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EP0509134B1 - Process and installation for the thermal processing of waste materials contaminated with organic components particularly scrap metal - Google Patents

Process and installation for the thermal processing of waste materials contaminated with organic components particularly scrap metal Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0509134B1
EP0509134B1 EP91115548A EP91115548A EP0509134B1 EP 0509134 B1 EP0509134 B1 EP 0509134B1 EP 91115548 A EP91115548 A EP 91115548A EP 91115548 A EP91115548 A EP 91115548A EP 0509134 B1 EP0509134 B1 EP 0509134B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
stage
gas
installation
pyrolysis
temperature gasification
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP91115548A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0509134A2 (en
EP0509134A3 (en
Inventor
Heiner Sass
Paul Dipl.-Ing. Dr. Freimann
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Pka Umwelttechnik & Co Kg GmbH
Original Assignee
Pka Umwelttech & Co KG GmbH
Pka Umwelttechnik & Co Kg GmbH
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Publication of EP0509134A3 publication Critical patent/EP0509134A3/en
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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/58—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels combined with pre-distillation of the fuel
    • C10J3/60—Processes
    • C10J3/64—Processes with decomposition of the distillation products
    • C10J3/66—Processes with decomposition of the distillation products by introducing them into the gasification zone
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • C10B53/00—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/58—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels combined with pre-distillation of the fuel
    • C10J3/60—Processes
    • C10J3/62—Processes with separate withdrawal of the distillation products
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10K—PURIFYING OR MODIFYING THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF COMBUSTIBLE GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE
    • C10K1/00—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide
    • C10K1/002—Removal of contaminants
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10K—PURIFYING OR MODIFYING THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF COMBUSTIBLE GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE
    • C10K1/00—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide
    • C10K1/002—Removal of contaminants
    • C10K1/003—Removal of contaminants of acid contaminants, e.g. acid gas removal
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10K—PURIFYING OR MODIFYING THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF COMBUSTIBLE GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE
    • C10K1/00—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide
    • C10K1/02—Dust removal
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10K—PURIFYING OR MODIFYING THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF COMBUSTIBLE GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE
    • C10K1/00—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide
    • C10K1/08—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide by washing with liquids; Reviving the used wash liquors
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
    • C10J2300/0903—Feed preparation
    • C10J2300/0906—Physical processes, e.g. shredding, comminuting, chopping, sorting
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
    • C10J2300/0913—Carbonaceous raw material
    • C10J2300/0946—Waste, e.g. MSW, tires, glass, tar sand, peat, paper, lignite, oil shale
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/12—Heating the gasifier
    • C10J2300/1223—Heating the gasifier by burners
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/16—Integration of gasification processes with another plant or parts within the plant
    • C10J2300/164—Integration of gasification processes with another plant or parts within the plant with conversion of synthesis gas
    • C10J2300/1643—Conversion of synthesis gas to energy
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/18—Details of the gasification process, e.g. loops, autothermal operation
    • C10J2300/1807—Recycle loops, e.g. gas, solids, heating medium, water
    • C10J2300/1823—Recycle loops, e.g. gas, solids, heating medium, water for synthesis gas

