EP0410867A1 - Process for cleaning hot surfaces of ovens as well as installation and granules for carrying it out - Google Patents
Process for cleaning hot surfaces of ovens as well as installation and granules for carrying it out Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0410867A1 EP0410867A1 EP90402118A EP90402118A EP0410867A1 EP 0410867 A1 EP0410867 A1 EP 0410867A1 EP 90402118 A EP90402118 A EP 90402118A EP 90402118 A EP90402118 A EP 90402118A EP 0410867 A1 EP0410867 A1 EP 0410867A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- oxidizing agent
- installation
- deposits
- piping
- ovens
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 title claims description 20
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 title claims description 20
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- PAWQVTBBRAZDMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-bromo-2-fluorophenyl)acetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC1=CC=CC(Br)=C1F PAWQVTBBRAZDMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- XTEGARKTQYYJKE-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chlorate Chemical class [O-]Cl(=O)=O XTEGARKTQYYJKE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 5
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000001642 boronic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- ZCDOYSPFYFSLEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromate(2-) Chemical class [O-][Cr]([O-])(=O)=O ZCDOYSPFYFSLEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- -1 chromates Chemical compound 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000002823 nitrates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000002826 nitrites Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011236 particulate material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000002978 peroxides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 3
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical class 0.000 claims 3
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims 3
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004071 soot Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004517 catalytic hydrocracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002925 chemical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003517 fume Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 238000003303 reheating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005488 sandblasting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005292 vacuum distillation Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D25/00—Devices or methods for removing incrustations, e.g. slag, metal deposits, dust; Devices or methods for preventing the adherence of slag
- F27D25/008—Devices or methods for removing incrustations, e.g. slag, metal deposits, dust; Devices or methods for preventing the adherence of slag using fluids or gases, e.g. blowers, suction units
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L10/00—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes
- C10L10/06—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes for facilitating soot removal
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J3/00—Removing solid residues from passages or chambers beyond the fire, e.g. from flues by soot blowers
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28G—CLEANING OF INTERNAL OR EXTERNAL SURFACES OF HEAT-EXCHANGE OR HEAT-TRANSFER CONDUITS, e.g. WATER TUBES OR BOILERS
- F28G1/00—Non-rotary, e.g. reciprocated, appliances
- F28G1/16—Non-rotary, e.g. reciprocated, appliances using jets of fluid for removing debris
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for cleaning hot surfaces of ovens, as well as an installation and granules for its implementation.
- ovens In many fields of industry, and in particular of the petrochemical industry, ovens, boilers, air coolers are used, hereinafter called “ovens” and provided with heat exchangers having surfaces in particular metallic and in particular bundles mostly tubular. These heat exchangers often have fouling, in particular on the heating fluid side, in the form of deposits, the composition of which varies according to the fluids (liquid or gaseous) which supply the calories to the exchanger.
- the present invention overcomes these drawbacks, in fact it relates to a method of cleaning by disintegration of deposits on the surfaces of furnaces in operation, implemented dry.
- an oxidizing agent in particulate form is sprayed onto the surfaces to be cleaned; the dry oxidizing agent itself is sprayed into a dry gas flow under pressure.
- dry is meant substantially free of water.
- ovens in particular all ovens and boilers comprising surfaces hot interiors, notably metallic, in particular refinery ovens, atmospheric distillation, vacuum distillation, reformer ovens, of the cylindrical oven or cabin oven type, or even double oven comprising two radiation zones and one or more convection zones common, as well as crackers and heat exchanger boilers.
- surface is meant more generally any hot surface of the furnace fouled by a deposit coming from a fuel, and in particular metal surfaces.
- the cleaning is carried out on the fly, that is to say without the installations being stopped.
- Surfaces, particularly metallic ones, are then commonly brought to temperatures of 200 to 1000 ° C., the temperatures being different in the radiation zones and in the convection zones.
- This cleaning according to the invention makes it possible to carry out the disintegration and elimination of deposits in a single step and results from the combination of two effects.
- these deposits contain combustible materials corresponding to the unburnt fuels generally used for reheating, these deposits can be eliminated by "chemical” or “thermal” effect due to the combustion of the deposits present on the hot surface which s 'ignite on contact with the oxidizing agent particles, this combustion causing disintegration of the deposits and burning the combustible materials present in these deposits.
- the oxidizing agent being in the form of a particle, the projection of these particles also has a "mechanical” effect linked to the speed of the particles when they come into contact with the surfaces to be cleaned. The combination of these two effects ensures the disintegration and elimination of deposits.
- oxides, peroxides and persalts of chromium, manganese, chlorine, sulfur, nitrogen or boron such as chromates, dichromates, permanganates, chlorates, nitrates, nitrites or borates of alkali metals. , alkaline earth, or ammonium, or mixtures thereof.
- the oxidizing agent according to the invention is in the form of granules.
- the particle size is between 0.5 and 2.5 mm and in particular between 1 and 2 mm. More particularly, a particle size of approximately 1.5 mm for ammonium nitrate granules has been shown to be particularly effective.
- the mechanical effect due to the projection of the granules according to the invention can be amplified by simultaneously projecting a hard particulate material.
- Sand can be used for this purpose, for example.
- the grain size of the sand is then chosen between 0.5 and 2 mm.
- cleaning sand When using a mixture of oxidizing agent and particulate material, depending on the degree of fouling of the surfaces to be treated, cleaning sand can be used in a proportion of up to 20% by weight.
