EP0496977A2 - Distributor for electrical installations - Google Patents

Abstract

A distributor for electrical installations for use in the field of aviation and space flight has a base with distribution elements held in its area, and a cover which spans over the base. Both the base segments forming the base and the cover segments forming the cover can be split and, if necessary, are in each case separated from one another. One bracket support is arranged or can be placed on in each case in the area of the ends of the base, which bracket support has a retaining bracket which is supported such that it can pivot and fixes the cover in a detachable manner with respect to the base. <IMAGE>

Description

The invention relates to a distributor for electrical systems, in particular for use in the field of aerospace, consisting of a base with mounted distribution elements for receiving and connecting electrical connections and a cover spanning the base.

Such distributors are used to bring together electrical conductors or to realize branches in the area of electrical networks. When used for the aerospace industry, it is necessary to provide distributors which are adapted in terms of capacity to a particular use due to the restricted space and the requirements for a low construction weight. The hitherto known distributors have the defect that capacity adjustments are not or only are cumbersome to carry out and that due to the large number of components, not all requirements for a low construction weight are met, and appropriate assembly is labor-intensive and therefore cost-intensive.

The object of the present invention is to improve a generic distributor such that the distribution capacity can be adapted to specific application requirements with little effort.

This object is achieved according to the invention in that the base is formed from at least two base segments each having distribution elements, in particular distribution bolts, plug connectors or flat plugs, and the lid is formed from at least two cover segments, the base segments and the cover segments being separable and in the region of the ends of the base In each case a bracket bracket is arranged, which has a pivotably mounted bracket and the lid releasably fixed relative to the base bracket.

Due to the segment-like design of the base and the cover, it is possible in a simple manner to separate the base and cover of a required capacity of distribution bolts from rod-shaped basic elements, which are each composed, for example, of twelve cover segments and base segments. Either two sockets with six segments each or one socket with six segments and two sockets with three segments each can thus be separated from a base with twelve segments. However, it is also possible to make any other denominations of segments within the interval given by the maximum base length. After a suitable length selection of the base and cover are on the free Ends of the base bracket bracket plugged in and with the aid of the bracket pivotally mounted in the area of the bracket bracket of the lid relative to the base. After being closed with the cover, the distribution bolts and, if applicable, cable lugs or other electrical connecting devices previously attached to the distribution bolts are protected against contamination and unintentional contact.

According to one embodiment of the invention, it is provided that at least one of the bracket supports has at least one pin which can be received by a recess arranged in the region of the base. The peg-like connection of the bracket support to the base means that the bracket support is plugged onto the base. After the length of the base has been determined, the bracket supports are thereby connected to the base in a simple manner.

A pulling off of the bracket carrier from the base by a force acting in a longitudinal direction of the base is prevented in that at least one of the bracket carriers has a dovetail-shaped connecting element which is designed to be positively receivable from a correspondingly arranged receptacle in the region of the base.

To prevent unintentional electrical connections between individual distribution bolts, it is proposed that an insulator be arranged between each two distribution elements, which insulator extends substantially perpendicular to the base and forms a unitary part with the base.

Holding the insulators in the area of the cover is made possible in that in the area of the cover guides assigned to each of the insulators are arranged.

To facilitate assembly of electrical connections in the area of the distribution bolts, it is provided that the insulators form a unitary part with the cover and that the insulators are arranged in some areas in the area of the base.

For a permanent, but nevertheless releasable arrangement of the cover in the region of the base, it is proposed that the cover have guide grooves which engage the bracket in the region of its extension facing away from the base.

A modular system structure while avoiding material losses due to sections that cannot be reused is achieved in that each of the base segments forms an independent base element that is designed to be modularly connectable with other base elements and bracket supports. Any number of base elements can thus be put together from a supply. On the one hand, this modular structure avoids cutting or separating base segments that are not currently required, on the other hand, the number of base elements which can be combined with one another is not limited by a predetermined maximum base length.

