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EP0469442B1 - Device for mixing gases or vapours - Google Patents

Device for mixing gases or vapours Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0469442B1
EP0469442B1 EP91112386A EP91112386A EP0469442B1 EP 0469442 B1 EP0469442 B1 EP 0469442B1 EP 91112386 A EP91112386 A EP 91112386A EP 91112386 A EP91112386 A EP 91112386A EP 0469442 B1 EP0469442 B1 EP 0469442B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
mixing chamber
admixing
carrier gas
capillary
gaseous
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP91112386A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0469442A1 (en
Inventor
Franz Etzweiler
Norbert Neuner-Jehle
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Givaudan SA
Original Assignee
Givaudan Roure International SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
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Publication of EP0469442A1 publication Critical patent/EP0469442A1/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F23/00—Mixing according to the phases to be mixed, e.g. dispersing or emulsifying
    • B01F23/10—Mixing gases with gases
    • B01F23/12—Mixing gases with gases with vaporisation of a liquid
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
    • B01F25/30—Injector mixers
    • B01F25/31—Injector mixers in conduits or tubes through which the main component flows
    • B01F25/313—Injector mixers in conduits or tubes through which the main component flows wherein additional components are introduced in the centre of the conduit
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F35/00—Accessories for mixers; Auxiliary operations or auxiliary devices; Parts or details of general application
    • B01F35/71—Feed mechanisms
    • B01F35/712—Feed mechanisms for feeding fluids
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F35/00—Accessories for mixers; Auxiliary operations or auxiliary devices; Parts or details of general application
    • B01F35/71—Feed mechanisms
    • B01F35/717—Feed mechanisms characterised by the means for feeding the components to the mixer
    • B01F35/71805—Feed mechanisms characterised by the means for feeding the components to the mixer using valves, gates, orifices or openings
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F23/00—Mixing according to the phases to be mixed, e.g. dispersing or emulsifying
    • B01F23/06—Mixing phases by adding a very small quantity of one of the phases or microdosing
    • B01F23/061—Adding a small quantity or concentration of an additional phase in a main phase, e.g. acting as a carrier phase