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for the thermal treatment of waste contaminated with organic components. First and foremost, it is about the processing of metal scrap, namely the scrap that accumulates in a car shredder, in particular also aluminum scrap that is contaminated by the organic plastics used in automobile construction.
  • a high temperature gasification stage is also known as a single system (e.g. EP-A-0257018). However, a high proportion of free primary energy is required.
  • the invention is based on the object of specifying a method or a system for the thermal treatment of waste contaminated with organic components, in which, in addition to the reusable substances, waste materials to be disposed of with as little energy expenditure as possible are generated with as little effort as possible.
  • the pyrolysis gas produced in the smoldering stage is cleaned in the subsequent high-temperature gasification stage and converted into the marketable products heating gas and glazed slag.
  • the supply of primary energy to the high-temperature gasification stage is minimized by the supply of the pyrolysis gas produced in the carbonization stage and, depending on the proportion of organic substances, can even go to zero.
  • the heating gas produced in the high-temperature gasification stage is advantageously freed of undesired components before it is used for energy purposes.
  • a denitrification system, as well as a dioxin filter can then be dispensed with under certain circumstances. If a gas cleaning system is arranged, the gas is of course returned to the carbonization stage after the gas has been cleaned.
  • the invention also relates to a plant for carrying out the method described in claims 2 to 5.
  • the above statements relating to a method apply mutatis mutandis.
  • the scrap 1 contaminated with organic components is fed to a pre-comminution system 2 and comminuted there to piece sizes of a maximum of 5 cm. Larger pieces can be returned to the entrance of the pre-shredding unit 2.
  • the shredded scrap is then fed to a carbonization stage 3, which is operated at a temperature of approximately 550 ° to 600 ° C.
  • the level 3 is possibly Energy 21 and air or oxygen 22 supplied.
  • the solids 5 are separated from the pyrolysis gas 4 by pyrolysis.
  • the solids 5 are then separated into reusable metal 7 and pyrolysis coke 8 in a mechanical processing stage 6.
  • the cleaned metal 7 can be fed to a smelter as pure scrap.
  • the pyrolysis coke 8 comes into a high-temperature gasification stage 14.
  • the pyrolysis gas 4 also comes from the carbonization stage 3.
  • the high-temperature gasification stage 14 also has supply lines for energy 23 and an oxidizing agent 9, e.g. Air or oxygen, and possibly also for coke 10.
  • the pyrolysis gas 4 is supplied via a burner.
  • the treatment in the high-temperature gasification stage 14 takes place at a temperature of approx. 1600 ° C.
  • a glazed building material 19 and energy 20 are obtained, which can be given to consumers.
  • the heating gas 11 obtained in the high-temperature gasification stage 14 is fed to a gas cleaning system 13, where it is freed of undesirable additions, for example of HCl, HF, dust and dust constituents.
  • the gas purified in this way is then subjected to an energetic use 12, e.g. in the form of a boiler.
  • a portion 17 of the cleaned gas is returned to carbonization stage 3 and minimizes the supply of primary energy.
  • the energy obtained in the energetic use 12 is given to the consumer together with the energy 20 obtained in the high-temperature gasification stage.
  • a flue gas desulfurization system 16 is connected downstream of the energetic use 12, but this only happens as required.
  • the flue gas desulfurization system 16 can also be supplied with the flue gas 18 obtained in the carbonization stage 3. After desulfurization, the flue gas 24 goes into the atmosphere, optionally with the interposition of further filters.
  • the invention has been explained above on the basis of the processing of metal scrap. However, the invention can also be used in the treatment of other waste, household waste and special waste.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
  • Gasification And Melting Of Waste (AREA)
  • Treating Waste Gases (AREA)
  • Gas Separation By Absorption (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)

Abstract

A process and installation are described in which wastes, particularly scrap metal, contaminated with organic components are converted by means of a series arrangement of a carbonisation stage and a high-temperature gasification stage with the lowest possible energy consumption into re-usable materials and waste materials suitable for low-cost disposal.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum thermischen Aufbereiten von mit organischen Komponenten verunreinigten Abfällen. In erster Linie geht es dabei um die Aufbereitung von Metallschrott, und zwar um den in einer Autoschredderanlage anfallenden Schrott, insbesondere auch um Aluminiumschrott, der durch die beim Autobau verwendeten organischen Kunststoffe verunreinigt ist.The invention relates to a method for the thermal treatment of waste contaminated with organic components. First and foremost, it is about the processing of metal scrap, namely the scrap that accumulates in a car shredder, in particular also aluminum scrap that is contaminated by the organic plastics used in automobile construction.