A quick assembly of base elements is ensured in that the couplings are formed from recesses and pins. To avoid unintentional pulling apart of base elements, it is also possible for the couplings to be formed from dovetail-shaped elements and adapted receptacles.

To carry out a simple production of the individual parts required for the construction of the modular system, it is proposed that the insulators be designed to be pluggable and have a foot which consists of a base, two recesses receiving the couplings and a slot, and that the slot fits one in one Area of a base element arranged projection has adapted training.

A distributor for connecting flat connectors can be realized in that distribution elements designed as contact tongues with a plug orientation are aligned essentially transversely to a longitudinal axis of the base.

Fig. 1:

eine Seitenansicht eines mit einem Überstand versehenen Deckels,

Fig. 2:

einen Querschnitt gemäß Ansicht II-II in Figur 1,

Fig. 3:

eine Seitenansicht eines mit zwei Bügelträgern versehenen Sockels als Grundaufbau,

Fig. 4:

eine Draufsicht auf den Deckel gemäß Figur 1, der auf eine dem Sockel gemäß Figur 3 entsprechende Länge gekürzt wurde,

Fig. 5:

eine Draufsicht auf den Sockelträger gemäß Figur 3,

Fig. 6:

eine Draufsicht auf einen steckbaren Bügelträger, der zwei vom Sockel aufnehmbare Zapfen aufweist,

Fig. 7:

eine Draufsicht auf einen Bügelträger mit Zapfen, Isolator und Schnittzugabe,

Fig. 8:

eine Seitenansicht eines Deckels ohne Überstand,

Fig. 9:

einen Querschnitt gemäß Ansicht IX-IX in Figur 8,

Fig. 10:

eine Seitenansicht eines zur Abdeckung mit dem Deckel gemäß Figur 8 vorgesehenen Sockels,

Fig. 11:

eine Draufsicht auf den Deckel gemäß Figur 8,

Fig. 12:

eine Draufsicht auf den Bügelträger gemäß Figur 10,

Fig. 13:

eine Seitenansicht eines auf sechs Deckelsegmente gekürzten Deckels,

Fig. 14:

einen Querschnitt gemäß Ansicht XIV-XIV in Figur 13,

Fig. 15:

eine Seitenansicht eines auf sechs Sockelsegmente gekürzten Verteilers, auf den von rechts ein steckbarer Bügelträger aufgesetzt ist,

Fig. 16:

eine Draufsicht auf den Deckel gemäß Figur 13,

Fig. 17:

eine Draufsicht auf den Verteiler gemäß Figur 15,

Fig. 18:

eine Seitenansicht eines weiteren gekürzten Deckels,

Fig. 19:

einen Querschnitt gemäß Ansicht XIX-XIX in Figur 18,

Fig. 20:

eine Seitenansicht eines Verteilers, der im Bereich seiner nach links gewandten Orientierung gekürzt und mit einem steckbaren Bügelträger versehen wurde,

Fig. 21:

eine Draufsicht auf den Deckel gemäß Figur 18,

Fig. 22:

eine Draufsicht auf den Verteiler gemäß Figur 20,

Fig. 23:

eine Seitenansicht eines Deckels mit einem Überstand sowie integrierten Isolatoren,

Fig. 24:

einen Querschnitt gemäß Ansicht XXIV-XXIV in Figur 23,

Fig. 25:

eine teilweise Darstellung einer Seitenansicht eines Deckels mit integrierten Isolatoren, die im Bereich ihrer dem Sockel zuwendbaren Ausdehnung eine schwalbenschwanzförmige Erweiterung aufweisen,

Fig. 26:

eine teilweise Darstellung einer Seitenansicht eines anderen Deckels, bei dem die integrierten Isolatoren im Bereich ihrer dem Sockel zuwendbaren Ausdehnung eine im wesentlichen rechteckförmig ausgebildete Erweiterung aufweisen,

