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EP0469008B1 - Mur - Google Patents

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Publication number
EP0469008B1
EP0469008B1 EP90906117A EP90906117A EP0469008B1 EP 0469008 B1 EP0469008 B1 EP 0469008B1 EP 90906117 A EP90906117 A EP 90906117A EP 90906117 A EP90906117 A EP 90906117A EP 0469008 B1 EP0469008 B1 EP 0469008B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
wall
troughed
accordance
components
side walls
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP90906117A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0469008A1 (fr
Inventor
Rolf HÖLZER
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
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Individual
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to AT90906117T priority Critical patent/ATE93290T1/de
Publication of EP0469008A1 publication Critical patent/EP0469008A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0469008B1 publication Critical patent/EP0469008B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D29/00—Independent underground or underwater structures; Retaining walls
    • E02D29/02—Retaining or protecting walls
    • E02D29/0225—Retaining or protecting walls comprising retention means in the backfill
    • E02D29/0241—Retaining or protecting walls comprising retention means in the backfill the retention means being reinforced earth elements

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a wall made of reinforced concrete prefabricated parts with anchoring on the back with the aid of rotting-resistant geotextile webs designed as soft-flexible holding sheets, which are connected to the precast concrete parts by wrapping.
  • Such walls are required if you have to fill up larger areas of soil and, for reasons of space, require a very steep boundary that no longer corresponds to the angles of repose of the earth material. This is often the case with residential and commercial properties, in which peripheral areas of property are later filled.
  • small retaining walls are usually built from trough elements.
  • a solution according to DE-A1 35 30 049 shows trough elements designed in a certain way, which is anchored in the soil compacted behind the slope stone by a geotextile sheet laid around the rear wall. This solution, which was previously only used for small heights, small forces and small structures, does not meet the needs that are required, for example, when building traffic routes and high, distributed embankments.
  • the invention has for its object to propose a construction for support structures that meet the needs in the construction of traffic routes even at great heights and high loads from earth pressure and traffic loads, with a good compression of the bulk material should be made possible in order to largely settle later to exclude.
  • the division of the essential wall components into two separate, easily assembled prefabricated concrete parts and the wrapping of an initially loose concrete beam with the respective geotextile membrane result in great advantages over ring-shaped elements.
  • the large trough elements which are open in wide areas, can be easily formworked and stripped and concreted and have great stability even in longer lengths of more than 2.50 m, so that they can be transported, easily moved, aligned and with those that are attached, preferably with the geotextile webs, provided wrapping beams are dimensionally stable to be connected.
  • the wrapping beam can be given the shapes suitable for hanging and embedding the geotextile according to the respective needs.
  • the openings in the back and top allow the wrapping beams and geotextile sheets to be inserted correctly, which can already be pulled onto the drawbar by the concrete plant.
  • Earth beams can be inserted so that great heights are available for the installation of the bulk material without interruption by inserted geotextile webs.
  • the front area of the trough can be filled with humus-rich top-layer material, which is poured loose and offers optimal conditions for later permanent greening.
  • the front wall and side walls as well as the bottom wall can be designed in accordance with the stability requirements and the accommodation of the desired floor material with different inclinations and lengths according to the dependent claims.
  • the cross-section of the wrapping bars is formed as a right-angled triangle with a long catheter lying approximately at the level of the inner surface of the bottom wall of the trough element, because then the layers of bulk material to be compacted are supported on the bottom walls of the trough elements and the geotextile webs are directly above them as far as possible can be spread.
