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EP0499912B1 - Barreau de grille et grille pour installations de combustion - Google Patents

Barreau de grille et grille pour installations de combustion Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0499912B1
EP0499912B1 EP92102124A EP92102124A EP0499912B1 EP 0499912 B1 EP0499912 B1 EP 0499912B1 EP 92102124 A EP92102124 A EP 92102124A EP 92102124 A EP92102124 A EP 92102124A EP 0499912 B1 EP0499912 B1 EP 0499912B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
grating
bar
grate
bars
grating bar
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP92102124A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0499912A3 (en
EP0499912A2 (fr
Inventor
Friedrich Krieger
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Noell Abfall- und Energietechnik GmbH
Original Assignee
Noell Abfall- und Energietechnik GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Noell Abfall- und Energietechnik GmbH filed Critical Noell Abfall- und Energietechnik GmbH
Publication of EP0499912A2 publication Critical patent/EP0499912A2/fr
Publication of EP0499912A3 publication Critical patent/EP0499912A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0499912B1 publication Critical patent/EP0499912B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23H—GRATES; CLEANING OR RAKING GRATES
    • F23H3/00—Grates with hollow bars
    • F23H3/02—Grates with hollow bars internally cooled
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23H—GRATES; CLEANING OR RAKING GRATES
    • F23H17/00—Details of grates
    • F23H17/12—Fire-bars
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23H—GRATES; CLEANING OR RAKING GRATES
    • F23H2900/00—Special features of combustion grates
    • F23H2900/03021—Liquid cooled grates