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for admixing a gas or. vaporous substance, in particular a fragrance, to a gas stream in a mixing chamber to which the gaseous or vaporous substance is fed via a line by means of a carrier gas.
  • a device for mixing fragrances is known from US-A-4,520,651.
  • the vapors of the fragrances to be mixed are mixed with odorless carrier gas and these individual gas mixtures are combined in a mixing chamber in order to produce a fragrance composition.
  • the lines which lead the odorless gas to the storage containers containing the odoriferous substances have controllable valves with which the odorless gas can be switched on and off and the gas quantities can be regulated individually.
  • This known device has the disadvantage that when the valves are opened, i.e. when adding an individual fragrance component or increasing the concentration in the lines, the surfaces must first be saturated. The concentration of the fragrance in the mixing chamber slowly increases until an equilibrium is reached. Conversely, when switching off, so-called memory effects occur because fragrances that desorb from the surfaces can get into the mixing chamber by diffusion. The waiting time until a state of equilibrium is reached and an olfactory assessment of the composition can be made is relatively long.
  • Another disadvantage of the known mixing device is that it allows measurements of odor threshold values at which exactly Defined amounts of a fragrance-saturated gas are added to an odorless diluent gas, are not possible.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a device with which both fragrance mixtures can be produced or varied quickly and reproducibly, and threshold value determinations can be carried out simply and precisely.
  • this object is achieved by a device of the type mentioned at the outset, which is characterized in that the line contains a capillary which is arranged in a feed device with two defined positions in such a way that it is in one position through an opening provided with closure means Mixing chamber extends into the interior and opens in the second position outside the mixing chamber in a suction chamber surrounding the mixing chamber.
  • the line including its moving parts consists of a metal capillary and is continuously flowed through by the carrier gas saturated with the gaseous substance.
  • the feed device can preferably be a pneumatically operated piston in a cylinder.
  • the closing means of the opening of the mixing chamber expediently consist of an elastic membrane. The air or the resulting mixture of air, carrier gas and the gaseous substance is expediently sucked out of the suction chamber surrounding the mixing chamber.
  • a particular embodiment is used to produce a mixture of several fragrances in a gas stream and for this purpose has a large number of lines with capillaries and a corresponding number of feed devices and openings of the mixing chamber provided with closure means.
  • the single figure of the drawing shows, partly in perspective and partly in section, a device for admixing several fragrances to a gas stream, ie in other words, for producing fragrance mixtures in a gas stream.
  • This device can also be used to determine the threshold value by adding only a single fragrance and varying its concentration.
  • a device which is used exclusively for determining the threshold value is constructed on the same principle as the embodiment described below.
  • the mixtures are produced in a mixing chamber 1, which essentially consists of an elongated tube 2 open on both sides, at the upper end of which the opening 3 is widened to a triangular shape adapted to the human nose.
  • a continuous air flow 5 is fed through the lower opening 4. This suitably corresponds to the usual amount for normal breathing of about 8 to 10 liters per minute.
  • the mixing chamber is preferably made of glass. In its lower part it has a number of openings 6 which are all arranged at the same height and evenly distributed over the circumference. Alternatively, the openings could also be arranged at different heights, in particular e.g. on two levels if there are more openings than there is space on one level.
  • the openings are covered by an elastic membrane 7.
  • the membrane is made of rubber, for example, and has the property of closing again after perforation by a needle and withdrawal of the needle.
  • the openings 6 can also be covered with other mechanical devices instead of membranes, e.g. Flaps, etc., or omitted entirely if the diameter of the openings is kept small enough.
  • the feed system 8 Arranged around the lower part of the mixing chamber 1 which is provided with the openings 6 is a feed system 8 for the fragrance components which are mixed in the mixing chamber.
  • the feed system 8 essentially consists of a feed device 9 and a line system 10 for supplying the fragrance components from storage containers 11 to the mixing chamber 1.
  • the feed device 9 consists of an annular housing 12, in which holes 13, in which push rods 14 are guided axially displaceably, are arranged uniformly distributed around the circumference in the same angular positions as the openings 6.
  • the bores 13 form chambers 15 with larger ones Cross section expanded, which have the function of cylinders.
  • the push rods 14 are surrounded approximately in the middle by an annular, cuff-like piston 16, which divides the chambers 15 into two airtight parts.
  • the compressed air supply is symbolized by the arrows 18.
  • the push rods 14 are provided with central axial bores in which capillaries 19 are arranged. On the side of the push rods facing the mixing chamber, the capillaries project so far beyond the push rods that their end 20 projects into the mixing chamber when, as shown on the left-hand side of the figure, the push rod is pneumatically pushed inwards, while the end 20 is like Shown on the right side, remains outside the mixing chamber when the push rod is pneumatically moved outwards.
  • the capillaries 19 are connected by lines 21 to the already mentioned storage vessels 11 for the fragrance.
  • the capillaries 19 and the associated moving connecting lines 21 each consist of a single steel capillary. If necessary, another metal, for example platinum, can also be provided.
  • An inert carrier gas for example nitrogen, which is symbolized by the arrow 23, is fed to the storage containers 11 via a feed line 22.
  • Valves 24 are arranged in the lines 22, with which the carrier gas flow can be metered.
  • a suction chamber 25 is provided between the mixing chamber 1 and the feed device 9, in which the capillary openings are located when they are pushed outwards with the push rod 14.
  • the air or an air / fragrance mixture that is created there is continuously extracted from this suction space 25, as symbolized by the arrow 26.
  • the device has twelve openings 6 and, accordingly, the feed device also has twelve pneumatic cylinders 15 with push rods 14 and the associated capillaries 19, which are each connected to corresponding storage vessels 11 .
  • the capillary mouths are pushed into the mixing chamber with the feed device.
  • the continuous gas stream of carrier gas and fragrance enters the main air stream 5 which flows through the mixing chamber.
  • All other capillaries, the associated components of which should not get into the mixture, but which are still needed in the course of the test series are also continuously flowed through by the carrier gas with fragrance, which, however, gets into the suction chamber and is sucked off from there.
  • the corresponding capillary is inserted into the mixing chamber by means of the feed device, whereby the component is immediately present in the desired constant concentration.
  • the concentration of the individual components is determined via the flow of the carrier gas 23, i.e. controlled by the valves 24.
  • the valves 24 enable the nitrogen flow to be controlled between 0 and 1000 ml per minute. If necessary, larger flows of several liters per minute can also be provided by suitable selection of the capillaries and valves.
  • the device has the advantage that the problem of adsorption or desorption on the inner surfaces of the lines is eliminated as a result of the continuous flow through the capillary lines with the mixture of carrier gas and fragrance.
  • the fragrance concentrations set in the channels are always in equilibrium and therefore always have constant values.
  • the intended mixing ratio is practically instantaneous, i.e. achieved much faster than with previously known methods.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Disinfection, Sterilisation Or Deodorisation Of Air (AREA)
  • Cosmetics (AREA)
  • Feeding, Discharge, Calcimining, Fusing, And Gas-Generation Devices (AREA)
  • Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung zum Zumischen eines gasbzw. dampfförmigen Stoffes, insbesondere eines Riechstoffes, zu einem Gasstrom in einer Mischkammer welcher der gas- bzw. dampfförmige Stoff über eine Leitung mittels eines Trägergases zugeführt wird.The invention relates to a device for admixing a gas or. vaporous substance, in particular a fragrance, to a gas stream in a mixing chamber to which the gaseous or vaporous substance is fed via a line by means of a carrier gas.

