he receives an indication that the transponder may also still be inside.
  • a movement tendency of this transponder can also be recognized from the field strength changes and in particular from the field strength change course of code signals which are transmitted by the transponder 6, and thus according to that of the vehicle user has got out of the vehicle, a change in position of the transponder 6 can be detected. Such a change of location is only possible if the vehicle user is outside the vehicle.
  • the antennas 2, 3 and 5 can only be designed as pure transmit antennas. You send a question code signal to the transponder, which the transponder answers with an answer code signal. This signal is recorded using an antenna, not shown, which is located centrally in the vehicle interior.
  • the transmit operation of antennas 2, 3 and 5 can be carried out sequentially. Due to the different orientations of the antennas, apart from the small overlap areas that may exist, two antennas 2 and 5 or 3 and 5, the transponder can only receive the question code signal of one of the antennas. If the question code signal is additionally provided with an identifier for the respective transmitting antenna, the transponder can also recognize which antenna is sending the question code signal. The elimination of the risk of the vehicle being used by an unauthorized user in the case of a transponder located inside the vehicle can then, as already explained, be achieved in that the transponder only responds to question code signals which are transmitted by antennas 2 and 3 be sent out.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Lock And Its Accessories (AREA)

Abstract

In a method for detecting a portable transponder (6), locked inside a vehicle, for a key-less access system for vehicles, in which method the position of the transponder is detected and possibly a signal is triggered via a question/answer dialogue triggered during the locking, the dialogue is triggered when a locking command is issued and the locking is only carried out when the transponder is detected outside the vehicle (1). <IMAGE>

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf ein Verfahren nach dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruchs 1 sowie eine Vorrichtung zur Durchführung einer besonderen Ausgestaltung des Verfahrens.The invention relates to a method according to the preamble of claim 1 and a device for carrying out a special embodiment of the method.

Ein derartiges Verfahren ist aus der EP 140 137 A2 und der EP 158 354 B1 bekannt. Dabei wird nach dem Verriegeln des Fahrzeugs der Dialog ausgelöst und nach Ablauf einer definierten, fest vorgegebenen Zeit ein Warn- bzw. Hinweissignal dann ausgelöst, wenn der Transponder im Fahrzeuginnern eingeschlossen ist. Dieses Verfahren besitzt den gravierenden Nachteil, daß der Fahrzeugbenutzer häufig den Hinweis, daß der Transponder innerhalb des geschlossenen bzw. zunächst verriegelten Fahrzeugs vergessen wurde, erst dann erhält, wenn er sich außerhalb der Reichweite des Fahrzeugs befindet. Ein ggf. ausgelöstes Warnsignal wird von ihm gar nicht mehr wahrgenommen. Andererseits gibt das Warnsignal für den unberechtigten Benutzer den Hinweis, daß der Transponder innerhalb des Fahrzeugs eingeschlossen ist. Es ist dann möglich, ohne besondere Vorbereitung in das Fahrzeuginnere zu gelangen, da er beim Versuch, in das Fahrzeug einzusteigen, in der Regel selbsttätig den Frage-Antwort-Dialog zwischen dem Transponder und dem Fahrzeug auslöst und, da der Transponder vorhanden ist, als "rechtmäßiger" Benutzer identifiziert wird. Damit aber besitzt das bekannte Verfahren eine eklatanten Nachteil, der den theoretischen Vorteil eines schlüssellosen Zutrittssystems ins Gegenteil verkehrt.Such a method is known from EP 140 137 A2 and EP 158 354 B1. The dialog is triggered after the vehicle is locked and a warning or notification signal is triggered after a defined, predetermined time has elapsed if the transponder is enclosed inside the vehicle. This method has the serious disadvantage that the vehicle user often receives the information that the transponder has been forgotten inside the closed or initially locked vehicle only when it is out of range of the vehicle. Any warning signal triggered is no longer perceived by him. On the other hand, the warning signal for the unauthorized user indicates that the transponder is locked inside the vehicle. It is then possible to get into the vehicle interior without special preparation, since it usually automatically triggers the question-answer dialog between the transponder and the vehicle when trying to get into the vehicle and, as the transponder is present, as "legitimate" user is identified. However, the known method has a blatant disadvantage that reverses the theoretical advantage of a keyless entry system.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Verfahren der eingangs genannten Art zu schaffen, bei dem die Gefahr, einen versehentlich im Fahrzeuginnern zurückgelassenen Transponder einzuschließen, ausgeschlossen wird und bei dem der Fahrzeugbenutzer in einem derartigen Fall einen eindeutigen Hinweis erhält.The invention has for its object to provide a method of the type mentioned, in which the risk of accidentally trapping a transponder left inside the vehicle is excluded and in which the vehicle user receives a clear indication in such a case.

