EP0506051A1 - Interlining reinforced with polyester filaments - Google Patents
Interlining reinforced with polyester filaments Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0506051A1 EP0506051A1 EP92105219A EP92105219A EP0506051A1 EP 0506051 A1 EP0506051 A1 EP 0506051A1 EP 92105219 A EP92105219 A EP 92105219A EP 92105219 A EP92105219 A EP 92105219A EP 0506051 A1 EP0506051 A1 EP 0506051A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- nonwoven
- yarns
- reinforced
- nonwoven fabric
- filament
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- -1 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920000139 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007596 consolidation process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000930 thermomechanical effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 description 5
- QQVIHTHCMHWDBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N isophthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC(C(O)=O)=C1 QQVIHTHCMHWDBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000002009 diols Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Malonic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Terephthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=C(C(O)=O)C=C1 KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N adipic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCC(O)=O WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000010426 asphalt Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000001142 dicarboxylic acid group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002557 mineral fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012783 reinforcing fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- CXMXRPHRNRROMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N sebacic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O CXMXRPHRNRROMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- RTBFRGCFXZNCOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methylsulfonylpiperidin-4-one Chemical compound CS(=O)(=O)N1CCC(=O)CC1 RTBFRGCFXZNCOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011037 adipic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000001361 adipic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- JFCQEDHGNNZCLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N anhydrous glutaric acid Natural products OC(=O)CCCC(O)=O JFCQEDHGNNZCLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- CDQSJQSWAWPGKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N butane-1,1-diol Chemical compound CCCC(O)O CDQSJQSWAWPGKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003490 calendering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010411 cooking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000032798 delamination Effects 0.000 description 1
- MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCO MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007380 fibre production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002657 fibrous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000003827 glycol group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003607 modifier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000051 modifying effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phthalic acid Chemical class OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(O)=O XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000151 polyglycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000010695 polyglycol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- ULWHHBHJGPPBCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N propane-1,1-diol Chemical compound CCC(O)O ULWHHBHJGPPBCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZIBGPFATKBEMQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCOCCO ZIBGPFATKBEMQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
- D04H3/005—Synthetic yarns or filaments
- D04H3/009—Condensation or reaction polymers
- D04H3/011—Polyesters
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
- D04H3/08—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating
- D04H3/14—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating with bonds between thermoplastic yarns or filaments produced by welding
- D04H3/147—Composite yarns or filaments
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H5/00—Non woven fabrics formed of mixtures of relatively short fibres and yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
- D04H5/04—Non woven fabrics formed of mixtures of relatively short fibres and yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length strengthened or consolidated by applying or incorporating chemical or thermo-activatable bonding agents in solid or liquid form
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H5/00—Non woven fabrics formed of mixtures of relatively short fibres and yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
- D04H5/06—Non woven fabrics formed of mixtures of relatively short fibres and yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length strengthened or consolidated by welding-together thermoplastic fibres, filaments, or yarns
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a filament-reinforced polyester nonwoven web, which is particularly suitable as an insert for bitumen membranes and roofing membranes.
- filament-reinforced nonwoven web denotes nonwoven webs in which linear fiber structures such as e.g. Filament bundles, monofilaments, yarns from stacks or continuous fibers, running essentially parallel and in a straight line, embedded or otherwise positively connected.
- Filament-reinforced nonwoven webs which are reinforced by parallel filaments in the manner of a warp thread group, are known from DE-A-22 38 394.
- This publication preferably relates to a carpet base made of glass fibers which is reinforced by warp threads, preferably made of nylon.
- DE-A-36 05 830 describes a carrier web made of a laminate which is composed of a polyester fleece and a mineral fiber fleece, the mineral fiber fleece being reinforced by longitudinal threads made of a mineral material, preferably of glass. Similar layered nonwovens with high modulus reinforcing fibers are described in DE-A-39 41 189.
- the materials known from these two publications contain reinforcing fibers, the force-elongation behavior of which differs greatly from that of the nonwoven filaments. This difference is deliberately used there to achieve the highest possible initial modulus of the laminate.
- the reinforcing yarn applied to the nonwoven is also used simultaneously as a binding fiber.
- the materials described in these documents show a tendency to delaminate under strong thermal and mechanical stress and are therefore less suitable for producing bituminized nonwoven webs.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a nonwoven fabric which exhibits high mechanical stability with a low basis weight and which offers very good processing properties both in the bituminization and in the further processing of the bituminized sheet.
- this object is achieved by a polyester nonwoven web consolidated by binders, which is reinforced by coulters of parallel reinforcing yarns, the nonwoven fabric consisting of polyester fibers and having a basis weight of 20-200 g / m 2 the reinforcement yarns running in parallel consist of polyester yarns and have a maximum tensile strength extension similar to the polyester fibers of the nonwoven fabric.
