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EP0389502A1 - Device and process for cooling an engine. - Google Patents

Device and process for cooling an engine.

Info

Publication number
EP0389502A1
EP0389502A1 EP19880909289 EP88909289A EP0389502A1 EP 0389502 A1 EP0389502 A1 EP 0389502A1 EP 19880909289 EP19880909289 EP 19880909289 EP 88909289 A EP88909289 A EP 88909289A EP 0389502 A1 EP0389502 A1 EP 0389502A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
coolant
switching device
engine
sensor
pump
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP19880909289
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0389502B1 (en
Inventor
Peter Nolting
Wolfgang Scheidel
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch GmbH filed Critical Robert Bosch GmbH
Priority to AT88909289T priority Critical patent/ATE86361T1/en
Publication of EP0389502A1 publication Critical patent/EP0389502A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0389502B1 publication Critical patent/EP0389502B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01P7/00—Controlling of coolant flow
    • F01P7/14—Controlling of coolant flow the coolant being liquid
    • F01P7/16—Controlling of coolant flow the coolant being liquid by thermostatic control
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01P5/00—Pumping cooling-air or liquid coolants
    • F01P5/10—Pumping liquid coolant; Arrangements of coolant pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01P7/00—Controlling of coolant flow
    • F01P7/02—Controlling of coolant flow the coolant being cooling-air
    • F01P7/026—Thermostatic control
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01P7/00—Controlling of coolant flow
    • F01P7/14—Controlling of coolant flow the coolant being liquid
    • F01P7/16—Controlling of coolant flow the coolant being liquid by thermostatic control
    • F01P7/164—Controlling of coolant flow the coolant being liquid by thermostatic control by varying pump speed
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01P7/00—Controlling of coolant flow
    • F01P7/14—Controlling of coolant flow the coolant being liquid
    • F01P7/16—Controlling of coolant flow the coolant being liquid by thermostatic control
    • F01P7/167—Controlling of coolant flow the coolant being liquid by thermostatic control by adjusting the pre-set temperature according to engine parameters, e.g. engine load, engine speed
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01P5/00—Pumping cooling-air or liquid coolants
    • F01P5/10—Pumping liquid coolant; Arrangements of coolant pumps
    • F01P2005/105—Using two or more pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01P5/00—Pumping cooling-air or liquid coolants
    • F01P5/10—Pumping liquid coolant; Arrangements of coolant pumps
    • F01P5/12—Pump-driving arrangements
    • F01P2005/125—Driving auxiliary pumps electrically
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01P7/00—Controlling of coolant flow
    • F01P7/14—Controlling of coolant flow the coolant being liquid
    • F01P2007/143—Controlling of coolant flow the coolant being liquid using restrictions
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01P7/00—Controlling of coolant flow
    • F01P7/14—Controlling of coolant flow the coolant being liquid
    • F01P2007/146—Controlling of coolant flow the coolant being liquid using valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01P2023/00—Signal processing; Details thereof
    • F01P2023/08—Microprocessor; Microcomputer
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01P2025/00—Measuring
    • F01P2025/04—Pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01P2025/00—Measuring
    • F01P2025/08—Temperature
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01P2025/00—Measuring
    • F01P2025/08—Temperature
    • F01P2025/12—Cabin temperature
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01P2025/00—Measuring
    • F01P2025/08—Temperature
    • F01P2025/13—Ambient temperature
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01P2025/00—Measuring
    • F01P2025/08—Temperature
    • F01P2025/32—Engine outcoming fluid temperature
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01P2025/00—Measuring
    • F01P2025/08—Temperature
    • F01P2025/46—Engine parts temperature
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01P2025/00—Measuring
    • F01P2025/08—Temperature
    • F01P2025/48—Engine room temperature
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01P2025/00—Measuring
    • F01P2025/60—Operating parameters
    • F01P2025/64—Number of revolutions
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01P2025/00—Measuring
    • F01P2025/60—Operating parameters
    • F01P2025/66—Vehicle speed
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01P2031/00—Fail safe
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01P2031/00—Fail safe
    • F01P2031/20—Warning devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01P2031/00—Fail safe
    • F01P2031/34—Limping home
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01P2060/00—Cooling circuits using auxiliaries
    • F01P2060/08—Cabin heater
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01P7/00—Controlling of coolant flow
    • F01P7/02—Controlling of coolant flow the coolant being cooling-air
    • F01P7/04—Controlling of coolant flow the coolant being cooling-air by varying pump speed, e.g. by changing pump-drive gear ratio
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01P7/00—Controlling of coolant flow
    • F01P7/02—Controlling of coolant flow the coolant being cooling-air
    • F01P7/10—Controlling of coolant flow the coolant being cooling-air by throttling amount of air flowing through liquid-to-air heat exchangers
    • F01P7/12—Controlling of coolant flow the coolant being cooling-air by throttling amount of air flowing through liquid-to-air heat exchangers by thermostatic control

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device and a method for engine cooling according to the preamble of the main claim.
  • a vehicle engine cooling system developed for a test vehicle is known from automotive engineering journal 87 (1985), number 12, pp. 638-639.
  • the use of an electrically driven water pump is provided, by means of which the cooling water flow is adapted to the needs, e.g. the increased need at higher speeds or when the engine is switched off at higher speeds.
  • the device for engine cooling according to the invention has the advantage over the prior art that a mechanical coolant pump driven by the engine to be cooled and an electrically driven coolant pump are provided, the delivery rate of which is controlled as a function of measured values.
  • the mechanical pump takes on a basic load, while the delivery rate of the electric pump can be adapted to the required cooling capacity.
  • the inventions increase device according to the operational reliability of the engine cooling. In the event of a pump failure, limited engine operation or at least emergency operation is guaranteed.
  • the electronic switching device that controls the electric pump and the other components for the blinds, blowers and mixing valves receives additional information such as engine operating temperature, engine compartment temperature, temperatures of engine parts, ambient temperature, engine speed, driving speed and a pressure signal from the coolant. With this information, the delivery capacity of the electric pump can be precisely adjusted to the required cooling capacity.