- the density in the form of loose granules is for example between approximately 0.5 ⁇ 103 kg.m ⁇ 3 and 1.5.103kg.m ⁇ 3.
- the dry gas flow entraining the particles in contact with the surfaces to be cleaned must have, according to the invention, a speed sufficient to entrain the particles and allow them to complete the chemical and thermal effect of local combustion by the mechanical effect of attack on the deposits. .
- This mechanical effect is achieved in particular when the speed of the particles of oxidizing agent, and possibly of the hard particulate material, is between 100 and 250 m.s ⁇ 1. A speed of 130 to 200 m.s ⁇ 1 proved to be particularly effective.
- the present invention also relates to an installation for cleaning by disintegration of deposits on the hot surfaces of ovens by spraying an oxidizing agent in particulate form on these surfaces in a dry gas flow under pressure.
- the installations according to the invention include a piping for transporting the dry gas flow connected at one end to a source of dry gas under pressure, and at the other end to a means for spraying the gas-particle mixture of the type nozzle.
- This installation also comprises a particle tank provided with a means for dosing the particles.
- This metering means opens into the transfer piping and for this purpose, between its two ends, the transfer piping is provided with a connection with the metering means of the reservoir.
- the piping is at least in flexible part.
- the particle tank is pressurized, and provided with a gravity metering means, the pressure in the transfer piping and the pressure prevailing in the tank being compatible with the use of a valve. mechanical allowing the mechanical regulation of the dosing by gravity. These pressures can for example be substantially balanced.
- pressures of the order of 5.105 to 10.105 Pa for the compressed gas are preferred;
- the internal diameter of the piping is of the order of 25 to 50 mm;
- the means for projecting the gas-particle mixture of the nozzle type, and preferably of the Venturi type may have an internal diameter of the outlet opening of the order of 9.5 to 11 mm, and a length of 150 to 200 mm.
- the piping comprises at least one flexible part.
- this installation is intended to be actuated by a man who directs the nozzle and the jet emitted by the nozzle towards the deposits in the furnace.
- the means of projection can be fixed on a lance, which the man directs towards the surfaces to be cleaned, from all openings and / or manholes of the oven in operation. These can be the manholes on the periphery of the oven, the access door, the manholes, and even the explosion hatches.
- hoses As flexible hoses, it is preferable to use hoses with double woven reinforcement.
- these flexible pipes are chosen from a material which conducts electric current, which makes it possible to avoid the phenomena of static current, and therefore the risks of sparks and of explosion. This particular mode is very useful in refineries. The installation itself is then connected to ground.
- the present invention also relates to granules comprising at least one oxidizing agent for their application to the implementation of the method according to the invention, the particle size of which is between 0.5 and 2.5 mm, preferably 1 to 2 mm.
- the oxidizing agent can be chosen from the oxides, peroxides and persalts of chromium, manganese, chlorine, sulfur, nitrogen or boron such as chromates, dichromates, permanganates, chlorates, nitrates, nitrites or borates of alkali, alkaline earth, or ammonium or mixtures thereof.
- the oxidizing agent constituting the granules is ammonium nitrate.
- the method according to the invention was implemented in a cylindrical furnace of a hydrocracking unit of a oil refinery. It is an oven operating with a constant load.
- the oxidizing agent used is ammonium nitrate with a uniform particle size of approximately 1.5 mm, the density of the compound in the form of loose granules being 1.103kg.m ⁇ 3.
- This "pressure sandblaster” type device is connected to the compressor. It receives the granulate and routes it to the outlet in a dry gas flow at the speed necessary for spraying at the nozzle outlet.
- This device operates under pressure, according to the principle of gravity with regard to the passage of particles or granules from the tank to the piping used for transfer.
- the pressure prevailing in the particle tank is approximately equal to the pressure of the compressed air coming from the compressor through the transfer piping, which is the pressure prevailing below the granules or particles.
- the granulate is entrained by the gaseous flow of compressed air and enters the transfer piping via a metering means which allows the quantity of granule to be adjusted precisely. introduced. This regulation is carried out using a metering valve with mechanical regulation.
- the pipes are flexible with a double woven frame; they conduct electrical current.
- the internal diameter of the pipe is 32 mm.
- the nozzle used is of the Venturi type and nozzles were used having an outlet opening of 9.5 mm and lengths of 150 mm.
- the exit speed of the granules was then between 130 and 200 ms ⁇ 1.
- compressors which can develop a power of between approximately 50 and 150 CV, and which can provide a pressure of between 4.105 and 10.105 Pa, these values being given for information only.
- the choice of the projection nozzle must also take into account the type of intervention.
- Example 1 The procedure of Example 1 was reproduced with the same type of installation for treating an oven where more stubborn deposits fouled the pipes. A mixture comprising the same granule and 15% by weight of dried washed sand, and calibrated between 0.5 and 1 mm was used.
- the method and installation according to the invention are particularly useful for finding or maintaining in oven installations an efficiency during use and even after a long use equivalent to the start-up efficiency. , that is to say, without waiting for the annual shutdowns of industrial sites for fouling.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Detergent Compositions (AREA)
- Cleaning In General (AREA)
- Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
- Manufacturing Of Micro-Capsules (AREA)
- Cleaning And De-Greasing Of Metallic Materials By Chemical Methods (AREA)
- Pretreatment Of Seeds And Plants (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
Description
La présente invention concerne un procédé de nettoyage de surfaces chaudes de fours, ainsi qu'une installation et des granulés pour sa mise en oeuvre.The present invention relates to a method for cleaning hot surfaces of ovens, as well as an installation and granules for its implementation.