Aus der DE-A- 36 35 068 ist ein Verfahren zur thermischen Entsorgung von mit Schadstoffen kontaminiertem Gut bekannt. Als Beispiele für zu entsorgende Güter sind Erde, Müll, Sonderabfall und Klärschlamm genannt. Bei dem bekannten Verfahren werden alle im Gut befindlichen verflüchtigbaren Stoffe in Gas- und/oder in Dampfform überführt und von den festen Entsorgungsprodukten getrennt, wobei die beim Entgasungsprozeß anfallenden, von den festen Entgasungsprodukten getrennten flüchtigen Stoffe, bevor sie zur Verbrennung der festen Entgasungsprodukte der Hochtemperaturstufe zugeführt werden, über ein bei Temperaturen von etwa 1200°C reduzierend unter Luftabschluß betriebenes festes Koksbett geleitet und anschließend weitergereinigt werden. Die Verwendung bei der Aufbereitung insbesondere von Metallschrott ist bei dem bekannten Verfahren nicht erwähnt.From DE-A-36 35 068 a method for the thermal disposal of material contaminated with pollutants is known. Earth, waste, hazardous waste and sewage sludge are mentioned as examples of goods to be disposed of. In the known method, all of the volatile substances in the well are converted into gas and / or vapor form and separated from the solid disposal products, the volatile substances resulting from the degassing process being separated from the solid degassing products before they are used to burn the solid degassing products at the high-temperature stage are fed, passed over a fixed coke bed operated at temperatures of about 1200 ° C reducing with exclusion of air and then further cleaned. The use in the processing of metal scrap in particular is not mentioned in the known method.

Als Einzelsystem ist auch eine Hochtemperaturvergasungsstufe bekannt (z.B. EP-A-0257018). Dabei wird aber ein hoher Anteil von freier Primärenergie benötigt.A high temperature gasification stage is also known as a single system (e.g. EP-A-0257018). However, a high proportion of free primary energy is required.

An sich bekannt sind auch Verschwelungsstufen (z.B. GB-A-1562492). Dabei ist aber die Reinigung des Pyrolysegases und des Abwassers problematisch, und außerdem muß der Pyrolysekoks aufwendig entsorgt werden.Blurring levels are also known per se (for example GB-A-1562492). However, the cleaning of the pyrolysis gas and the waste water is problematic, and in addition the pyrolysis coke has to be disposed of at great expense.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Verfahren bzw. eine Anlage zum thermischen Aufbereiten von mit organischen Komponenten verunreinigten Abfällen anzugeben, bei dem bzw. bei der mit möglichst geringem Energieaufwand neben den wiederverwendbaren Stoffen nur mit möglichst geringem Aufwand zu entsorgende Abfallstoffe anfallen.The invention is based on the object of specifying a method or a system for the thermal treatment of waste contaminated with organic components, in which, in addition to the reusable substances, waste materials to be disposed of with as little energy expenditure as possible are generated with as little effort as possible.

Die Lösung dieser Aufgabe wird mit den im Anspruch 1 angegebenen Merkmalen erreicht.This object is achieved with the features specified in claim 1.

Aus dem im Anspruch 1 beschriebenen System werden nach außen abgegeben:
Aus der der Verschwelungsstufe nachgeordneten mechanischen Aufbereitung gereinigtes Gut, das z.B. in Form von reinem Schrott zum Schmelzwerk abgegeben wird;
aus der Hochtemperaturvergasungsstufe verglaster Baustoff und Verbraucherenergie;
am Ende des Systems Rauchgas.From the system described in claim 1 are released to the outside:
Goods cleaned from the mechanical treatment downstream of the smoldering stage, which is released to the smelter, for example in the form of pure scrap;
glazed building material and consumer energy from the high-temperature gasification stage;
at the end of the system flue gas.

Das in der Verschwelungsstufe anfallende Pyrolysegas wird in der nachfolgenden Hochtemperaturvergasungsstufe gereinigt und zu den vermarktbaren Produkten Heizgas und verglaste Schlacke umgesetzt. Die Zufuhr von Primärenergie zur Hochtemperaturvergasungsstufe wird durch die Zufuhr des in der Verschwelungsstufe anfallenden Pyrolysegases minimiert und kann in Abhängigkeit von dem Anteil an organischen Stoffen sogar gegen Null gehen.The pyrolysis gas produced in the smoldering stage is cleaned in the subsequent high-temperature gasification stage and converted into the marketable products heating gas and glazed slag. The supply of primary energy to the high-temperature gasification stage is minimized by the supply of the pyrolysis gas produced in the carbonization stage and, depending on the proportion of organic substances, can even go to zero.

Außerdem wird das Einschleusen in die Hochtemperaturvergasungsstufe vereinfacht, weil an festen Bestandteilen nur noch Pyrolysekoks zugeführt wird.In addition, the introduction into the high-temperature gasification stage is simplified because only pyrolysis coke is added to solid components.