Eine Vorrichtung zum Mischen von Riechstoffen ist aus der US-A-4,520,651 bekannt. In dieser Vorrichtung werden die Dämpfe der zu mischenden Riechstoffe mit geruchlosem Trägergas gemischt und diese einzelnen Gasmischungen in einer Mischkammer zusammengeführt, um eine Riechstoffkomposition zu erzeugen. Die Leitungen, die das geruchlose Gas zu den die Riechstoffe enthaltenden Vorratsbehältern führen, weisen steuerbare Ventile auf, mit denen das geruchlose Gas ein-und ausgeschaltet werden kann und die Gasmengen individuell geregelt werden können.A device for mixing fragrances is known from US-A-4,520,651. In this device, the vapors of the fragrances to be mixed are mixed with odorless carrier gas and these individual gas mixtures are combined in a mixing chamber in order to produce a fragrance composition. The lines which lead the odorless gas to the storage containers containing the odoriferous substances have controllable valves with which the odorless gas can be switched on and off and the gas quantities can be regulated individually.

Dieses bekannte Gerät hat den Nachteil, dass beim Öffnen der Ventile, d.h. beim Zuschalten einer individuellen Riechstoffkomponente oder auch bei der Erhöhung der Konzentration in den Leitungen, zuerst die Oberflächen abgesättigt werden müssen. Die Konzentration des Riechstoffs in der Mischkammer nimmt bis zum Erreichen eines Gleichgewichtszustandes langsam zu. Umgekehrt kommt es beim Abschalten zu sogenannten Memory-Effekten, weil von den Oberflächen desorbierende Riechstoffe durch Diffusion in die Mischkammer gelangen können. Die Wartezeit, bis jeweils ein Gleichgewichtszustand erreicht ist und eine geruchliche Bewertung der Komposition vorgenommen werden kann, ist relativ lang.This known device has the disadvantage that when the valves are opened, i.e. when adding an individual fragrance component or increasing the concentration in the lines, the surfaces must first be saturated. The concentration of the fragrance in the mixing chamber slowly increases until an equilibrium is reached. Conversely, when switching off, so-called memory effects occur because fragrances that desorb from the surfaces can get into the mixing chamber by diffusion. The waiting time until a state of equilibrium is reached and an olfactory assessment of the composition can be made is relatively long.

Ein weiterer Nachteil der bekannten Mischvorrichtung besteht darin, dass mit ihr Messungen von Geruchsschwellenwerten, bei denen genau definierte Mengen eines riechstoffgesättigten Gases einem geruchlosen Verdünnungsgas zugesetzt werden, nicht möglich sind.Another disadvantage of the known mixing device is that it allows measurements of odor threshold values at which exactly Defined amounts of a fragrance-saturated gas are added to an odorless diluent gas, are not possible.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Vorrichtung zu schaffen, mit der sowohl Riechstoffmischungen schnell und reproduzierbar hergestellt oder variiert, als auch Schwellenwertbestimmungen einfach und präzise durchgeführt werden können.The invention has for its object to provide a device with which both fragrance mixtures can be produced or varied quickly and reproducibly, and threshold value determinations can be carried out simply and precisely.