Ferner ist es Aufgabe der Erfindung, eine Vorrichtung zu schaffen, mit der das Verfahren in einer besonderen Ausgestaltung mit einfachen konstruktiven Mitteln realisiert wird.Furthermore, it is an object of the invention to provide a device with which the method is implemented in a special embodiment with simple constructional means.

Die Erfindung löst diese Aufgabe für das Verfahren der eingangs genannten Art durch die kennzeichnenden Merkmale des Patentanspruchs 1.The invention solves this problem for the method of the type mentioned by the characterizing features of patent claim 1.

Der Frage-Antwort-Dialog wird nunmehr vor dem eigentlichen Verriegeln ausgelöst. Wird dabei erkannt, daß sich der Transponder außerhalb des Fahrzeugs befindet, so wird der Verriegelungswunsch des Fahrzeugbenutzers realisiert. Andererseits wird das Fahrzeug nicht verriegelt, wenn der Transponder sich innerhalb des Fahrzeugs befindet. Da das Verriegeln des Fahrzeugs für den Fahrzeugbenutzer ohne weiteres durch die Bewegung der mechanisch in der Regel vorgesehenen Verriegelungselemente oder beispielsweise auch mit Hilfe eines akustischen Quittierungssignal erkannt wird, ist für den Fahrzeugbenutzer beim Verriegeln des Fahrzeugs unmittelbar erkennbar, daß der Transponder nicht im Fahrzeuginnern eingeschlossen ist. Es besteht somit keine Gefahr, daß ein Unbefugter in das Fahrzeuginnere gelangen kann. Da der Fahrzeugbenutzer in der Regel solange wartet, bis sein Verriegelungswunsch ausgeführt ist, besteht auch keine Gefahr, daß der Fahrzeugbenutzer sich vorzeitig vom Fahrzeug entfernt. Damit wird es auf einfache Weise möglich, einen ggf. im Fahrzeuginnern zurückgelassenen Transponder zu erkennen.The question-answer dialog is now triggered before the actual locking. If it is recognized that the transponder is located outside the vehicle, the locking request of the vehicle user is realized. On the other hand, the vehicle is not locked when the transponder is inside the vehicle. Since the locking of the vehicle for the vehicle user is easily recognized by the movement of the mechanically provided locking elements or, for example, also with the aid of an acoustic acknowledgment signal, it is immediately apparent to the vehicle user when the vehicle is locked that the transponder is not enclosed inside the vehicle . There is therefore no danger that an unauthorized person can get inside the vehicle. Since the vehicle user generally waits until his locking request has been carried out, there is also no risk that the vehicle user will move away from the vehicle prematurely. This makes it possible in a simple manner to recognize a transponder that may have been left inside the vehicle.

Durch die Merkmale des Patentanspruchs 1 ergibt sich eine Verbesserung der Erfindung insoweit, als nunmehr der Verriegelungswunsch unmittelbar dann realisiert wird, wenn der Transponder außerhalb des Fahrzeugs erkannt wird. Damit kann der Fahrzeugbenutzer bereits dann, wenn sein Verriegelungswunsch nicht unmittelbar realisiert wird, erkennen, daß sich der Transponder vermutlich innerhalb des Fahrzeugs befindet. Er ist somit nicht gezwungen, eine Prüfphase abzuwarten, nach der er erst den eindeutigen Hinweis auf die Position des Transponders (im Fahrzeuginnern) erhält. Dadurch wird die Gefahr, daß der Fahrzeugbenutzer sich vom Fahrzeug entfernt, wenn der Transponder sich innerhalb des Fahrzeugs befindet, weiter herabgesetzt.The features of patent claim 1 result in an improvement of the invention insofar as the locking request is then realized immediately when the transponder is recognized outside the vehicle. This means that the vehicle user can recognize that the transponder is already in motion when his locking request is not immediately realized probably located inside the vehicle. He is therefore not forced to wait for a test phase, after which he only receives a clear indication of the position of the transponder (inside the vehicle). This further reduces the risk of the vehicle user moving away from the vehicle when the transponder is inside the vehicle.

