EP0423390A1 - Process for fabricating moulds, shell-moulds, foundry patterns, core boxes etc., having a structured surface - Google Patents
Process for fabricating moulds, shell-moulds, foundry patterns, core boxes etc., having a structured surface Download PDFInfo
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- EP0423390A1 EP0423390A1 EP89119394A EP89119394A EP0423390A1 EP 0423390 A1 EP0423390 A1 EP 0423390A1 EP 89119394 A EP89119394 A EP 89119394A EP 89119394 A EP89119394 A EP 89119394A EP 0423390 A1 EP0423390 A1 EP 0423390A1
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- Prior art keywords
- melting
- layer
- ceramic
- strength
- low
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C7/00—Patterns; Manufacture thereof so far as not provided for in other classes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
- B22C9/06—Permanent moulds for shaped castings
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for producing molds and molded shells, foundry models, core bushings and the like, also with a structured surface, made of ceramic or other high-strength and high-melting materials.
- the object of the present invention is therefore to provide a method of the type mentioned at the outset so that molds with a smooth surface or with surface structures can be produced with little effort, the method also being intended to be largely automated.
- an original model is used which already has the desired surface structures.
- this master model can consist of textiles, plastic, wood, it can have a leather skin. It can also be made of wax, on which the structures are applied, if it turns out that this is necessary for the desired surface structure or also for the shaping is.
- the original model consists of a thermally highly sensitive material. But it can also be master models made of thermally insensitive materials such as metal or ceramic.
- a layer of a low-melting metallic material is applied to this master model made of thermally highly sensitive materials.
- the selection of the material depends on the temperature sensitivity of the basic model. Tin, bismuth, cadmium, indium, lead, zinc, aluminum, or an alloy of at least two of these substances can be used.
- Suitable techniques for applying this low-melting metal material to the master model are spraying or pouring.
- a commercially available metal spray gun which is electrically or gas-operated, is suitable for spraying, e.g. an arc, plasma or powder gun, or a melt gun.
- the applied self-supporting layer is reinforced to an intermediate shape by non-metallic materials. Either this is done by back casting with casting resin, gypsum, etc., so that a solid body is obtained, another possibility is to laminate the layer with, for example, glass fiber-reinforced synthetic resin.
- the low-melting metallic material can also be poured on in a very thick layer, so that further reinforcement is unnecessary.
- the intermediate form now present thus has a metallic side which is also structured on its surface.
- High-melting here means that the melting point of the material is high compared to the melting point or melting range of the low-melting metal material.
- Such materials are, for example, zinc, aluminum, copper, brass, steel, molybdenum, nickel, ceramic or an alloy of at least two of these materials, and Carbides of these materials.
- the high-strength and high-melting material can also be sprayed onto the intermediate mold.
- a metal spray gun or a molten bath gun as described above is again suitable.
- the flame-arc technique or plasma technique can be used.
- the layer thickness in which the high-strength and high-melting material is applied to the intermediate model depends on the later application. Layers in thicknesses of micrometer thicknesses up to a few centimeters can be applied. In the latter case, the model is expediently cooled by cooling coils previously introduced .
- the high-melting material melts the low-melting material somewhat on its surface. In this way you get liability for the intermediate model without having to use special adhesion promoters.
- the commonly used method of roughening the model surface by sandblasting can also be omitted. Both methods would also be disadvantageous since they affect and deteriorate the quality of the surface of the intermediate model.
- the layer of high-melting material is not self-supporting, it can be reinforced with a metal, a metal alloy, with casting resin or another plastic or with plaster or concrete.
- the layer of low-melting metal material is melted. Depending on the material used, this can be done in a water bath, in an oil bath, in a wax / paraffin bath, in a polyethylene glycol bath, in an oven or melting pot, or the low-melting material can be melted inductively. As soon as the low-melting material has flowed off or has been discharged, the remaining reinforcement of the intermediate form and the layer of high-melting material that forms the final form are separated from one another. The final shape can be removed.
- the method is also suitable if no surface structures are provided on the mold.
- a mold is obtained whose surface roughness is much lower than that of molds which are produced using cutting methods.
- the final shape has a high hardness and strength.
- FIG. 1 schematically shows the flow chart for a method according to the present invention.
- One starts from a positive or negative master model made of any material, the method being particularly suitable for thermally very sensitive materials.
- the intermediate form is produced in two steps, namely first by spraying a layer of low-melting plastic on the master model, then this layer is laminated with synthetic resin.
- the material can also be poured on. It then massively covers the original model in the manner of a backing.
- the lamination of the layer of low-melting metal material can also be replaced by a massive back casting, for example with casting resin, metal, plaster or the like.