Erfindungsgemäss wird diese Aufgabe gelöst durch eine Vorrichtung der eingangs genannten Art, die sich dadurch auszeichnet, dass die Leitung eine Kapillare enthält, die in einer Vorschubeinrichtung mit zwei definierten Positionen angeordnet ist derart, dass sie sich in einer Position durch eine mit Verschlussmitteln versehene Öffnung der Mischkammer in deren Innenraum erstreckt und in der zweiten Position ausserhalb der Mischkammer in einem die Mischkammer umgebenden Absaugraum mündet.According to the invention, this object is achieved by a device of the type mentioned at the outset, which is characterized in that the line contains a capillary which is arranged in a feed device with two defined positions in such a way that it is in one position through an opening provided with closure means Mixing chamber extends into the interior and opens in the second position outside the mixing chamber in a suction chamber surrounding the mixing chamber.

Nach einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Erfindung besteht die Leitung einschliesslich ihrer bewegten Teile aus einer Metallkapillare und wird von dem mit dem gasförmigen Stoff gesättigten Trägergas kontinuierlich durchströmt. Die Vorschubeinrichtung kann vorzugsweise ein pneumatisch betätigter Kolben in einem Zylinder sein. Die Verschlussmittel der Öffnung der Mischkammer bestehen zweckmässigerweise aus einer elastischen Membran. Aus dem die Mischkammer umgebenden Absaugraum wird zweckmässigerweise die Luft bzw. das dort entstehende Gemisch aus Luft, Trägergas und dem gasförmigen Stoff kontinuierlich abgesaugt.According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the line including its moving parts consists of a metal capillary and is continuously flowed through by the carrier gas saturated with the gaseous substance. The feed device can preferably be a pneumatically operated piston in a cylinder. The closing means of the opening of the mixing chamber expediently consist of an elastic membrane. The air or the resulting mixture of air, carrier gas and the gaseous substance is expediently sucked out of the suction chamber surrounding the mixing chamber.

Eine besondere Ausführungsform dient zur Herstellung einer Mischung aus mehreren Riechstoffen in einem Gasstrom und besitzt zu diesem Zweck eine Vielzahl von Leitungen mit Kapillaren und eine entsprechende Zahl von Vorschubeinrichtungen und von mit Verschlussmitteln versehenen Oeffnungen der Mischkammer.A particular embodiment is used to produce a mixture of several fragrances in a gas stream and for this purpose has a large number of lines with capillaries and a corresponding number of feed devices and openings of the mixing chamber provided with closure means.

Im folgenden ist anhand der beiliegenden Zeichnung ein bevorzugtes Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung beschrieben.A preferred embodiment of the invention is described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Die einzige Figur der Zeichnung zeigt teilweise in perspektivischer Darstellung und teilweise im Schnitt eine Vorrichtung zum Zumischen mehrerer Riechstoffe zu einem Gasstrom, d.h. mit anderen Worten, zur Herstellung von Riechstoffmischungen in einem Gasstrom. Für die sog. Schwellenwertbestimmung kann diese Vorrichtung ebenfalls benutzt werden, indem nur ein einziger Riechstoff zugeführt und in seiner Konzentration variiert wird. Eine Vorrichtung, die ausschliesslich für die Schwellenwertbestimmung eingesetzt wird, ist nach dem gleichen Prinzip wie die nachfolgend beschriebene Ausführungsform aufgebaut.The single figure of the drawing shows, partly in perspective and partly in section, a device for admixing several fragrances to a gas stream, ie in other words, for producing fragrance mixtures in a gas stream. For the so-called This device can also be used to determine the threshold value by adding only a single fragrance and varying its concentration. A device which is used exclusively for determining the threshold value is constructed on the same principle as the embodiment described below.

Bei der in der Zeichnung gezeigten Vorrichtung werden die Mischungen in einer Mischkammer 1 erzeugt, die im wesentlichen aus einem langgestreckten, auf beiden Seiten offenen Rohr 2 besteht, an dessen oberem Ende die Öffnung 3 zu einer an die menschliche Nase angepassten Dreiecksform erweitert ist. Durch die untere Öffnung 4 wird ein kontinuierlicher Luftstrom 5 zugeführt. Dieser entspricht zweckmässigerweise der für die normale Atmung üblichen Menge von ca. 8 bis 10 Liter pro Minute.In the device shown in the drawing, the mixtures are produced in a mixing chamber 1, which essentially consists of an elongated tube 2 open on both sides, at the upper end of which the opening 3 is widened to a triangular shape adapted to the human nose. A continuous air flow 5 is fed through the lower opening 4. This suitably corresponds to the usual amount for normal breathing of about 8 to 10 liters per minute.

