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EP0421903B2 - Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Brenners und Brenner für Drehofen - Google Patents

Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Brenners und Brenner für Drehofen Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0421903B2
EP0421903B2 EP90430017A EP90430017A EP0421903B2 EP 0421903 B2 EP0421903 B2 EP 0421903B2 EP 90430017 A EP90430017 A EP 90430017A EP 90430017 A EP90430017 A EP 90430017A EP 0421903 B2 EP0421903 B2 EP 0421903B2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
air
burner
central
axial
primary
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP90430017A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0421903A2 (de
EP0421903A3 (en
EP0421903B1 (de
Inventor
Werner Collenbusch
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Entreprise Generale de Chauffage Industriel Pillard SA
Original Assignee
Entreprise Generale de Chauffage Industriel Pillard SA
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Filing date
Publication date
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Application filed by Entreprise Generale de Chauffage Industriel Pillard SA filed Critical Entreprise Generale de Chauffage Industriel Pillard SA
Publication of EP0421903A2 publication Critical patent/EP0421903A2/de
Publication of EP0421903A3 publication Critical patent/EP0421903A3/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0421903B1 publication Critical patent/EP0421903B1/de
Publication of EP0421903B2 publication Critical patent/EP0421903B2/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D17/00—Burners for combustion conjointly or alternatively of gaseous or liquid or pulverulent fuel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C7/00—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for air supply