- the finished intermediate model is removed from the mold.
- the next steps deal with making the final shape.
- a layer of high-strength and high-melting material is sprayed onto the layer of low-melting metal material.
- This high-strength layer is cast with resin, metal or ceramic material. Now the layer is made of low-melting metallic material melted, either with direct heat or inductively. The final shape can now be easily separated and removed from the remaining reinforcement of the intermediate shape.
- FIG. 2a clearly shows the production of the intermediate form in an image sequence.
- the original model (2) rests on a carrier (1).
- the carrier (1) extends beyond the original model (2).
- Part II shows how the carrier (1) and master model (2) are coated with a layer (3) of low-melting metal material. It is also possible to attach a frame (1a, 1b) to the carrier (1) and to completely fill the resulting cavity with the low-melting material (3a). This is shown in Figure IIA. Then the next process step, namely the reinforcement of the layer (3), is omitted.
- the layer (3) can be reinforced with a laminate (4) made of plastic (Fig. III) or back cast with solid resin, plaster or the like.
- FIG. IIIA This is shown in Figure IIIA, where a frame (1a, 1b) is again provided on the carrier, which form a space to be filled with the material (4a) to be cast.
- the now finished intermediate form which preferably consists of a layer (3) made of low-melting metal material and a reinforcement made of laminate (4), can now be removed from the original model (2), the original model (2) remaining on the carrier (1) .
- FIG. 2b shows the production of the final shape.
- it is favorable to turn the intermediate shape so that it can be stored on two supports (6a, 6b) with the laminate side (4) at rest.
- the layer (5) made of high-strength and high-melting material is then applied, preferably sprayed, onto the layer (3) made of low-melting metal material.
- the intermediate form (3, 4) with the layer (5) of high-strength material resting on the supports (6a, 6b) is shown in image V.
- a frame (7a, 7b) can be attached to the supports (6a, 6b), in order to define a space (8) to be backfilled together with the intermediate form (3, 4) and the layer (5) - as shown in Figure VI.
- the backing material will also be selected according to whether, for example, the final shape is hermetically loaded or not. If this is not the case, it is also conceivable to foam the space (8) with polyurethane or another plastic, whereby the final shape becomes low in weight. If temperature resistance is also required for the backing, then Materials such as zinc, aluminum, bronze, plaster, concrete and the like are more suitable.
- Figure VII shows the final shape, consisting of the layer (5) made of high-strength material, the frame (7a, 7b) and the backing (8). It is not shown here how the intermediate form and the final form are separated.
- the device consists of a trough (9) which rests on legs (10a, 10b) provided with feet (11a, 11b).
- a grid or grate (12) is accommodated in the tub (9) at a distance from the tub floor.
- the arrangement of intermediate form (3, 4), final form (5, 7a, 7b, 8) and supports (6a, 6b) is ready on the grate (12).
- So much oil or water (13) is now introduced into the tub (9) that the layer (5) made of high-strength material and thus also the layer (3) made of low-melting material are well covered.
- the liquid (13) is heated to such an extent that the layer (3) of low-melting material melts.
- the low-melting material can now be directed to the bottom of the trough (9) by tilting the arrangement, or holes can be provided in the laminate layer (4) at some points through which the low-melting material can flow in the molten state.
- the material collecting at the bottom of the tub (9) can be drained off and used again by means of a tap (15).
- the melting can of course also take place in an oven, or also inductively or through a copper hose or hot cartridge cast into the rear door.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Moulds For Moulding Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
- Mounting, Exchange, And Manufacturing Of Dies (AREA)
- Coating By Spraying Or Casting (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Herstellen von Formen und Formschalen, Gießereimodellen, Kernbuchsen und dergleichen, auch mit strukturierter Oberfläche, aus Keramik oder anderen hochfesten und hochschmelzenden Werkstoffen.The invention relates to a method for producing molds and molded shells, foundry models, core bushings and the like, also with a structured surface, made of ceramic or other high-strength and high-melting materials.