Die Patentansprüche 3 und 4 beinhalten vorteilhafte Möglichkeiten, auf einfache Weise die Position des Transponders erkennen zu können. Beim Verfahren nach dem Patentanspruch 3 ergibt sich aus dem Feldstärkeverlauf im Falle des Transponders, der durch den Fahrzeugbenutzer aus dem Fahrzeuginnern herausgenommen wird, in kürzester Zeit die Information über die Position des Transponders. Im Gegensatz zu der eingangs genannten EP 140 137 A2 ist dabei nicht vorgesehen, die Feldstärke des Codesignals am Anfang und am Ende einer vorgegebenen Meßzeit zu bestimmen. Abgesehen von der relativ langen Dauer in der über die Position des Transponders Unsicherheit besteht, ergibt sich die Gefahr einer versehentlichen Falschaussage, wenn die Feldstärke zu Beginn und am Ende der Messung zufälligerweise denselben Wert besitzt, obwohl der Fahrzeugbenutzer das Fahrzeug verlassen hat. Der Feldstärkeänderungsverlauf spricht auf die Variationen der Feldstärke an, die sich erfahrungsgemäß bei einem Transponder, der aus dem Fahrzeug genommen wird, deutlich von den nicht auftretenden Ånderungen der Feldstärke unterscheiden, die sich bei einem Transponder im Fahrzeuginnern ergeben.Claims 3 and 4 contain advantageous options for easily recognizing the position of the transponder. In the method according to claim 3, the field strength curve in the case of the transponder, which is removed from the interior of the vehicle by the vehicle user, gives information about the position of the transponder in the shortest possible time. In contrast to EP 140 137 A2 mentioned at the outset, there is no provision for determining the field strength of the code signal at the beginning and at the end of a predetermined measuring time. Apart from the relatively long duration in which there is uncertainty about the position of the transponder, there is the risk of an inadvertent false statement if the field strength at the beginning and at the end of the measurement happens to have the same value even though the vehicle user has left the vehicle. The field strength change course responds to the variations in the field strength, which experience has shown that, with a transponder that is removed from the vehicle, it clearly differs from the non-occurring changes in the field strength that occur with a transponder inside the vehicle.

Ergänzend oder alternativ zu dieser Ausführung des Verfahrens wird mit den Mitteln, die im Patentanspruch 4 angegeben sind, zu jedem Zeitpunkt erkannt, wo sich der Transponder gerade befindet.In addition or as an alternative to this embodiment of the method, the means specified in claim 4 are used at any time to identify where the transponder is currently located.

Verläßt der Transponder nicht das Fahrzeuginnere, so wird nur mit der zugehörigen Antenne ein Codesignal des Transponders aufgenommen. Dieser Fall läßt sich deutlich von dem anderen Fall unterscheiden, wenn der Transponder aus dem Fahrzeuginnern entfernt wird. In diesem Fall liefert nur die auf den Außenraum gerichtete Antenne bzw. bedingt durch den Überlappungsbereich der beiden Antennen erhalten beide Antennen eine Information in Form des aufgenommenen Codesignals. Liefert anschließend nur noch die auf den Außenraum gerichtete Antenne diese Information, so ist zweifellos der Transponder aus dem Fahrzeuginnern entfernt. Dadurch kann durch Aufeinanderfolgen der Auswertung der von beiden Antennen aufgenommenen Codesignale die Bewegung des Transponders verfolgt werden.If the transponder does not leave the vehicle interior, a code signal of the transponder is only recorded with the associated antenna. This case can be clearly distinguished from the other case if the transponder is removed from the vehicle interior. In this case, only the antenna directed towards the outside or, due to the overlapping area of the two antennas, provides both antennas with information in the form of the recorded code signal. If only the antenna pointing towards the outside then supplies this information, the transponder is undoubtedly removed from the vehicle interior. As a result, the movement of the transponder can be followed by sequencing the evaluation of the code signals recorded by both antennas.