Definitions

  • the subject of the present invention is a method operating a burner for a rotary tube oven, in which fuel and primary air are brought concentrically.
  • the present invention also relates to a burner for a rotary tube furnace equipped a burner nozzle fitted with flues fuel and primary air, which are arranged substantially concentric with each other, which primary air has air rotated and axially flowing air.
  • This known burner comprises, in addition to an inlet central fuel for oil, another concentrically arranged fuel supply to this one for pulverized coal or any other analogous fuel.
  • this solid fuel inlet is between two primary air streams, one of which is current central, is rotated or swirled, that is, it has a direction component tangential or peripheral and of which the other, which is external, has a flow velocity essentially axial in order to stabilize the flame penetrating far into the rotary kiln.
  • the known burner has in its center, a arrival of liquid fuel, usually oil.
  • Liquid fuel is sprayed into fines droplets by means of a nozzle and mixes after it leaves the central opening of the nozzle at primary air, which comes out of the outlet opening of swirling air, which opening is located radially around the central opening.
  • Known burners are usually operated with a proportion of primary air included between 8% and 25% of the total amount of air from combustion.
  • the present invention aims to provide a operating method of a tube furnace burner rotary and also a burner for setting using this process, which can work with a lower proportion of primary air and have a larger adjustment range of the operating speed.
  • combustion starts at a higher long distance in front of the center of the nozzle burner in comparison with processes and burners known.
  • combustion starts at a higher long distance in front of the center of the nozzle burner in comparison with processes and burners known.
  • the flame resulting has a central area that extends forward and radially, in which it does not produces virtually no noticeable combustion fuel with oxygen from the air.
  • a small primary air flow in this area central which is between 2 and 10% of the air total primary, avoid such a backtrack of products of combustion, without providing a lot of oxygen which would decrease the central area rich in fuel.
  • the burner setting range can be significantly increased and this to less 10% of the maximum speed, for which the burner is designed.
  • the proportion of primary air to be used to stabilize the flame can be reduced preferably below 6% per relative to the overall amount of combustion air. This facilitates the manufacture of the feeding devices in primary air which can be designed respectively weaker.
  • a particular advantage of consumption reduced primary air lies in the economy of energy attached to it for a performance equal in addition and also in the reduction the proportion of nitrogen oxides in the gases of combustion.
  • the object of the invention is achieved in that the swirling air inlets and axial air are located outside the holes for the fuel supply and that the radial distance minimum with respect to the center of the nozzle of the vortex air outlet burner and axial air is at least twice the radius of a central orifice of the flame stabilizer.
  • Flame stabilizer has a flange which surrounds a central opening, and which is located in the center of the burner nozzle and preferably at the end of an oil nozzle holder. he helps to form and stabilize the flame.
  • the flame stabilizer which overflows in the direction radial with respect to the central nozzle holder for oil, thus provides sufficient radial distance from other annular openings for primary air and / or other fuels which are located radially outside the flame stabilizer.
  • the spokes of the central opening of the stabilizer flame and the annular orifice for the primary primary air stream closest to the interior are chosen, so that the current of interior primary air is at a distance from center of the nozzle which corresponds to at least the double the central opening of the stabilizer flame. So the central opening of the stabilizer of flame corresponds substantially to the orifice of the central fuel line nozzle.
  • a conduit annular for solid and / or gaseous fuel arranged radially inside the air duct primary and radially outside the stabilizer of flame.
  • primary air duct refers to in general to most of the primary air which is brought axially or in swirling form and should not include the small proportion of air primary (central air) which is brought into the area central flame to avoid the return in rear of combustion products.
  • openings are provided in the stabilizer flame, outside the central opening.
  • the opening of axial air flow outlet is most the outside possible in the radial direction and that it has, in addition, an external edge which overflows axially.
  • This outer crown contributes to better constancy of the axial direction of the air, so that combustion is improved and the flame is stabilized.
  • the annular conduits primary air and / or fuel supply solid or gaseous have conical walls and these walls as well as the connected concentric tubes to these are axially movable one by relation to each other, so that one can as well adjust the free cross section of the annular passage.
  • each conduit is cylindrical to avoid a divergent flow parallel to the direction conical walls.
  • radial partitions for orientation axial and primary air circulation in separate channels, which are arranged on a ring and which basically extend in the direction axial.
  • partitions contribute to an axial orientation additional corresponding primary air and also increase the axial output speed, by the fact that they reduce the free section of the annular duct and they divide it into a plurality of individual channels arranged all around of a ring.
  • some of these channels are at least partially closed or are adjustable.