- the nonwoven fabric of the filament-reinforced nonwoven web according to the invention can consist of staple fibers or continuous fibers.
- nonwovens made from continuous fibers are preferred, in particular so-called spunbonds.
- the reinforcing yarns of the nonwoven web according to the invention preferably have a maximum tensile elongation of 20-60%.
- the fineness-related strength is 20 to 40 cN / tex, preferably 30 to 35 cN / tex.
- the filaments of the nonwoven and the Reinforcement yarns have a similar maximum tensile elongation. Similar in the sense of this invention means that the maximum tensile strength expansions of nonwoven and reinforcing yarn differ by no more than about 20 percentage points, preferably by no more than 10 percentage points, in particular by no more than 5 percentage points. In general, the maximum tensile elongation of the nonwoven filaments is chosen so that it is less than that of the reinforcing yarns.
- Nonwovens according to the invention in which a very high usage load is to be expected, can advantageously be reinforced with a yarn whose maximum tensile strength is below that of the nonwoven filaments.
- the titer of the reinforcing yarns is advantageously 50 to 200 dtex. In special cases, where a lower or a particularly high mechanical strength is desired, a lower or higher titer of the reinforcing yarns can of course also be indicated.
- the boiling shrinkage of the reinforcing yarns is preferably 5 to 10%.
- Their hot air shrinkage at 200 ° C is preferably 8 to 10%.
- the stated values of the cooking shrink and the hot air shrink at 200 ° C were carried out in accordance with the test standard DIN 53 866.
- the filament-reinforced nonwovens according to the invention contain 1 to 20, preferably 2 to 13 reinforcing yarns per cm of nonwoven width.
- polyester material In principle, all known types suitable for fiber production come into consideration as polyester material.
- Such polyesters consist predominantly of building blocks which are derived from aromatic dicarboxylic acids and from aliphatic diols.
- Common aromatic dicarboxylic acid building blocks are the divalent residues of benzenedicarboxylic acids, especially terephthalic acid and isophthalic acid;
- Common diols have 2-4 carbon atoms, with the ethylene glycol being particularly suitable.
- Nonwoven webs according to the invention which consist of a polyester material that consists of at least 85 mol% of polyethylene terephthalate are particularly advantageous.
- dicarboxylic acid units and Glycol units which act as so-called modifiers and which allow the person skilled in the art to specifically influence the physical and chemical properties of the filaments produced.
- dicarboxylic acid units are residues of isophthalic acid or of aliphatic dicarboxylic acid such as, for example, glutaric acid, adipic acid, sebacic acid;
- diol residues with a modifying action are those of longer-chain diols, for example of propanediol or butanediol, of di- or tri-ethylene glycol or, if present in small amounts, of polyglycol with a molecular weight of approximately 500-2000.
- Polyesters containing at least 95 mol% of polyethylene terephthalate are particularly preferred, in particular those made from unmodified PET.
- nonwovens according to the invention can be used as binders e.g. the usual polymers, which are applied in the form of dispersions, contain.
- binders e.g. the usual polymers, which are applied in the form of dispersions, contain.
- nonwovens according to the invention which are strengthened by melt binders or thermomechanically are particularly preferred.
- the nonwovens according to the invention are produced by depositing the fiber material on a moving storage surface.
- Known fiber storage members are used depending on whether staple fibers or, as preferred, continuous fibers are to be deposited.
- Spinning beams are expediently used for the storage of continuous fibers, from which a fiber curtain is spun into a spinning and stretching shaft, in which the fibers are simultaneously cooled and accelerated and thus stretched by a fluid flow.
- the reinforcing yarns are expediently introduced from a warp beam, from which the yarns run in between two non-woven layers, which are deposited on the same tray by two rows of storage elements arranged one behind the other in the transport direction.
- a device suitable for this method is in DE-A-23 10 542 and in DE-A-39 41 189 has been described.
- the selection of the reinforcing yarns used for the production of the filament-reinforced nonwovens according to the invention is based on the criteria specified above for these yarns.
- the nonwoven is solidified in a manner known per se by applying, for example spraying on, binder solutions or dispersions, or preferably by introducing melt binders and subsequent heat treatment at a temperature at which the melt binder melts and the supporting filaments of the nonwoven on them Crossing points connects.
- the melt binder is particularly advantageously introduced into the nonwoven in the form of binding filaments. These can be present as separate filaments if, for. B.
- spun out of separate openings of the spinning beam and evenly distributed in the draining fiber curtain or they can be present as a sheath or side of the supporting filaments or part of the supporting filaments if appropriate nozzle openings for spinning core-sheath filaments or side-on Side two-component filaments are provided in the spinning beam.
- thermomechanical consolidation which is also known per se and which is usually carried out by calendering with a hot calender.
- the nonwoven webs according to the invention show no tendency to delamination, even under extreme thermal-mechanical stress.