Es ist sehr aufwendig, Formen oder Formschalen herzustellen, die in ihrer Oberfläche strukturiert sind, die also beispielsweise eine lederartige Struktur haben oder bei denen eine Holzmaserung auf der Oberfläche erwünscht ist. Wenn solche Formen eine hinreichend lange Lebensdauer haben sollen, müssen sie aus einem hochfesten Werkstoff hergestellt sein. Üblicherweise geht man so vor, daß von einem Urmodell ein Abdruck abgenommen wird und die Oberflächenstruktur nachträglich durch spanabhebende Techniken in die Form gebracht werden. Dies ist eine aufwendige und zeitraubende Vorgehensweise, die zudem in den meisten Fällen nicht automatisiert ist, so daß Handarbeit notwendig ist. Dasselbe gilt, wenn die Form eine sehr glatte Oberfläche aufweisen soll.It is very expensive to produce molds or molded shells that are structured in their surface, that is to say, for example, have a leather-like structure or in which a wood grain is desired on the surface. If such shapes are to have a sufficiently long lifespan, they must be made of a high-strength material. The usual procedure is to take an impression of a master model and subsequently shape the surface structure using cutting techniques. This is a complex and time-consuming procedure, which is also not automated in most cases, so manual work is necessary. The same applies if the shape should have a very smooth surface.
Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es daher, ein Verfahren der eingangs genannten Gattung bereitzustellen, so daß Formen mit glatter Oberfläche oder mit Oberflächenstrukturen mit wenig Aufwand hergestellt werden können, wobei das Verfahren auch weitgehend automatisierbar sein soll.The object of the present invention is therefore to provide a method of the type mentioned at the outset so that molds with a smooth surface or with surface structures can be produced with little effort, the method also being intended to be largely automated.
Diese Aufgabe wird durch ein Verfahren mit den in Anspruch 1 angegebenen Verfahrensschritten gelöst.This object is achieved by a method with the method steps specified in
Beim erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren wird ein Urmodell verwendet, das schon die gewünschten Oberflächenstrukturen aufweist. Dieses Urmodell kann zum Beispiel aus Textilien bestehen, aus Kunststoff, aus Holz, es kann eine Lederhaut aufweisen. Es kann auch aus Wachs sein, auf den die Strukturen aufgebracht sind, wenn sich zeigt, daß dieses für die gewünschte Oberflächenstruktur oder auch für die Formgebung erforderlich ist. Ganz allgemein besteht das Urmodell aus einem thermisch hochempfindlichen Material. Es können aber auch Urmodelle aus thermisch unempfindlichen Materialien wie Metall oder Keramik sein.In the method according to the invention, an original model is used which already has the desired surface structures. For example, this master model can consist of textiles, plastic, wood, it can have a leather skin. It can also be made of wax, on which the structures are applied, if it turns out that this is necessary for the desired surface structure or also for the shaping is. In general, the original model consists of a thermally highly sensitive material. But it can also be master models made of thermally insensitive materials such as metal or ceramic.
Auf dieses Urmodell aus thermisch hochempfindlichen Materialien wird im ersten Verfahrensschritt eine Schicht aus einem niedrigschmelzenden metallischen Werkstoff aufgebracht. Die Auswahl des Werkstoffes richtet sich nach der Temperaturempfindlichkeit des zugrundeliegenden Urmodells. Man kann Zinn,Wismut, Cadmium, Indium, Blei, Zink, Aluminium verwenden, oder eine Legierung aus wenigstens zwei dieser Stoffe.In the first process step, a layer of a low-melting metallic material is applied to this master model made of thermally highly sensitive materials. The selection of the material depends on the temperature sensitivity of the basic model. Tin, bismuth, cadmium, indium, lead, zinc, aluminum, or an alloy of at least two of these substances can be used.
Geeignete Techniken, um diesen niedrigschmelzenden metallischen Werkstoff auf das Urmodell aufzubringen, sind Aufspritzen oder Aufgießen. Zum Aufspritzen ist eine handelsübliche Metallspritzpistole geeignet, die elektrisch oder gasbetrieben wird, wie z.B. eine Lichtbogen-, Plasma- oder Pulverpistole, oder aber eine Schmelzbadpistole.Suitable techniques for applying this low-melting metal material to the master model are spraying or pouring. A commercially available metal spray gun, which is electrically or gas-operated, is suitable for spraying, e.g. an arc, plasma or powder gun, or a melt gun.
Die aufgebrachte selbsttragende Schicht wird durch nichtmetallische Materialien zu einer Zwischenform verstärkt. Entweder erfolgt dies durch Hintergießen mit Gießharz, Gips usw., so daß man einen massiven Körper erhält, eine andere Möglichkeit ist es, die Schicht beispielsweise mit glasfaserverstärktem Kunstharz zuz laminieren.The applied self-supporting layer is reinforced to an intermediate shape by non-metallic materials. Either this is done by back casting with casting resin, gypsum, etc., so that a solid body is obtained, another possibility is to laminate the layer with, for example, glass fiber-reinforced synthetic resin.
Es kann auch der niedrigschmelzende metallische Werkstoff in einer sehr dicken Schicht aufgegossen werden, so daß sich eine weitere Verstärkung erübrigt.The low-melting metallic material can also be poured on in a very thick layer, so that further reinforcement is unnecessary.