  • a second coolant circuit with a heat exchanger is provided. If the motor to be cooled is arranged as a drive motor in a motor vehicle, the waste heat from the exchanger is used to heat the motor vehicle interior. According to the invention it is provided that the control of this circuit is also carried out by the electronic switching device, the heating circuit also contributing in a known manner to the cooling of the engine in summer by closing off the heating ducts leading into the interior and simultaneously opening air ducts opening outdoors. The circle takes on cooling peaks, for example.
  • the second coolant circuit is designed as an independent cooling circuit with its own coolant pump.
  • This configuration enables a further improvement in the cooling capacity control.
  • the method according to the invention for operating the device has the advantage that the delivery rate of the electric pump is not only dependent on the coolant temperature, but also as a function of at least one further operating parameter.
  • Figures 1 and 2 show a first and a second embodiment of an inventive device for engine cooling.
  • FIG. 1 shows an engine 10 to be cooled with a first and second coolant circuit connection 11, 12.
  • the coolant emerges from the engine 10 at the first connection 11 and returns to the engine 10 at the second connection 12.
  • the flow direction of the coolant is indicated by arrows 13, 14.
  • the coolant circuit contains a first coolant path 15, in the course of which a first heat exchanger 16 that can be operated as a cooler is arranged.
  • the first coolant path 15 can be bridged with a second coolant path 17 connected as a bypass.
  • a first controllable valve 18 takes over the coolant distribution in the first and second paths 15, 17.
  • the valve 18 can be a valve controlled by the coolant temperature. It is preferably designed as an electrically controllable valve.
  • the valve 18 works either continuously or in clocked operation. In clocked operation, the coolant flow to the first or second coolant path 15, 17 is either completely released or completely blocked.
  • the clocked operation is particularly suitable for an electrically controlled valve 18.
  • a third coolant path 19 is provided, in the course of which a second heat exchanger 20 is arranged.
  • the third coolant path 19 can be connected to the bypass 17 via a controllable valve 21.
  • a controllable valve 21 instead of connecting the third coolant path 19 to the bypass 17, its design as a further bypass to the first coolant path 15 can also be provided.
  • The, preferably electrically controllable valve 21 works either continuously or in clocked operation.
  • a coolant pump 22 arranged in the coolant circuit and driven by the engine 10 takes care of the coolant transport.
  • the pump 22 is referred to below as a mechanical pump 22.
  • a further coolant pump 23 is connected in series with the mechanical pump 22 and its delivery rate can be adjusted electrically.
  • the further coolant pump 23 is referred to below as an electrical pump 23.
  • an electronic switching device 24 which has operating parameters as input signals of the motor 10 and the cooling circuit are supplied. Specifically, these are the engine speed detected by a speed sensor 25, the engine temperature detected by at least one engine temperature sensor 26, the coolant temperature detected by a coolant temperature sensor 27, the pressure of the coolant in the cooling circuit detected by a pressure sensor 28, and the air temperature immediately detected by an engine compartment temperature sensor 29 Environment of the engine 10, the temperature detected by at least one engine part temperature sensor 30 and the temperature of the air in the wider environment (outside temperature) of the engine 10 by an ambient air temperature sensor 31.
  • the electronic switching device 24 receives further input signals such as the driving speed detected by a speed sensor 32, the signal emitted by a heating and ventilation controller 33 for specifying at least one target temperature in the vehicle interior, and that Signal delivered by at least one hot air temperature sensor 34 supplied.
  • the electronic switching device 24 first outputs an output signal to the electric pump 23. Additional output signals are optionally output to the valves 18, 21, provided the two valves 18, 21 can be controlled electrically. Furthermore, output signals are output to an actuating device 35, which actuates an adjustable blind 36 arranged in front of the first heat exchanger 16 used as a cooler, to at least one fan motor 37, 38 arranged in each of the two heat exchangers 16, 20 and to an actuating device 39 actuating an air flap 41 , which is arranged in an air duct 40 leading away from the second heat exchanger 20 and which opens the air path either to a heating air duct 42 or to an exhaust air duct 43 which opens out in the open.
  • an actuating device 35 which actuates an adjustable blind 36 arranged in front of the first heat exchanger 16 used as a cooler, to at least one fan motor 37, 38 arranged in each of the two heat exchangers 16, 20 and to an actuating device 39 actuating an air flap 41 , which is arranged in an air duct 40 leading away
  • the electronic switching device 24 also outputs an overtemperature warning signal or a signal that indicates a failure of a coolant pump 22, 23 to a device 44.
  • the device 44 is, for example, a signal lamp on the dashboard of the motor vehicle or part of an engine control. The engine power is throttled after a fault occurs.
  • the device according to the invention according to FIG. 1 works as follows:
  • the mechanical pump 22 begins to deliver the coolant.
  • the delivery rate of the mechanical pump 22 depends on the speed of the motor 10 and is set to a value which is insufficient for the required coolant delivery rate.
  • the coolant flows back from the first cooling circuit connection 11 via the bypass 17 and the mechanical pump 22 to the second cooling circuit connection 12. This small circuit requires almost no cooling power, so that the engine 10 quickly reaches the operating temperature at which it has the maximum efficiency.
  • the controllable valve 18 opens, depending on the mode of operation, either partially or completely, the first coolant path 15 with the first heat exchanger 16, which is operated as a cooler the adjusting device 35 opens the previously closed blind 36 so that an increased flow of cooling air is passed over the cooler 16. If necessary, the blower motor 37 is switched on to further support the heat dissipation from the cooler 16. Adaptation of the cooling capacity to the cooling capacity requirement is achieved with the electric pump 23 by changing the coolant flow. The adaptation to the cooling power requirement is not only dependent on the coolant temperature recorded by the coolant temperature sensor 27 structure, but as a function of other signals.
  • the electronic switching device 24 uses as input signals the operating temperature of the motor 10, the air temperature in the immediate vicinity of the motor 10, the ambient temperature (outside temperature) which can be measured further away from the motor 10, the temperature of motor parts and the speed of the motor.
  • the electronic control unit 24 also receives information about the driving speed.
  • the information about, for example, the engine temperature or the temperature of certain engine parts makes it possible to increase the cooling output before a significant rise in the coolant temperature can be determined by the coolant temperature sensor 27.