Fig. 27:

eine Seitenansicht eines zur Aufnahme des Deckels gemäß Figur 23 geeigneten Verteilrs,

Fig. 28:

eine Draufsicht auf einen angepaßt an den Sockel gemäß Figur 27 gekürzten Deckel gemäß Figur 23,

Fig. 29:

eine Draufsicht auf den Verteiler gemäß Figur 27,

Fig. 30:

eine Draufsicht auf einen von links auf einen gekürzten Sockel aufsteckbaren Bügelträger,

Fig. 31:

eine Draufsicht auf einen von rechts auf den gekürzten Sockel aufsteckbaren und zur Darstellung gemäß Figur 30 baugleichen Bügelträger,

Fig. 32:

eine Seitenansicht eines Deckels mit einem Überstand, der aufschiebbar auf den Sockel ausgebildet ist,

Fig. 33:

einen Querschnitt gemäß Ansicht XXXIII-XXXIII in Figur 32,

Fig. 34:

einen Seitenansicht eines zur Aufnahme des Deckels gemäß Figur 32 geeigneten Verteiler,

Fig. 35:

eine Draufsicht auf einen angepaßt an den Verteiler gemäß Figur 34 gekürzten Deckel,

Fig. 36:

eine Draufsicht auf den Verteiler gemäß Figur 32,

Fig. 37:

eine Prinzipdarstellung des Sockels gemäß Figur 36 mit voneinander getrennten den Verteiler ausbildenden Sockelmodulen,

Fig. 38:

eine Seitenansicht eines auf sechs Sockelsegmenten gekürzten Deckels,

Fig. 39:

einen Querschnitt gemäß Ansicht XIL-XIL in Figur 38,

Fig. 40:

eine Seitenansicht eines modularen Sockels, bei dem die einzelnen Module über schwalbenschwanzförmige Kupplungen miteinander verbunden sind,

Fig. 41:

eine Draufsicht auf ein Modul mit angeordneten Kupplungen,

Fig. 42:

eine Draufsicht auf den Sockel gemäß Figur 40 mit voneinander getrennten Modulen,

Fig. 43:

eine teilweise Darstellung einer Seitenansicht eines Sockels mit aufsteckbaren Isolatoren,

Fig. 44:

eine Seitenansicht eines aufsteckbaren Isolators,

Fig. 45:

eine Draufsicht auf einen modularen Sockel mit voneinander getrennten Modulen und aufsteckbaren Isolatoren,

Fig. 46:

eine Seitenansicht eines Deckels mit Überstand,

Fig. 47:

einen Querschnitt gemäß Ansicht IIL-IIL in Figur 46,

Fig. 48:

eine Seitenansicht eines Verteilers mit als Kontaktzungen ausgebildeten Anschlüssen,

Fig. 49:

eine Seitenansicht eines entsprechend dem Verteiler in Figur 48 gekürzten Deckels gemäß Figur 46,

Fig. 50:

eine Draufsicht auf den Verteiler gemäß Figur 48,

Fig. 51:

eine Draufsicht auf einen aufsteckbaren Bügelträger und

Fig. 52:

eine Draufsicht auf einen steckbaren Bügelträger mit integriertem Isolator und Schnittzugabe.

Embodiments of the invention are shown schematically in the drawings. Show it:

Fig. 1:

a side view of a cover provided with a protrusion,

Fig. 2:

2 shows a cross section according to view II-II in FIG. 1,

Fig. 3:

2 shows a side view of a base provided with two bracket supports as a basic structure,

Fig. 4:

2 shows a top view of the cover according to FIG. 1, which has been shortened to a length corresponding to the base according to FIG. 3,

Fig. 5:

3 shows a plan view of the base support according to FIG. 3,

Fig. 6:

3 shows a plan view of a plug-in bracket support which has two pins which can be received by the base,

Fig. 7:

a plan view of a bracket support with pin, insulator and cut allowance,

Fig. 8:

a side view of a lid without protrusion,

Fig. 9:

