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EP0484241B1 - Antenne in gedruckter Schaltungstechnik für eine zweifach polarisierte Gruppenantenne - Google Patents

Antenne in gedruckter Schaltungstechnik für eine zweifach polarisierte Gruppenantenne Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0484241B1
EP0484241B1 EP19910402915 EP91402915A EP0484241B1 EP 0484241 B1 EP0484241 B1 EP 0484241B1 EP 19910402915 EP19910402915 EP 19910402915 EP 91402915 A EP91402915 A EP 91402915A EP 0484241 B1 EP0484241 B1 EP 0484241B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
antenna
antennae
network
slot
bands
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP19910402915
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0484241A1 (de
Inventor
Roger Behe
Patrice Brachat
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Orange SA
Original Assignee
France Telecom SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by France Telecom SA filed Critical France Telecom SA
Publication of EP0484241A1 publication Critical patent/EP0484241A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0484241B1 publication Critical patent/EP0484241B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/06—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
    • H01Q21/061—Two dimensional planar arrays
    • H01Q21/065—Patch antenna array
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q25/00—Antennas or antenna systems providing at least two radiating patterns
    • H01Q25/001—Crossed polarisation dual antennas
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
    • H01Q9/0407—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna
    • H01Q9/045—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna with particular feeding means
    • H01Q9/0457—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna with particular feeding means electromagnetically coupled to the feed line