Anschließend wird die so entstandene Zwischenform vom Urmodell entformt. Die nun vorliegende Zwischenform weist also eine metallische Seite auf, die auch an ihrer Oberfläche strukturiert ist.Then the resulting intermediate form is demolded from the master model. The intermediate form now present thus has a metallic side which is also structured on its surface.
Auf diese metallische Seite der Zwischenform wird nun eine Schicht aus einem hochfesten Keramik oder anderem hochschmelzenden Werkstoff aufgebracht.Hochschmelzend heißt hier, daß der Schmelzpunkt des Werkstoffs hoch liegt im Vergleich zu dem Schmelzpunkt oder Schmelzbereich des niedrigschmelzenden metallischen Werkstoffs. Solche Werkstoffe sind beispielsweise Zink, Aluminium, Kupfer,Messing, Stahl, Molybdän, Nickel, Keramik oder eine Legierung aus mindestens zwei dieser Stoffe, sowie Karbide dieser genannten Werkstoffe.A layer of high-strength ceramic or other high-melting material is now applied to this metallic side of the intermediate form. High-melting here means that the melting point of the material is high compared to the melting point or melting range of the low-melting metal material. Such materials are, for example, zinc, aluminum, copper, brass, steel, molybdenum, nickel, ceramic or an alloy of at least two of these materials, and Carbides of these materials.
Auch der hochfeste und hochschmelzende Werkstoff kann im Spritzverfahren auf die Zwischenform aufgebracht werden. Es eignet sich wieder eine Metallspritzpistole oder eine Schmelzbadpistole wie oben beschrieben. Zusätzlich kann die Flamm-Lichtbogen-Technik oder Plasmatechnik angewendet werden.The high-strength and high-melting material can also be sprayed onto the intermediate mold. A metal spray gun or a molten bath gun as described above is again suitable. In addition, the flame-arc technique or plasma technique can be used.
Die Schichtdicke,in der der hochfeste und hochschmelzende Werkstoff auf das Zwischenmodell aufgebracht wird, richtet sich nach der späteren Anwendung.Es können Schichten in Dicke von Mikrometerstärken bis hinauf zu einigen Zentimetern aufgebracht werden.Im letzteren Fall wird das Modell zweckmäßig durch vorher eingebrachte Kühlschlangen gekühlt.The layer thickness in which the high-strength and high-melting material is applied to the intermediate model depends on the later application. Layers in thicknesses of micrometer thicknesses up to a few centimeters can be applied. In the latter case, the model is expediently cooled by cooling coils previously introduced .
Das hochschmelzende Material schmilzt den niedrigschmelzenden Werkstoff an seiner Oberfläche etwas an. So bekommt man eine Haftung zum Zwischenmodell, ohne daß man speziell Haftvermittler einsetzen muß. Auch die üblicherweise benutzte Methode des Anrauhens der Modelloberfläche durch Sandstrahlen kann entfallen. Beide Verfahren wären auch nachteilig, da sie die Oberfläche des Zwischenmodells in ihrer Beschaffenheit beeinflussen und verschlechtern.The high-melting material melts the low-melting material somewhat on its surface. In this way you get liability for the intermediate model without having to use special adhesion promoters. The commonly used method of roughening the model surface by sandblasting can also be omitted. Both methods would also be disadvantageous since they affect and deteriorate the quality of the surface of the intermediate model.
Falls die Schicht aus hochschmelzendem Werkstoff nicht selbsttragend ist, kann sie verstärkt werden, und zwar mit einem Metall, einer Metall-Legierung, mit Gießharz oder einem anderen Kunststoff oder mit Gips oder Beton.If the layer of high-melting material is not self-supporting, it can be reinforced with a metal, a metal alloy, with casting resin or another plastic or with plaster or concrete.
Jetzt wird die Schicht aus niedrigschmelzendem metallischen Werkstoff aufgeschmolzen. Das kann je nach verwendetem Material im Wasserbad, im Ölbad, in einem Wachs/Paraffinbad, in einem Polyethylenglykolbad, in einem Ofen oder Schmelztiegel vorgenommen werden, oder der niedrigschmelzende Werkstoff kann induktiv aufgeschmolzen werden. Sobald das niedrigschmelzende Material abgeflossen ist bzw. abgeleitet worden ist, sind die verbleibende Verstärkung der Zwischenform und die Schicht aus hochschmelzendem Werkstoff, die die Endform bildet, voneinander getrennt. Die Endform kann entnommen werden.Now the layer of low-melting metal material is melted. Depending on the material used, this can be done in a water bath, in an oil bath, in a wax / paraffin bath, in a polyethylene glycol bath, in an oven or melting pot, or the low-melting material can be melted inductively. As soon as the low-melting material has flowed off or has been discharged, the remaining reinforcement of the intermediate form and the layer of high-melting material that forms the final form are separated from one another. The final shape can be removed.