8 shows a cross section according to view IX-IX in FIG. 8,

Fig. 10:

6 shows a side view of a base provided for covering with the cover according to FIG. 8,

Fig. 11:

8 shows a top view of the cover according to FIG. 8,

Fig. 12:

10 shows a plan view of the bracket support according to FIG. 10,

Fig. 13:

a side view of a cover shortened to six cover segments,

Fig. 14:

13 shows a cross section according to view XIV-XIV in FIG. 13,

Fig. 15:

a side view of a distributor shortened to six base segments, on which a plug-in bracket support is placed from the right,

Fig. 16:

13 shows a top view of the cover according to FIG. 13,

Fig. 17:

a plan view of the distributor according to Figure 15,

Fig. 18:

a side view of another shortened lid,

Fig. 19:

18 shows a cross section according to view XIX-XIX in FIG. 18,

Fig. 20:

2 shows a side view of a distributor which has been shortened in the area facing its left and provided with a plug-in bracket support,

Fig. 21:

18 shows a plan view of the cover according to FIG. 18,

Fig. 22:

a plan view of the distributor according to Figure 20,

Fig. 23:

a side view of a lid with a protrusion and integrated isolators,

Fig. 24:

23 shows a cross section according to view XXIV-XXIV in FIG. 23,

Fig. 25:

1 shows a partial representation of a side view of a cover with integrated insulators which have a dovetail-shaped extension in the area of their extension facing the base,

Fig. 26:

3 shows a partial representation of a side view of another cover, in which the integrated insulators have an essentially rectangular extension in the area of their extension facing the base,

Fig. 27:

23 shows a side view of a distributor suitable for receiving the cover according to FIG. 23,

Fig. 28:

3 shows a plan view of a cover according to FIG. 23 that has been shortened to match the base according to FIG. 27,

Fig. 29:

a plan view of the distributor according to Figure 27,

Fig. 30:

a plan view of a bracket support that can be plugged onto a shortened base from the left,

Fig. 31:

3 shows a plan view of a bracket support which can be plugged onto the shortened base from the right and which is identical in construction according to FIG. 30,

Fig. 32:

2 shows a side view of a cover with a protrusion which can be pushed onto the base,

Fig. 33:

3 shows a cross section according to view XXXIII-XXXIII in FIG. 32,

Fig. 34:

3 shows a side view of a distributor suitable for receiving the cover according to FIG. 32,

Fig. 35:

4 shows a plan view of a cover which has been shortened to match the distributor according to FIG. 34,

Fig. 36:

3 shows a plan view of the distributor according to FIG. 32,

Fig. 37:

36 shows a basic illustration of the base according to FIG. 36 with separate base modules forming the distributor,

Fig. 38:

a side view of a cover shortened to six base segments,

Fig. 39:

4 shows a cross section according to view XIL-XIL in FIG. 38,

Fig. 40:

a side view of a modular base, in which the individual modules are connected to one another via dovetail-shaped couplings,

Fig. 41:

a plan view of a module with arranged couplings,

Fig. 42:

40 shows a top view of the base according to FIG. 40 with modules separated from one another,

Fig. 43:

2 shows a partial representation of a side view of a base with plug-on insulators,

Fig. 44:

a side view of an attachable insulator,

Fig. 45:

a plan view of a modular base with separate modules and attachable insulators,

Fig. 46:

a side view of a cover with protrusion,

Fig. 47:

4 shows a cross section according to view IIL-IIL in FIG. 46,

Fig. 48:

2 shows a side view of a distributor with connections designed as contact tongues,

Fig. 49:

3 shows a side view of a cover according to FIG. 46, shortened in accordance with the distributor in FIG. 48,

Fig. 50:

a plan view of the distributor according to Figure 48,

Fig. 51:

a plan view of a clip-on bracket and

Fig. 52:

a plan view of a plug-in bracket support with integrated insulator and cut allowance.