- the strength of the webs in the longitudinal direction far exceeds the usual values of nonwovens of comparable basis weight.
- the puncture resistance increases, as expressed in the punch penetration test according to DIN 54 307. This results in significantly improved workability and increased work safety when laying the bituminized roofing membranes according to the invention on the roof.
- Another object of the present invention is a bituminized roofing membrane and a bituminized roofing membrane which contains a filament-reinforced nonwoven fabric web according to the invention.
- bituminized roofing membranes or roofing membranes are produced by impregnating and / or coating the reinforcement membranes according to the invention with molten bitumen in a manner known per se.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft eine filamentverstärkte Polyester-Vliesstoffbahn, die insbesondere als Einlage für Bitumenbahnen sowie Dachunterspannbahnen geeignet ist.The present invention relates to a filament-reinforced polyester nonwoven web, which is particularly suitable as an insert for bitumen membranes and roofing membranes.
Die Gattungsbezeichnung "filamentverstärkte Vliesstoffbahn" bezeichnet Vliesstoffbahnen in denen lineare Fasergebilde wie z.B. Filamentbündel, Monofilamente Garne aus Stapel oder Endlosfasern, im wesentlichen parallel und geradlinig verlaufend, eingebettet oder anderweitig formschlüssig verbunden sind.The generic name "filament-reinforced nonwoven web" denotes nonwoven webs in which linear fiber structures such as e.g. Filament bundles, monofilaments, yarns from stacks or continuous fibers, running essentially parallel and in a straight line, embedded or otherwise positively connected.
Filamentverstärkte Vliesstoffbahnen, die durch parallel liegende Filamente in der Art einer Kettfadenschar verstärkt sind, sind aus der DE-A-22 38 394 bekannt. Diese Druckschrift bezieht sich vorzugsweise auf einen Teppichgrund aus Glasfasern der durch Kettfäden vorzugsweise aus Nylon verstärkt ist.
Die DE-A-36 05 830 beschreibt eine Trägerbahn aus einem Schichtstoff, der sich aus einem Polyestervlies und einem Mineralfaservlies zusammensetzt, wobei das Mineralfaservlies durch Längsfäden aus einem mineralischen Werkstoff, vorzugsweise aus Glas, verstärkt ist.
Ähnliche schichtförmige Vliesstoffe mit Hochmodulverstärkungsfasern werden in der DE-A-39 41 189 beschrieben. Die aus diesen beiden Druckschriften bekannten Materialien enthalten Verstärkungsfasern, deren Kraft-Dehnungsverhalten sich sehr stark von dem der Vliesstoff-Filamente unterscheidet. Dieser Unterschied wird dort bewußt genutzt, um einen möglichst hohen Anfangsmodul des Schichtstoffs zu erreichen. Bei dem in der DE-A-39 41 189 beschriebenen Vliesstoff wird das auf das Vlies aufgebrachte Verstärkungsgarn auch gleichzeitig als Bindefaser benutzt. Die in diesen Druckschriften beschriebenen Materialien zeigen unter starker thermischer und mechanischer Belastung eine Neigung zur Delaminierung und sind daher zur Herstellung bituminierter Vliesbahnen weniger geeignet.Filament-reinforced nonwoven webs, which are reinforced by parallel filaments in the manner of a warp thread group, are known from DE-A-22 38 394. This publication preferably relates to a carpet base made of glass fibers which is reinforced by warp threads, preferably made of nylon.
DE-A-36 05 830 describes a carrier web made of a laminate which is composed of a polyester fleece and a mineral fiber fleece, the mineral fiber fleece being reinforced by longitudinal threads made of a mineral material, preferably of glass.
Similar layered nonwovens with high modulus reinforcing fibers are described in DE-A-39 41 189. The materials known from these two publications contain reinforcing fibers, the force-elongation behavior of which differs greatly from that of the nonwoven filaments. This difference is deliberately used there to achieve the highest possible initial modulus of the laminate. In the nonwoven fabric described in DE-A-39 41 189, the reinforcing yarn applied to the nonwoven is also used simultaneously as a binding fiber. The materials described in these documents show a tendency to delaminate under strong thermal and mechanical stress and are therefore less suitable for producing bituminized nonwoven webs.
Eine Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es, einen Vliesstoff bereitzustellen, der bei geringem Flächengewicht hohe mechanische Stabilität zeigt und sowohl bei der Bituminierung als auch bei der Weiterverarbeitung der bituminierten Bahn sehr gute Verarbeitungseigenschaften bietet.An object of the present invention is to provide a nonwoven fabric which exhibits high mechanical stability with a low basis weight and which offers very good processing properties both in the bituminization and in the further processing of the bituminized sheet.