Dans de nombreux domaines de l'industrie, et en particulier de l'industrie pétrochimique, sont utilisés des fours, chaudières, aéroréfrigérants, appelés ci-après "fours" et munis d'échangeurs thermiques présentant des surfaces notamment métalliques et en particulier des faisceaux tubulaires, pour la plupart. Ces échangeurs thermiques présentent souvent des encrassements, en particulier du côté fluide chauffant, sous forme de dépôts dont la composition est variable selon les fluides, (liquides ou gazeux) qui apportent les calories à l'échangeur.In many fields of industry, and in particular of the petrochemical industry, ovens, boilers, air coolers are used, hereinafter called "ovens" and provided with heat exchangers having surfaces in particular metallic and in particular bundles mostly tubular. These heat exchangers often have fouling, in particular on the heating fluid side, in the form of deposits, the composition of which varies according to the fluids (liquid or gaseous) which supply the calories to the exchanger.
Ces dépôts sont responsables de l'encrassement et éventuellement de la corrosion chimique ultérieure des surfaces notamment métalliques des échangeurs thermiques, et en particulier des faisceaux tubulaires.These deposits are responsible for clogging and possibly subsequent chemical corrosion of the surfaces, in particular of metal, of the heat exchangers, and in particular of the tubular bundles.
Il est donc apparu nécessaire de nettoyer les fours pour leur permettre de conserver leurs caractéristiques d'échange thermique, donc leur efficacité et leur rendement, et aussi de diminuer les frais d'entretien ultérieurs résultant d'une dégradation par attaque chimique, et enfin de respecter la réglementation en vigueur sur les rejets dans l'atmosphère des imbrûlés, suies, et de tous les polluants.It therefore appeared necessary to clean the ovens to allow them to retain their heat exchange characteristics, therefore their efficiency and their yield, and also to reduce the subsequent maintenance costs resulting from degradation by chemical attack, and finally to comply with the regulations in force on the discharge of unburnt, soot and all pollutants into the atmosphere.
Il est connu, pour nettoyer des installations de fours et chaudières industrielles, de mettre en oeuvre un procédé de nettoyage dit "en marche". Il consiste à nettoyer les surfaces métalliques en utilisant, dans les zones encrassées, une solution hyper-oxydante qui assure la combustion de tous les imbrûlés contenus dans les dépôts, en utilisant un apport d'eau sous forme liquide ou vapeur sous pression. Cette opération élimine les parties combustibles des suies. Comme tous ces éléments combustibles forment un liant entre les différents dépôts, la croûte qui recouvre les tubes devient ainsi plus friable. A l'aide de lances, on projette alors sur les tubes un jet de vapeur qui élimine les dépôts déjà en partie désagrégés par l'action de l'hyper-oxydant.It is known, for cleaning installations of industrial furnaces and boilers, to implement a so-called "on" cleaning process. It consists of cleaning the metal surfaces using, in the dirty areas, a hyper-oxidizing solution which ensures the combustion of all the unburnt substances contained in the deposits, using a supply of water in liquid form or vapor under pressure. This operation removes the combustible parts of the soot. As all these combustible elements form a binder between the different deposits, the crust which covers the tubes thus becomes more brittle. Using lances, a jet of steam is then sprayed onto the tubes, which removes deposits already partially broken down by the action of the hyper-oxidant.
Cette solution connue sous le nom de "procédé en marche" présente cependant les inconvénients suivants.This solution known as the "process in progress" has the following drawbacks, however.
Il est nécessaire de porter de l'eau à des températures de l'ordre de 80°, ou à l'état de vapeur avant de l'utiliser, car d'une part il serait néfaste au rendement du four d'y introduire des frigories et d'autre part le contact d'un jet d'eau froide sur les tubulures métalliques et/ou sur les supports de ces tubes, c'est-à-dire tout choc thermique serait à proscrire. Enfin, ce traitement se fait en deux étapes successives.It is necessary to bring water to temperatures of the order of 80 °, or to the vapor state before using it, because on the one hand it would be harmful to the efficiency of the oven to introduce frigories and secondly the contact of a cold water jet on the metal pipes and / or on the supports of these tubes, that is to say any thermal shock should be avoided. Finally, this treatment is done in two successive stages.
La présente invention remédie à ces inconvénients, en effet elle concerne un procédé de nettoyage par désintégration des dépôts sur les surfaces de fours en marche, mis en oeuvre à sec. Selon l'invention, on projette sur les surfaces à nettoyer un agent oxydant sous forme particulaire ; l'agent oxydant sec lui-même est projeté dans un flux gazeux sec sous pression. Par "sec" on entend sensiblement exempt d'eau.The present invention overcomes these drawbacks, in fact it relates to a method of cleaning by disintegration of deposits on the surfaces of furnaces in operation, implemented dry. According to the invention, an oxidizing agent in particulate form is sprayed onto the surfaces to be cleaned; the dry oxidizing agent itself is sprayed into a dry gas flow under pressure. By "dry" is meant substantially free of water.
Les inconvénients des procédés connus sont éliminés, et de plus ce traitement en marche à sec ne nécessite pas de précaution particulière, nécessaire au contraire pour l'eau ou la vapeur chaudes, la source d'air comprimé utilisée figurant en général parmi les utilités disponibles sur les sîtes industriels. Cet aspect est particulièrement avantageux dans les raffineries.The disadvantages of the known methods are eliminated, and moreover this treatment in dry running does not require any particular precaution, necessary on the contrary for hot water or steam, the source of compressed air used appearing generally among the utilities available. on industrial sites. This aspect is particularly advantageous in refineries.