  • the structure of the wall can be seen in particular from FIGS. 1 and 2, only the supporting and supporting parts without the soil, the compacted bulk materials and the planting materials being shown here.
  • Such a wall 10 is erected on foundations 11 made in the usual way at the bottom and is filled in layers with the earth material. Trough elements 12, wrap bars 14, geotextile sheets 15, earth bars 16 and end bars 17 are used.
  • the trough elements 12 have a bottom wall 20, a front wall 21 which is inclined outward at the front, a left side wall 22.1 and a right side wall 22.2. They have a length 23.
  • the foundations 11 need only be introduced into the ground with a length corresponding to the length 23 of the individual trough elements 12 and a sufficient depth, because the intermediate regions 24 - as can be seen particularly well from FIG. 1 - also Earth material are filled and the contact of the earth material with the grown soil also remains directly in front.
  • the bottom wall 20 has a depth 25 which is some that, for example approximately 0.8 m, if the length 23 is approximately 3 m.
  • the height 26 of the side walls, calculated from the base and support surface 27 of the trough element 12, is advantageously approximately 0.60 m.
  • the trough elements are manufactured as one-piece precast concrete parts with steel reinforcement and are shaped in a way that is easy to cast and demold in easy-to-use molds.
  • An angle 28 is formed between the bottom wall 20 and the front wall 12, which is approximately 100 °, which is useful for accommodating sufficient potting soil and favorable planting as well as a suitable inclination of the plant soil and a favorable front view.
  • the side walls 22.1 and 22.2 are integrally connected to the front wall 21 and the bottom wall 20, so that there is a stable, torsion-resistant trough.
  • the side walls have a thickness 31, which results in the front and middle area from the loads occurring and in the rear area from the size of the required bends between the individual components of the wall 10 when the individual trough elements 12 are set up polygonally according to the curvature of the traffic route .
  • the side walls 22.1 and 22.2 each have an upwardly open hook-in groove 30.1 and 30.2. These are - as can be seen in particular from FIG. 2 - approximately in the middle of the bottom wall 20 and have a width 32 which corresponds to the thickness of the suspension pin 33 of the loop beam 14. They are embedded at right angles to the bottom wall 20 and to the inner surfaces 34 of the side wall 22.1 or 22.2, the depth 35 being dimensioned such that the contact surface areas where the forces between the wrapping beam 14 and the trough walls support each other do not break out under all occurring loads.
  • the side walls 22.1 and 22.2 are each provided with a bevel 38 in their front area from the upper support surface 36 to the upper edge 37 of the front wall 12, which corresponds approximately to the course of the surface of the planting soil.
  • the side walls 22.1 and 22.2 are each provided in the region of their rear upper corner 39 with an insertion recess 40 which has a support surface 41 of width 42 and a front support surface 43 of height 44 and which in the exemplary embodiment is at right angles with a horizontal support surface 41 and vertical support surface 43 is designed.
  • the earth bars 16 are loosely inserted into these insertion recesses 40.
  • the wrap bar 14 has an overall length 46, which corresponds to the inner spacing of the groove base walls 49 of the hanging grooves 30.1 and 30.2. It has a profile 50 in the shape of an approximately right-angled triangle over the part of the cross section lying between the inner surfaces 34 of the side walls 22.1 and 22.2, the long catheter 52 lying approximately horizontally, the short catheter 53 vertically and the hypotenuse 54 obliquely. The corners of the triangle or the edges of the wrap bar 14 are rounded off with radii 55.
  • the design is such that, owing to the design of the hanging grooves 30.1 and 30.2 with a groove bottom 56 at a short distance from the inner surface 57 of the bottom wall 20 of the wrap bar 14 lies at a short distance of a few mm above the inner surface 57.
  • the mounting pins 33 the width of which corresponds to the width 32 of the mounting grooves 30.1 and 30.2 with a corresponding mounting play, so that the rear vertical contact surfaces 60 lie well against the wall walls 61 and can transmit the holding forces.