Auf diese Weise können maßgenaue Formschalen in kurzer Zeit hergestellt werden. Oberflächenstrukturen werden gut wiedergegeben.In this way, dimensionally accurate molded shells can be produced in a short time will. Surface structures are reproduced well.
Selbstverständlich ist das Verfahren auch geeignet, wenn keine Oberflächenstrukturen auf der Form vorgesehen sind. In diesem Fall erhält man eine Form, deren Oberflächenrauhigkeit sehr viel geringer ist als bei Formen, die mit spanabhebenden Methoden hergestellt werden. Je nach verwendetem Material hat die Endform eine hohe Härte und Festigkeit.Of course, the method is also suitable if no surface structures are provided on the mold. In this case, a mold is obtained whose surface roughness is much lower than that of molds which are produced using cutting methods. Depending on the material used, the final shape has a high hardness and strength.
Im folgenden soll anhand der Zeichnung das Verfahren beispielhaft erläutert werden. Es zeigt:
- Fig. 1 den Ablaufplan für ein Verfahren gemäß der Erfindung, wobei ggfls. auch alternative Möglichkeiten dargestellt sind,
- Fig. 2a das Herstellen der Zwischenform,
- Fig. 2b das Herstellen der Endform und
- Fig. 3 eine Vorrichtung zum Aufschmelzen der Schicht aus niedrigschmelzendem metallischen Werkstoff.
- Fig. 1 shows the flow chart for a method according to the invention, where applicable. alternative options are also shown,
- 2a the manufacture of the intermediate form,
- Fig. 2b the manufacture of the final shape and
- Fig. 3 shows a device for melting the layer of low-melting metallic material.
Fig. 1 zeigt schematisch den Ablaufplan für ein Verfahren gemäß der vorliegenden Erfindung. Man geht von einem positiven oder negativen Urmodell aus beliebigem Material aus, wobei das Verfahren besonders für thermisch sehr empfindliche Materialien geeignet ist. Das Herstellen der Zwischenform erfolgt in zwei Schritten nämlich zuerst durch Aufspritzen einer Schicht aus niedrigschmelzendem Kunststoff auf das Urmodell, sodann wird diese Schicht mit Kunstharz laminiert. Als Alternative zum Aufspritzen kann der Werkstoff auch aufgegossen werden. Er bedeckt dann nach Art einer Hinterfütterung das Urmodell massiv. Auch das Laminieren der Schicht aus niedrigschmelzendem metallischen Werkstoff kann ersetzt werden durch ein massives Hintergießen,beispielsweise mit Gießharz, Metall, Gips od.dergl. Anschließend wird das nun fertige Zwischenmodell entformt. Die nächsten Schritte befassen sich mit dem Herstellen der Endform. Dabei wird eine Schicht aus hochfestem und hochschmelzendem Werkstoff auf die Schicht aus niedrigschmelzendem metallischen Werkstoff aufgespritzt. Diese hochfeste Schicht wird mit Harz, Metall oder mit keramischem Material hintergossen. Jetzt wird die Schicht aus niedrigschmelzendem metallischen Werkstoff aufgeschmolzen, und zwar entweder mit direkter Wärme oder induktiv. Die Endform läßt sich jetzt leicht von der zurückbleibenden Verstärkung der Zwischenform trennen und entnehmen.1 schematically shows the flow chart for a method according to the present invention. One starts from a positive or negative master model made of any material, the method being particularly suitable for thermally very sensitive materials. The intermediate form is produced in two steps, namely first by spraying a layer of low-melting plastic on the master model, then this layer is laminated with synthetic resin. As an alternative to spraying, the material can also be poured on. It then massively covers the original model in the manner of a backing. The lamination of the layer of low-melting metal material can also be replaced by a massive back casting, for example with casting resin, metal, plaster or the like. Then the finished intermediate model is removed from the mold. The next steps deal with making the final shape. A layer of high-strength and high-melting material is sprayed onto the layer of low-melting metal material. This high-strength layer is cast with resin, metal or ceramic material. Now the layer is made of low-melting metallic material melted, either with direct heat or inductively. The final shape can now be easily separated and removed from the remaining reinforcement of the intermediate shape.