Par "fours" selon l'invention, on entend notamment tous les fours et chaudières comportant des surfaces intérieures chaudes notamment métalliques, en particulier des fours en raffinerie, des fours de distillation atmosphérique, de distillation sous vide, de réformeur, du type four cylindrique ou four cabine, ou encore four double comportant deux zones de radiation et une ou plusieurs zones de convection communes, ainsi que les craqueurs et les chaudières à échangeurs.By "ovens" according to the invention is meant in particular all ovens and boilers comprising surfaces hot interiors, notably metallic, in particular refinery ovens, atmospheric distillation, vacuum distillation, reformer ovens, of the cylindrical oven or cabin oven type, or even double oven comprising two radiation zones and one or more convection zones common, as well as crackers and heat exchanger boilers.
Par surface, on entend de façon plus générale toute surface chaude du four encrassée par un dépôt provenant d'un combustible, et notamment les surfaces métalliques.By surface is meant more generally any hot surface of the furnace fouled by a deposit coming from a fuel, and in particular metal surfaces.
Le nettoyage est réalisé en marche, c'est-à-dire sans que les installations soient arrêtées. Les surfaces notamment métalliques sont alors couramment portées à des températures de 200 à 1000°C, les températures étant différentes dans les zones de radiation et dans les zones de convection.The cleaning is carried out on the fly, that is to say without the installations being stopped. Surfaces, particularly metallic ones, are then commonly brought to temperatures of 200 to 1000 ° C., the temperatures being different in the radiation zones and in the convection zones.
Ce nettoyage selon l'invention permet de réaliser en une seule étape la désintégration et l'élimination des dépôts et résulte de la combinaison de deux effets. D'une part, comme les dépôts contiennent des matières combustibles correspondant aux imbrûlés des combustibles généralement utilisés pour le réchauffage, ces dépôts peuvent être éliminés par effet "chimique" ou "thermique" dû à la combustion des dépôts présents sur la surface chaude qui s'enflamment au contact des particules d'agent oxydant, cette combustion entraînant une désintégration des dépôts et brûlant les matières combustibles présentes dans ces dépôts. D'autre part, l'agent oxydant étant sous forme de particulaire, la projection de ces particules a également un effet "mécanique" lié à la vitesse des particules quand elles entrent en contact avec les surfaces à nettoyer. La combinaison de ces deux effets assurent la désintégration et l'élimination des dépôts.This cleaning according to the invention makes it possible to carry out the disintegration and elimination of deposits in a single step and results from the combination of two effects. On the one hand, as the deposits contain combustible materials corresponding to the unburnt fuels generally used for reheating, these deposits can be eliminated by "chemical" or "thermal" effect due to the combustion of the deposits present on the hot surface which s 'ignite on contact with the oxidizing agent particles, this combustion causing disintegration of the deposits and burning the combustible materials present in these deposits. On the other hand, the oxidizing agent being in the form of a particle, the projection of these particles also has a "mechanical" effect linked to the speed of the particles when they come into contact with the surfaces to be cleaned. The combination of these two effects ensures the disintegration and elimination of deposits.
Pour que l'effet chimique et thermique soit atteint, il est souhaitable d'utiliser un agent oxydant choisi parmi des composés et compositions chimiques fortement oxydantes et facilement disponibles.For the chemical and thermal effect to be achieved, it is desirable to use a selected oxidizing agent among compounds and chemical compositions highly oxidizing and readily available.
Il est possible d'utiliser les oxydes, peroxydes et persels du chrome, du manganèse, du chlore, du soufre, de l'azote ou du bore tels que les chromates, bichromates, permanganates, chlorates, nitrates, nitrites ou borates des métaux alcalins, alcalino-terreux, ou de l'ammonium, ou leurs mélanges.It is possible to use the oxides, peroxides and persalts of chromium, manganese, chlorine, sulfur, nitrogen or boron such as chromates, dichromates, permanganates, chlorates, nitrates, nitrites or borates of alkali metals. , alkaline earth, or ammonium, or mixtures thereof.
Pour que l'effet mécanique soit également atteint, il est apparu préférable que l'agent oxydant selon l'invention soit sous la forme de granulés. De préférence la granulométrie est comprise entre 0,5 et 2,5 mm et en particulier entre 1 et 2 mm. Plus particulièrement, une granulométrie de 1,5 mm environ pour des granulés de nitrate d'ammonium s'est montrée particulièrement efficace.So that the mechanical effect is also achieved, it has appeared preferable that the oxidizing agent according to the invention is in the form of granules. Preferably, the particle size is between 0.5 and 2.5 mm and in particular between 1 and 2 mm. More particularly, a particle size of approximately 1.5 mm for ammonium nitrate granules has been shown to be particularly effective.
Eventuellement, et en particulier dans le cas de forts encrassements des surfaces, on peut faire précéder la mise en oeuvre du procédé selon l'invention par un soufflage à l'air pour éliminer les particules non adhérentes à la surface à nettoyer.Optionally, and in particular in the case of strong fouling of the surfaces, it is possible to precede the implementation of the method according to the invention by air blowing to remove the particles not adhering to the surface to be cleaned.