Alternativ zu der beschriebenen Ausgestaltung der Antennen als Sende-/und Empfangseinrichtungen können die Antennen auch reine Sendeantennen für ein Fragecodesignal sein. Das Antwortsignal des Transponders wird dann mit einer zusätzlich vorhandenen Antennen aufgenommen und beispielsweise hinsichtlich seiner Feldstärke ausgewertet. Senden die Antennen sequentiell und auch einen Signalanteil aus, der ihre Anordnung bzw. Ausrichtung symbolisiert, so kann der Transponder selbst erkennen, von welcher Antenne er angesprochen wird. Ist dabei vorgesehen, nur Fragecodesignale zu beantworten, die von der auf den Außenraum gerichteten Antenne stammen, so bietet dies den Vorteil, bei einem im Fahrzeug befindlichen Transponder den Frage/Antwortdialog nicht durchführen zu können. Es ist unter der Vorraussetzung, daß das Fahrzeug beispielsweise mechanisch verriegelt ist, für den unbefugten Benutzer von außen nicht möglich, diesen Dialog zu initiieren und in das Fahrzeuginnere zu gelangen. Der im Fahrzeuginnern liegende Transponder reagiert nicht auf das von der Außen-Antenne ausgesandte Fragecodesignal, da er dieses nicht empfängt und auch nicht auf das von der Innen-Antenne ausgesandte Fragecodesignal, woher dieses empfängt. Dem berechtigten Benutzer bleibt es vorbehalten, beispielsweise über den mechanischen Türschlüssel in das Fahrzeuginnere zu gelangen.As an alternative to the described configuration of the antennas as transmitting and receiving devices, the antennas can also be pure transmitting antennas for a question code signal. The response signal of the transponder is then recorded with an additional antenna and, for example, evaluated with regard to its field strength. If the antennas transmit sequentially and also a signal component that symbolizes their arrangement or alignment, the transponder can itself identify which antenna it is addressed by. If it is intended to answer only question code signals that originate from the antenna directed towards the exterior, this offers the advantage that the question / answer dialog cannot be carried out with a transponder in the vehicle. Under the prerequisite that the vehicle is mechanically locked, for example, it is not possible for the unauthorized user from the outside to initiate this dialog and to get inside the vehicle. The transponder inside the vehicle does not react to the question code signal sent by the outside antenna, because it does not receive it and also not to the one from the inside antenna emitted question code signal, from where it receives. The authorized user reserves the right, for example, to enter the vehicle interior using the mechanical door key.

Eine Vorrichtung, mit der das zuletzt genannte Verfahren ausgeführt wird, ist Gegenstand des Patentanspruchs 7. Sie zeichnet sich durch einen besonders einfachen konstruktiven Ausbau aus, da die Antennen in der beschriebenen Weise und ohne besondere zusätzliche Maßnahmen die gewünschte Ausrichtung erhalten können.A device with which the last-mentioned method is carried out is the subject of claim 7. It is distinguished by a particularly simple constructional expansion, since the antennas can be given the desired orientation in the manner described and without special additional measures.

Anhand der Zeichnung ist die Erfindung weiter erläutert.The invention is further explained on the basis of the drawing.

Die einzige Figur zeigt in der Draufsicht schematisch ein Fahrzeug 1, das mit einem nicht näher dargestellten schlüssellosen Zutrittssystem versehen ist. Das Fahrzeug 1 besitzt eine Antenne 2 im - in Fahrtrichtung gesehen linken Außenspiegel - die auf einen mit I bezeichneten Untersuchungsbereich ausgerichtet ist. Der Bereich I befindet sich im wesentlichen außerhalb des Fahrzeugs. Unter "Ausrichtung" ist die Maßnahme zu verstehen, daß Codesignale, die innerhalb dieses Bereichs ausgesandt werden, von der Antenne aufgenommen und einer nicht dargestellten Vergleichseinrichtung zugeführt werden.The single figure schematically shows a top view of a vehicle 1, which is provided with a keyless entry system, not shown. The vehicle 1 has an antenna 2 in the left-hand exterior mirror, as seen in the direction of travel, which is oriented toward an examination area denoted by I. Area I is essentially outside the vehicle. “Alignment” is to be understood as the measure that code signals which are emitted within this area are picked up by the antenna and fed to a comparison device (not shown).

Eine weitere Antenne 3 befindet sich im rechten Außenspiegel und ist auf einen Bereich ausgerichtet, der mit II bezeichnet ist und sich ebenfalls im wesentlichen außerhalb des Fahrzeugs befindet. Schließlich ist in einer Mittelkonsole 4 eine Antenne 5 angeordnet, die auf den mit III bezeichneten Innenbereich des Fahrzeugs ausgerichtet ist.Another antenna 3 is located in the right-hand exterior mirror and is aligned with an area which is designated II and is likewise essentially outside the vehicle. Finally, an antenna 5 is arranged in a center console 4, which is aligned with the interior area of the vehicle designated III.