Insgesamt wird mit dem beanspruchten Verfahren mit der Anordnung und funktionellen Verbindung von teilweise an sich bekannten Einzelstufen ein besonders vorteilhaftes Gesamtergebnis erreicht.Overall, a particularly advantageous overall result is achieved with the claimed method with the arrangement and functional connection of individual stages, some of which are known per se.

Vorteilhafte weitere Ausbildungen des Verfahrens nach Anspruch 1 sind Gegenstand der Ansprüche 2 bis 5.Advantageous further developments of the method according to claim 1 are the subject of claims 2 to 5.

So wird in vorteilhafter Weise das in der Hochtemperaturvergasungsstufe anfallende Heizgas in einer Gasreinigungsanlage von unerwünschten Komponenten befreit, bevor es einer energetischen Verwendung zugeführt wird. Auf eine Entstickungsanlage, wie auch auf einen Dioxinfilter kann dann unter Umständen verzichtet werden. Bei Anordnung einer Gasreinigungsanlage erfolgt selbstverständlich die Rückführung des Gases in die Verschwelungsstufe nach dem Reinigen des Gases.In a gas cleaning system, the heating gas produced in the high-temperature gasification stage is advantageously freed of undesired components before it is used for energy purposes. A denitrification system, as well as a dioxin filter can then be dispensed with under certain circumstances. If a gas cleaning system is arranged, the gas is of course returned to the carbonization stage after the gas has been cleaned.

Die Erfindung betrifft auch eine Anlage zum Durchführen des in den Ansprüchen 2 bis 5 beschriebenen Verfahrens. Für die in den Ansprüchen 6 bis 8 beschriebene Anlage gelten sinngemäß die vorstehenden, sich auf ein Verfahren beziehenden Ausführungen.The invention also relates to a plant for carrying out the method described in claims 2 to 5. For the system described in claims 6 to 8, the above statements relating to a method apply mutatis mutandis.

Im folgenden wird die Erfindung anhand eines in der einzigen Zeichnungsfigur schematisch dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiels näher erläutert, wobei es beim Ausführungsbeispiel um das Aufbereiten von Metallschrott geht.The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to an exemplary embodiment which is shown schematically in the single drawing figure, the exemplary embodiment relating to the processing of metal scrap.

Der mit organischen Komponenten verunreinigte Schrott 1 wird einer Vorzerkleinerungsanlage 2 zugeführt und dort auf Stückgrößen von maximal 5 cm zerkleinert. Größere Stücke können noch einmal in den Zugang der Vorzerkleinerungsanlage 2 zurückgeführt werden.The scrap 1 contaminated with organic components is fed to a pre-comminution system 2 and comminuted there to piece sizes of a maximum of 5 cm. Larger pieces can be returned to the entrance of the pre-shredding unit 2.

Der zerkleinerte Schrott wird dann einer Verschwelungsstufe 3 zugeführt, die mit einer Temperatur von ca. 550° bis 600°C betrieben wird. Der Verschwelungsstufe 3 wird gegebenenfalls Energie 21 und Luft bzw. Sauerstoff 22 zugeführt. In der Verschwelungsstufe 3 werden durch Pyrolyse die Feststoffe 5 vom Pyrolysegas 4 getrennt.The shredded scrap is then fed to a carbonization stage 3, which is operated at a temperature of approximately 550 ° to 600 ° C. The level 3 is possibly Energy 21 and air or oxygen 22 supplied. In the smoldering stage 3, the solids 5 are separated from the pyrolysis gas 4 by pyrolysis.

Die Feststoffe 5 werden anschließend in einer mechanischen Aufbereitungsstufe 6 in wiederverwendbares Metall 7 und Pyrolysekoks 8 getrennt.The solids 5 are then separated into reusable metal 7 and pyrolysis coke 8 in a mechanical processing stage 6.

Das gereinigte Metall 7 kann als Reinschrott einem Schmelzwerk zugeführt werden.The cleaned metal 7 can be fed to a smelter as pure scrap.