Eventuellement, et de préférence en cas de dépôts importants et durs, on peut amplifier l'effet mécanique dû à la projection des granulés selon l'invention en projetant simultanément un matériau particulaire dur. A cet effet, on peut employer par exemple du sable. La granulométrie du sable est alors choisie entre 0,5 et 2 mm.Optionally, and preferably in the event of large and hard deposits, the mechanical effect due to the projection of the granules according to the invention can be amplified by simultaneously projecting a hard particulate material. Sand can be used for this purpose, for example. The grain size of the sand is then chosen between 0.5 and 2 mm.
Lorsqu'on emploie un mélange d'agent oxydant et de matériau particulaire, on peut employer, selon le degré d'encrassement des surfaces à traiter, du sable de nettoyage dans une proportion allant jusqu'à 20% en poids.When using a mixture of oxidizing agent and particulate material, depending on the degree of fouling of the surfaces to be treated, cleaning sand can be used in a proportion of up to 20% by weight.
Lorsqu'on emploie le ou les agents oxydants sous forme de granulés, la densité sous forme de granulés en vrac est par exemple comprise entre environ 0,5.10³kg.m⁻³ et 1,5.10³kg.m⁻³.When the oxidizing agent (s) are used in the form of granules, the density in the form of loose granules is for example between approximately 0.5 × 10³ kg.m⁻³ and 1.5.10³kg.m⁻³.
Le flux gazeux sec entraînant les particules au contact des surfaces à nettoyer doit avoir selon l'invention une vitesse suffisante pour entraîner les particules et leur permettre de compléter l'effet chimique et thermique de combustion locale par l'effet mécanique d'attaque des dépôts.The dry gas flow entraining the particles in contact with the surfaces to be cleaned must have, according to the invention, a speed sufficient to entrain the particles and allow them to complete the chemical and thermal effect of local combustion by the mechanical effect of attack on the deposits. .
Cet effet mécanique est atteint en particulier lorsque la vitesse des particules d'agent oxydant, et éventuellement du matériau particulaire dur, est comprise entre 100 et 250 m.s⁻¹. Une vitesse de 130 à 200 m.s⁻¹ s'est montrée particulièrement efficace.This mechanical effect is achieved in particular when the speed of the particles of oxidizing agent, and possibly of the hard particulate material, is between 100 and 250 m.s⁻¹. A speed of 130 to 200 m.s⁻¹ proved to be particularly effective.
La présente invention concerne également une installation pour le nettoyage par désintégration des dépôts sur les surfaces chaudes des fours par projection d'un agent oxydant sous forme particulaire sur ces surfaces dans un flux gazeux sec sous pression. Les installations selon l'invention comportent une tuyauterie de transport du flux gazeux sec reliée à l'une de ses extrémités à une source de gaz sec sous pression, et à l'autre extrémité à un moyen lie projection du mélange gaz-particules du type buse.The present invention also relates to an installation for cleaning by disintegration of deposits on the hot surfaces of ovens by spraying an oxidizing agent in particulate form on these surfaces in a dry gas flow under pressure. The installations according to the invention include a piping for transporting the dry gas flow connected at one end to a source of dry gas under pressure, and at the other end to a means for spraying the gas-particle mixture of the type nozzle.
Comme gaz sec sous pression, on peut utiliser de l'air comprimé ou tout autre gaz ou mélange gazeux adapté aux conditions de sécurité et/ou à l'effet chimique recherché.As dry gas under pressure, it is possible to use compressed air or any other gas or gas mixture adapted to the safety conditions and / or to the desired chemical effect.
Cette installation comporte en outre un réservoir à particules muni d'un moyen de dosage des particules. Ce moyen de dosage débouche dans la tuyauterie de transfert et à cet effet, entre ses deux extrémités, la tuyauterie de transfert est munie d'un raccord avec le moyen de dosage du réservoir.This installation also comprises a particle tank provided with a means for dosing the particles. This metering means opens into the transfer piping and for this purpose, between its two ends, the transfer piping is provided with a connection with the metering means of the reservoir.
En outre, entre ce raccord et son extrémité portant par exemple cette buse, la tuyauterie est au moins en partie souple.In addition, between this connection and its end carrying for example this nozzle, the piping is at least in flexible part.
Dans un mode particulier de réalisation, le réservoir à particules est sous pression, et muni d'un moyen de dosage par gravité, la pression dans la tuyauterie de transfert et la pression régnant dans le réservoir étant compatibles avec l'usage d'une vanne mécanique permettant la régulation mécanique du dosage par gravité. Ces pressions peuvent être par exemple sensiblement équilibrées.In a particular embodiment, the particle tank is pressurized, and provided with a gravity metering means, the pressure in the transfer piping and the pressure prevailing in the tank being compatible with the use of a valve. mechanical allowing the mechanical regulation of the dosing by gravity. These pressures can for example be substantially balanced.
Bien que d'autres pressions soient envisageables, en particulier pour d'autres diamètres de tuyauterie et de buse et d'autres débits, des pressions de l'ordre de 5.10⁵ à 10.10⁵ Pa pour le gaz comprimé sont préférées ; le diamètre intérieur de la tuyauterie est de l'ordre de 25 à 50 mm ; et le moyen de projection du mélange gaz-particules du type buse, et de préférence du type Venturi, peut avoir un diamètre intérieur de l'ouverture de sortie de l'ordre de 9,5 à 11 mm, et une longueur de 150 à 200 mm.Although other pressures can be envisaged, in particular for other pipe and nozzle diameters and other flow rates, pressures of the order of 5.10⁵ to 10.10⁵ Pa for the compressed gas are preferred; the internal diameter of the piping is of the order of 25 to 50 mm; and the means for projecting the gas-particle mixture of the nozzle type, and preferably of the Venturi type, may have an internal diameter of the outlet opening of the order of 9.5 to 11 mm, and a length of 150 to 200 mm.