  • the inclusion of the speed for cooling capacity control has the advantage that the coolant flow can be increased with the electric pump 23 before local heating occurs in the engine.
  • the measurement of the driving speed has an influence in particular on the actuation of the blind 36 and the fan 37. At higher driving speeds, it would be inappropriate, for example, to keep the blind 36 closed and to switch on the fan 37. Such inappropriate operating states can be identified and avoided with the electronic switching device 24.
  • a further possibility of dissipating heat from the cooling circuit is through the release of the third coolant path 19.
  • the controllable valve 18 is either continuously adjusted or clocked Operation controlled in such a way that at least part of the coolant flow flows from the first cooling circuit connection 11 via the third coolant path 19 and the second heat exchanger 20 back to the second cooling circuit connection 12.
  • the air heated at the second heat exchanger 20 is passed on through the channel 40 and through the channels 42, 43.
  • the heating air duct 42 opens into the vehicle interior.
  • the heating air temperature sensor 34 in conjunction with the electronic switching device 24 and with further temperature sensors (not shown) in the heating system and in the motor vehicle interior, ensures that a target temperature is maintained in the interior.
  • the exhaust air duct 43 which opens outdoors, permits the use of the second heat exchanger 20 as a cooler even at high outside temperatures. In this operating case, the actuating device 39 completely closes the heating air duct 42 with the air flap 41.
  • the valve 18 can completely block the coolant flow through the first coolant path 15. This operating state occurs in vehicle heating in winter. With the help of the electronic switching device 24 it can be determined that the coolant flow through the third coolant path 19 remains blocked during the warm-up phase of the engine 10 and is only opened when a minimum temperature is present. No heating energy is then available during the start-up phase. This operation can either be activated via the temperature controller 33 or is already predetermined in the electronic switching device 24. The heat output via the second heat exchanger 20 can be changed with the blower motor 38 if necessary.
  • the detection of the coolant pressure with the aid of the pressure sensor 28, in conjunction with the coolant temperature, enables a correlation to be used to make a statement about the coolant state (risk of vapor formation).
  • FIG. 2 shows a further advantageous embodiment of the device according to the invention. Those parts of FIG. 2 which correspond to those in FIG. 1 are provided with the same reference numbers.
  • the third coolant path 19 shown in Figure 1 and that in Bypass 17 arranged valve 21 are no longer present in the device according to Figure 2.
  • the second heat exchanger 20 is arranged in a separate coolant circuit.
  • the engine 10 therefore has a third coolant connection 50 and a fourth coolant connection 51.
  • the coolant flows from the third coolant connection 50 to the fourth coolant connection 51.
  • the direction of flow is indicated by arrows 52, 53.
  • the coolant is circulated with a third coolant pump 54, the delivery rate of which can preferably be predetermined with an electrical signal.
  • the second cooling circuit with the second heat exchanger 20 is used for vehicle heating or for heat dissipation of peak power for which the first cooling circuit is not designed.
  • the coolant temperature is first reached quickly and precisely.
  • the motor 10 is thereby kept in a temperature range with maximum efficiency.
  • the quick heating process reduces wear at low operating temperatures.
  • the adaptation of the cooling capacity to the cooling capacity required for the engine 10 contributes to energy savings, since the previous oversizing of the cooling circuit is no longer necessary.
  • the electronic switching device 24 does not exclude sensible operating states. In particular when using the device according to the invention for cooling a motor vehicle engine, an optimal coordination between the required cooling and heating of the vehicle interior is possible.
  • a parallel connection can also be provided if non-return valves or similar devices are arranged in the pump sections.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Cooling, Air Intake And Gas Exhaust, And Fuel Tank Arrangements In Propulsion Units (AREA)
  • Cooling Or The Like Of Electrical Apparatus (AREA)
  • Devices That Are Associated With Refrigeration Equipment (AREA)

Abstract

Un dispositif et un procédé de refroidissement de moteur prévoient dans au moins un circuit de refroidissement d'un moteur (10) à refroidir, au moins une pompe à réfrigérant (22) mécanique entraînée par ledit moteur (10), ainsi qu'au moins une pompe à réfrigérant (23, 54) électrique commandée par un commutateur (24) électronique. Le débit de la pompe électrique (23, 54) est déterminé en fonction de valeurs caractéristiques de fonctionnement du moteur (10) à refroidir ainsi que d'autres grandeurs, tandis que la pompe mécanique (22) est conçue pour un débit de base. Dans le circuit de refroidissement est agencé, dans un premier parcours de réfrigérant (15), un échangeur de chaleur (16) faisant office de radiateur, dont la puissance de refroidissement est modifiable à l'aide d'une persienne (36) et d'un ventilateur (37). Dans un autre parcours de réfrigérant (19) ou dans un circuit de refroidissement séparé est agencé un autre échangeur de chaleur (20) dont la chaleur dissipée est utilisée à des fins de chauffage, ou bien de refroidissement complémentaire du moteur.An engine cooling device and method provide in at least one cooling circuit of an engine (10) to be cooled, at least one mechanical refrigerant pump (22) driven by said engine (10), as well as at least an electric refrigerant pump (23, 54) controlled by an electronic switch (24). The flow rate of the electric pump (23, 54) is determined according to characteristic operating values of the motor (10) to be cooled as well as other quantities, while the mechanical pump (22) is designed for a basic flow rate. In the cooling circuit is arranged, in a first coolant path (15), a heat exchanger (16) acting as a radiator, the cooling power of which can be modified using a louver (36) and d 'a fan (37). In another coolant path (19) or in a separate cooling circuit, another heat exchanger (20) is arranged, the dissipated heat of which is used for heating purposes, or else for additional cooling of the engine.