Die Fig. 2a zeigt anschaulich das Herstellen der Zwischenform in einer Bildfolge. Im Teilbild I ruht das Urmodell (2) auf einem Träger (1). Der Träger (1) erstreckt sich dabei über das Urmodell (2) hinaus. Teilbild II zeigt, wie Träger (1) und Urmodell (2) mit einer Schicht (3) aus niedrigschmelzendem metallischen Material überzogen sind. Es ist auch möglich, am Träger (1) einen Rahmen (1a, 1b) anzubringen und den so entstehenden Hohlraum vollständig mit dem niedrigschmelzenden Material (3a) auszufüllen. Dies ist im Bild IIA dargestellt. Dann entfällt der nächste Verfahrensschritt, nämlich das Verstärken der Schicht (3). Die Schicht (3) kann durch ein Laminat (4) aus Kunststoff verstärkt werden (Bild III) oder wieder mit Gießharz, Gips oder dergleichen massiv hintergossen. Dies in Bild IIIA gezeigt, wo wieder am Träger ein Rahmen (1a, 1b) vorgesehen ist, welche einen mit dem zu hintergießenden Material (4a) auszufüllenden Raum bilden. Die nun fertige Zwischenform, die bevorzugt aus einer Schicht (3) aus niedrigschmelzendem metallischen Werkstoff und einer Verstärkung aus Laminat (4) besteht, kann nun vom Urmodell (2) abgenommen werden, wobei das Urmodell (2) auf dem Träger (1) verbleibt.2a clearly shows the production of the intermediate form in an image sequence. In partial image I, the original model (2) rests on a carrier (1). The carrier (1) extends beyond the original model (2). Part II shows how the carrier (1) and master model (2) are coated with a layer (3) of low-melting metal material. It is also possible to attach a frame (1a, 1b) to the carrier (1) and to completely fill the resulting cavity with the low-melting material (3a). This is shown in Figure IIA. Then the next process step, namely the reinforcement of the layer (3), is omitted. The layer (3) can be reinforced with a laminate (4) made of plastic (Fig. III) or back cast with solid resin, plaster or the like. This is shown in Figure IIIA, where a frame (1a, 1b) is again provided on the carrier, which form a space to be filled with the material (4a) to be cast. The now finished intermediate form, which preferably consists of a layer (3) made of low-melting metal material and a reinforcement made of laminate (4), can now be removed from the original model (2), the original model (2) remaining on the carrier (1) .
Fig. 2b zeigt das Herstellen der Endform. Dazu ist es günstig, die Zwischenform zu wenden, so daß sie auf zwei Stützen (6a, 6b) mit der Laminatseite (4) ruhend gelagert werden kann. Auf die Schicht (3) aus niedrigschmelzendem metallischen Werkstoff wird dann die Schicht (5) aus hochfestem und hochschmelzendem Werkstoff aufgebracht, bevorzugt aufgespritzt. Im Bild V ist die Zwischenform (3, 4) mit der Schicht (5) aus hochfestem Material auf den Stützen (6a, 6b) ruhend dargestellt.An den Stützen (6a, 6b) kann ein Rahmen (7a, 7b) angebracht werden, um - wie in Bild VI dargestellt - zusammen mit der Zwischenform (3, 4) und der Schicht (5) einen zu hinterfütternden Raum (8) zu definieren. Das Material zum Hinterfüttern wird man auch danach auswählen, ob beispielsweise die Endform hermisch belastet wird oder nicht. Falls dies nicht der Fall ist, ist es auch denkbar, den Raum (8) mit Polyurethan oder einem anderen Kunststoff auszuschäumen, wodurch die Endform niedrig im Gewicht wird. Wird Temperaturbeständigkeit auch der Hinterfütterung gefordert, so sind Materialien wie Zink, Aluminium, Bronze, Gips, Beton und dergleichen geeigneter. Schließlich zeigt Bild VII die Endform, bestehend aus der Schicht (5) aus hochfestem Material, den Rahmen (7a, 7b) und der Hinterfütterung (8). Es ist hier nicht dargestellt, wie das Trennen von Zwischenform und Endform erfolgt.2b shows the production of the final shape. For this purpose, it is favorable to turn the intermediate shape so that it can be stored on two supports (6a, 6b) with the laminate side (4) at rest. The layer (5) made of high-strength and high-melting material is then applied, preferably sprayed, onto the layer (3) made of low-melting metal material. The intermediate form (3, 4) with the layer (5) of high-strength material resting on the supports (6a, 6b) is shown in image V. A frame (7a, 7b) can be attached to the supports (6a, 6b), in order to define a space (8) to be backfilled together with the intermediate form (3, 4) and the layer (5) - as shown in Figure VI. The backing material will also be selected according to whether, for example, the final shape is hermetically loaded or not. If this is not the case, it is also conceivable to foam the space (8) with polyurethane or another plastic, whereby the final shape becomes low in weight. If temperature resistance is also required for the backing, then Materials such as zinc, aluminum, bronze, plaster, concrete and the like are more suitable. Finally, Figure VII shows the final shape, consisting of the layer (5) made of high-strength material, the frame (7a, 7b) and the backing (8). It is not shown here how the intermediate form and the final form are separated.