Il apparaît clairement que la pression, la vitesse, les diamètres intérieurs de la tuyauterie et de la buse, ainsi que la longueur de la buse peuvent varier dans de larges mesures, pour obtenir les vitesses de projection efficaces selon l'invention. Ces vitesses peuvent elles-mêmes varier selon la nature des dépôts à éliminer, la granulométrie et la nature de l'agent oxydant, et la granulométrie et la nature du matériau particulaire dur éventuellement associés.It is clear that the pressure, the speed, the internal diameters of the piping and of the nozzle, as well as the length of the nozzle can vary within wide limits, in order to obtain the effective spraying speeds according to the invention. These speeds may themselves vary according to the nature of the deposits to be removed, the particle size and the nature of the oxidizing agent, and the particle size and the nature of the hard particulate material possibly associated.
Entre le raccord reliant la tuyauterie de transfert au moyen de dosage en particules et l'extrémité de sortie de la buse, la tuyauterie comporte au moins une partie souple. En effet, cette installation, propre à la mise en oeuvre du procédé, est destinée à être actionnée par un homme qui dirige la buse et le jet émis par la buse vers les dépôts dans le four. A cet effet, le moyen de projection peut être fixé sur une lance, que l'homme dirige vers les surfaces à nettoyer, à partir de toutes les ouvertures et/ou regards du four en marche. Il peut s'agir des regards se trouvant en périphérie du four, de la porte de visite, des regards de sol, et même des trappes d'explosion.Between the connection connecting the transfer piping by means of particle dosing and the outlet end of the nozzle, the piping comprises at least one flexible part. Indeed, this installation, specific to the implementation of the method, is intended to be actuated by a man who directs the nozzle and the jet emitted by the nozzle towards the deposits in the furnace. To this end, the means of projection can be fixed on a lance, which the man directs towards the surfaces to be cleaned, from all openings and / or manholes of the oven in operation. These can be the manholes on the periphery of the oven, the access door, the manholes, and even the explosion hatches.
Comme tuyaux souples, on utilise de préférence des tuyaux à armature tissée double.As flexible hoses, it is preferable to use hoses with double woven reinforcement.
Dans un mode particulier de réalisation de l'invention, ces tuyaux souples sont choisis en matériau conducteur du courant électrique, ce qui permet d'éviter les phénomènes de courant statique, et donc les risques d'étincelle et d'explosion. Ce mode particulier est très utile dans les raffineries. L'installation elle-même est alors reliée à la masse.In a particular embodiment of the invention, these flexible pipes are chosen from a material which conducts electric current, which makes it possible to avoid the phenomena of static current, and therefore the risks of sparks and of explosion. This particular mode is very useful in refineries. The installation itself is then connected to ground.
La présente invention concerne également des granulés comprenant au moins un agent oxydant pour leur application à la mise en oeuvre du procédé selon l'invention, dont la granulométrie est comprise entre 0,5 et 2,5 mm, de préférence 1 à 2 mm.The present invention also relates to granules comprising at least one oxidizing agent for their application to the implementation of the method according to the invention, the particle size of which is between 0.5 and 2.5 mm, preferably 1 to 2 mm.
L'agent oxydant peut être choisi parmi les oxydes, peroxydes et persels du chrome, du manganèse, du chlore, du soufre, de l'azote ou du bore tels que les chromates, bichromates, permanganates, chlorates, nitrates, nitrites ou borates des métaux alcalins, alcalino-terreux, ou de l'ammonium ou leurs mélanges.The oxidizing agent can be chosen from the oxides, peroxides and persalts of chromium, manganese, chlorine, sulfur, nitrogen or boron such as chromates, dichromates, permanganates, chlorates, nitrates, nitrites or borates of alkali, alkaline earth, or ammonium or mixtures thereof.
Dans un mode particulier de réalisation, l'agent oxydant constituant les granulés est du nitrate d'ammonium.In a particular embodiment, the oxidizing agent constituting the granules is ammonium nitrate.
D'autres caractéristiques et avantages de l'invention apparaîtront à la lecture des exemples ci-après :Other characteristics and advantages of the invention will appear on reading the examples below:
Le procédé selon l'invention a été mis en oeuvre dans un four cylindrique d'une unité d'hydrocraquage d'une raffinerie de pétrole. Il s'agit d'un four fonctionnant avec une charge constante.The method according to the invention was implemented in a cylindrical furnace of a hydrocracking unit of a oil refinery. It is an oven operating with a constant load.
On a utlisé une qualité de produit et une température d'entrée au four, toujours identiques. De ce fait, les gains sur le rendement de l'unité sont plus facilement calculables.We used a product quality and an oven entry temperature, always identical. As a result, gains in unit efficiency are more easily calculated.
L'agent oxydant utilisé est du nitrate d'ammonium de granulométrie homogène de 1,5 mm environ, la densité du composé sous forme de granulés en vrac étant de 1.10³kg.m⁻³.The oxidizing agent used is ammonium nitrate with a uniform particle size of approximately 1.5 mm, the density of the compound in the form of loose granules being 1.10³kg.m⁻³.