Der Pyrolysekoks 8 kommt in eine Hochtemperaturvergasungsstufe 14. Dorthin gelangt aus der Verschwelungsstufe 3 auch das Pyrolysegas 4. Weiter hat die Hochtemperaturvergasungsstufe 14 auch Zufuhrleitungen für Energie 23 und ein Oxidationsmittel 9, z.B. Luft bzw. Sauerstoff, und gegebenenfalls auch für Hüttenkoks 10.The pyrolysis coke 8 comes into a high-temperature gasification stage 14. The pyrolysis gas 4 also comes from the carbonization stage 3. The high-temperature gasification stage 14 also has supply lines for energy 23 and an oxidizing agent 9, e.g. Air or oxygen, and possibly also for coke 10.

Ein Großteil des Energiebedarfs oder im Idealfall der gesamte Energiebedarf sind durch das Pyrolysegas gedeckt. Der Deckungsfaktor hängt ab vom Anteil der organischen Stoffe. Über Schleusen muß der Hochtemperaturvergasungsstufe nur der Pyrolysekoks 8 zugeführt werden. Die Zuführung des Pyrolysegases 4 erfolgt über einen Brenner.A large part of the energy requirement or ideally the entire energy requirement is covered by the pyrolysis gas. The coverage factor depends on the proportion of organic substances. The high-temperature gasification stage only has to be fed to the pyrolysis coke 8 via locks. The pyrolysis gas 4 is supplied via a burner.

Die Behandlung in der Hochtemperaturvergasungsstufe 14 erfolgt bei einer Temperatur von ca. 1600°C. Dabei werden ein verglaster Baustoff 19 und Energie 20 gewonnen, die an Verbraucher abgegeben werden können.The treatment in the high-temperature gasification stage 14 takes place at a temperature of approx. 1600 ° C. A glazed building material 19 and energy 20 are obtained, which can be given to consumers.

Das in der Hochtemperaturvergasungsstufe 14 anfallende Heizgas 11 wird einer Gasreinigungsanlage 13 zugeführt, wo es von unerwünschten Beimengungen z.B. von HCl, HF, Staub und Staubinhaltsstoffen befreit wird.The heating gas 11 obtained in the high-temperature gasification stage 14 is fed to a gas cleaning system 13, where it is freed of undesirable additions, for example of HCl, HF, dust and dust constituents.

Das so gereinigte Gas wird anschließend einer energetischen Verwendung 12, z.B. in Form eines Heizkessels, zugeführt. Ein Teil 17 des gereinigten Gases wird zur Verschwelungsstufe 3 zurückgeführt und minimiert die Zufuhr von Primärenergie.The gas purified in this way is then subjected to an energetic use 12, e.g. in the form of a boiler. A portion 17 of the cleaned gas is returned to carbonization stage 3 and minimizes the supply of primary energy.

Die in der energetischen Verwendung 12 gewonnene Energie wird zusammen mit der in der Hochtemperaturvergasungsstufe gewonnenen Energie 20 an Verbraucher abgegeben.The energy obtained in the energetic use 12 is given to the consumer together with the energy 20 obtained in the high-temperature gasification stage.

Der energetischen Verwendung 12 ist eine Rauchgasentschwefelungsanlage 16 nachgeschaltet, was aber nur bedarfsweise geschieht. Der Rauchgasentschwefelungsanlage 16 kann auch das in der Verschwelungsstufe 3 anfallende Rauchgas 18 zugeführt werden. Nach der Entschwefelung geht das Rauchgas 24 gegebenenfalls unter Zwischenschaltung weiterer Filter in die Atmosphäre.A flue gas desulfurization system 16 is connected downstream of the energetic use 12, but this only happens as required. The flue gas desulfurization system 16 can also be supplied with the flue gas 18 obtained in the carbonization stage 3. After desulfurization, the flue gas 24 goes into the atmosphere, optionally with the interposition of further filters.

Vorstehend ist die Erfindung anhand der Aufbereitung von Metallschrott erläutert worden. Die Erfindung kann aber auch bei der Aufbereitung sonstiger Abfälle, von Hausmüll und Sondermüll eingesetzt werden.The invention has been explained above on the basis of the processing of metal scrap. However, the invention can also be used in the treatment of other waste, household waste and special waste.