Erfindungsgemäß wird diese Aufgabe gelöst durch eine durch Binder verfestigte Polyester-Vliesstoffbahn, die durch Scharen parallel laufender Verstärkungsgarne verstärkt ist, wobei der Vliesstoff aus Polyesterfasern besteht und ein Flächengewicht von 20 -200 g/m² hat und
wobei die parallel laufenden Verstärkungsgarne aus Polyestergarnen bestehen und eine ähnliche Höchstzugkraftdehnung haben wie die Polyesterfasern des Vliesstoffes.According to the invention, this object is achieved by a polyester nonwoven web consolidated by binders, which is reinforced by coulters of parallel reinforcing yarns, the nonwoven fabric consisting of polyester fibers and having a basis weight of 20-200 g / m 2
the reinforcement yarns running in parallel consist of polyester yarns and have a maximum tensile strength extension similar to the polyester fibers of the nonwoven fabric.
Der Vliesstoff der erfindungsgemäßen filamentverstärkten Vliesstoffbahn kann aus Stapelfasern oder Endlosfasern bestehen. Bevorzugt sind jedoch Vliesstoffe aus Endlosfasern (Filamentvliesstoffe), insbesondere sog. Spunbonds.The nonwoven fabric of the filament-reinforced nonwoven web according to the invention can consist of staple fibers or continuous fibers. However, nonwovens made from continuous fibers (filament nonwovens) are preferred, in particular so-called spunbonds.
Die Verstärkungsgarne können im Prinzip Stapelfasergarne oder Filamentgarne (= Endlosfasergarne) sein, vorausgesetzt, daß sie die gewünschte Kombination von Höchstzugkraft und Höchstzugkraftdehnung haben.
Bevorzugt sind aufgrund ihrer vorteilhaften mechanischen Eigenschaften Filamentgarne.
Besonders bewährt als Verstärkungsgarn haben sich Garne aus vollorientierten Polyesterfilamenten (fully oriented yarns, "FOY"-Garne) wie sie in Chemiefasern/Textilindustrie 37/89, 1987, Seite 794 ff. beschrieben werden.
Die Filamente der Verstärkungsgarne können auch unrunde Querschnitte, wie z.B. multilobale, hantelförmige oder bändchenförmige Querschnitte, aufweisen.The reinforcement yarns can in principle be staple or filament yarns (= continuous fiber yarns), provided that they have the desired combination of maximum tensile strength and maximum tensile force elongation.
Filament yarns are preferred due to their advantageous mechanical properties.
Yarns made from fully oriented polyester filaments ("FOY" yarns), as described in chemical fibers / textile industry 37/89, 1987, page 794 ff., Have proven particularly useful as reinforcing yarns.
The filaments of the reinforcing yarns can also have non-circular cross sections, such as multilobal, dumbbell-shaped or ribbon-shaped cross sections.
Die Verstärkungsgarne der erfindungsgemäßen Vliesstoffbahn haben vorzugsweise eine Höchstzugkraftdehnung von 20 - 60 %. Die feinheitsbezogene Festigkeit beträgt 20 bis 40 cN/tex, vorzugsweise 30 bis 35 cN/tex.The reinforcing yarns of the nonwoven web according to the invention preferably have a maximum tensile elongation of 20-60%. The fineness-related strength is 20 to 40 cN / tex, preferably 30 to 35 cN / tex.
Von besonderer Bedeutung ist es, daß die Filamente des Vliesstoffs und die Verstärkungsgarne eine ähnliche Höchstzugkraftdehnung aufweisen. Ähnlich im Sinne dieser Erfindung bedeutet, daß die Höchstzugkraftdehnungen von Vliesstoff- und Verstärkungsgarn sich um nicht mehr als ca. 20 %-Punkte, vorzugsweise um nicht mehr als 10 %-Punkte insbesondere um nicht mehr als 5 %-Punkte unterscheiden. Im allgemeinen wählt man die Höchstzugkraftdehnung der Vliesstoff-Filamente so, daß sie geringer ist als die der Verstärkungsgarne. Erfindungsgemäße Vliesstoffe, bei denen eine sehr hohe Gebrauchsbelastung zu erwarten ist, können aber vorteilhafterweise mit einem Garn verstärkt werden, dessen Höchstzugkraftdehnung unter der der Vliesstoff-Filamente liegt.It is of particular importance that the filaments of the nonwoven and the Reinforcement yarns have a similar maximum tensile elongation. Similar in the sense of this invention means that the maximum tensile strength expansions of nonwoven and reinforcing yarn differ by no more than about 20 percentage points, preferably by no more than 10 percentage points, in particular by no more than 5 percentage points. In general, the maximum tensile elongation of the nonwoven filaments is chosen so that it is less than that of the reinforcing yarns. Nonwovens according to the invention, in which a very high usage load is to be expected, can advantageously be reinforced with a yarn whose maximum tensile strength is below that of the nonwoven filaments.