  • the wrapping bars 14 are wrapped in the geotextile webs 15.
  • two geotextile web strips 15.1 are expediently used for each wrap bar 14.
  • These are equipped with front hem tabs 65 for the wrap bar 14.
  • the hem flap 65 can be formed by a seam 67 or by double laying.
  • the earth beam 16 is formed as a rectangular prismatic reinforced concrete beam with approximately the cross-sectional dimensions of the insertion recess 40, as shown in the drawings.
  • the end bar 17 fits into the same insertion recesses 40, but has a small horizontal leg 68 and a front earth support leg 69 as the bottom wall.
  • the lowest trough elements 12.1 are placed on them without teeth.
  • the trough elements 12 already contain the inserted wrapping beams 14 from the manufacture.
  • the wrapping beams 14 are expediently already provided with the geotextile webs 15. As can be seen from FIG. 1 above, these can be formed in the form of two individual geotextile web strips 15.1 lying next to one another. They are guided around the respective wrapping bar 14 and either sewn in the seam 67 or loosely laid around and expediently lie in the trough element 12.
  • the first layer of the bulk material to be compressed is filled up to the level of the inner surfaces 57 of the base walls 20 and compressed.
  • the geotextile webs 15, which have a sufficient length for anchoring are laid out on this first compacted bulk material layer and accordingly secured against displacement, for example with nails.
  • the upper part 15.2 of the geotextile web can also immediately be designed to be smooth, because the wrap bar 14 is a corner with a rear edge with rounded edges has triangular profile.
  • the earth beams 16 are inserted from side wall 22.2 to side wall 22.1 of adjacent trough elements 12 into the insertion recesses 40 and the trough elements 12.2 to be placed over them are placed, as can be seen from FIG. 1.
  • the bulk material to be compacted can optionally be introduced and compacted in one layer on the geotextile webs 15, 15.1 and 15.2 up to the height of the inner surfaces 57 of the bottom walls 20 of the trough elements 12.2 located further up.
  • Bulk materials with coarse constituents can also be used, and only bulk materials with finer grains need to be introduced in the area of the geotextile webs.
  • a slope angle is automatically established, which is formed by the connecting line 70 between the front upper edge of the wrapping beam 14 below and the rear lower edge of the overlying earth beam 16, and corresponds to the natural slope angle of the compacted bulk materials usually used, without having to move forward essential components emerge into the planting area 71 of compacted soil materials. If the corresponding horizontal layer is sufficiently compacted, the Geotextile webs 15 of the next floor can be spread out, secured and covered without difficulty in the manner described above.
  • the construction of the wall 10 can be carried out quickly without threading the geotextile webs through any slits in the rear walls of components or wraps around solid partial walls of troughs and without introducing bulk material into the receiving spaces of geotextile webs.
  • the wall 10 is secured by the geotextile webs 15 against forward evasion, with slight displacements of the support areas being possible.
  • minor subsidence of the foundations does not in any way impair the stability of the wall construction.
  • the wall 10 can follow the usual curves according to sensibly laid polygonal trains, since it is built up from many individual precast concrete parts, although these can be of relatively large dimensions, the rear widening of the side walls Adequate support of the higher troughs is guaranteed for all occurring bends.
  • the components are easy to manufacture, easy to transport and move, and ensure the permanent construction of steep walls and thus steep slope protection.
  • the wall (10) for steep embankments consists of trough elements (12), the side walls (22.1, 22.2) of which have vertical hook-in grooves (30.1, 30.2) into which the hook-in pins (33) of separately manufactured wrap-around beams (14) are inserted.
  • Geotextile webs (15) are placed around the wrapping beam (14) and are led out approximately horizontally into the ground towards the rear.
  • Further trough elements (12.2) are placed on each of the side walls (22.1, 22.2) of trough elements (12.1) spaced apart from intermediate regions (24).
  • Earth beams (16) can be inserted under these at the rear.
  • Upper end beams (17) can have earth support legs (69).