Dies wird im Zusammenhang mit der in Fig. 3 gezeigten Vorrichtung erläutert. Die Vorrichtung besteht aus einer Wanne (9), die auf mit Füßen (11a, 11b) versehenen Beinen (10a, 10b) ruht. In der Wanne (9) ist in einem Abstand vom Wannenboden ein Gitter oder ein Rost (12) untergebracht. Auf dem Rost (12) steht die zum Trennen bereite Anordnung aus Zwischenform (3, 4), Endform (5, 7a, 7b, 8) und Stützen (6a, 6b). In die Wanne (9) wird nun soviel Öl oder Wasser (13) eingeleitet, daß die Schicht (5) aus hochfestem Material und damit auch die Schicht (3) aus niedrigschmelzendem Material gut bedeckt sind. Die Flüssigkeit (13) wird soweit erhitzt, daß die Schicht (3) aus niedrigschmelzendem Werkstoff aufschmilzt. Ob Wasser oder öl als Flüssigkeit (13) gewählt werden, hängt also davon ab, aus welchem Werkstoff die Schicht (3) besteht. Der niedrigschmelzende Werkstoff kann nun durch Kippen der Anordnung auf den Boden der Wanne (9) geleitet werden, oder es können in der Laminatschicht (4) an einigen Stellen Bohrungen vorgesehen sein, durch die der niedrigschmelzende Werkstoff im geschmolzenen Zustand abfließen kann. Das sich am Boden der Wanne (9) ansammelnde Material kann durch einen Hahn (15) abgeleitet und wieder verwendet werden.This is explained in connection with the device shown in FIG. 3. The device consists of a trough (9) which rests on legs (10a, 10b) provided with feet (11a, 11b). A grid or grate (12) is accommodated in the tub (9) at a distance from the tub floor. The arrangement of intermediate form (3, 4), final form (5, 7a, 7b, 8) and supports (6a, 6b) is ready on the grate (12). So much oil or water (13) is now introduced into the tub (9) that the layer (5) made of high-strength material and thus also the layer (3) made of low-melting material are well covered. The liquid (13) is heated to such an extent that the layer (3) of low-melting material melts. So whether water or oil is chosen as the liquid (13) depends on the material of which the layer (3) is made. The low-melting material can now be directed to the bottom of the trough (9) by tilting the arrangement, or holes can be provided in the laminate layer (4) at some points through which the low-melting material can flow in the molten state. The material collecting at the bottom of the tub (9) can be drained off and used again by means of a tap (15).
Das Aufschmelzen kann selbstverständlich auch in einem Ofen erfolgen, oder auch induktiv oder durch einen in die Hintertüre eingegossenen Kupferschlauch oder Heißpatrone erfolgen.The melting can of course also take place in an oven, or also inductively or through a copper hose or hot cartridge cast into the rear door.