Der Titer der Verstärkungsgarne beträgt zweckmäßigerweise 50 bis 200 dtex. In speziellen Fällen, wo eine geringere oder eine besonders hohe mechanische Festigkeit erwünscht sind, kann natürlich auch ein geringerer oder höherer Titer der Verstärkungsgarne angezeigt sein.The titer of the reinforcing yarns is advantageously 50 to 200 dtex. In special cases, where a lower or a particularly high mechanical strength is desired, a lower or higher titer of the reinforcing yarns can of course also be indicated.
Vorzugsweise beträgt der Kochschrumpf der Verstärkungsgarne 5 bis 10 %. Ihr Heißluftschrumpf bei 200°C liegt vorzugsweise bei 8 bis 10 %.
Die angegebenen Werte des Kochschrumpfes und des Heißluftschrumpfes bei 200°C wurden gemäß der Prüfnorm DIN 53 866 durchgeführt.The boiling shrinkage of the reinforcing yarns is preferably 5 to 10%. Their hot air shrinkage at 200 ° C is preferably 8 to 10%.
The stated values of the cooking shrink and the hot air shrink at 200 ° C were carried out in accordance with the test standard DIN 53 866.
Die erfindungsgemäßen filamentverstärkten Vliesstoffe enthalten 1 bis 20, vorzugsweise 2 bis 13 Verstärkungsgarne pro cm Vliesbreite.The filament-reinforced nonwovens according to the invention contain 1 to 20, preferably 2 to 13 reinforcing yarns per cm of nonwoven width.
Als Polyestermaterial kommen im Prinzip alle zur Faserherstellung geeigneten bekannten Typen in Betracht. Derartige Polyester bestehen überwiegend aus Bausteinen, die sich von aromatischen Dicarbonsäuren und von aliphatischen Diolen ableiten. Gängige aromatische Dicarbonsäurebausteine sind die zweiwertigen Reste von Benzoldicarbonsäuren, insbesondere der Terephthalsäure und der Isophthalsäure; gängige Diole haben 2-4 C-Atome, wobei das Ethylenglycol besonders geeignet ist. Besonders vorteilhaft sind erfindungsgemäße Vliesstoffbahnen, die aus einem Polyestermaterial bestehen, daß zu mindestens 85 mol% aus Polyethylenterephthalat besteht. Die restlichen 15 mol% bauen sich dann aus Dicarbonsäureeinheiten und Glycoleinheiten auf, die als sogenannte Modifizierungsmittel wirken und die es dem Fachmann gestatten, die physikalischen und chemischen Eigenschaften der hergestellten Filamente gezielt zu beeinflussen. Beispiele für solche Dicarbonsäureeinheiten sind Reste der Isophthalsäure oder von aliphatischen Dicarbonsäure wie z.B. Glutarsäure, Adipinsäure, Sebazinsäure; Beispiele für modifizierend wirkende Diolreste sind solche von längerkettigen Diolen, z.B. von Propandiol oder Butandiol, von Di- oder Tri-ethylenglycol oder, sofern in geringer Menge vorhanden, von Polyglycol mit einem Molgewicht von ca. 500 - 2000.In principle, all known types suitable for fiber production come into consideration as polyester material. Such polyesters consist predominantly of building blocks which are derived from aromatic dicarboxylic acids and from aliphatic diols. Common aromatic dicarboxylic acid building blocks are the divalent residues of benzenedicarboxylic acids, especially terephthalic acid and isophthalic acid; Common diols have 2-4 carbon atoms, with the ethylene glycol being particularly suitable. Nonwoven webs according to the invention which consist of a polyester material that consists of at least 85 mol% of polyethylene terephthalate are particularly advantageous. The remaining 15 mol% are then made up of dicarboxylic acid units and Glycol units which act as so-called modifiers and which allow the person skilled in the art to specifically influence the physical and chemical properties of the filaments produced. Examples of such dicarboxylic acid units are residues of isophthalic acid or of aliphatic dicarboxylic acid such as, for example, glutaric acid, adipic acid, sebacic acid; Examples of diol residues with a modifying action are those of longer-chain diols, for example of propanediol or butanediol, of di- or tri-ethylene glycol or, if present in small amounts, of polyglycol with a molecular weight of approximately 500-2000.
Besonders bevorzugt sind Polyester, die mindesten 95 mol% Polyethylenterephthalat enthalten, insbesondere solche aus unmodifiziertem PET.Polyesters containing at least 95 mol% of polyethylene terephthalate are particularly preferred, in particular those made from unmodified PET.
Als Binder können die erfindungsgemäßen Vliesstoffe z.B. die üblichen Polymere, die in Form von Dispersionen appliziert werden, enthalten . Besonders bevorzugt sind jedoch solche erfindungsgemäßen Vliesstoffe, die durch Schmelzbinder oder thermomechanisch verfestigt sind.The nonwovens according to the invention can be used as binders e.g. the usual polymers, which are applied in the form of dispersions, contain. However, nonwovens according to the invention which are strengthened by melt binders or thermomechanically are particularly preferred.