Description

Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Motorkühlungg Device and method for engine coolingg
Stand der TechnikState of the art
Die Erfindung geht aus von einer Vorrichtung und einem Verfahren zur Motorkühlung nach der Gattung des Hauptanspruchs. Aus der automobiltechnischen Zeitschrift 87 (1985), Heft 12, S. 638 - 639 ist ein für ein Versuchsfahrzeug entwickeltes Fahrzeugmotorkühlsystem bekannt. Es ist die Verwendung einer elektrisch angetriebenen Wasserpumpe vorgesehen, mit deren Hilfe der Kühlwasserdurchfluß dem Bedarf angepaßt wird, z.B. dem erhöhten Bedarf bei höheren Geschwindigkeiten oder beim Abstellen des Motors nach höheren Geschwindigkeiten.The invention relates to a device and a method for engine cooling according to the preamble of the main claim. A vehicle engine cooling system developed for a test vehicle is known from automotive engineering journal 87 (1985), number 12, pp. 638-639. The use of an electrically driven water pump is provided, by means of which the cooling water flow is adapted to the needs, e.g. the increased need at higher speeds or when the engine is switched off at higher speeds.
Vorteile der ErfindungAdvantages of the invention
Die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung zur Motorkühlung weist demgegenüber den Vorteil auf, daß eine von dem zu kühlenden Motor angetriebene mechanische Kühlmittelpumpe sowie eine elektrisch angetriebene Kühlmittelpumpe vorgesehen ist, deren Förderleistung in Abhängigkeit von Meßwerten gesteuert ist. Die mechanische Pumpe übernimmt eine Grundlast, während die Förderleistung der elektrischen Pumpe der erforderlichen Kühlleistung anpaßbar ist. Neben einer wirtschaftlichen Betriebsweise des Motors, dessen Betriebstemperatur über das Kühlmittel in einem optimalen Bereich haltbar ist, erhöht die erfin dungsgemäße Vorrichtung die Betriebssicherheit der Motorkühlung. Beim Ausfall einer Pumpe ist ein eingeschränkter Motorbetrieb oder wenigstens ein Notlaufbetrieb gewährleistet.The device for engine cooling according to the invention has the advantage over the prior art that a mechanical coolant pump driven by the engine to be cooled and an electrically driven coolant pump are provided, the delivery rate of which is controlled as a function of measured values. The mechanical pump takes on a basic load, while the delivery rate of the electric pump can be adapted to the required cooling capacity. In addition to economical operation of the engine, the operating temperature of which can be kept in an optimal range via the coolant, the inventions increase device according to the operational reliability of the engine cooling. In the event of a pump failure, limited engine operation or at least emergency operation is guaranteed.
Durch die in den Unteransprüchen aufgeführten Maßnahmen sind vor- teihafte Weiterbildungen und Verbesserungen der im Hauptanspruch angegebenen Vorrichtung möglich.The measures listed in the subclaims enable advantageous further developments and improvements of the device specified in the main claim.
Das die elektrische Pumpe und die übrigen Komponenten Jalousie, Gebläse und Mischventile ansteuernde elektronische Schaltgerät erhält, zusätzlich zur Kühlmitteltemperatur, weitere Informationen wie beispielsweise die Motorbetriebstemperatur, die Motorraumtemperatur, Temperaturen von Motorteilen, Umgebungstemperatur, Motordrehzahl, Fahrgeschwindigkeit sowie ein Drucksignal des Kühlmittels zugeführt. Mit diesen Informationen ist eine präzise Anpassung der Förderleistung der elektrischen Pumpe an die erforderliche Kühlleistung möglich.In addition to the coolant temperature, the electronic switching device that controls the electric pump and the other components for the blinds, blowers and mixing valves receives additional information such as engine operating temperature, engine compartment temperature, temperatures of engine parts, ambient temperature, engine speed, driving speed and a pressure signal from the coolant. With this information, the delivery capacity of the electric pump can be precisely adjusted to the required cooling capacity.
In einer vorteilhaften Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung ist ein zweiter Kühlmittelkreislauf mit einem Wärmetauscher vorgesehen. Wenn der zu kühlende Motor als Antriebsmotor in einem Kraftfahrzeug angeordnet ist, wird die Abwärme des Tauschers zur Heizung des Kraftfahrzeuginnenraumes verwendet. Erfindungsgemäß ist vorgesehen, daß die Steuerung dieses Kreises ebenfalls durch das elektronische Schaltgerät erfolgt, wobei in bekannter Weise der Heizkreis auch zur Kühlung des Motors im Sommer beiträgt durch Abschließen der in den Innenraum führenden Heizungskanäle und gleichzeitiges Öffnen von im Freien mündenden Luftkanälen. Der Kreis übernimmt beispielsweise Kühlleistungsspitzen.In an advantageous embodiment of the device according to the invention, a second coolant circuit with a heat exchanger is provided. If the motor to be cooled is arranged as a drive motor in a motor vehicle, the waste heat from the exchanger is used to heat the motor vehicle interior. According to the invention it is provided that the control of this circuit is also carried out by the electronic switching device, the heating circuit also contributing in a known manner to the cooling of the engine in summer by closing off the heating ducts leading into the interior and simultaneously opening air ducts opening outdoors. The circle takes on cooling peaks, for example.
In einer weiteren Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung ist der zweite Kühlmittelkreislauf als eigenständiger Kühlkreis mit einer eigenen Kühlmittelpumpe ausgebildet. Mit dieser Ausgestaltung wird eine weitere Verbesserung der Kühlleistungsregelung ermöglicht. Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren zum Betreiben der Vorrichtung weist den Vorteil auf, daß die Förderleistung der elektrischen Pumpe nicht nur in Abhängigkeit von der Kühlmitteltemperatur, sondern in Abhängigkeit von wenigstens einer weiteren Betriebskenngrδße erfolgt.In a further embodiment of the device according to the invention, the second coolant circuit is designed as an independent cooling circuit with its own coolant pump. This configuration enables a further improvement in the cooling capacity control. The method according to the invention for operating the device has the advantage that the delivery rate of the electric pump is not only dependent on the coolant temperature, but also as a function of at least one further operating parameter.
Eine vorteilhafte Weiterbildung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens ist bei Verwendung des zweiten Kühlkreislaufs zur Motorkühlung im Sommer, die Betätigung einer Luftklappe durch das elektronische Schaltgerät, wobei die Luftklappe den Heizluftkanal sperrt und einen im Freien mündenden Luftkanal freigibt.An advantageous development of the method according to the invention, when the second cooling circuit is used to cool the engine in summer, is the actuation of an air flap by the electronic switching device, the air flap blocking the hot air duct and releasing an air duct that opens out outdoors.