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a grate bar and a grate for incinerators.
  • a grate for incinerators is usually formed by rows of grate bars that lie one above the other and extend transversely to the transport direction of the firing material.
  • the grate bars in waste incineration plants are exposed to both thermally and mechanically considerably higher loads than those in power plants fired with fossil fuels, since the material to be burned in waste incineration plants constantly varies in size, weight, calorific value, combustion behavior and the like.
  • the service life of grate bars must be as long and constant as possible for reasons of maintenance and overall availability of the systems.
  • grate bars of incineration plants are therefore subject to very different requirements, which attempts are being made to comply with different grate bar shapes, but in particular with changing grate bar materials.
  • a generic hollow box-shaped two-part grate bar which has air supply lines on the rear side and has outlet openings on the surface of the grate bar (EP-A-0 205 658).
  • Such grate bars require a constant Minimum air pressure in order to prevent fired goods from entering the grate bars. No attention was paid to the problem of melting non-ferrous metals and small, specifically heavy steel scrap parts.
  • a grate bar according to EP-A-0 170 803 consists of a carrier part and a head part flanged in front of it from thermally particularly resistant material.
  • the grate receives part of its air from the underside of the grate for the oxidation of the material to be burned, and consequently the head part of each grate bar has an air outlet opening.
  • the grate bar is divided in the middle by a rib for reasons of stability and airflow, but is otherwise open at the bottom.
  • the grate bar has some defects. Molten non-ferrous metals and small pieces of steel scrap can get stuck in the gap between the support part and the head part of the grate bar.
  • the row of grate bars cannot be moved by the entire offset dimension in relation to the adjacent one.
  • the air cooling of the bars is not constant due to the variable inflow cross sections due to the movement of the grate bars.
  • grate bars which have an air outlet opening in the head part, which let an air jet emerge, the jet angle of which sweeps both beyond the horizontal plane of the grate and over the head of the adjacent row of grate bars.
  • the grate bar is open at the bottom and therefore also does not allow constant air cooling of the grate bars.
  • the surfaces of the grate bars are stepped and the stroke of each grate bar row is limited to approximately half of the free grate bar surface.
  • a grate bar is known, which is formed on two levels with two lower air levels and correspondingly has two air outlet levels on the protruding head part of the grate bar.
  • the front surface of the grate bar above the lower air outlet level cannot be cleared.
  • Such grate bars can only be used sensibly for inclined gratings and not for horizontal gratings. No attention is paid to the problem of melting non-ferrous metals.
  • the invention is therefore based on the problem of creating grate bars and a grate that are very resistant, prevent unwanted air leaks between the grate bars, have a surface that is as dense as possible both in the cold and in the warm state and are not susceptible to disturbances caused by non-ferrous metal flow or small-volume steel scrap are, but allow a complete clearing of the grate bar rows with the greatest possible stroke of the grate bars.
  • the grate bar according to the invention for incinerators, in particular for waste incineration plants has front air outlet openings for under air and has one hollow box-like trapezoidal cross-section in the longitudinal and transverse axes and an air supply opening for under air on the rear grate bar side.
  • the grate bar can have one or more ribs in the longitudinal direction, dividing the hollow box shape on the inside.
  • the grate bar can have a front part which can be attached below the surface on which the firing material lies and which can be replaced when worn.
  • This grate bar lies in the trapezoidal shape resulting from the bevel at the front and rear end of the grate bar (longitudinal section through the bar).
  • the drive point can be arranged on the underside of the bar, approximately opposite the end of the surface of the bar, and the lower edge of the front part of the bar just lies on the surface of the preceding grate bar.
  • This arrangement allows the rod to have a large stroke that is more than two thirds of its total length. Nevertheless, the tip of the head section resting on the previous row of grate bars can completely clear the grate bar in front of it. When the grate bar moves back, its surface is cleared of the grate bar located above.
  • the large stroke also results in an improvement in the feed rate and at the same time a reduction in the wear of the grate bars.
  • the oxidation of the firing material and the circulation of the firing material is supported by the air outlet nozzle, which is directed downwards relative to the horizontal construction level of the grate, and a correspondingly directed air flow.
  • Even when parked or Reduced under-air flow makes it impossible for fired goods such as liquid non-ferrous metal or the like to penetrate the nozzle due to their arrangement approximately in the middle of the front of the grate bar.
  • the air supply from the rear of the grate bar is completely directed into an air flow which is forcibly directed through the hollow box shape and the inner ribs of the grate bar to the head part of the grate bar.
  • the grate bar is thus optimally cooled, especially since the inflow and outflow cross sections for the under air in the grate bar remain constant.
  • these can be assembled from double-T-shaped or U-shaped, cast profiles to form a hollow box-type grate bar.
  • the grate bar according to the invention also has a trapezoidal cross section in the transverse direction, the surface or top surface of the grate bar on which the firing material rests is narrower than the lower surface of the hollow box-type grate bar.
  • the grate rod on the upper side heated by the firing material expands more than the underside of the grate rod, which is cooled more strongly by the under air.
  • This design of the grate bar means that the side surfaces of adjacent grate bars are parallel to one another in the operating state at furnace operating temperature. Thus, a first prerequisite for tightness of the joints between adjacent grate bars is given.
  • the head part of the cold grate bar is also made correspondingly narrower than the rear side of the grate bar. This results in rust that is dense both when cold and when hot.
  • the grate bar support is given an arcuate shape, so that the grate surface results as a trough layer which is retained in the operating state.
  • the possibility of making the grate bar support curved arises only through the trapezoidal design of the grate bar in its transverse direction and the tapering of the grate bar in the direction of the head part of the grate bar. If the grate surface is to be flat in the operating state, the arc height of the grate bar support is chosen to be correspondingly lower.
  • the interchangeable head part of the grate bar is positively placed under the surface of the grate bar. It can e.g. B. connected by pins to the upper part of the hollow box-like grate bar. In this case, the insertable head part is made narrower than the grate bar, so that an air outlet nozzle results between adjacent grate bars.
  • several head parts can be assigned to a grate bar, which then likewise form a common air nozzle formed as recesses between them.
  • the schematic grate bar according to FIG. 1 shows a surface 1 on which the firing material lies and an underside 2 which at least partially rests on the grate bar row arranged in front of it with a surface which is not shown.
  • a central rib 4 divides the grate bar in the longitudinal direction into two chambers, each of which can be acted upon by air from the open rear side 3 of the grate bar, which as the under air Combustion grate is fed. The air flows through the hollow box and exits at the slot nozzle 6.
  • This nozzle 6 on the front of the grate bar lies above the front edge 7 of the grate bar, which pushes firing material from the grate bar row in front of it with each stroke and thus ensures both the advancement of the firing material and an additional stoking effect in the firing material.
  • the constructive horizontal plane H of the grate shows that the air flow is directed into the firing material by an angle alpha away from the horizontal plane. Tests have shown that such a direction of air flow leads to optimal combustion results.
  • the air inflow cross sections and the outflow cross sections always remain the same size, regardless of the stroke that is transmitted from a grate bar carrier or driver, not shown, to the grate bar at the drive point 5.
  • FIG 2 the head part of another grate bar is shown, between the lower surface 2 and surface 1, an interchangeable front part 10, which engages positively around a nose 11 on the surface 1 of the grate bar and is loosely held by a threaded pin 8, not shown, inserted in threaded hole 8.
  • this situation is shown as section III-III according to Figure 2 on two adjacent grate bars 13, 14.
  • Figure 4 shows schematically a grate bar similar to Figure 1 in plan view.
  • HU the rear lower edge of the grate bar is designated with HO the rear upper edge of the surface of the grate bar.
  • VO indicates the front edge of the grate bar on its surface and VU the front edge of the grate bar on its lower surface.
  • the broken line shows the grate bar in the operating state, in which the grate bar side surfaces have expanded into the vertical and parallel and no longer appear trapezoidal (transverse direction). In this situation the grate surface would be flat, ie without any interruptions.
  • the presentation is a bit exaggerated.
  • the actual return dimensions are a few tenths of a millimeter; they can be created by grinding the surfaces non-parallel.
  • each grate bar 16 is shaped in such a way that it is also hot Operating state maintains its trapezoidal shape in the transverse direction, i.e. the side surfaces of the grate bars remain non-parallel in the vertical direction and an uninterrupted curved plane of the grate surface is created.
  • the grate bar support 17 then also has an arc shape.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Incineration Of Waste (AREA)