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an elementary printed antenna in plated technology for a network for receiving and / or transmitting telecommunications signals, having a small footprint for boarding purposes in a machine, such as satellite.
  • the antenna comprises, in a known manner, a dielectric substrate, a ground conductor plane of a microwave power supply line disposed on one face of the substrate, and a radiating element disposed on another face of the substrate, said conductive plane having a coupling slot for coupling the supply line to the radiating element.
  • the radiating element is constituted by a metal plate printed on the face of the substrate opposite the slot made in the ground plane.
  • the supply line is for example a microstrip line.
  • the radiating plate is similar to an open resonator which is the seat of waves essentially polarized along the width of the underlying coupling slot.
  • the resonances mainly depend on the dimensions of the slot and of the plate.
  • the bandwidth is a function of the overvoltage coefficient of the resonator, which itself depends on the thickness and the electrical characteristics of the substrate.
  • the latter comprises a first sub-network comprising antennas subject to a first polarization, for example Ex, and a second sub-network comprising antennas subject to a second polarization Ey orthogonal to the first.
  • the antennas in the first and second subarrays are interleaved and are therefore in close proximity to one another.
  • the two polarizations are obtained by perpendicular coupling slots.
  • the measurements show that the electromagnetic field is not perfectly polarized in the vicinity of an elementary antenna. Indeed, for example, the electric field lines curve in proportion to the distance from the center of the coupling slot, along the longitudinal axis of the latter. This curvature of the field line thus makes polarization imperfect, and consequently generates harmful couplings between elementary antennas in the same sub-array, but also between elementary antennas in the two sub-arrays. These couplings are all the more pronounced the closer the antennas are to each other.
  • the gain of such a network is therefore low.
  • the surface occupied by this one is all the greater as the gain is improved, to the detriment of the congestion of the network and therefore unlike the search for compactness for the materials on board in vehicles.
  • the present invention aims to provide an elementary printed antenna which generates an almost perfect polarization, that is to say almost rectilinear, which makes it possible to bring together such antennas having crossed polarizations and therefore to reduce the size of a network. antennas.
  • a printed antenna according to the invention and as defined in the introduction is characterized in that the radiating element consists of several narrow conductive strips extending perpendicular to the coupling slot.
  • the narrow bands maintain polarization along their longitudinal direction and thus prevent excitation of the mode orthogonal to the polarization thus defined.
  • two elementary antennas having coplanar and perpendicular conductive bands between them offer an almost zero coupling, which makes it possible to bring them together, and therefore to increase the antenna density and the compactness in a dual polarization network.
  • the antenna 1a is supplied by a microwave microstrip line supported by a first dielectric substrate 2a of thickness d2 and of relative permittivity ⁇ r2 predetermined.
  • the substrate 2a is printed on both sides.
  • the underside of the substrate comprises a conductive strip 3a of predetermined width W3.
  • the upper face of the substrate 2a is covered with a ground conducting plane 4a.
  • a rectangular portion of the upper face of the substrate 2a is devoid of conductive material to form a coupling slot 5a.
  • the longitudinal axis of the slot 5a is perpendicular to the microstrip 3a, while the transverse axis of the slot 5a is parallel to and vertically aligned with the axis of the microstrip.
  • the length and width of the slot 5a are denoted by L5 and W5 in FIG. 1.
  • the elementary antenna 1a also comprises a conductive plate 6a ("patch" in English terminology) constituting the radiating element of the antenna.
  • the plate 6a is superimposed above the ground plane 4a, opposite the underside of the substrate 2a supporting the microstrip 3a, by means of a second dielectric substrate 7a.
  • the substrate 7a has a thickness d7 and a relative permittivity ⁇ r7 generally different from d2 and ⁇ r2 respectively, the constant ⁇ r7 often being less than ⁇ r2 and close to unity to increase the bandwidth of the antenna.
  • the substrate 7a is fixed to the conductive plane 4a of the first substrate, for example with epoxy cement.
  • the plate 6a is full, unlike the openwork character of the ground plane 4a imparted by the presence of the slot 5a.
  • the plate 6a is rectangular and has predetermined width W6 and length L6 much larger than the dimensions of the slot 5a, as shown in FIG. 3.
  • the radiating plate can be square, circular, trapezoidal, polygonal or else elliptical as shown in FIG. 4.
  • the centers of the slot 5a and of the plate 6a are superimposed vertically, that is to say aligned perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the microstrip 3a.
  • the transverse and longitudinal axes of the slot 5a are here parallel to the transverse and longitudinal axes of the plate 6a, respectively.
  • a thin dielectric plate (not shown) serving as a protective cover can be glued to the upper face of the second substrate 7a supporting the printed plate 6a.
  • the two substrates possibly with the protective cover thus form a monolithic elementary antenna.
  • Fig. 2 illustrates electric field lines E in the antenna 1a which are seen in the vertical plane comprising the longitudinal axis of the microstrip 3a and the transverse axis of the slot 5a, and therefore which extend perpendicular to the slot 5a.
  • Fig. 3 shows surface current lines on the radiating plate 6a. These figures show, as already said, current lines which are curvilinear on either side of the transverse axis of the slot 5a and therefore field lines not perpendicular to the slot which disturbs any field polarization in the environment close to the antenna 1a, and in particular causes this antenna 1a to couple with any other neighboring elementary antenna in a flat antenna array.
  • FIG. 5 An elementary printed antenna 1b with coupling slot and microstrip microwave power supply line according to the invention is illustrated in FIG. 5.
  • This antenna 1b is therefore of the same type as the known antenna 1a described above and comprises elements 2b, 3b, 4b, 5b and 7b, identified with the index b, respectively analogous to those 2a, 3a, 4a , 5a and 7a of antenna 1a.
  • the antenna 1b comprises, in place of the metal plate 6a, several narrow parallel metal strips 8b forming the radiating element of the antenna 1b.
  • the strips 8b are printed on the upper face of the second substrate 7b.
  • the strips 8 thus extend parallel to the microstrip 3b and perpendicular to the slot 5b, and are distributed symmetrically on either side of the transverse axis of the slot 5b.
  • the contour formed by the ends of the strips 8b can be similar to that of the plate 6a, and is for example rectangular as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, or elliptical as shown in fig. 7, or even circular or polygonal.
  • FIG. 8 a double polarization array comprising two sub-arrays each having sixteen elementary antennas according to the invention is shown in FIG. 8.
  • the first sub-array includes sixteen 1X1 to 1X16 antennas with Ex polarization which are uniformly distributed in four parallel rows 1X1 to 1X4, 1X5 to 1X8, 1X9 to 1X12 and 1X13 to 1X16, forming linear networks.
  • the first antenna sub-network is supplied by a microstrip line 9X which ends in a tree line in the network by means of power dividers by two 10X in order to supply the four rows, then pairs of antennas and finally each of the elementary antennas of a pair.
  • the 1X1 to 1X16 antennas are thus regularly distributed in a square matrix.
  • the second sub-network also includes four linear antenna sub-networks 1Y1 to 1Y4, 1Y5 to 1Y8, 1Y9 to 1Y12 and 1Y13 to 1Y16 forming lines of a square matrix interleaved two by two with the lines of the first sub-network .
  • a microstrip line 9Y also arborescent through power dividers by two 10Y supplies the second sub-network.
  • Line 9Y is analogous to line 9X and originates from a side opposite line 9Y with respect to the array, and the antennas in the first subarray are staggered relative to the antennas in the second subarray, the subnetwork columns also being interleaved two by two.
  • the two sub-arrays have in common the two dielectric substrates 2b and 7b between which extends the ground plane 4b with slots 5X and 5Y associated with the antennas 1X1 to 1X16 and 1Y1 to 1Y16, and under the first 2b of which are printed the 3X and 3Y line microstrips associated with said antennas, respectively.
  • the radiating bands 8X and 8Y of the two sub-arrays are thus coplanar on the upper face of the substrate 7b.
  • the antennas 1X1 to 1X16 have their radiating bands 8X, extending in a direction Ex, while the antennas 1Y1 to 1Y16 have their radiating bands 8Y extend in a direction Ey perpendicular to the direction Ex.
  • the antennas according to the invention thus associated with orthogonal pure polarizations can be very close to one another, unlike networks according to the prior art, since the Ex and Ey polarizations are perfectly rectilinear and orthogonal, and therefore do not disturb each other.
  • a 1X, 1Y antenna is "framed" by four other 1Y, 1X antennas according to fig.8. This results in greater compactness which is particularly advantageous when the antenna network is embedded for example in a satellite, a missile or other device.
  • microstrip supply lines microstrip
  • triplate lines stripline
  • coaxial lines For a three-ply line, a third dielectric substrate is fixed under the underside of the first substrate 2b; a reflective ground conductor plane is printed under the underside of the third substrate.
  • the distribution of antennas in a network can be different from that shown in fig. 8.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Waveguide Aerials (AREA)
  • Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)