Besonders vorteilhaft ist die Möglichkeit, einen Notbetrieb des Motors aufrechtzuerhalten, wenn eine der Kühlmittelpumpen ausfällt. Nach Abgabe eines entsprechenden Warnsignals oder einem Eingriff in die Motorsteuerung ist ein Motorbetrieb mit reduzierter Leistung möglich.The possibility of maintaining an emergency operation of the engine if one of the coolant pumps fails is particularly advantageous. After a corresponding warning signal has been given or an intervention in the engine control system, engine operation with reduced power is possible.
Weitere Einzelheiten und vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung und des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens ergeben sich aus weiteren Unteransprüchen in Verbindung mit der folgenden Beschreibung.Further details and advantageous developments of the device according to the invention and the method according to the invention result from further subclaims in connection with the following description.
Zeichnungdrawing
Die Figuren 1 und 2 zeigen ein erstes und ein zweites Ausführungsbeispiel einer erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung zur Motorkühlung.Figures 1 and 2 show a first and a second embodiment of an inventive device for engine cooling.
Beschreibung der AusführungsbeispieleDescription of the embodiments
Figur 1 zeigt einen zu kühlenden Motor 10 mit einem ersten und zweiten Kühlmittelkreislaufanschluß 11, 12. Am ersten Anschluß 11 tritt das Kühlmittel aus dem Motor 10 aus und am zweiten Anschluß 12 gelangt es in den Motor 10 zurück. Die Fließrichtung des Kühlmittels ist mit Pfeilen 13, 14 angedeutet. Der Kühlmittelkreislauf enthält einen ersten Kühlmittelweg 15, in dessen Verlauf ein als Kühler betreibbarer erster Wärmetauscher 16 angeordnet ist. Der erste Kühlmittelweg 15 ist mit einem zweiten, als Bypaß geschalteten Kühlmittelweg 17 überbrückbar. Die Kühlmittelverteilung auf den ersten und zweiten Weg 15, 17 übernimmt ein erstes steuerbares Ventil 18. Das Ventil 18 kann ein von der Kühlmitteltemperatur gesteuertes Ventil sein. Vorzugsweise ist es als ein elektrisch ansteuerbares Ventil ausgebildet. Das Ventil 18 arbeitet entweder stetig oder im getakteten Betrieb. Im getakteten Betrieb ist der Kühlmittelstrom zum ersten oder zweiten Kühlmittelweg 15, 17 entweder vollständig freigegeben oder vollständig gesperrt. Der getaktete Betrieb eignet sich insbesondere bei einem elektrisch gesteuerten Ventil 18.FIG. 1 shows an engine 10 to be cooled with a first and second coolant circuit connection 11, 12. The coolant emerges from the engine 10 at the first connection 11 and returns to the engine 10 at the second connection 12. The flow direction of the coolant is indicated by arrows 13, 14. The coolant circuit contains a first coolant path 15, in the course of which a first heat exchanger 16 that can be operated as a cooler is arranged. The first coolant path 15 can be bridged with a second coolant path 17 connected as a bypass. A first controllable valve 18 takes over the coolant distribution in the first and second paths 15, 17. The valve 18 can be a valve controlled by the coolant temperature. It is preferably designed as an electrically controllable valve. The valve 18 works either continuously or in clocked operation. In clocked operation, the coolant flow to the first or second coolant path 15, 17 is either completely released or completely blocked. The clocked operation is particularly suitable for an electrically controlled valve 18.
Ferner ist ein dritter Kühlmittelweg 19 vorgesehen, in dessen Verlauf ein zweiter Wärmetauscher 20 angeordnet ist. Der dritte Kühlmittelweg 19 ist über ein steuerbares Ventil 21 mit dem Bypaß 17 verbindbar. Anstelle der Anbindung des dritten Kühlmittelwegs 19 an den Bypaß 17 ist auch dessen Ausgestaltung als weiterer Bypaß zum ersten Kühlmittelweg 15 vorsehbar. Das, vorzugsweise elektrisch ansteuerbare Ventil 21 arbeitet entweder stetig oder im getakteten Betrieb.Furthermore, a third coolant path 19 is provided, in the course of which a second heat exchanger 20 is arranged. The third coolant path 19 can be connected to the bypass 17 via a controllable valve 21. Instead of connecting the third coolant path 19 to the bypass 17, its design as a further bypass to the first coolant path 15 can also be provided. The, preferably electrically controllable valve 21 works either continuously or in clocked operation.
Eine im Kühlmittelkreislauf angeordnete, vom Motor 10 angetriebene Kühlmittelpumpe 22 sorgt für den Kühlmitteltransport. Die Pumpe 22 wird im folgenden als mechanische Pumpe 22 bezeichnet. In Reihe zur mechanischen Pumpe 22 ist eine weitere Kühlmittelpumpe 23 geschaltet, deren Förderleistung elektrisch einstellbar ist. Die weitere Kühlmittelpumpe 23 wird im folgenden als elektrische Pumpe 23 bezeichnet.A coolant pump 22 arranged in the coolant circuit and driven by the engine 10 takes care of the coolant transport. The pump 22 is referred to below as a mechanical pump 22. A further coolant pump 23 is connected in series with the mechanical pump 22 and its delivery rate can be adjusted electrically. The further coolant pump 23 is referred to below as an electrical pump 23.