Besonders bevorzugt sind auch solche erfindungsgemäßen filamentverstärkten Vliesstoffbahnen, die eine Kombination von bevorzugten Merkmalen aufweisen.Those filament-reinforced nonwoven webs according to the invention which have a combination of preferred features are also particularly preferred.
Die Herstellung der erfindungsgemäßen Vliesstoffe erfolgt durch Ablage des Fasermaterials auf einer bewegten Ablagefläche. Je nach dem ob Stapelfasern oder, wie bevorzugt, Endlosfasern abgelegt werden sollen, werden bekannte Faserablageorgane eingesetzt. Für die Ablage von Endlosfasern werden zweckmäßigerweise Spinnbalken eingesetzt, aus denen ein Faservorhang in einen Spinn-und Streckschacht eingesponnen wird, in dem die Fasern durch einen Fluidstrom gleichzeitig abgekühlt und beschleunigt und damit verstreckt werden.
Das Einbringen der Verstärkungsgarne erfolgt zweckmäßigerweise von einem Kettbaum, von dem aus die Garne zwischen zwei Vlies-Schichten einlaufen, die von zwei in Transportrichtung hintereinander liegenden Reihen von Ablageorganen auf derselben Ablage abgelegt werden.
Eine für dieses Verfahren geeignete Vorrichtung ist in der DE-A-23 10 542 und in der DE-A-39 41 189 beschrieben worden.
Die Auswahl der für die Herstellung der erfindungsgemäßen filamentverstärkten Vliesstoffe eingesetzten Verstärkungsgarne erfolgt nach den oben für diese Garne angegebenen Kriterien.
Die Verfestigung des Vliesstoffes erfolgt in an sich bekannter Weise durch Aufbringen, z.B. Aufsprühen von Bindemittel-Lösungen oder-Dispersionen oder aber vorzugsweise durch das Einbringen von Schmelzbindern und anschließende Wärmebehandlung bei einer Temperatur, bei der der Schmelzbinder schmilzt und die tragenden Filamente des Vliesstoffes an deren Kreuzungspunkten verbindet.
Der Schmelzbinder wird mit besonderem Vorteil in Form von Bindefilamenten in das Vlies eingebracht. Diese können als separate Filamente vorliegen wenn sie z. B. aus separaten Öffnungen der Spinnbalken ausgesponnen und im ablaufenden Faservorhang gleichmäßig verteilt werden, oder sie können als Mantel oder Seite der tragenden Filamente oder eines Teils der tragenden Filamente vorliegen wenn entsprechende Düsenöffnungen für das Erspinnen von Kern-Mantel-Filamenten oder Seite-an-Seite Zweikomponentenfilamenten im Spinnbalken vorgesehen werden.The nonwovens according to the invention are produced by depositing the fiber material on a moving storage surface. Known fiber storage members are used depending on whether staple fibers or, as preferred, continuous fibers are to be deposited. Spinning beams are expediently used for the storage of continuous fibers, from which a fiber curtain is spun into a spinning and stretching shaft, in which the fibers are simultaneously cooled and accelerated and thus stretched by a fluid flow.
The reinforcing yarns are expediently introduced from a warp beam, from which the yarns run in between two non-woven layers, which are deposited on the same tray by two rows of storage elements arranged one behind the other in the transport direction.
A device suitable for this method is in DE-A-23 10 542 and in DE-A-39 41 189 has been described.
The selection of the reinforcing yarns used for the production of the filament-reinforced nonwovens according to the invention is based on the criteria specified above for these yarns.
The nonwoven is solidified in a manner known per se by applying, for example spraying on, binder solutions or dispersions, or preferably by introducing melt binders and subsequent heat treatment at a temperature at which the melt binder melts and the supporting filaments of the nonwoven on them Crossing points connects.
The melt binder is particularly advantageously introduced into the nonwoven in the form of binding filaments. These can be present as separate filaments if, for. B. spun out of separate openings of the spinning beam and evenly distributed in the draining fiber curtain, or they can be present as a sheath or side of the supporting filaments or part of the supporting filaments if appropriate nozzle openings for spinning core-sheath filaments or side-on Side two-component filaments are provided in the spinning beam.
Eine weitere bevorzugte Möglichkeit zur Verfestigung des erfindungsgemäßen Vliesstoffes besteht in der ebenfalls an sich bekannten thermomechanischen Verfestigung, die üblicherweise durch Kalandrieren mit einem Heißkalander erfolgt.A further preferred possibility for consolidating the nonwoven fabric according to the invention is the thermomechanical consolidation, which is also known per se and which is usually carried out by calendering with a hot calender.
Die erfindungsgemäßen Vliesstoffbahnen zeigen keine Delaminierungsneigung, selbst nicht unter extremer thermisch-mechanischer Belastung.