A distributor essentially consists of a base (1), distribution elements (2) held in the region of the base (1), insulators (3) arranged between the distribution elements (2) and a cover (4) spanning the base (1). The distribution elements (2) extend essentially in a row in the direction of a longitudinal axis (5) of the base (1). In the region of the ends (6, 7) of the base (1), bracket supports (8) are arranged, which are provided with pivoting mounting brackets (9). The base (1) and the insulators (3) consist of an electrically non-conductive material, for example plastic. In one construction, the distribution elements (2) are designed as steel distribution bolts. However, it is also possible to use other electrically conductive materials, for example copper. To fasten electrical connecting elements, for example cable lugs, in the area of the distribution elements (2) have bolt-shaped ones Distribution elements (2) on external thread (10), which are adapted to the internal thread of nuts (11).

The base (1) is formed from base segments (12) which are arranged one behind the other in the direction of the longitudinal axis (5). The base segments (12) can form a unitary part which has recesses (13) which extend in the direction of the longitudinal axis (5) and which are designed to be adapted to pins (14) arranged in the region of the bracket supports (8). However, it is also possible to form the base (1) from separate base elements (15) which can be connected to one another and to the bracket supports (8) via couplings (16). Each of the couplings (16) consists of a pin (17) extending in the direction of the longitudinal axis (5) and a recess (18) designed to match the pin (17). However, it is also possible to form the coupling (16) from dovetail-shaped elements (19) and recesses (20) adapted to the dovetail-shaped elements (19). In particular, it is contemplated to provide the dovetail elements (19) and the recesses (20) each with an expansion that is approximately a quarter of the expansion of the base elements (15) transverse to the longitudinal axis (5) and the dovetail elements (19) and to arrange the recesses (20) in lateral areas of contact surfaces (21) of the base elements (15) facing away from each other. Each of the base elements (15) is assigned one of the insulators (3), which extends in the form of a plate essentially transversely to the longitudinal axis (5) and forms a unitary part with the base element (15). However, it is also possible to design the insulators (3) as plug-in elements which have a foot (22) and a separating plate (23). The foot (22) consists essentially of a base (24) and a stand (25). The stand (25) points across to the longitudinal axis (5) a smaller extent than the base (24). This enables an arrangement of recesses (26, 27) between the base (24) and the separating plate (23), which interlock the dovetail elements (19) and the recesses (20) when the base elements (15) are pushed together in the presence of a allow pluggable insulator (3). In addition, a slot (28) is arranged in the area of the stand (25), which has a design adapted to a projection provided in the area of the base element (15). In principle, it is also possible to arrange a bracket support (8) fixed to the base (1) in the area of at least one end of the base (1), which forms a unitary part with the base (1) and, if necessary, by sawing or cutting the base ( 1) can be maintained unilaterally. In the area of the base cut (8), a bracket support (8) with cut allowance can be provided on one side to compensate for cut losses.

The cover (4) according to FIGS. 32 and 33 has guides (30) in the area of its boundary facing the base (1), which engage approximately angularly in recesses (31) which are arranged in lateral areas of the insulators (3) . In the area of the extension facing away from the base (1), the cover (4) has support elements (32), in the area of which guide grooves (33) are provided, which extend transversely to the longitudinal axis (5), for receiving the mounting bracket (9). In addition, the cover (4) has longitudinal profiles (34) stiffening it in the region of its extension facing away from the base (1).

1 to 5 are in the area of the base facing the base (1) Cover (4) each one of the insulators (3) associated guides (35) are provided, which extend substantially groove-shaped transversely to the longitudinal axis (5). In this embodiment, the cover (4) is placed on the base (1) and the insulators (3) from above and then fixed with the aid of the mounting bracket (9). The base (1) can be fixed in the area of a mounting surface, for example, by passage recesses (36) provided in the area of the bracket supports (8), which allow screws to be passed through.