Claims (17)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19883831192 DE3831192A1 (en) | 1988-09-14 | 1988-09-14 | METHOD FOR PRODUCING SHAPES AND SHELLS, FOUNDRY MODELS, CORE SOCKETS AND THE LIKE, WITH STRUCTURED SURFACE |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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EP0423390A1 true EP0423390A1 (en) | 1991-04-24 |
Family
ID=6362905
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP89119394A Withdrawn EP0423390A1 (en) | 1988-09-14 | 1989-10-19 | Process for fabricating moulds, shell-moulds, foundry patterns, core boxes etc., having a structured surface |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
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EP (1) | EP0423390A1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE3831192A1 (en) |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE4209975A1 (en) * | 1992-03-27 | 1993-09-30 | Krupp Widia Gmbh | Composite body and its use |
EP0711615A1 (en) * | 1994-11-09 | 1996-05-15 | Gerhard Dr. Betz | Permanent mould for metal-, plastic- and glass casting |
EP1733824A2 (en) * | 2005-06-15 | 2006-12-20 | Uneco, S.A. | Casting mould and process for its manufacturing |
EP1854568A1 (en) * | 2006-05-09 | 2007-11-14 | K1 GmbH | Method for casting 3-D freely formable shapes with microstructured surfaces |
Families Citing this family (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3831192A1 (en) * | 1988-09-14 | 1990-03-22 | Hek Gmbh | METHOD FOR PRODUCING SHAPES AND SHELLS, FOUNDRY MODELS, CORE SOCKETS AND THE LIKE, WITH STRUCTURED SURFACE |
WO1998015372A1 (en) * | 1996-10-07 | 1998-04-16 | Hek Gmbh | Method and device for making moulds and tools |
DE10314373A1 (en) * | 2003-03-28 | 2004-10-07 | Rwth Aachen | Original process for a component with a microstructured functional element |
DE10317797B4 (en) * | 2003-04-16 | 2005-06-30 | AHC-Oberflächentechnik GmbH & Co. OHG | Rapid prototyping process |
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GB605405A (en) * | 1944-12-26 | 1948-07-22 | Briggs Mfg Co | Improvements in and relating to method of making patterns |
GB1184095A (en) * | 1967-03-07 | 1970-03-11 | Chelton Forming Ltd | Improvements in or relating to the Manufacture of Core-Boxes for Foundry Work |
GB1186444A (en) * | 1967-03-30 | 1970-04-02 | Norman Waddleton | A Method of Manufacturing a Ceramic Shell Mould |
US4231982A (en) * | 1975-05-20 | 1980-11-04 | Ab Volvo | Method for the production of tools for deep drawing, moulding, extruding and the like |
DE3831192A1 (en) * | 1988-09-14 | 1990-03-22 | Hek Gmbh | METHOD FOR PRODUCING SHAPES AND SHELLS, FOUNDRY MODELS, CORE SOCKETS AND THE LIKE, WITH STRUCTURED SURFACE |
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DE2445641A1 (en) * | 1974-09-25 | 1976-04-08 | Demag Ag | Negative mould prodn. for investment casting - for fabrication of lost wax or plastics patterns |
DE2814352A1 (en) * | 1978-04-03 | 1979-10-04 | Kleine Brockhoff Gmbh | METHOD OF MANUFACTURING MODEL FACILITIES BY AND MADE BY THIS PROCESS |
DE2922177A1 (en) * | 1979-05-31 | 1980-12-04 | Helmlinger Gmbh Modell Und For | Foundry pattern mfr. - by spraying tin layer on negative and back filling with metal core reinforced plastics |
-
1988
- 1988-09-14 DE DE19883831192 patent/DE3831192A1/en not_active Ceased
-
1989
- 1989-10-19 EP EP89119394A patent/EP0423390A1/en not_active Withdrawn
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GB605405A (en) * | 1944-12-26 | 1948-07-22 | Briggs Mfg Co | Improvements in and relating to method of making patterns |
GB1184095A (en) * | 1967-03-07 | 1970-03-11 | Chelton Forming Ltd | Improvements in or relating to the Manufacture of Core-Boxes for Foundry Work |
GB1186444A (en) * | 1967-03-30 | 1970-04-02 | Norman Waddleton | A Method of Manufacturing a Ceramic Shell Mould |
US4231982A (en) * | 1975-05-20 | 1980-11-04 | Ab Volvo | Method for the production of tools for deep drawing, moulding, extruding and the like |
DE3831192A1 (en) * | 1988-09-14 | 1990-03-22 | Hek Gmbh | METHOD FOR PRODUCING SHAPES AND SHELLS, FOUNDRY MODELS, CORE SOCKETS AND THE LIKE, WITH STRUCTURED SURFACE |
Cited By (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE4209975A1 (en) * | 1992-03-27 | 1993-09-30 | Krupp Widia Gmbh | Composite body and its use |
US5587233A (en) * | 1992-03-27 | 1996-12-24 | Widia Gmbh | Composite body and its use |
EP0711615A1 (en) * | 1994-11-09 | 1996-05-15 | Gerhard Dr. Betz | Permanent mould for metal-, plastic- and glass casting |
EP1733824A2 (en) * | 2005-06-15 | 2006-12-20 | Uneco, S.A. | Casting mould and process for its manufacturing |
EP1733824A3 (en) * | 2005-06-15 | 2007-07-25 | Uneco, S.A. | Casting mould and process for its manufacturing |
ES2284328A1 (en) * | 2005-06-15 | 2007-11-01 | Uneco, S.A. | Casting mould and process for its manufacturing |
EP1854568A1 (en) * | 2006-05-09 | 2007-11-14 | K1 GmbH | Method for casting 3-D freely formable shapes with microstructured surfaces |
DE102006021477A1 (en) * | 2006-05-09 | 2007-11-15 | K1 Gmbh | Method for molding microstructured three-dimensional freeform surfaces |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE3831192A1 (en) | 1990-03-22 |
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