Die Festigkeit der Bahnen in Längsrichtung übersteigt weit die gewohnten Werte von Vliesstoffen vergleichbaren Flächengewichts. Weiterhin steigt die Durchstoßfestigkeit, wie sie sich in der Stempeldurchdrückprüfung nach DIN 54 307 äußert. Dadurch ergibt sich eine erheblich verbesserte Verarbeitbarkeit und eine erhöhte Arbeitssicherheit beim Verlegen der erfindungsgemäßen bituminierten Dachbahnen auf dem Dach.
Diese ünberraschenden Vorteile der erfindungsgemäßen Verstärkungsbahn ergeben sich vermutlich aus dem homogenen Kraft-Dehnungsverhalten von Vliesstoff und Verstärkungsgarn.The nonwoven webs according to the invention show no tendency to delamination, even under extreme thermal-mechanical stress.
The strength of the webs in the longitudinal direction far exceeds the usual values of nonwovens of comparable basis weight. Furthermore, the puncture resistance increases, as expressed in the punch penetration test according to DIN 54 307. This results in significantly improved workability and increased work safety when laying the bituminized roofing membranes according to the invention on the roof.
These unsurprising advantages of the reinforcement web according to the invention presumably result from the homogeneous force-elongation behavior of the nonwoven fabric and reinforcement yarn.
Ein weiterer Gegenstand der vorliegenden Erfindung ist eine bituminierte Dachbahn und eine bituminierte Dachunterspannbahn, die als Träger eine erfindungsgemäße Filamentverstärkte Vliesstoffbahn enthält.
Diese bituminierten Dachbahnen oder Dachunterspannbahnen werden hergestellt durch Tränken und/oder Beschichten der erfindungsgemäßen Verstärkungsbahnen mit geschmolzenem Bitumen in an sich bekannter Weise.Another object of the present invention is a bituminized roofing membrane and a bituminized roofing membrane which contains a filament-reinforced nonwoven fabric web according to the invention.
These bituminized roofing membranes or roofing membranes are produced by impregnating and / or coating the reinforcement membranes according to the invention with molten bitumen in a manner known per se.
Claims (15)
daß Polyesterfasern bis zu einem Flächengewicht von 20 -200g/m² abgelegt werden und
daß man Verstärkungsgarne aus Polyestermaterial zwischen den Ablageorganen einlaufen läßt, die eine ähnliche Höchstzugkraftdehnung haben wie die Polyesterfasern des Vliesstoffes.Process for the production of a filament-reinforced nonwoven fabric by depositing staple or continuous fibers on a moving storage surface by known fiber storage members and introducing the reinforcing yarns from a warp beam, from which the yarns between two rows of storage members which are arranged one behind the other in the transport direction and work on the same storage device, between the layers of the deposited fiber masses shrink, and solidification of the nonwoven fabric in a manner known per se by applying binders, by introducing melt binders and subsequent heat treatment at a temperature at which the melt binder melts and connects the supporting filaments of the nonwoven fabric at their crossing points, or by thermomechanical consolidation, characterized,
that polyester fibers are deposited up to a basis weight of 20-200 g / m² and
that reinforcing yarns made of polyester material run in between the storage members, which have a similar tensile strength extension as the polyester fibers of the nonwoven fabric.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE4110282 | 1991-03-28 | ||
| DE4110282 | 1991-03-28 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0506051A1 true EP0506051A1 (en) | 1992-09-30 |
Family
ID=6428447
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP92105219A Withdrawn EP0506051A1 (en) | 1991-03-28 | 1992-03-26 | Interlining reinforced with polyester filaments |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0506051A1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JPH0598551A (en) |
| FI (1) | FI921325L (en) |
| IE (1) | IE920999A1 (en) |
| NO (1) | NO921203L (en) |
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0687756A2 (en) | 1994-06-16 | 1995-12-20 | Akzo Nobel N.V. | Nonwoven reinforced with filaments |
| DE19620361A1 (en) * | 1996-05-10 | 1997-11-13 | Hoechst Trevira Gmbh & Co Kg | Carrier insert, process for its production and its use |
| WO1998029591A1 (en) * | 1996-12-30 | 1998-07-09 | Wattex | Process for manufacturing a band-shaped non-woven product with increased tensile strength |
| US6677073B1 (en) | 1999-06-22 | 2004-01-13 | Johnson Matthey Public Limited Company | Non-woven fiber webs |