  • the partitions can by example be made wide enough towards peripheral so that they close a channel at least in part or that they correspond to a closed channel.
  • the flame stabilizer is shifted backwards by axial direction relative to outlet openings of the main part of the primary air and solid or gaseous fuels.
  • This can be made for example by fixing the stabilizer flame in the tube casing of the burner rod, which is axially movable, which tube is offset axially accordingly.
  • Figure 1 an overview of a burner with part of the power installations.
  • Figure 2a a longitudinal section of a first embodiment of a burner nozzle.
  • Figure 2b a partial left view of the Figure 2a.
  • Figure 3 a longitudinal section of another embodiment of a burner nozzle with possibility of supplying solid fuels sprayed.
  • Figure 4 a longitudinal section of a nozzle burner with additional possibility supply of a gaseous fuel.
  • Figure 5 a longitudinal section of a nozzle burner with additional possibility supply of solid fuel and fuel gaseous.
  • Figure 1 shows a burner nozzle 1 placed at the end of an external burner tube 5 ", which is at the same time the outer wall of a 5 'primary air duct flowing towards axial.
  • the axial air is supplied by a tube 25, the arrival of the swirling air takes place via a tube 24, and these two parts of primary air are adjustable separately by respective valves 45 and 44 and are connected on the same main pipe primary air.
  • a pipe 22 derives from this primary air line and this bypass ends in a tube that concentrically surrounds the burner rod casing tube 10 '.
  • a liquid fuel such as oil is supplied centrally to the burner nozzle through the line 21.
  • a tube 23 which is intended for the supply of pulverized solid fuels, generally pulverized carbon, is connected to the annular duct 15 'visible in Figures 3 and 5.
  • Concentric tubes 10 ", 11", 4 “, 5", 15 “and 19 ", which are engaged with each other, have different lengths.
  • the tubes placed more inside protrude axially towards the rear of the tubes located more outside, so that, as we see in Figure 1, we can set up adjustment devices 33, 34, 35 which allow a relative axial displacement of the tubes relative to one another to the other.
  • the individual tubes are connected to each other by means of deformable bellows.
  • a control unit 30 is used for monitoring and the control of primary air currents.
  • Figure 2a shows a longitudinal section and Figure 2b a partial front view of a burner nozzle which is designed to operate exclusively with a fuel, for example oil, arriving in the center.
  • a fuel for example oil
  • the flame stabilizer 3 which is located at the end of the tube 10 ', which wraps the rod oil burner nozzle holder which protrudes clearly in radial direction relative to the opening of the nozzle guarantees that the opening 4 of the duct annular feeder along 4 'leads to a significant radial distance from the central opening 2 of the flame stabilizer.
  • the radial distance D of the annular opening 4 relative to the axis of the burner is more than three times the radius d of the opening 2.
  • the corresponding distances are indicated in Figure 4, in which the ratio D / d is even bigger.
  • the area essentially in front of the flame stabilizer constitutes a dead zone central 20, which is outside the current of central fuel and clearly inside of the main intake of primary air leaving the openings annulars 4 and 5.
  • the stabilizer flame 3 has a hub in the form of flange surrounding a central hole 2. This hub has small openings 13. The outer face of the hub, i.e. the front face, carries fins 12 which guide the low proportion of air primary leaving openings 13.
  • the external supply conduit 5 ' has at its end of the conical walls 6, which diverge outwards.
  • partitions 6 ' which have a longitudinal section of triangular shape. These triangular walls are juxtaposed along a common side which is parallel to the axis of the burner and which is placed at the same radial distance from this axis as the outer wall of the conduit 5 '.
  • 6 'partitions can also have a sufficient width in the peripheral direction so that they correspond to the parts located between the channels 5 shown in Figure 2. These parties can also be considered closed channels 5.
  • the supply duct 4 has in front from the conical end, a swirl device 14 air, i.e. rotating around the axis of the burner.
  • This device is made up essentially air guide fins which are oriented obliquely to the axis of the burner.
  • edge 8 which projects forward in axial direction, provides exit direction axial of the axial air flow.
  • FIG. 3 represents an embodiment of the burner nozzle which differs from the mode embodiment shown in Figure 2 essentially by the presence of an additional conduit 15 ', for pulverulent solid fuels, which is located between the flame stabilizer 3 and the 4 'swirling primary air duct.
  • FIG. 4 represents an embodiment comprising, in place of the conduit 15 'for a solid fuel, another 19 'duct for a gaseous fuel, the terminal section of which can be conical, as for the 4 'duct, and which may also include a device for swirl the gas coming out of this duct.
  • the terminal section of the conduit 19 ' has a cylindrical shape in the area of the opening 19, in order to avoid a divergence of the gaseous fuel that comes out.
  • FIG. 5 represents an embodiment which includes both a 15 'supply duct for solid fuels and a 19 'duct for gaseous fuels.
  • a burner and a operating method of a burner intended to equip a rotary tube oven which allow a reduced proportion of primary air and a more large burner adjustment range, which leads to lower energy consumption and reduced formation of harmful nitrogen oxides the environment.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Pre-Mixing And Non-Premixing Gas Burner (AREA)
  • Muffle Furnaces And Rotary Kilns (AREA)
  • Incineration Of Waste (AREA)