Zur Steuerung der elektrischen Pumpe 23 ist ein elektronisches Schaltgerät 24 vorgesehen, dem als Eingangssignale Betriebsparameter des Motors 10 sowie des Kühlkreislaufs zugeführt sind. Im einzelnen sind dies die von einem Drehzahlfühler 25 erfaßte Motordrehzahl, die wenigstens von einem Motortemperaturfühler 26 erfaßte Motortemperatur, die von einem Kühlmitteltemperaturfühler 27 erfaßte Kühlmitteltemperatur, der von einem Druckfühler 28 erfaßte Druck des Kühlmittels im Kühlkreislauf, die von einem Motorraumtemperaturfühler 29 erfaßte Lufttemperatur in unmittelbarer Umgebung des Motors 10, die von wenigstens einem Motorteiletemperaturfühler 30 erfaßte Temperatur sowie die von einem Umgebungslufttemperaturfühler 31 erfaßte Temperatur der Luft in der weiteren Umgebung (Außentemperatur) des Motors 10.To control the electric pump 23, an electronic switching device 24 is provided, which has operating parameters as input signals of the motor 10 and the cooling circuit are supplied. Specifically, these are the engine speed detected by a speed sensor 25, the engine temperature detected by at least one engine temperature sensor 26, the coolant temperature detected by a coolant temperature sensor 27, the pressure of the coolant in the cooling circuit detected by a pressure sensor 28, and the air temperature immediately detected by an engine compartment temperature sensor 29 Environment of the engine 10, the temperature detected by at least one engine part temperature sensor 30 and the temperature of the air in the wider environment (outside temperature) of the engine 10 by an ambient air temperature sensor 31.
Für den Fall, daß der Motor 10 als Antriebsmotor in einem Kraftfahrzeug eingesetzt wird, werden dem elektronischen Schaltgerät 24 als weitere EingangsSignale die von einem Geschwindigkeitssensor 32 erfaßte Fahrgeschwindigkeit, das von einem Heizungs-Lüftungsregler 33 abgegebene Signal zur Vorgabe wenigstens einer Solltemperatur im Fahrzeuginnenraum sowie das von wenigstens einem Heizlufttemperaturfühler 34 abgegebene Signal zugeführt.In the event that the motor 10 is used as a drive motor in a motor vehicle, the electronic switching device 24 receives further input signals such as the driving speed detected by a speed sensor 32, the signal emitted by a heating and ventilation controller 33 for specifying at least one target temperature in the vehicle interior, and that Signal delivered by at least one hot air temperature sensor 34 supplied.
Das elektronische Schaltgerät 24 gibt zunächst ein Ausgangssignal an die elektrische Pumpe 23 ab. Weitere Ausgangssignale werden gegebenenfalls an die Ventile 18, 21 ausgegeben, sofern die beiden Ventile 18, 21 elektrisch ansteuerbar sind. Ferner werden Ausgangssignale abgegeben an eine Stelleinrichtung 35, die eine vor dem als Kühler verwendeten ersten Wärmetauscher 16 angeordnete verstellbare Jalousie 36 betätigt, an jeweils wenigstens einen bei den beiden Wärmetauschern 16, 20 angeordneten Gebläsemotoren 37, 38 sowie an eine eine Luftklappe 41 betätigende Stelleinrichtung 39, die in einem vom zweiten Wärmetauscher 20 wegführenden Luftkanal 40 angeordnet ist und die den Luftweg entweder zu einem Heizluftkanal 42 oder zu einem im Freien mündenden Abluftkanal 43 freigibt. Das elektronische Schaltgerät 24 gibt weiterhin ein Übertemperaturwarnsignal oder ein Signal, das auf einen Ausfall einer Kühlmittelpumpe 22, 23 hinweist, an eine Einrichtung 44 aus. Die Einrichtung 44 ist beispielsweise eine Signallampe am Armaturenbrett des Kraftfahrzeugs oder ein Teil einer Motorsteuerung. Die Motorleistung wird nach dem Auftreten einer Störung gedrosselt.The electronic switching device 24 first outputs an output signal to the electric pump 23. Additional output signals are optionally output to the valves 18, 21, provided the two valves 18, 21 can be controlled electrically. Furthermore, output signals are output to an actuating device 35, which actuates an adjustable blind 36 arranged in front of the first heat exchanger 16 used as a cooler, to at least one fan motor 37, 38 arranged in each of the two heat exchangers 16, 20 and to an actuating device 39 actuating an air flap 41 , which is arranged in an air duct 40 leading away from the second heat exchanger 20 and which opens the air path either to a heating air duct 42 or to an exhaust air duct 43 which opens out in the open. The electronic switching device 24 also outputs an overtemperature warning signal or a signal that indicates a failure of a coolant pump 22, 23 to a device 44. The device 44 is, for example, a signal lamp on the dashboard of the motor vehicle or part of an engine control. The engine power is throttled after a fault occurs.
Die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung gemäß Figur 1 arbeitet folgendermaßen:The device according to the invention according to FIG. 1 works as follows:
Nach Inbetriebnahme des Motors 10 beginnt die mechanische Pumpe 22 mit der Förderung des Kühlmittels. Die Förderleistung der mechanischen Pumpe 22 hängt von der Drehzahl des Motors 10 ab und ist auf einen Wert festgelegt, der zur erforderlichen Kühlmittelförderleistung nicht ausreicht. Bei kaltem Motor 10 fließt das Kühlmittel vom ersten Kühlkreislaufanschluß 11 über den Bypaß 17 und die mechanische Pumpe 22 an den zweiten Kühlkreislaufanschluß 12 zurück. Dieser kleine Kreislauf bedingt nahezu keine Kühlleistung auf, so daß der Motor 10 möglichst rasch auf die Betriebstemperatur kommt, bei der er den maximalen Wirkungsgrad aufweist. Bei einem Ansteigen der Kühlmitteltemperatur, die von dem wenigstens einen Kühlmitteltemperaturfühler 27 erfaßt wird, öffnet das steuerbare Ventil 18, je nach Betriebsweise entweder teilweise oder vollständig, den ersten Kühlmittelweg 15 mit dem als Kühler betriebenen ersten Wärmetauscher 16. Bei einem weiteren Kühlmitteltemperaturanstieg wird mit Hilfe der Stelleinrichtung 35 die zuvor geschlossene Jalousie 36 geöffnet, so daß ein vermehrter Kühlluftstrom über den Kühler 16 geleitet wird. Bedarfsweise wird der Gebläsemotor 37 zur weiteren Unterstützung der Wärmeabfuhr vom Kühler 16 dazugeschaltet. Eine Anpassung der Kühlleistung an den Kühlleistungsbedarf wird mit der elektrischen Pumpe 23 durch Verändern des Kühlmittelstroms erreicht. Die Anpassung an den Kühlleistungsbedarf erfolgt nicht nur in Abhängigkeit von der vom Kühlmitteltemperaturfühler 27 aufgenommenen Kühlmitteltempera tur, sondern in Abhängigkeit von weiteren Signalen. Als Eingangssignale dienen dem elektronischen Schaltgerät 24 die Betriebstemperatur des Motors 10, die