Das Zutrittssystem arbeitet mit Hilfe von Frage-Antwort-Codesignalen, die von einem tragbaren Transponder 6 ausgelöst bzw. empfangen werden und mit einer der Antennen 2, 3 bzw. 5 ebenfalls empfangen bzw. ausgelöst werden. Alternativ können die Antennen 2,3 bzw. 5 nur als Sende-Antennen für ein Frage-Codesignal wirksam sein. Das vom Transponder 6 ausgesandte Antwortsignal wird dann mit Hilfe einer zentralen, nicht im einzelnen dargestellten Antenne aufgenommen.The access system works with the help of question-answer code signals which are triggered or received by a portable transponder 6 and which are also received or triggered by one of the antennas 2, 3 or 5. Alternatively, the antennas 2, 3 or 5 can only be effective as transmit antennas for a question code signal. The response signal emitted by the transponder 6 is then recorded using a central antenna, which is not shown in detail.

Beim Einsteigen in das Fahrzeug arbeitet das Zutrittssystem in bekannter Weise, wie sie beispielsweise aus der EP 218 251 B1 hervorgeht. Der Frage-/Antwort-Dialog wird bei Betätigen des Türgriffs ausgelöst und führt ggf. zur Entriegelung der Zentralverriegelung.When getting into the vehicle, the access system works in a known manner, as can be seen, for example, from EP 218 251 B1. The question / answer dialog is triggered when the door handle is actuated and may lead to the unlocking of the central locking.

Beim Aussteigen wird mit Hilfe der Antenne 2, 3 bzw. 5 erkannt, wo sich der tragbare Transponder gerade befindet. Hierzu wird bei Auslösen des Verriegelungswunsches durch den Fahrzeugbenutzer, beispielsweise bei Betätigen einer Tür-Handhabe (nicht dargestellt) im Schließsinne ein Frage-Anwort-Dialog zwischen den genannten Antennen, einer ggf. vorhandenen zentralen Antenne und dem Transponder 6 ausgelöst. Befindet sich der Transponder 6 in Reichweite zumindest einer der Antennen, so sendet er ein Antwortsignal aus, das dann durch die Antenne(n) empfangen wird. Wird es dabei durch die Antenne 2 oder 3 nicht durch die Antenne 5 empfangen, so befindet sich der Transponder eindeutig außerhalb des Fahrzeugs. Der Verriegelungswunsch wird sofort realisiert. Der Fahrer erhält optisch - durch die Lageänderung der Türverriegelungsstifte (nicht dargestellt) - bzw. akustisch - z.B. durch ein mit der Fahrzeughupe ausgelöstes Quittierungssignal, die Information, daß das Fahrzeug verriegelt wurde. Mit dieser Information verbunden ist die eindeutige Aussage, daß sich der Transponder 6 außerhalb des Fahrzeugs befindet.When getting out, the antenna 2, 3 or 5 detects where the portable transponder is at the moment. For this purpose, when the locking request is triggered by the vehicle user, for example when a door handle (not shown) is actuated in the closing sense, a question-answer dialog is triggered between the antennas mentioned, a central antenna which may be present and the transponder 6. If the transponder 6 is within range of at least one of the antennas, it sends out a response signal which is then received by the antenna (s). If it is not received by antenna 5 through antenna 2 or 3, the transponder is clearly outside the vehicle. The locking request is implemented immediately. The driver receives the information that the vehicle has been locked visually - by changing the position of the door locking pins (not shown) - or acoustically - for example by an acknowledgment signal triggered by the vehicle horn. Associated with this information is the clear statement that the transponder 6 is located outside the vehicle.

Wird das Antwort-Codesignal des Transponders 6 nur durch die Antenne 5, nicht hingegen durch die Antennen 2 und 3 empfangen, so ergibt sich eindeutig, daß sich der Transponder 6 noch im Fahrzeuginnern befindet. In diesem Fall wird der Verriegelungswunsch des Fahrzeugbenutzers nicht ausgeführt. Da der Fahrer in diesem Fall keine Information darüber erhält, daß die Verriegelung durchgeführt wurde, erhält er einen Hinweis darauf, daß sich der Transponder möglicherweise ebenfalls noch innen befindet.If the response code signal of the transponder 6 is received only by the antenna 5, but not by the antennas 2 and 3, it is clear that the transponder 6 is still inside the vehicle. In this case, the locking request of the vehicle user is not carried out. Since the driver receives no information in this case that the locking has been carried out, he receives an indication that the transponder may also still be inside.