Claims (13)

  1. Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Brenners für Drehrohröfen, in die Brennstoffe und Primärverbrennungsluft konzentrisch in mindestens zwei Leitungen zugeführt werden, wobei die Primärluft selbst durch mindestens zwei Ringleitungen (4', 5') eingeleitet wird, nämlich durch die eine in Form eines Wirbelluftstroms mit in Umfangsrichtung verlaufenden Strömungskomponenten und durch die andere in Form eines axialen Luftstroms mit im wesentlichen axialen Strömungskomponenten, so daß
    die Leitungen (4', 5') für die Primärluftströme, die in Umfangsrichtung verlaufende bzw. axiale Komponenten aufweisen, radial außerhalb jeder Brennstoffleitung angeordnet werden;
    ein Flammenstabilisator (3) im zentralen Bereich (20) angeordnet wird, welcher Flammenstabilisator in radialer Richtung in bezug auf die Öffnung einer zentralen Brennstoffzufuhrleitung (2) deutlich vorsteht;
    in den zentralen Bereich (20) entweder direkt um die zentrale Leitung (2) herum und/oder radial innerhalb der Brennstoffzufuhrringleitung (15, 19) höchstens eine kleine Menge an Primärluft von 2 % bis 10 % der Gesamtmenge an Primärluft derart eingebracht wird, daß es in diesem zentralen Bereich zu keiner nennenswerten Verbrennung des Brennstoffs kommt, wodurch dieser zentrale Bereich (2) zum toten Bereich wird.
  2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß eine Menge an Primärluft von unter 10 % der Gesamtmenge an Primärluft, einschließlich jeglichen Trägergases für einen festen Brennstoff, in den zentralen toten Bereich (20) eingeleitet wird.
  3. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Anteil an Primärverbrennungsluft unter 6 % beträgt.
  4. Brenner für einen Drehrohrofen mit einer Brennerdüse, welche mit im wesentlichen konzentrischen Brennstoffzufuhrleitungen und Leitungen für Primärverbrennungsluft, umfassend Axialluft und in Drehung versetzte Luft, versehen ist, bei welchem:
    die Austrittsöffnungen (4, 5) für die in Drehung versetzte Luft und für die Axialluft radial außerhalb der Austrittsöffnungen (10, 15, 19) für die Brennstoffe angeordnet sind;
    der radiale Minimalabstand der Austrittsöffnungen (4, 5) des Hauptteils der Primärluft in bezug auf den Mittelpunkt der Düse des Brenners (1) mindestens zweimal so groß wie der Radius der zentralen Öffnung (2) eines Flammenstabilisators (3) ist;
    welcher Stabilisator (3) in radialer Richtung in bezug auf die Öffnung einer zentralen Leitung (2) deutlich vorsteht, die im wesentlichen der Öffnung der Düse einer zentralen Brennstoffleitung entspricht und Öffnungen (13) für den Durchtritt eines kleinen Teils an Primärverbrennungsluft aufweist, die außerhalb dieser zentralen Öffnung (2) vorgesehen sind.
  5. Brenner nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß er eine ringförmige Austrittsöffnung (15, 19) für feste und/oder gasförmige Brennstoffe aufweist, die sich radial innerhalb der Austrittsöffnungen (4, 5) für in Drehung versetzte Primärluft und für Axialluft und außerhalb des Flammenstabilisators (3) befindet.
  6. Brenner nach einem der Ansprüche 4 oder 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Flammenstabilisator (3) am vorderen Ende eines zentralen Öldüsenträgers angeordnet ist.
  7. Brenner nach einem der Ansprüche 4 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Austrittsöffnung (5) für Axialluft radial so weit außen wie möglich vorgesehen ist und einen axial nach vorne überstehenden Außenrand (8) hat.
  8. Brenner nach einem der Ansprüche 4 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Zufuhrringleitungen oberhalb ihrer Austrittsöffnung (4, 5, 15, 19) relativ zueinander axial verschiebbare konische Wandabschnitte (6, 7, 16, 17) aufweisen.
  9. Brenner nach Anspruch 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß zumindest manche der Zufuhrringleitungen einen zylindrischen Endabschnitt (9) mindestens einer Wand (6, 7, 16, 17) jeder der Zufuhrleitungen aufweisen, welcher sich zwischen dem konischen Wandabschnitt und der ringförmigen Austrittsöffnung befindet.
  10. Brenner nach einem der Ansprüche 8 oder 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Ringkanal (5') für die Axialluft im konischen Bereich (6) Zwischenwände (6') für die Zufuhr und axiale Ausrichtung der Primärluft in kranzförmig angeordneten und sich axial erstreckenden getrennten Kanälen aufweist.
  11. Brenner nach Anspruch 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Querschnitt des Ringdurchtritts (5) für die Axialluft oder die entsprechenden, kranzförmig angeordneten Kanäle zumindest teilweise verschlossen oder verschließbar sind.
  12. Brenner nach einem der Ansprüche 10 oder 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Summe der freien Durchtrittsquerschnitte der axialen Kanäle im wesentlichen kleiner als der Querschnitt der Ringleitung (5') für die in axialer Richtung strömende Primärluft ist.
  13. Brenner nach einem der Ansprüche 4 bis 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der F'lammenstabilisator (4) in bezug auf die Austrittsöffnungen (4, 5, 15, 19) der Rotationsluft, der Axialluft und/oder der festen oder gasförmigen Brennstoffe axial zurückversetzt ist.
EP90430017A 1989-10-04 1990-09-14 Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Brenners und Brenner für Drehofen Expired - Lifetime EP0421903B2 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3933050A DE3933050C2 (de) 1989-10-04 1989-10-04 Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Brenners für Drehrohröfen und Brenner hierfür
DE3933050 1989-10-04

Publications (4)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0421903A2 EP0421903A2 (de) 1991-04-10
EP0421903A3 EP0421903A3 (en) 1991-10-02
EP0421903B1 EP0421903B1 (de) 1994-12-14
EP0421903B2 true EP0421903B2 (de) 1998-09-23

Family

ID=6390771

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP90430017A Expired - Lifetime EP0421903B2 (de) 1989-10-04 1990-09-14 Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Brenners und Brenner für Drehofen