Claims (10)

  1. Barreau de grille pour des fours d'incinération, notamment d'installations d'incinération de déchets, comportant des ouvertures d'amenée et de sortie d'air pour l'air inférieur, caractérisé en ce que le barreau de grille présente une section transversale en forme de caisson creux et un contour trapézoïdal en coupe longitudinale et en coupe transversale, et dispose d'une ouverture de sortie d'air avant conçue comme une buse (6, 15).
  2. Barreau de grille selon la revendication 1, caractérisé par une ouverture d'amenée d'air ouverte (3) pour l'air inférieur, à l'extrémité arrière du barreau.
  3. Barreau de grille selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé par une surface fermée (1) pour un produit à incinérer, sur la face supérieure du barreau de grille.
  4. Barreau de grille selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé par des nervures intérieures (4) qui divisent le barreau dans le sens longitudinal.
  5. Barreau de grille selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que la surface (1) prévue pour le produit à incinérer sur le barreau et la surface inférieure (2) de celui-ci ont une forme trapézoïdale.
  6. Barreau de grille selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé par un élément avant (10) du barreau à monter sous la surface (1) prévue pour le produit à incinérer.
  7. Barreau de grille selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que sa forme de caisson creux est obtenue grâce à l'assemblage d'au moins deux barreaux à section transversale en double T ou en U.
  8. Grille pour des fours d'incinération, notamment d'installations d'incinération de déchets, comportant des rangées de barreaux de grille selon l'une des revendications 1 à 7 qui sont superposées à la manière de tuiles et qui comportent chacune au moins un support de barreaux (17) et, sur au moins une rangée sur deux, un entraînement pour ledit support de barreaux (17), caractérisée en ce que des ouvertures de sortie d'air avant (6, 15) des barreaux (13, 14, 16) en forme de buses sont disposées de telle sorte qu'un courant d'air puisse être dirigé vers le bas suivant un angle (alpha) à partir de l'horizontale (H).
  9. Grille selon la revendication 8, caractérisée en ce que les supports de barreaux (17) ont une forme courbe s'éloignant de la surface inférieure (2) des barreaux, dans le sens vertical, qui est telle qu'on obtient une surface supérieure de grille en forme de cuvette.
  10. Grille selon l'une des revendications 8 ou 9, caractérisée en ce que, dans le cas de rangées de barreaux alternativement mobiles et fixes, les barreaux mobiles ont une course variable qui correspond au maximum au chevauchement entre les rangées de barreaux voisines.
EP92102124A 1991-02-18 1992-02-08 Barreau de grille et grille pour installations de combustion Expired - Lifetime EP0499912B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4105330 1991-02-18
DE4105330A DE4105330C1 (fr) 1991-02-18 1991-02-18

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0499912A2 EP0499912A2 (fr) 1992-08-26
EP0499912A3 EP0499912A3 (en) 1993-01-07
EP0499912B1 true EP0499912B1 (fr) 1994-10-26

Family

ID=6425508

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP92102124A Expired - Lifetime EP0499912B1 (fr) 1991-02-18 1992-02-08 Barreau de grille et grille pour installations de combustion

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US5245983A (fr)
EP (1) EP0499912B1 (fr)
KR (1) KR100200404B1 (fr)
DE (2) DE4105330C1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2065078T3 (fr)