| US7047607B2 (en) | 1996-12-30 | 2006-05-23 | Wattex | Process for manufacturing a band-shaped non-woven product with increased tensile strength |
| BE1018937A3 (en) * | 2009-09-24 | 2011-11-08 | Wattex Nv | METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING A STRENGTHENED FLANGE, IN PARTICULAR FOR A BITUMINARY ROOF JOB. |
| EP2679713A1 (en) * | 2012-06-26 | 2014-01-01 | O.R.V. Ovattificio Resinatura Valpadana S.p.a. | Support in nonwoven textile reinforced with threads and process for making such support |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2957610B1 (en) * | 2010-03-17 | 2012-03-23 | Freudenberg Politex Sa | NON-WOVEN PRODUCT CONTAINING ORGANIC AND / OR MINERAL PARTICLES AND PROCESS FOR PRODUCING THE SAME |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE2424877A1 (en) * | 1974-05-22 | 1975-11-27 | Freudenberg Carl Fa | TEXTILE COMPOSITE |
| WO1986006115A1 (en) * | 1985-04-15 | 1986-10-23 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Decorative ribbon and sheet material |
| EP0259612A2 (en) * | 1986-08-08 | 1988-03-16 | Bay Mills Limited | Reinforcing composite for roofing membranes and process for making such composites |
| US4906507A (en) * | 1987-03-13 | 1990-03-06 | Freudenberg Nonwovens Limited Partnership | Composite adhesive webs and their production |
| FR2640288A1 (en) * | 1988-12-13 | 1990-06-15 | Rhone Poulenc Fibres | NON-WOVEN CHEMICAL TEXTILE BASE BASE AND MANUFACTURING METHOD THEREOF |
-
1992
- 1992-03-26 EP EP92105219A patent/EP0506051A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1992-03-26 FI FI921325A patent/FI921325L/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1992-03-27 JP JP4071210A patent/JPH0598551A/en active Pending
- 1992-03-27 NO NO92921203A patent/NO921203L/en unknown
- 1992-03-27 IE IE099992A patent/IE920999A1/en unknown
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE2424877A1 (en) * | 1974-05-22 | 1975-11-27 | Freudenberg Carl Fa | TEXTILE COMPOSITE |
| WO1986006115A1 (en) * | 1985-04-15 | 1986-10-23 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Decorative ribbon and sheet material |
| EP0259612A2 (en) * | 1986-08-08 | 1988-03-16 | Bay Mills Limited | Reinforcing composite for roofing membranes and process for making such composites |
| US4906507A (en) * | 1987-03-13 | 1990-03-06 | Freudenberg Nonwovens Limited Partnership | Composite adhesive webs and their production |
| FR2640288A1 (en) * | 1988-12-13 | 1990-06-15 | Rhone Poulenc Fibres | NON-WOVEN CHEMICAL TEXTILE BASE BASE AND MANUFACTURING METHOD THEREOF |
Cited By (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0687756A2 (en) | 1994-06-16 | 1995-12-20 | Akzo Nobel N.V. | Nonwoven reinforced with filaments |
| DE4420811A1 (en) * | 1994-06-16 | 1995-12-21 | Akzo Nobel Nv | Filament-reinforced nonwoven web |
| US5691029A (en) * | 1994-06-16 | 1997-11-25 | Akzo Nobel Nv | Filament-reinforced nonwoven-fabric sheeting |
| EP0687756A3 (en) * | 1994-06-16 | 1998-06-10 | Akzo Nobel N.V. | Nonwoven reinforced with filaments |
| DE19620361A1 (en) * | 1996-05-10 | 1997-11-13 | Hoechst Trevira Gmbh & Co Kg | Carrier insert, process for its production and its use |
| DE19620361C2 (en) * | 1996-05-10 | 1998-09-10 | Hoechst Trevira Gmbh & Co Kg | Carrier insert and its use |
| DE19620361C5 (en) * | 1996-05-10 | 2004-01-15 | Johns Manville International, Inc., Denver | Carrier insert and its use |
| WO1998029591A1 (en) * | 1996-12-30 | 1998-07-09 | Wattex | Process for manufacturing a band-shaped non-woven product with increased tensile strength |
| US7047607B2 (en) | 1996-12-30 | 2006-05-23 | Wattex | Process for manufacturing a band-shaped non-woven product with increased tensile strength |
| US6677073B1 (en) | 1999-06-22 | 2004-01-13 | Johnson Matthey Public Limited Company | Non-woven fiber webs |
| BE1018937A3 (en) * | 2009-09-24 | 2011-11-08 | Wattex Nv | METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING A STRENGTHENED FLANGE, IN PARTICULAR FOR A BITUMINARY ROOF JOB. |
| EP2679713A1 (en) * | 2012-06-26 | 2014-01-01 | O.R.V. Ovattificio Resinatura Valpadana S.p.a. | Support in nonwoven textile reinforced with threads and process for making such support |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| IE920999A1 (en) | 1992-10-07 |
| FI921325L (en) | 1992-09-29 |
| JPH0598551A (en) | 1993-04-20 |
| FI921325A0 (en) | 1992-03-26 |
| NO921203L (en) | 1992-09-29 |
| NO921203D0 (en) | 1992-03-27 |
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