Country Status (6)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0421903B2 (de)
AT (1) ATE115706T1 (de)
CA (1) CA2026857A1 (de)
DE (1) DE3933050C2 (de)
DK (1) DK0421903T3 (de)
ES (1) ES2066179T5 (de)

Families Citing this family (19)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19504667B4 (de) * 1995-02-13 2005-01-05 Schwenk Zement Kg Brenneranlage für Zementöfen
DK173204B1 (da) 1997-03-07 2000-03-13 F.L.Smidth & Co A/S r i en ovn Fremgangsmaede og braender til at indfoere braende
FR2772888B1 (fr) * 1997-12-24 2000-03-10 Pillard Chauffage Amelioration aux bruleurs a combustible solide
FR2772887B1 (fr) 1997-12-24 2000-03-17 Pillard Chauffage Bruleur a faible emission d'oxyde d'azote avec circuit de gaz recycle
FR2780489B1 (fr) * 1998-06-24 2000-09-08 Pillard Chauffage Perfectionnement aux bruleurs comportant au moins trois conduits d'alimentation en air, dont deux axial et en rotation, concentriques avec au moins une alimentation-en combustible, et un stabilisateur central
FR2792393B1 (fr) * 1999-04-16 2001-06-29 Pillard Chauffage Bruleur a plusieurs combustibles
FR2803022A1 (fr) 1999-12-28 2001-06-29 Pillard Chauffage Procede d'installation d'alimentation en air d'un bruleur a combustible solide et pulverise
IT1316825B1 (it) * 2000-03-22 2003-05-12 Italcementi Spa Dispositivo per l'iniezione di combustibili solidi in formapolverizzata in un forno da cemento
US6315551B1 (en) 2000-05-08 2001-11-13 Entreprise Generale De Chauffage Industriel Pillard Burners having at least three air feed ducts, including an axial air duct and a rotary air duct concentric with at least one fuel feed, and a central stabilizer
FR2823290B1 (fr) 2001-04-06 2006-08-18 Air Liquide Procede de combustion comportant des injections separees de combustible et d oxydant et ensemble bruleur pour la mise en oeuvre de ce procede
DE10140422C1 (de) * 2001-08-17 2002-11-28 Eisenmann Kg Maschbau Thermische Nachverbrennungsvorrichtung
FR2851032B1 (fr) 2003-02-06 2005-11-11 Pillard Chauffage Perfectionnement au bruleur comportant un stabilisateur de flamme et au moins deux conduits d'air primaire, axial et en rotation, concentriques autour d'au moins une alimentation en combustible
FR2919043A1 (fr) * 2007-07-20 2009-01-23 Pillard Chauffage Bruleur comportant une conduite annulaire d'alimentation en air
FR2930626B1 (fr) * 2008-04-28 2010-05-21 Fives Pillard Bruleur a points peripheriques d'injection d'air a flux axial
DE202008009650U1 (de) * 2008-07-18 2009-11-26 Ammann Schweiz Ag Mehrstoff-Brenner
CN106568081A (zh) * 2016-11-03 2017-04-19 扬州新建水泥技术装备有限公司 一种新型燃烧器
CN113203283B (zh) * 2021-04-26 2022-04-22 中国科学院力学研究所 一种水泥回转窑富氧风铲式窑头分级燃烧装置与方法
CN113464934A (zh) * 2021-07-07 2021-10-01 湖北锋焰机电科技有限公司 一种具有缓冲降噪功能的低氮燃烧器及其控制方法
FR3144646A1 (fr) * 2022-12-28 2024-07-05 Fives Pillard Bruleur a precombustion

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2905746C2 (de) * 1979-02-15 1985-11-07 Pillard Feuerungen GmbH, 6204 Taunusstein Brenner für feinkörnige Festbrennstoffe und deren Kombination mit flüssigen und/oder gasförmigen Brennstoffen
CA1204999A (en) * 1981-04-08 1986-05-27 Edward J. Campobenedetto Low nox multifuel burner

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE115706T1 (de) 1994-12-15
DE3933050A1 (de) 1991-04-11
EP0421903A2 (de) 1991-04-10
CA2026857A1 (en) 1991-04-05
EP0421903A3 (en) 1991-10-02
DE3933050C2 (de) 2000-06-15
ES2066179T5 (es) 1999-01-01
ES2066179T3 (es) 1995-03-01
DK0421903T3 (da) 1995-05-15
EP0421903B1 (de) 1994-12-14

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