Empfangen zwei der drei Antennen, d.h. die Antennen 2 und 5 bzw. 3 und 5 gleichzeitig das Antwortsignal des Transponders 6, so befindet sich dieser im Überlagerungsbereich der beiden Antennen. Aufgrund der Gefahr, daß sich der Transponder dann noch im Innern des Fahrzeugs, beispielsweise in einer Tür-Seitentasche befindet, wird auch in diesem Fall der Verriegelungswunsch des Fahrzeugbenutzers nicht ausgeführt und das Fahrzeug nicht verriegelt. In diesem Fall wird durch ein nachfolgendes im Transponder 6 auslösbares Frage-Antwort-Codesignal eine evtl. Positionsänderung des Transponders 6 festgestellt und dessen Position eindeutig identifiziert. Auch hier wird die Verriegelung nur dann durchgeführt, wenn sich der Transponder 6 eindeutig außerhalb des Fahrzeugs befindet, d.h. nur mit einer der Antennen 2 oder 3 das Antwort-Codesignal des Transponders 6 aufgenommen wird. Anstelle oder ergänzend zur Positionsbestimmung des Transponders 6 mit Hilfe der Antennen 2, 3 und 5 kann auch aus den Feldstärkeänderungen und insbesondere aus dem Feldstärkeänderungsverlauf von Codesignalen, die nacheinander vom Transponder 6 ausgesandt werden, eine Bewegungstendenz dieses Transponders erkannt werden und damit nach dem der Fahrzeugbenutzer aus dem Fahrzeug ausgestiegen ist, eine Lageänderung des Transponders 6 erkannt werden. Eine derartige Lageänderung ist nur dann möglich, wenn sich der Fahrzeugbenutzer außerhalb des Fahrzeugs befindet.If two of the three antennas, that is to say antennas 2 and 5 or 3 and 5, receive the response signal of transponder 6 at the same time, then this is located in the overlapping area of the two antennas. Due to the risk that the transponder is still inside the vehicle, for example in a door side pocket, the locking request of the vehicle user is not carried out and the vehicle is not locked in this case either. In this case, a possible change in position of the transponder 6 is determined by a subsequent question-answer code signal that can be triggered in the transponder 6, and its position is clearly identified. Here too, locking is only carried out when the transponder 6 is clearly outside the vehicle, ie the response code signal of the transponder 6 is received only with one of the antennas 2 or 3. Instead of or in addition to determining the position of the transponder 6 with the aid of the antennas 2, 3 and 5, a movement tendency of this transponder can also be recognized from the field strength changes and in particular from the field strength change course of code signals which are transmitted by the transponder 6, and thus according to that of the vehicle user has got out of the vehicle, a change in position of the transponder 6 can be detected. Such a change of location is only possible if the vehicle user is outside the vehicle.

Ergänzend, nicht dargestellt, können die Antennen 2,3 und 5 nur als reine Sendeantennen ausgebildet sein. Sie senden ein Frage-Codesignal zum Transponder, das dieser mit einem Antwort-Codesignal beantwortet. Dieses Signal wird mit Hilfe einer nicht dargestellten Antenne, die sich zentral im Fahrzeuginnern befindet, aufgenommen. Der Sendebetrieb der Antennen 2,3 und 5 kann sequentiell vorgenommen werden. Bedingt durch die unterschiedlichen Ausrichtungen der Antennen kann, abgesehen von den ggf. vorhandenen kleinen Überlappungsbereichen je zweier Antennen 2 und 5 bzw. 3 und 5 der Transponder nur das Frage-Codesignal einer der Antennen empfangen. Ist das Frage-Codesignal zusätzlich mit einer Kennung für die jeweils sendende Antenne versehen, so kann der Transponder auch erkennen, von welcher Antenne das Frage-Codesignal ausgesandt wird. Die Beseitigung der Gefahr einer Benutzung des Fahrzeugs durch einen nicht-autorisierten Benutzer im Falle eines im Fahrzeuginnern befindlichen Transponders kann dann, wie bereits erläutert, dadurch erreicht werden, daß der Transponder nur auf Frage-Codesignale antwortet, die von den Antennen 2 bzw. 3 ausgesandt werden.In addition, not shown, the antennas 2, 3 and 5 can only be designed as pure transmit antennas. You send a question code signal to the transponder, which the transponder answers with an answer code signal. This signal is recorded using an antenna, not shown, which is located centrally in the vehicle interior. The transmit operation of antennas 2, 3 and 5 can be carried out sequentially. Due to the different orientations of the antennas, apart from the small overlap areas that may exist, two antennas 2 and 5 or 3 and 5, the transponder can only receive the question code signal of one of the antennas. If the question code signal is additionally provided with an identifier for the respective transmitting antenna, the transponder can also recognize which antenna is sending the question code signal. The elimination of the risk of the vehicle being used by an unauthorized user in the case of a transponder located inside the vehicle can then, as already explained, be achieved in that the transponder only responds to question code signals which are transmitted by antennas 2 and 3 be sent out.