Die Mischkammer besteht vorzugsweise aus Glas. In ihrem unteren Teil besitzt sie eine Reihe von Öffnungen 6 die alle auf gleicher Höhe und gleichmässig über den Umfang verteilt angeordnet sind. Alternativ könnten die Öffnungen auch auf unterschiedlichen Höhen angeordnet sein, insbesondere z.B. auf zwei Ebenen, wenn mehr Öffnungen vorgesehen sind, als in einer Ebene Platz haben. Die Öffnungen sind durch eine elastische Membran 7 bedeckt. Die Membran besteht beispielsweise aus Kautschuk und hat die Eigenschaft sich nach der Perforation durch eine Nadel und Rückzug der Nadel wieder zu schliessen.The mixing chamber is preferably made of glass. In its lower part it has a number of openings 6 which are all arranged at the same height and evenly distributed over the circumference. Alternatively, the openings could also be arranged at different heights, in particular e.g. on two levels if there are more openings than there is space on one level. The openings are covered by an elastic membrane 7. The membrane is made of rubber, for example, and has the property of closing again after perforation by a needle and withdrawal of the needle.

Die Abdeckung der Öffnungen 6 kann statt mit Membranen auch mit anderen mechanischen Vorrichtungen erfolgen, z.B. Klappen, etc., oder ganz weggelassen werden, wenn der Durchmesser der Öffnungen klein genug gehalten wird.The openings 6 can also be covered with other mechanical devices instead of membranes, e.g. Flaps, etc., or omitted entirely if the diameter of the openings is kept small enough.

Um den unteren, mit den Öffnungen 6 versehenen Teil der Mischkammer 1 herum angeordnet ist ein Zuführungssystem 8 für die Riechstoffkomponenten, die in der Mischkammer gemischt werden. Das Zuführungssystem 8 besteht im wesentlichen aus einer Vorschubeinrichtung 9 und einem Leitungssystem 10 zur Zuleitung der Riechstoffkomponenten von Vorratsbehältern 11 zur Mischkammer 1.Arranged around the lower part of the mixing chamber 1 which is provided with the openings 6 is a feed system 8 for the fragrance components which are mixed in the mixing chamber. The feed system 8 essentially consists of a feed device 9 and a line system 10 for supplying the fragrance components from storage containers 11 to the mixing chamber 1.

Die Vorschubeinrichtung 9 besteht aus einem ringförmigen Gehäuse 12, in welchem gleichmässig um den Umfang verteilt in den gleichen Winkelpositionen wie die Öffnungen 6 Bohrungen 13 angeordnet sind, in denen Schubstangen 14 axial verschiebbar geführt werden. Im inneren Gehäusebereich sind die Bohrungen 13 zu Kammern 15 mit grösserem Querschnitt erweitert, die die Funktion von Zylindern haben. Die Schubstangen 14 sind etwa in ihrer Mitte von einem ringförmigen, manschettenartigen Kolben 16 umgeben, der die Kammern 15 in zwei luftdicht voneinander getrennte Teile unterteilt. Zu jedem der beiden Teile führt eine Zuleitung 17 über die abwechselnd Druckluft zugeführt wird, um innerhalb des Zylinders 15 die Kolben 16 und damit die Schubstangen 14 pneumatisch in die eine oder andere Richtung zu bewegen. Die Druckluftzuführung ist durch die Pfeile 18 symbolisiert.The feed device 9 consists of an annular housing 12, in which holes 13, in which push rods 14 are guided axially displaceably, are arranged uniformly distributed around the circumference in the same angular positions as the openings 6. In the inner housing area, the bores 13 form chambers 15 with larger ones Cross section expanded, which have the function of cylinders. The push rods 14 are surrounded approximately in the middle by an annular, cuff-like piston 16, which divides the chambers 15 into two airtight parts. To each of the two parts there is a feed line 17 via which compressed air is alternately supplied in order to pneumatically move the pistons 16 and thus the push rods 14 in one direction or the other within the cylinder 15. The compressed air supply is symbolized by the arrows 18.