L'installation est constituée d'un compresseur, d'un appareil sous pression du type "sableuse", de tuyauterie souple, et d'une buse de projection, qui présentent les caractéristiques suivantes :
Compresseur à air : puissance 60 à 90 CV (1 CV = 0,735 KW)
pression : 7 bars
débit : 5 à 8 m³.mn⁻¹.The installation consists of a compressor, a pressure device of the "sandblasting" type, flexible piping, and a spray nozzle, which have the following characteristics:
Air compressor : power 60 to 90 CV (1 CV = 0.735 KW)
pressure: 7 bars
flow rate: 5 to 8 m³.mn⁻¹.
Cet appareil du type "sableuse sous pression" est relié au compresseur. Il reçoit le granulé et l'achemine jusqu'à l'orifice de sortie dans un flux gazeux sec à la vitesse nécessaire à la projection en sortie de buse. Cet appareil fonctionne, sous pression, suivant le principe de la gravité en ce qui concerne le passage des particules ou granulés du réservoir vers la tuyauterie servant au transfert. La pression régnant dans le réservoir de particules est environ égale à la pression de l'air comprimé provenant du compresseur par la tuyauterie de transfert, qui est la pression régnant en dessous des granulés ou particules. Le granulé est entraîné par le flux gazeux d'air comprimé et pénêtre dans la tuyauterie de transfert par l'intermédiaire d'un moyen de dosage qui permet de régler avec exactitude la quantité de granulé introduite. Cette régulation est effectuée à l'aide d'une vanne de dosage à régulation mécanique.This "pressure sandblaster" type device is connected to the compressor. It receives the granulate and routes it to the outlet in a dry gas flow at the speed necessary for spraying at the nozzle outlet. This device operates under pressure, according to the principle of gravity with regard to the passage of particles or granules from the tank to the piping used for transfer. The pressure prevailing in the particle tank is approximately equal to the pressure of the compressed air coming from the compressor through the transfer piping, which is the pressure prevailing below the granules or particles. The granulate is entrained by the gaseous flow of compressed air and enters the transfer piping via a metering means which allows the quantity of granule to be adjusted precisely. introduced. This regulation is carried out using a metering valve with mechanical regulation.
Les tuyaux sont souples avec une armature tissée double ; ils sont conducteurs du courant électrique. Le diamètre intérieur du tuyau est de 32 mm.The pipes are flexible with a double woven frame; they conduct electrical current. The internal diameter of the pipe is 32 mm.
La buse utilisée est du type Venturi et on a utilisé des buses ayant une ouverture de sortie de 9,5 mm et des longueurs de 150 mm. La vitesse de sortie des granulés était alors comprise entre 130 et 200 m.s⁻¹. Le tableau ci-après présente les résultats obtenus par la mise en oeuvre du procédé décrit ci-dessus (T/J = tonne par jour) :
Le rendement global de l'échange thermique : chaleur absorbée par rapport à chaleur fournie a été augmenté de 5,1%.The overall efficiency of the heat exchange: heat absorbed compared to heat supplied was increased by 5.1% .
Il apparaît clairement que d'autres compresseurs pourraient être utilisés, en particulier des compresseurs pouvant développer une puissance comprise entre environ 50 et 150 CV, et pouvant fournir une pression comprise entre 4.10⁵ et 10.10⁵ Pa, ces valeurs étant données à titre indicatif. Le choix de la buse de projection doit également tenir compte du type d'intervention.It is clear that other compressors could be used, in particular compressors which can develop a power of between approximately 50 and 150 CV, and which can provide a pressure of between 4.10⁵ and 10.10⁵ Pa, these values being given for information only. The choice of the projection nozzle must also take into account the type of intervention.
La procédure de l'exemple 1 a été reproduite avec le même genre d'installation pour traiter un four où des dépôts plus tenaces encrassaient des tuyauteries. Un mélange comportant le même granulé et 15% en poids de sable lavé séché, et calibré entre 0,5 et 1 mm a été utilisé.The procedure of Example 1 was reproduced with the same type of installation for treating an oven where more stubborn deposits fouled the pipes. A mixture comprising the same granule and 15% by weight of dried washed sand, and calibrated between 0.5 and 1 mm was used.
Des résultats du même ordre ont été enregistrés.Similar results have been recorded.
Comme cela apparaît dans les exemples précédents, les procédé et installation selon l'invention sont particulièrement utiles pour retrouver ou maintenir dans les installations de fours une efficacité en cours d'utilisation et même après une longue utilisation équivalente à l'efficacité de mise en route, c'est-à-dire sans attendre pour le désencrassement les arrêts annuels des sîtes industriels.As shown in the previous examples, the method and installation according to the invention are particularly useful for finding or maintaining in oven installations an efficiency during use and even after a long use equivalent to the start-up efficiency. , that is to say, without waiting for the annual shutdowns of industrial sites for fouling.