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Paleontology (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Pit Excavations, Shoring, Fill Or Stabilisation Of Slopes (AREA)

Abstract

Un mur (10) de soutènement d'escarpements comprend des éléments en auge (12) dont les parois latérales (22.1, 22.2) sont pourvues de rainures verticales d'accrochage (30.1, 30.2) dans lesquelles sont insérées des chevilles d'accrochage (33) de poutres d'encerclement (14) fabriquées séparément. Des bandes (15) d'un tissu minéral enroulées autour des poutres d'encerclement (14) s'étendent horizontalement en arrière, pénétrant dans le sol. Des éléments en auge supplémentaires (12.2) sont posés sur les parois latérales (22.1, 22.2) d'éléments en auge séparés par des écartements intermédiaires (24). Des poutres (16) de support dans le sol peuvent être posées sous ces éléments en auge supplémentaires, derrière ceux-ci. Des poutres supérieures de recouvrement (17) peuvent comprendre des branches de soutènement (69).

Claims (12)

  1. Mur en éléments préfabriqués en béton armé à ancrage du côté arrière à l'aide de bandes de géotextile (15) imputrescibles, sous forme de bandes de maintien souples et flexibles qui sont reliées aux éléments préfabriqués en béton par enlacement, caractérisé par les caractéristiques suivantes:
    - les éléments préfabriqués en béton qui constituent le côté frontal sont sous forme d'éléments en forme d'auge (12) d'une pièce, ouverts au moins partiellement vers l'arrière et vers le haut ;
    - les parois latérales (22.1, 22.2) des éléments en forme d'auge (12) comportent à l'intérieur des rainures d'accrochage (30.1, 30.2) ouvertes vers le haut ;
    - pour chaque élément en forme d'auge (12) il est prévu au moins une barre d'enlacement (14) sous forme d'une barre en béton armé disposée horizontalement, parallèlement à la paroi antérieure (21) et dont les extrémités (33) pénètrent dans les rainures d'accrochage (30.1, 30.2) ;
    - seules les barres d'enlacement (14) sont enlacées par les bandes de géotextile (15) ;
    - les ouvertures du côté supérieur et du côté dorsal des éléments en forme d'auge (12) s'étendent au moins dans le domaine d'introduction de la barre d'enlacement (14) et dans le domaine de sortie de la bande de géotextile (15).
  2. Mur selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la barre d'enlacement (14) présente en section droite un profil triangulaire (50) à bords arrondis (55).
  3. Mur selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que la section droite (50) est un triangle sensiblement rectangle dont un côté (52) de l'angle droit est situé en bas sensiblement horizontalement et la barre d'enlacement (14) est située au-dessus de la surface interne (57) de la paroi de fond (20) de l'élément en forme d'auge (12) à une distance qui correspond seulement au jeu (56/57) nécessaire pour la bande de géotextile (15).
  4. Mur selon au moins l'une des autres revendications, caractérisé en ce que la barre d'enlacement (14) présente à ses extrémités des tenons d'accrochage (33) comportant des surfaces d'appui (60) postérieures verticales.
  5. Mur selon au moins l'une des autres revendications, caractérisé en ce que des barres à terre (16) formées séparément sont insérées entre les parois latérales (22.1, 22.2) des éléments en forme d'auge (12) écartés les uns des autres.
  6. Mur selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que les barres à terre (16) sont sous forme de prismes droits et les parois latérales (22.1, 22.2) des éléments en forme d'auge (12) comportent dans les angles supérieurs arrières (39) des évidements d'insertion (40) dont la taille correspond sensiblement à la section droite des barres à terre (16).
  7. Mur selon au moins l'une des autres revendications, caractérisé en ce que les éléments en forme d'auge (12) comportent des parois de fond planes (20) et des parois latérales (22.1, 22.2) venues de moulage et sensiblement verticales, et à l'avant des parois antérieures (21) inclinées en haut vers l'extérieur.
  8. Mur selon au moins l'une des autres revendications, caractérisé en ce que les parois latérales (22.1, 22.2) des éléments en forme d'auge (12) sont plus larges à l'arrière qu'à l'avant.
  9. Mur selon au moins l'une des autres revendications, caractérisé en ce que les parois de fond (20) des éléments en forme d'auge (12) s'étendent au moins sur une partie de la profondeur (25) des parois latérales (22.1, 22.2).
  10. Mur selon au moins l'une des autres revendications, caractérisé en ce que les parois de fond (20) s'étendent sur toute la profondeur (25) des parois latérales (22.1, 22.2).
  11. Mur selon au moins l'une des autres revendications, caractérisé en ce que la bande de géotextile (15) comporte une attache ourlée (65) préconfectionnée qui enlace la barre d'enlacement (14).
  12. Mur selon au moins l'une des autres revendications, caractérisé en ce que les barres à terre supérieures sont agencées sous forme de barres d'arrêt (17) de manière qu'elles présentent chacune une courte partie de paroi de fond qui s'étend au-dessus des parois latérales (22.1, 22.2) des éléments en forme d'auge (12) en formant une branche horizontale (68) et une branche de soutien de terre (69) en saillie qui est inclinée vers l'extérieur en haut à l'avant.
EP90906117A 1989-04-22 1990-04-19 Mur Expired - Lifetime EP0469008B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT90906117T ATE93290T1 (de) 1989-04-22 1990-04-19 Mauer.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3913335A DE3913335A1 (de) 1989-04-22 1989-04-22 Mauer
DE3913335 1989-04-22