In an embodiment according to FIGS. 23 to 29, the cover (4) and the insulators (3) are formed as a unitary part and in the region of the base (1) the guides (37) receiving the insulators (3) are arranged.

In the embodiment according to FIGS. 48 to 50, distribution elements designed as flat plugs are provided in the area of the base (1). The tabs can be connected to the base (1) by rivets, pins or similar fasteners. Plug sleeves connected to electrical cables can be pushed onto the flat plug. Locking holes are provided in the area of the flat plugs, which allow permanent contact and prevent the plug sleeves from slipping and allow them to snap into place. The tabs can be both flat and angled.

To assemble the base (1), the required number of base segments (12) are either separated from a rod-shaped base (1) or, in the case of a modular system, base elements (15) are plugged together in the required number. The packaging The cover (4) is cut to length, which ensures that cover segments (38) are provided, the number of which corresponds to the number of base segments (12) or base elements (15). After carrying out this assembly and assembling the base (1) in the area of an intended mounting surface, electrical connections can be made in the area of the distribution elements (2) and then the cover (4) can be attached or pushed onto the base (1). The cover (4) is finally fixed in relation to the base (1) by swiveling the bracket (9) up and snapping it into the guide grooves (33) arranged in the region of the support elements (32).

A particularly low-loss cutting of the lid (4) is made possible by the fact that a lid protrusion (39) is provided, which essentially consists of an additional lid segment (38). This cover protrusion (39) allows, for example, when the cover (4) is separated into parts each having six cover segments (38), the guides (30) are arranged laterally without significant material losses.

In the case of a base (1) which forms a unitary part with bracket supports (8), only a small number of separate components have to be installed.

Claims (12)

Distributor for electrical systems, in particular for use in the field of aerospace, consisting of a base with mounted distribution elements for receiving and connecting electrical connections and a cover spanning the base, characterized in that the base (1) consists of at least two distribution elements each (2), in particular distribution bolts, plug connectors or flat plug base segments (12) and the cover (4) is formed from at least two cover segments (38), the base segments (12) and the cover segments (38) being separable and in the range from Each end (6, 7) of the base (1) is arranged with a bracket support (8) which has a pivotably mounted and the cover (4) Detachably opposite the bracket (9) fixing the base (1). Distributor according to claim 1, characterized in that at least one of the bracket supports (8) has at least one pin (14) which can be received by a recess (13) arranged in the region of the base (1). Distributor according to claim 1, characterized in that at least one of the bracket supports (8) has a dovetail-shaped connecting element which is designed to be receivable in a form-fitting manner from a receptacle correspondingly arranged in the region of the base (1). Distributor according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that an insulator (3) is arranged between each two distribution elements (2), which extends in a plate-like manner substantially perpendicular to the base (1) and with the base (1) a unitary part trains. Distributor according to one of Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that guides (35) assigned to one of the insulators (3) are arranged in the region of the cover (4). Distributor according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the insulators (3) form a unitary part with the cover (4) and in the region of the base (1) the insulators (3) receiving regions (37) are arranged in regions. Distributor according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the cover (4) in the area its extension facing away from the base (1) has guide brackets (33) which receive the mounting bracket (9) in a latching manner. Distributor according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that each of the base segments (12) forms an independent base element (15) which is designed to be modularly connectable to other base elements (15) and bracket supports (8) via couplings (16). Distributor according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the couplings (16) are formed from recesses (18) and pins (17). Distributor according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the couplings (16) are formed from dovetail-shaped elements (19) and adapted recesses (20). Distributor according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the insulators (3) are designed to be pluggable and have a foot (22) which, from a base (24), has two recesses (26, 27) receiving the couplings (16). and a slot (28) and that the slot (28) has a design adapted to a projection (29) arranged in the region of a base element (15). Distributor according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that distribution elements (2) designed as contact tongues are oriented with a plug orientation essentially transversely to a longitudinal axis (5) of the base (1).

Images