Claims (17)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR8910244 | 1989-07-28 | ||
| FR8910244A FR2650384B1 (en) | 1989-07-28 | 1989-07-28 | PROCESS FOR CLEANING HOT OVEN SURFACES, AS WELL AS A PLANT AND GRANULES FOR IMPLEMENTING SAME |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0410867A1 true EP0410867A1 (en) | 1991-01-30 |
| EP0410867B1 EP0410867B1 (en) | 1994-07-06 |
Family
ID=9384279
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP90402118A Expired - Lifetime EP0410867B1 (en) | 1989-07-28 | 1990-07-24 | Process for cleaning hot surfaces of ovens as well as installation and granules for carrying it out |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0410867B1 (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE108199T1 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE69010418T2 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES2056408T3 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2650384B1 (en) |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ES2088725A2 (en) * | 1992-07-31 | 1996-08-16 | Fosbel Int Ltd | Surface treatment of refractories |
| WO2000047938A1 (en) * | 1999-02-12 | 2000-08-17 | Cetek Limited | Cleaning using welding lances and blasting media |
| EP1528318A1 (en) * | 2003-10-30 | 2005-05-04 | Ctp Environnement | Method of cleaning heat exchange surfaces in operating furnaces |
| WO2007006293A1 (en) | 2005-07-12 | 2007-01-18 | Bruendermann Georg | Method for cleaning furnaces of power plants |
| WO2008003851A2 (en) * | 2006-07-03 | 2008-01-10 | Dyanergie | Method and device for cleaning the water trickling surfaces in an air/water heat exchanger |
| RU2714424C1 (en) * | 2019-07-17 | 2020-02-14 | Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "Сентро Восточная Европа" | Method of cleaning external surface of tubular coils inside heating equipment |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR1017126A (en) * | 1950-05-05 | 1952-12-02 | Apparatus intended for cleaning and removing deposits in heat exchangers and similar devices, in particular in recuperators of martin-siemens ovens | |
| DD34918A3 (en) * | 1962-03-19 | 1965-01-05 | Hans Schönfelder | Method for cleaning sealing surfaces on coconut stoves, in particular the door frames, doors, filling and leveling openings |
| GB1249371A (en) * | 1968-01-19 | 1971-10-13 | Bejs I Vaesteras Ab | A method for chemically cleaning surfaces coated with soot in boilers |
| GB1378882A (en) * | 1972-05-16 | 1974-12-27 | Polar Chemicals Ltd | Method for the removal of soot and other deposits formed as a result of the combustion of gaseous liquid and solid fuels |
-
1989
- 1989-07-28 FR FR8910244A patent/FR2650384B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1990
- 1990-07-24 AT AT90402118T patent/ATE108199T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1990-07-24 EP EP90402118A patent/EP0410867B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1990-07-24 DE DE69010418T patent/DE69010418T2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1990-07-24 ES ES90402118T patent/ES2056408T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR1017126A (en) * | 1950-05-05 | 1952-12-02 | Apparatus intended for cleaning and removing deposits in heat exchangers and similar devices, in particular in recuperators of martin-siemens ovens | |
| DD34918A3 (en) * | 1962-03-19 | 1965-01-05 | Hans Schönfelder | Method for cleaning sealing surfaces on coconut stoves, in particular the door frames, doors, filling and leveling openings |
| GB1249371A (en) * | 1968-01-19 | 1971-10-13 | Bejs I Vaesteras Ab | A method for chemically cleaning surfaces coated with soot in boilers |
| GB1378882A (en) * | 1972-05-16 | 1974-12-27 | Polar Chemicals Ltd | Method for the removal of soot and other deposits formed as a result of the combustion of gaseous liquid and solid fuels |
Cited By (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ES2088725A2 (en) * | 1992-07-31 | 1996-08-16 | Fosbel Int Ltd | Surface treatment of refractories |
| WO2000047938A1 (en) * | 1999-02-12 | 2000-08-17 | Cetek Limited | Cleaning using welding lances and blasting media |
| AU768195B2 (en) * | 1999-02-12 | 2003-12-04 | Fosbel Intellectual Limited | Cleaning using welding lances and blasting media |
| EP1528318A1 (en) * | 2003-10-30 | 2005-05-04 | Ctp Environnement | Method of cleaning heat exchange surfaces in operating furnaces |
| WO2005045315A1 (en) * | 2003-10-30 | 2005-05-19 | Ctp Environnement | Method of cleaning the heat exchange surfaces of an operating furnace |
| WO2007006293A1 (en) | 2005-07-12 | 2007-01-18 | Bruendermann Georg | Method for cleaning furnaces of power plants |
| WO2008003851A2 (en) * | 2006-07-03 | 2008-01-10 | Dyanergie | Method and device for cleaning the water trickling surfaces in an air/water heat exchanger |
| WO2008003851A3 (en) * | 2006-07-03 | 2008-04-03 | Rech S De L Ecole Nationale Su | Method and device for cleaning the water trickling surfaces in an air/water heat exchanger |
| US20110232695A1 (en) * | 2006-07-03 | 2011-09-29 | Gomez Remi | Method and device for cleaning the water-trickling surfaces in an air/water heat exchanger |
| CN101484772B (en) * | 2006-07-03 | 2011-10-05 | 戴安讷杰公司 | Method and device for cleaning the water trickling surfaces in an air/water heat exchanger |
| US8393051B2 (en) | 2006-07-03 | 2013-03-12 | Dyanergie | Method and device for cleaning the water trickling surfaces in an air/water heat exchanger |
| RU2714424C1 (en) * | 2019-07-17 | 2020-02-14 | Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "Сентро Восточная Европа" | Method of cleaning external surface of tubular coils inside heating equipment |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE69010418D1 (en) | 1994-08-11 |
| DE69010418T2 (en) | 1994-11-03 |
| ATE108199T1 (en) | 1994-07-15 |
| FR2650384B1 (en) | 1994-07-22 |
| ES2056408T3 (en) | 1994-10-01 |
| FR2650384A1 (en) | 1991-02-01 |
| EP0410867B1 (en) | 1994-07-06 |
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