Claims (8)

  1. A method of thermally processing waste materials contaminated with organic components, particularly scrap metal, comprising the steps of:
    (1) said scrap is broken into pieces of a maximum size of 5 cms;
    (2) separation into solid materials (5) and pyrolysis gas (4) is accomplished in a carbonizing stage (3) operated at a temperature of approximately 550° to 600° C;
    (3) said solid materials (5) are separated in a mechanical processing stage (6) into pure metal (7) and pyrolysis coke (8);
    (4) said pyrolysis coke (8) together with said pyrolysis gas (4) obtained from said carbonizing stage (3) in a high temperature gasification stage (14) under supply of an oxidizing agent (9) and possibly of metallurgical coke (10), is converted into fuel gas (11) free of organic materials.
  2. The method of claim 1, characterized in that said high temperature gasification stage (14) is operated at a temperature of approximately 1600° C.
  3. The method of claim 1 or 2, characterized in that said fuel gas (11) is freed of undesired components. such as HCl, HF, as well as dust prior to its energetic use (12) in a gas purifier.
  4. The method of claim 3, characterized in that a portion of said gas (17) purified in said gas purifier (13) is fed back into said carboniz-ing stage (3).
  5. The method of claim 4, characterized in that the flue gas (15) developing during the energetic usage (12) is desulfurated in a desulfurization installation (16), possibly together with the flue gas (18) from said carbonizing stage (3).
  6. An installation for carrying out the method according to claim 1, having the following processing stages sequentially arranged:
    (1) a pre-breaking means (2);
    (2) a carbonizing stage (3) operated at a temperature of between approximately 500° to 600° C, comprising lines and conduits for supplying energy (21) fed externally, air or oxygen (22), respectively, and for a gas (17) fed back from the system;
    (3) a high temperature gasification stage (14) operating at approximately 1600° C and comprising lines and conduits for supplying energy (23), an oxidizing agent (9) and pyrolysis coke (8).
  7. The installation of claim 6, characterized in that a gas purifier (13) and a heating furnace (12) are arranged downstream of said high temperature gasification stage (14).
  8. The installation of claim 7. characterized in that a flue gas desulfu-rization installation (16) is arranged downstream of said heating furnace (12).
EP91115548A 1991-04-17 1991-09-13 Process and installation for the thermal processing of waste materials contaminated with organic components particularly scrap metal Expired - Lifetime EP0509134B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4112593A DE4112593C2 (en) 1991-04-17 1991-04-17 Process and plant for the thermal treatment of metal scrap contaminated with organic components
DE4112593 1991-04-17

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0509134A2 EP0509134A2 (en) 1992-10-21
EP0509134A3 EP0509134A3 (en) 1993-01-13
EP0509134B1 true EP0509134B1 (en) 1994-06-08

Family

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP91115548A Expired - Lifetime EP0509134B1 (en) 1991-04-17 1991-09-13 Process and installation for the thermal processing of waste materials contaminated with organic components particularly scrap metal

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US5170725A (en)
EP (1) EP0509134B1 (en)
JP (1) JPH0824904B2 (en)
AT (1) ATE106935T1 (en)
DE (2) DE4112593C2 (en)
DK (1) DK0509134T3 (en)
ES (1) ES2056544T3 (en)

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DE4308551A1 (en) * 1993-03-17 1994-01-05 Siemens Ag Thermal waste disposal process - involves gasification of carbonisation fines to reduce process costs
DE4418562A1 (en) * 1993-06-29 1995-01-12 Leybold Durferrit Gmbh Method and device for treating material consisting essentially of plastic or rubber
DE4325081A1 (en) * 1993-07-22 1995-01-26 Video Computer Recycling Process and apparatus for the disposal of liquid-crystal substances from liquid-crystal displays
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CN1133040C (en) 1996-06-25 2003-12-31 株式会社荏原制作所 Method for fusion treating a solid waste for gasification
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE4112593C2 (en) 1995-03-23
DK0509134T3 (en) 1994-09-26
EP0509134A2 (en) 1992-10-21
ATE106935T1 (en) 1994-06-15
DE59101878D1 (en) 1994-07-14
JPH0824904B2 (en) 1996-03-13
ES2056544T3 (en) 1994-10-01
EP0509134A3 (en) 1993-01-13
US5170725A (en) 1992-12-15
DE4112593A1 (en) 1992-10-22
JPH04326974A (en) 1992-11-16

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