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0469008A1 EP0469008A1 (fr) 1992-02-05
EP0469008B1 true EP0469008B1 (fr) 1993-08-18

Family

ID=6379264

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP90906117A Expired - Lifetime EP0469008B1 (fr) 1989-04-22 1990-04-19 Mur

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0469008B1 (fr)
AU (1) AU5427890A (fr)
DE (2) DE3913335A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO1990012927A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AU8490091A (en) * 1990-09-16 1992-04-15 Felix Paul Jacklin Construction and process for producing the same, associated construction elements and sets of construction elements
DE4131423A1 (de) * 1991-09-20 1993-03-25 Sf Vollverbundstein Bausatz aus beton-formsteinen sowie eine hieraus erstellte schwergewichts-stuetzmauer
CA2182430A1 (fr) * 1995-08-18 1997-02-19 Michael Joseph Cowell Element de parement pour structure en terre stabilisee
DE29720479U1 (de) * 1997-11-19 1999-03-25 Bodensohn, Karl Heinz, 63165 Mühlheim Stapelbare Fertigbauteile
DE10154369A1 (de) * 2001-11-06 2003-05-22 Kuebler Hanns H Bepflanzbare, schalldämmende Formen
DE202006007522U1 (de) * 2006-05-11 2007-09-13 Bodensohn, Karl Heinz Raumgitterwand zur Verwendung als mit Erdschüttgut verfüll- und begrünbare Stütz- und Lärmschutzwände
DE202006017056U1 (de) 2006-11-08 2007-02-08 Hahn Kunststoffe Gmbh Wandkonstruktion aus Frontelementen und Geogitterelementen
DE102007036965B4 (de) * 2007-08-04 2011-11-10 Andreas Herold Bauwerk zur Aufbewahrung von Urnen

Family Cites Families (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2519232C3 (de) * 1975-04-30 1980-05-29 Herwig 7031 Hildrizhausen Neumann Bepflanzbare Stützmauer
DE2753243A1 (de) * 1977-11-29 1979-06-07 Bayer Ag Bewehrung von armierten erdbauwerken
EP0079880B1 (fr) * 1979-04-04 1986-09-17 Gerhard Dipl.-Ing. Dr. Schwarz Ouvrage de soutènement
FR2465032A1 (fr) * 1979-09-07 1981-03-20 Vastel Felix Perfectionnement aux murs de soutenement
AT383167B (de) * 1980-03-05 1987-05-25 Ebenseer Betonwerke Gmbh Stuetzbauwerk
CH648075A5 (de) * 1980-08-06 1985-02-28 Ernst Kissling Satz von bauelementen fuer stuetzmauerwerke.
US4512685A (en) * 1981-09-08 1985-04-23 Ameron, Inc. Mortarless retaining-wall system and components thereof
DE3516969C2 (de) * 1985-05-10 1995-05-24 Hans Reinschuetz Bepflanzbares Stützbauwerk
DE3530049C2 (de) * 1985-08-22 1994-08-11 Hans Reinschuetz Vorgefertigter Hangstein aus Beton
DE3532641A1 (de) * 1985-09-12 1987-03-19 Geotech Lizenz Ag Mauer mit einem massentragwerk, zugehoeriges bauelement und verfahren zur herstellung der mauer
CA1247870A (fr) * 1985-10-17 1989-01-03 Arnaldo Giardini Bloc en beton pour mur de soutenement
US4684294A (en) * 1986-01-15 1987-08-04 Neill Raymond J O Retaining wall construction element

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0469008A1 (fr) 1992-02-05
AU5427890A (en) 1990-11-16
DE59002401D1 (de) 1993-09-23
DE3913335A1 (de) 1990-10-25
WO1990012927A1 (fr) 1990-11-01

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