Lufttemperatur in unmittelbarer Umgebung des Motors 10, die in weiterer Entfernung vom Motor 10 meßbare Umgebungstemperatur (Außentemperatur), die Temperatur von Motorteilen sowie die Drehzahl des Motors. Bei einer Verwendung der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung im Kraftfahrzeug erhält das elektronische Steuergerät 24 auch eine Information über die Fahrgeschwindigkeit.After the engine 10 has been started up, the mechanical pump 22 begins to deliver the coolant. The delivery rate of the mechanical pump 22 depends on the speed of the motor 10 and is set to a value which is insufficient for the required coolant delivery rate. When the engine 10 is cold, the coolant flows back from the first cooling circuit connection 11 via the bypass 17 and the mechanical pump 22 to the second cooling circuit connection 12. This small circuit requires almost no cooling power, so that the engine 10 quickly reaches the operating temperature at which it has the maximum efficiency. When the coolant temperature, which is detected by the at least one coolant temperature sensor 27, rises, the controllable valve 18 opens, depending on the mode of operation, either partially or completely, the first coolant path 15 with the first heat exchanger 16, which is operated as a cooler the adjusting device 35 opens the previously closed blind 36 so that an increased flow of cooling air is passed over the cooler 16. If necessary, the blower motor 37 is switched on to further support the heat dissipation from the cooler 16. Adaptation of the cooling capacity to the cooling capacity requirement is achieved with the electric pump 23 by changing the coolant flow. The adaptation to the cooling power requirement is not only dependent on the coolant temperature recorded by the coolant temperature sensor 27 structure, but as a function of other signals. The electronic switching device 24 uses as input signals the operating temperature of the motor 10, the air temperature in the immediate vicinity of the motor 10, the ambient temperature (outside temperature) which can be measured further away from the motor 10, the temperature of motor parts and the speed of the motor. When the device according to the invention is used in the motor vehicle, the electronic control unit 24 also receives information about the driving speed.
Die Information über, beispielsweise die Motortemperatur oder die Temperatur bestimmter Motorteile ermöglicht es, die Kühlleistung zu erhöhen, bevor ein nennenswerter Temperaturanstieg des Kühlmittels vom Kühlmitteltemperaturfühler 27 feststellbar ist. Die Einbeziehung der Drehzahl zur Kühlleistungsregelung bringt den Vorteil mit sich, daß der Kühlmittelstrom vor dem Auftreten einer lokalen Erhitzung im Motor mit der elektrischen Pumpe 23 erhöhbar ist. Die Messung der Fahrgeschwindigkeit hat insbesondere auf die Betätigung der Jalousie 36 und des Ventilators 37 Einfluß. Bei höheren Fahrgeschwindigkeiten wäre es beispielsweise unzweckmäßig, die Jalousie 36 geschlossen zu halten und den Ventilator 37 einzuschalten. Derartige unzweckmäßige Betriebszustände sind mit dem elektronischen Schaltgerät 24 erkenn- und vermeidbar.The information about, for example, the engine temperature or the temperature of certain engine parts makes it possible to increase the cooling output before a significant rise in the coolant temperature can be determined by the coolant temperature sensor 27. The inclusion of the speed for cooling capacity control has the advantage that the coolant flow can be increased with the electric pump 23 before local heating occurs in the engine. The measurement of the driving speed has an influence in particular on the actuation of the blind 36 and the fan 37. At higher driving speeds, it would be inappropriate, for example, to keep the blind 36 closed and to switch on the fan 37. Such inappropriate operating states can be identified and avoided with the electronic switching device 24.
Eine weitere Möglichkeit, Wärme aus dem Kühlkreislauf abzuführen, besteht durch die Freigabe des dritten Kühlmittelwegs 19. Für den Fall, daß der dritte Kühlmittelweg 19 über das steuerbare Ventil 21 am Bypaß 17 angeschlossen ist, wird das ansteuerbare Ventil 18 entweder kontinuierlich verstellt oder im getakteten Betrieb derart angesteuert, daß wenigstens ein Teil des Kühlmittelstromes vom ersten Kühlkreislaufanschluß 11 über den dritten Kühlmittelweg 19 und zweiten Wärmetauscher 20 zurück zum zweiten Kühlkreislaufanschluß 12 fließt. Die am zweiten Wärmetauscher 20 erwärmte Luft wird durch den Kanal 40 und durch die Kanäle 42, 43 weitergeleitet. Bei der Verwen düng der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung im Kraftfahrzeug mündet der Heizluftkanal 42 im Fahrzeuginneren. Der Heizlufttemperaturfühler 34 sorgt, in Verbindung mit dem elektronischen Schaltgerät 24 sowie mit weiteren nicht gezeigten Temperaturfühlern im Heizungssystem und im Kraftfahrzeuginnenraum, für die Einhaltung einer Solltemperatur im Innenraum. Der im Freien mündende Abluftkanal 43 gestattet die Verwendung des zweiten Wärmetauschers 20 auch bei hohen Außentemperaturen als Kühler. In diesem Betriebsfäll schließt die Stelleinrichtung 39 mit der Luftklappe 41 den Heizluftkanal 42 vollständig ab.A further possibility of dissipating heat from the cooling circuit is through the release of the third coolant path 19. In the event that the third coolant path 19 is connected to the bypass 17 via the controllable valve 21, the controllable valve 18 is either continuously adjusted or clocked Operation controlled in such a way that at least part of the coolant flow flows from the first cooling circuit connection 11 via the third coolant path 19 and the second heat exchanger 20 back to the second cooling circuit connection 12. The air heated at the second heat exchanger 20 is passed on through the channel 40 and through the channels 42, 43. When using fertilizer of the device according to the invention in the motor vehicle, the heating air duct 42 opens into the vehicle interior. The heating air temperature sensor 34, in conjunction with the electronic switching device 24 and with further temperature sensors (not shown) in the heating system and in the motor vehicle interior, ensures that a target temperature is maintained in the interior. The exhaust air duct 43, which opens outdoors, permits the use of the second heat exchanger 20 as a cooler even at high outside temperatures. In this operating case, the actuating device 39 completely closes the heating air duct 42 with the air flap 41.