Die Schubstangen 14 sind mit zentralen axialen Bohrungen versehen, in denen Kapillaren 19 angeordnet sind. Die Kapillaren ragen auf der der Mischkammer zugewandten Seite der Schubstangen soweit über die Schubstangen hinaus, dass ihr Ende 20 in die Mischkammer hineinragt, wenn, wie auf der linken Seite der Figur gezeigt, die Schubstange pneumatisch nach innen geschoben ist, während das Ende 20 wie auf der rechten Seite gezeigt, ausserhalb der Mischkammer verbleibt, wenn die Schubstange pneumatisch nach aussen verschoben ist.The push rods 14 are provided with central axial bores in which capillaries 19 are arranged. On the side of the push rods facing the mixing chamber, the capillaries project so far beyond the push rods that their end 20 projects into the mixing chamber when, as shown on the left-hand side of the figure, the push rod is pneumatically pushed inwards, while the end 20 is like Shown on the right side, remains outside the mixing chamber when the push rod is pneumatically moved outwards.

Alternativ zur pneumatischen kann auch eine mechanische, elektromechanische oder hydraulische Betätigung der Vorschubeinrichtung vorgesehen werden. Die konstruktive Gestaltung dieser alternativen Möglichkeiten stellt an den Fachmann keine besonderen Anforderungen.As an alternative to pneumatic, mechanical, electromechanical or hydraulic actuation of the feed device can also be provided. The constructive design of these alternative options places no special demands on the person skilled in the art.

Die Kapillaren 19 sind durch Leitungen 21 mit den bereits erwähnten Vorratsgefässen 11 für den Riechstoff verbunden. Beim vorliegenden Ausführungsbeispiel bestehen die Kapillaren 19 und die dazugehörigen bewegten Verbindungsleitungen 21 jeweils aus einer einzigen Stahlkapillare. Falls erforderlich, kann auch ein anderes Metall, beispielsweise Platin, vorgesehen werden.The capillaries 19 are connected by lines 21 to the already mentioned storage vessels 11 for the fragrance. In the present exemplary embodiment, the capillaries 19 and the associated moving connecting lines 21 each consist of a single steel capillary. If necessary, another metal, for example platinum, can also be provided.

Ueber eine Zuführungsleitung 22 wird ein inertes Trägergas, beispielsweise Stickstoff, das durch den Pfeil 23 symbolisiert ist, zu den Vorratsbehältern 11 geführt. In den Leitungen 22 sind Ventile 24 angeordnet, mit denen der Trägergasstrom dosiert werden kann.An inert carrier gas, for example nitrogen, which is symbolized by the arrow 23, is fed to the storage containers 11 via a feed line 22. Valves 24 are arranged in the lines 22, with which the carrier gas flow can be metered.

Zwischen der Mischkammer 1 und der Vorschubeinrichtung 9 ist ein Absaugraum 25 vorgesehen, in dem die Kapillarenmündungen sich befinden, wenn sie mit der Schubstange 14 nach aussen geschoben sind. Aus diesem Absaugraum 25 wird die Luft bzw. ein dort entstehendes Luft/Riechstoffgemisch kontinuierlich abgesaugt, wie dies durch den Pfeil 26 symbolisiert ist.A suction chamber 25 is provided between the mixing chamber 1 and the feed device 9, in which the capillary openings are located when they are pushed outwards with the push rod 14. The air or an air / fragrance mixture that is created there is continuously extracted from this suction space 25, as symbolized by the arrow 26.