Families Citing this family (18)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4400992C1 (de) * 1994-01-14 1995-05-11 Noell Abfall & Energietech Roststab und Rost mit Kühleinrichtung
US5575642A (en) * 1995-12-01 1996-11-19 The Carondelet Corporation Grate plate
DE19622423C1 (de) 1996-06-04 1997-07-10 Martin Umwelt & Energietech Rostelement und Rost für Verbrennungsanlagen sowie Verfahren zum Betrieb des Rostes
EP0987494A1 (fr) * 1998-09-15 2000-03-22 Asea Brown Boveri AG Procédé pour le refroidissement d'une grille d'un foyer et grille d'un foyer
DE19851471A1 (de) * 1998-11-09 2000-05-11 Mitteldeutsche Feuerungs Und U Durchfallarmer Vorschubrostbelag
BR7900232U (pt) * 1999-02-03 2000-09-05 Vale Do Rio Doce Co Aperfeiçoamento em barra de grelha para fornos de pelotização e sinterização
TW457354B (en) * 1999-08-20 2001-10-01 Von Roll Umwelttechnik Ag Plant and grate block for the thermal treatment of waste materials
US6244195B1 (en) * 2000-05-23 2001-06-12 Dae Youn Yang Safety incinerator for rubbish in volume and flammable waste
DE10113516A1 (de) * 2001-03-20 2002-09-26 Bmh Claudius Peters Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Behandeln von Schüttgut
DE10163670A1 (de) 2001-12-21 2003-07-03 Bbp Environment Gmbh Roststab für eine Schubrostfeuerung
US6981455B2 (en) * 2002-03-08 2006-01-03 Lefcort Malcolm D Two-stage wet waste gasifier and burner
DE102004032291B4 (de) * 2004-07-03 2006-07-13 Lurgi Lentjes Ag Rostplatte
DE102004034322B4 (de) * 2004-07-15 2006-09-28 Lurgi Lentjes Ag Rostplatte
WO2008072214A2 (fr) * 2006-12-14 2008-06-19 Osman Yesilyurt Chaudière comportant une unité de combustion de déchets solides constituée de paliers coulissants avec de conduits d'eau de système tubulaire
DE102014015916A1 (de) * 2014-10-29 2016-05-04 Steinmüller Babcock Environment Gmbh Roststab und Rost für eine Schubrostfeuerung
ES2856765T3 (es) * 2015-06-12 2021-09-28 Hitachi Zosen Inova Ag Bloque de rejilla para una rejilla de incineración
US10309648B2 (en) 2016-11-22 2019-06-04 General Electric Company System and method for active cooling of a grate bar for an incinerator of a waste-to-energy plant
CN108332218B (zh) * 2018-03-15 2023-09-22 重庆科技学院 一种横向布置搓齿炉条组

Family Cites Families (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2745364A (en) * 1948-10-01 1956-05-15 Martin Johannes Josef Combustion air supply through grates and grate construction
CH463678A (de) * 1967-06-02 1968-10-15 Johannes Josef Martin Rost für Grossfeuerungen mit luftgekühlten Roststäben
CH669447A5 (fr) * 1982-05-13 1989-03-15 Von Roll Ag
CH663266A5 (de) * 1984-07-05 1987-11-30 Kuepat Ag Roststab fuer verbrennungsoefen.
DE3521266A1 (de) * 1985-06-13 1986-12-18 Walter Josef Dipl.-Ing. 8000 München Martin Roststab fuer einen feuerungsrost einer grossfeuerung und feuerungsrost fuer diese grossfeuerung
DE8517925U1 (de) * 1985-06-20 1986-10-16 Hoval Interliz Ag, Vaduz-Neugut Vorschubrost für Verbrennungskammern zur Verfeuerung fester oder pastenförmiger Brennstoffe
EP0288597B1 (fr) * 1987-04-25 1991-02-06 Mrklas, Louis, Ing.(grad) Feu à grille pour l'incinération des déchets
DE3813441A1 (de) * 1987-04-25 1988-11-03 Mrklas Louis Roststabelement fuer eine schubrostfeuerung zur muellverbrennung
DE3725585C1 (en) * 1987-08-01 1988-10-06 Evt Energie- Und Verfahrenstechnik Gmbh, 7000 Stuttgart, De Non-clogging incinerator grate - has grate bars shaped so that cooling air channels are formed between them
DE3926125C1 (en) * 1989-08-08 1990-08-30 Evt Energie- Und Verfahrenstechnik Gmbh, 7000 Stuttgart, De Incinerator air cooled grate with transverse supports - has several grate bars bolted into groups, clad by wear-resistant plates on top and bottom

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0499912A3 (en) 1993-01-07
US5245983A (en) 1993-09-21
DE59200668D1 (de) 1994-12-01
ES2065078T3 (es) 1995-02-01
KR100200404B1 (ko) 1999-06-15
EP0499912A2 (fr) 1992-08-26
KR920016773A (ko) 1992-09-25
DE4105330C1 (fr) 1992-08-06

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