Claims (6)

  1. Antenne in gedruckter Schaltungstechnik (1b) mit einem dielektrischen Substrat (7b), einem flächigen Masseleiter (5b) einer Ultrahochfrequenz-Versorgungsleitung (3b), der auf einer Seite des Substrats angeordnet ist, und einem strahlenden Element, das auf der anderen Seite des Substrats angeordnet ist, wobei der flächige Leiter einen Koppelschlitz (5b) zur Verbindung der Versorgungsleitung mit dem strahlenden Element aufweist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das strahlende Element aus mehreren schmalen leitenden Streifen (8b) besteht, die senkrecht zum Koppelschlitz (5b) ausgerichtet sind.
  2. Antenne nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Streifen (8b) symmetrisch beiderseits der Querachse des Schlitzes (5b) angeordnet sind.
  3. Antennennetzwerk mit mehreren ersten Antennen (1X₁ - 1X₁₆), nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, bei denen die Streifen (8X) parallel zueinander angeordnet sind.
  4. Antennennetzwerk nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß es mehrere zweite Antennen (1Y₁ - 1Y₁₆) nach Anspruch 1 oder 2 aufweist, deren Streifen (8Y) parallel zueinander ausgerichtet sind und sich in gleicher Ebene und senkrecht zu den Streifen (8X) der ersten Antennen (1X₁ - 1X₁₆) erstrecken.
  5. Antennennetzwerk nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß diejenigen Antennen, die am nächsten zu einer ersten bzw. zweiten Antenne (1X, 1Y) angeordnet sind, zweite bzw. erste Antennen sind (1Y, 1X).
  6. Antennennetzwerk nach Anspruch 4 oder 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die ersten Antennen (1X₁ - 1X₁₆) entlang den Reihen einer ersten Matrix angeordnet sind, die paarweise mit den Reihen einer zweiten Matrix verflochten sind, entlang denen die zweiten Antennen (1Y₁ - 1Y₁₆) angeordnet sind.
EP19910402915 1990-10-31 1991-10-30 Antenne in gedruckter Schaltungstechnik für eine zweifach polarisierte Gruppenantenne Expired - Lifetime EP0484241B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9013563A FR2668655B1 (fr) 1990-10-31 1990-10-31 Antenne imprimee pour reseau a double polarisation.
FR9013563 1990-10-31

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0484241A1 EP0484241A1 (de) 1992-05-06
EP0484241B1 true EP0484241B1 (de) 1995-04-12

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EP19910402915 Expired - Lifetime EP0484241B1 (de) 1990-10-31 1991-10-30 Antenne in gedruckter Schaltungstechnik für eine zweifach polarisierte Gruppenantenne

Country Status (3)

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EP (1) EP0484241B1 (de)
DE (1) DE69108849T2 (de)
FR (1) FR2668655B1 (de)

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NZ247365A (en) * 1992-04-13 1995-07-26 Andrew Corp Microwave patch antenna for cellular telephony base station
US5309164A (en) * 1992-04-13 1994-05-03 Andrew Corporation Patch-type microwave antenna having wide bandwidth and low cross-pol
FR2703190B1 (fr) * 1993-03-26 1995-05-12 Alcatel Espace Structure rayonnante à directivité variable.
US5923296A (en) * 1996-09-06 1999-07-13 Raytheon Company Dual polarized microstrip patch antenna array for PCS base stations
EP1012911A1 (de) * 1997-09-26 2000-06-28 Raytheon Company Dualpolarisierte mikrostreifenleitergruppenantenne für pcs-basisstation
FR2801139B1 (fr) * 1999-11-12 2001-12-21 France Telecom Antenne imprimee bi-bande
US10056701B2 (en) 2016-04-29 2018-08-21 Laird Technologies, Inc. Multiband WiFi directional antennas

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3155975A (en) * 1962-05-07 1964-11-03 Ryan Aeronautical Co Circular polarization antenna composed of an elongated microstrip with a plurality of space staggered radiating elements
US4403221A (en) * 1981-08-10 1983-09-06 Honeywell Inc. Millimeter wave microstrip antenna
US4926189A (en) * 1988-05-10 1990-05-15 Communications Satellite Corporation High-gain single- and dual-polarized antennas employing gridded printed-circuit elements
JPH01297905A (ja) * 1988-05-26 1989-12-01 Matsushita Electric Works Ltd 平面アンテナ

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE69108849T2 (de) 1995-12-07
DE69108849D1 (de) 1995-05-18
EP0484241A1 (de) 1992-05-06
FR2668655B1 (fr) 1993-07-30
FR2668655A1 (fr) 1992-04-30

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