Zur Herstellung einer Riechstoffkomposition von beispielsweise bis zu zwölf Komponenten, die ihrerseits bereits Mischungen darstellen können, besitzt die Vorrichtung zwölf Öffnungen 6 und dementsprechend die Vorschubeinrichtung auch zwölf pneumatische Zylinder 15 mit Schubstangen 14 und den zugehörigen Kapillaren 19, die jeweils mit entsprechenden Vorratsgefässen 11 verbunden sind. Für die Komponenten die an der Mischung beteiligt sein sollen, werden die Kapillarenmündungen mit der Vorschubeinrichtung in die Mischkammer eingeschoben. Der kontinuierliche Gasstrom aus Trägergas und Riechstoff gelangt in den Hauptluftstrom 5 der durch die Mischkammer strömt. Alle anderen Kapillaren deren zugehörige Komponenten nicht in die Mischung gelangen sollen, die aber im Verlauf der Testreihe noch gebraucht werden, werden ebenfalls kontinuierlich vom Trägergas mit Riechstoff durchströmt, das jedoch in den Absaugraum gelangt und von dort abgesaugt wird. Wenn nun eine Komponente zusätzlich in die Mischung gelangen soll, so wird mittels der Vorschubeinrichtung die entsprechende Kapillare in die Mischkammer eingeschoben, wodurch die Komponente sofort in der gewünschten konstanten Konzentration vorhanden ist.To produce a fragrance composition of, for example, up to twelve components, which in turn can already be mixtures, the device has twelve openings 6 and, accordingly, the feed device also has twelve pneumatic cylinders 15 with push rods 14 and the associated capillaries 19, which are each connected to corresponding storage vessels 11 . For the components that are to be involved in the mixing, the capillary mouths are pushed into the mixing chamber with the feed device. The continuous gas stream of carrier gas and fragrance enters the main air stream 5 which flows through the mixing chamber. All other capillaries, the associated components of which should not get into the mixture, but which are still needed in the course of the test series, are also continuously flowed through by the carrier gas with fragrance, which, however, gets into the suction chamber and is sucked off from there. If an additional component is to be added to the mixture, the corresponding capillary is inserted into the mixing chamber by means of the feed device, whereby the component is immediately present in the desired constant concentration.

Die Konzentration der Einzelkomponenten wird über den Fluss des Trägergases 23, d.h. mittels der Ventile 24 gesteuert. Die Ventile 24 ermöglichen eine Steuerung des Stickstoffstroms zwischen 0 und 1000 ml pro Minute. Falls erforderlich, können durch geeignete Wahl der Kapillaren und Ventile auch grössere Flüsse von mehreren Litern pro Minute vorgesehen werden.The concentration of the individual components is determined via the flow of the carrier gas 23, i.e. controlled by the valves 24. The valves 24 enable the nitrogen flow to be controlled between 0 and 1000 ml per minute. If necessary, larger flows of several liters per minute can also be provided by suitable selection of the capillaries and valves.

Wie bereits erwähnt, hat die Vorrichtung den Vorteil, dass infolge der kontinuierlichen Durchströmung der kapillaren Leitungen mit dem Gemisch aus Trägergas und Riechstoff das Problem von Adsorption bzw. Desorption an den inneren Oberflächen der Leitungen eliminiert wird. Dies hat zur Folge, dass die eingestellten Riechstoffkonzentrationen in den Kanälen sich immer im Gleichgewicht befinden und somit immer konstante Werte aufweisen. Ferner kann es beim Abschalten eines Kanals zu keinem sog. Memory-Effekt kommen. Ausserdem wird durch die Methode des Einschiebens der Kapillaren in die Mischkammer bzw. ihres Herausziehens aus der Mischkammer das beabsichtigte Mischverhältnis praktisch augenblicklich, d.h. also wesentlich schneller als mit bisher bekannten Methoden erreicht.As already mentioned, the device has the advantage that the problem of adsorption or desorption on the inner surfaces of the lines is eliminated as a result of the continuous flow through the capillary lines with the mixture of carrier gas and fragrance. As a result, the fragrance concentrations set in the channels are always in equilibrium and therefore always have constant values. Furthermore, there can be no so-called memory effect when a channel is switched off. In addition, by the method of pushing the capillaries into the mixing chamber or pulling them out of the mixing chamber, the intended mixing ratio is practically instantaneous, i.e. achieved much faster than with previously known methods.

Claims (8)

  1. An apparatus for the admixing of a gaseous or vaporous substance, especially an odoriferous substance, to a gas stream in a mixing chamber (1), to which the gaseous substance is fed by means of a carrier gas (23) via a line (10), characterized in that the line (10) contains a capillary (19), which is arranged in an advancing device (9) with two defined positions in such a way that in one position it extends through an opening (6) of the mixing chamber (1) in the interior of the latter and in the second position opens out outside the mixing chamber (1) in a suction removal space (25) surrounding the mixing chamber(1).
  2. An admixing apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the carrier gas (23) flows continuously.
  3. An admixing apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that suction removal means (26) are provided which remove the carrier gas with the gaseous substance from the capillary (19) by suction when the latter is in the said second position, in which it opens out in the suction removal space (25).
  4. An admixing apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the line (10) comprises a continuous metal capillary, moved in the orifice region.
  5. An admixing apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the advancing device (9) is a piston (14, 16), movable in a cylinder (15).
  6. An admixing apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the opening (6) is provided with shut-off means (7).
  7. An admixing apparatus according to claim 6, characterized in that the shut-off means (7) comprise a flexible diaphragm.
  8. An admixing apparatus according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, for admixing a plurality of gaseous or vaporous substances to a gas stream, a plurality of lines (10) with capillaries (19) and a corresponding number of advancing devices (9) and of openings (6), provided with shut-off means (7), of the mixing chamber (1) are provided.
EP91112386A 1990-07-31 1991-07-24 Device for mixing gases or vapours Expired - Lifetime EP0469442B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH251790 1990-07-31
CH2517/90 1990-07-31