Claims (7)

Verfahren zum Erkennen eines im Fahrzeuginnern eingeschlossenen tragbaren Transponders für ein schlüsselloses Zutrittssystem für Fahrzeuge, bei dem über einen beim Verriegeln ausgelösten Frage- Antwort-Dialog die Position des Transponders erkannt wird und ggf. ein Signal ausgelöst wird, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Dialog mit der Aufgabe eines Verriegelungsbefehls ausgelöst wird und daß die Verriegelung erst durchgeführt wird, wenn der Transponder außerhalb des Fahrzeugs erkannt wird.Method for recognizing a portable transponder enclosed in the vehicle for a keyless entry system for vehicles, in which the position of the transponder is recognized and, if necessary, a signal is triggered via a question-answer dialog triggered when locking, characterized in that the dialog with the Task of a locking command is triggered and that the locking is only carried out when the transponder is recognized outside the vehicle. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Verriegelung unmittelbar bei Erkennen des Transponders als außerhalb des Fahrzeugs befindlich durchgeführt wird.A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the locking is carried out immediately upon detection of the transponder as being outside the vehicle. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2 dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Position des Transponders durch Auswertung des Feldstärkeverlaufs des vom Transponder ausgesandten Codesignals bestimmt wird.Method according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the position of the transponder is determined by evaluating the field strength curve of the code signal emitted by the transponder. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Position des Transponders mittels zweier stationärer Antennen des Fahrzeugs erkannt wird, die auf den Innen- bzw. auf den Außenraum gerichtet sind, die einen wenn überhaupt kleinen Überlappungsbereich besitzen und die einzeln oder gemeinsam ein Codesignal des Transponders empfangen oder aktivieren.Method according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the position of the transponder is detected by means of two stationary antennas of the vehicle, which are directed towards the interior or the exterior, which have a small if any overlap area and which individually or receive or activate a code signal from the transponder together. Verfahren nach Anspruch 3 oder 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Antennen sequentiell ein Fragecodesignal mit einem die Lage der Antennen charakterisierenden Signalanteil aussenden.Method according to Claim 3 or 4, characterized in that the antennas sequentially emit a question code signal with a signal component which characterizes the position of the antennas. Verfahren nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Transponder nur auf ein Fragecodesignal der auf den Außenraum gerichteten Antenne beantwortet.Method according to Claim 5, characterized in that the transponder only responds to a question code signal from the antenna directed towards the outside. Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die auf den Außenraum gerichtete Antenne in einem Außenspiegel und die auf den Innenraum gerichtete Antenne in einer Mittelkonsole des Fahrzeugs angeordnet sind und daß das vom Transponder ausgesandte und über eine Antenne des Fahrzeugs aufgenommene Codesignal einer Codesignalvergleichseinrichtung zugeführt ist.Apparatus for carrying out the method according to claim 4, characterized in that the antenna directed towards the outside is arranged in an outside mirror and the antenna directed towards the inside in a center console of the vehicle, and in that the code signal transmitted by the transponder and received via an antenna of the vehicle a code signal comparison device is supplied.
EP92111927A 1991-07-17 1992-07-14 Method for detecting portable transmitter left inside vehicle Expired - Lifetime EP0523602B1 (en)

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DE4123654A DE4123654A1 (en) 1991-07-17 1991-07-17 METHOD FOR DETECTING A PORTABLE TRANSPONDER INCLUDED IN THE VEHICLE
DE4123654 1991-07-17

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EP0523602B1 EP0523602B1 (en) 1996-02-21

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EP0523602B1 (en) 1996-02-21
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