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EP0469442A1 EP0469442A1 (en) 1992-02-05
EP0469442B1 true EP0469442B1 (en) 1994-03-16

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US (1) US5198155A (en)
EP (1) EP0469442B1 (en)
JP (1) JP2525524B2 (en)
AR (1) AR243403A1 (en)
AU (1) AU645331B2 (en)
BR (1) BR9103234A (en)
CA (1) CA2046114A1 (en)
DE (1) DE59101197D1 (en)
DK (1) DK0469442T3 (en)
ES (1) ES2050490T3 (en)
HK (1) HK150895A (en)
MX (1) MX173643B (en)
ZA (1) ZA915162B (en)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2705037A1 (en) * 1993-05-11 1994-11-18 Viguerie Christian Marcel Selective mitigating device and distribution system equipped with this device
GB9709840D0 (en) * 1997-05-15 1997-07-09 Sinclair Int Ltd Assessment of the condition of fruit and vegetables
EP0883049A1 (en) * 1997-06-05 1998-12-09 Givaudan-Roure (International) S.A. Olfactometer
BR9801758A (en) * 1997-06-05 2000-02-22 Givaudan Roure Int Olfactometer
FR2865136B1 (en) * 2004-01-15 2007-11-23 Frederic Malle Consultants DEVICE FOR PROJECTING A PERFUMED AIR FLOW AND INSTALLATION COMPRISING SEVERAL DEVICES

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2950618A (en) * 1954-04-22 1960-08-30 John B Lewis Device for blending gaseous materials
US3902851A (en) * 1974-01-09 1975-09-02 Fats & Proteins Res Found Method of detecting odors and apparatus therefor
DE2538437C3 (en) * 1975-08-29 1980-05-08 Elastogran Maschinenbau Gmbh & Co, 8021 Strasslach Mixing device for multi-component plastics with a pore or cell structure, in particular polyurethane
US4263166A (en) * 1978-04-28 1981-04-21 Entek Corporation Spray foam insulation gun
DE2941975A1 (en) * 1979-10-17 1985-12-19 Desma-Werke Gmbh, 2807 Achim Polyurethane reagents mixer - has cylindrical chamber purged by axial piston and fed with reagents from 2 axially moving side pistons set at acute angles to chamber
US4520651A (en) * 1982-04-19 1985-06-04 Ira Litman Method and apparatus for obtaining the combined aroma of several substances
US4554820A (en) * 1982-04-19 1985-11-26 Ira Litman Method and apparatus for obtaining the combined aroma of several substances
US4470938A (en) * 1982-08-27 1984-09-11 Mobil Oil Corporation Method and apparatus for extrusion of thermoplastic foam
US4563893A (en) * 1983-04-22 1986-01-14 Necmi Tanyolac Methods and apparatus for detection and identification of volatile materials and odors
CA1318285C (en) * 1987-06-10 1993-05-25 Hiroji Machida Method for supplying aromas, apparatus therefore and facilities provided with same

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JPH04227038A (en) 1992-08-17
AU645331B2 (en) 1994-01-13
BR9103234A (en) 1992-02-18
AU8125991A (en) 1992-02-06
EP0469442A1 (en) 1992-02-05
MX173643B (en) 1994-03-18
AR243403A1 (en) 1993-08-31
ZA915162B (en) 1992-05-27
DE59101197D1 (en) 1994-04-21
JP2525524B2 (en) 1996-08-21
ES2050490T3 (en) 1994-05-16
DK0469442T3 (en) 1994-05-02
US5198155A (en) 1993-03-30
HK150895A (en) 1995-09-29
CA2046114A1 (en) 1992-02-01

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