Reicht die vom zweiten Wärmetauscher 20 aufgebrachte Kühlleistung zur Motorkühlung aus, so kann das Ventil 18 den Kühlmittelstrom durch den ersten Kühlmittelweg 15 vollständig sperren. Dieser Betriebszustand tritt bei der Kraftfahrzeugheizung im Winter auf. Mit Hilfe des elektronischen Schaltgerätes 24 ist festlegbar, daß während der Warmlaufphase des Motors 10 der Kühlmittelstrom durch den dritten Kühlmittelweg 19 gesperrt bleibt und erst bei Vorliegen einer Mindesttemperatur geöffnet wird. Während der Anlaufphase steht dann allerdings keine Heizenergie zur Verfügung. Dieser Betrieb kann entweder über den Temperaturregler 33 aktiviert werden oder ist bereits im elektronischen Schaltgerät 24 fest vorgegeben. Die Wärmeabgabe über den zweiten Wärmetauscher 20 ist bedarfsweise mit dem Gebläsemotor 38 veränderbar.If the cooling power applied by the second heat exchanger 20 is sufficient for engine cooling, the valve 18 can completely block the coolant flow through the first coolant path 15. This operating state occurs in vehicle heating in winter. With the help of the electronic switching device 24 it can be determined that the coolant flow through the third coolant path 19 remains blocked during the warm-up phase of the engine 10 and is only opened when a minimum temperature is present. No heating energy is then available during the start-up phase. This operation can either be activated via the temperature controller 33 or is already predetermined in the electronic switching device 24. The heat output via the second heat exchanger 20 can be changed with the blower motor 38 if necessary.
Die Erfassung des Kühlmitteldruckes mit Hilfe des Druckfühlers 28 ermöglicht in Verbindung mit der Kühlmitteltemperatur durch Korrelation eine Aussage über den Kühlmittelzustand (Gefahr der Dampfbildung).The detection of the coolant pressure with the aid of the pressure sensor 28, in conjunction with the coolant temperature, enables a correlation to be used to make a statement about the coolant state (risk of vapor formation).
Figur 2 zeigt ein weiteres vorteilhaftes Ausführungsbeispiel der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung. Diejenigen Teile der Figur 2, die mit denen in der Figur 1 übereinstimmen, sind mit denselben Bezugszahlen versehen. Der in Figur 1 gezeigte dritte Kühlmittelweg 19 und das im Bypaß 17 angeordnete Ventil 21 sind bei der Vorrichtung gemäß Figur 2 nicht mehr vorhanden. Der zweite Wärmetauscher 20 ist dagegen in einem separaten Kühlmittelkreislauf angeordnet. Der Motor 10 weist deshalb einen dritten Kühlmittelanschluß 50 und einen vierten Kühlmittelanschluß 51 auf. Das Kühlmittel fließt vom dritten Kühlmittelanschluß 50 zum vierten Kühlmittelanschluß 51. Die Fließrichtung ist mit Pfeilen 52, 53 angedeutet. Die Umwälzung des Kühlmittels erfolgt mit einer dritten Kühlmittelpumpe 54, deren Förderleistung vorzugsweise mit einem elektrischen Signal vorgebbar ist.Figure 2 shows a further advantageous embodiment of the device according to the invention. Those parts of FIG. 2 which correspond to those in FIG. 1 are provided with the same reference numbers. The third coolant path 19 shown in Figure 1 and that in Bypass 17 arranged valve 21 are no longer present in the device according to Figure 2. By contrast, the second heat exchanger 20 is arranged in a separate coolant circuit. The engine 10 therefore has a third coolant connection 50 and a fourth coolant connection 51. The coolant flows from the third coolant connection 50 to the fourth coolant connection 51. The direction of flow is indicated by arrows 52, 53. The coolant is circulated with a third coolant pump 54, the delivery rate of which can preferably be predetermined with an electrical signal.
Die Aufspaltung des Kühlkreislaufes in zwei getrennte, voneinander unabhängige Kreisläufe bringt den Vorteil mit sich, daß der Motor partiell unterschiedlich gekühlt werden kann. Der zweite Kühlkreislauf mit dem zweiten Wärmetauscher 20 dient zur Fahrzeugbeheizung oder zur Wärmeabfuhr von Spitzenleistungen, für die der erste Kühlkreislauf nicht ausgelegt ist..Splitting the cooling circuit into two separate, independent circuits has the advantage that the engine can be cooled differently in some cases. The second cooling circuit with the second heat exchanger 20 is used for vehicle heating or for heat dissipation of peak power for which the first cooling circuit is not designed.
Mit der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung und dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren zur Motorkühlung wird zunächst ein schnelles Erreichen und präzises Halten der Kühlmitteltemperatur erreicht. Der Motor 10 wird dadurch in einem Temperaturbereich mit maximalen Wirkungsgrad gehalten. Der schnelle AufheizVorgang reduziert den Verschleiß bei niedrigen Betriebstemperaturen. Die Anpassung der Kühlleistung an die erforderliche Kühlleistung für den Motor 10 trägt zu einer Energieeinsparung bei, da die bisherige Überdimensionierung des Kühlkreislaufes entfällt. Das elektronische Schaltgerät 24 schließt nicht sinnvolle Betriebszustände aus. Insbesondere bei der Verwendung der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung zur Kühlung eines Kraftfahrzeugmotors ist eine optimale Abstimmung zwischen erforderlicher Kühlung und Heizung des Fahrzeuginnenraums möglich.With the device according to the invention and the method according to the invention for engine cooling, the coolant temperature is first reached quickly and precisely. The motor 10 is thereby kept in a temperature range with maximum efficiency. The quick heating process reduces wear at low operating temperatures. The adaptation of the cooling capacity to the cooling capacity required for the engine 10 contributes to energy savings, since the previous oversizing of the cooling circuit is no longer necessary. The electronic switching device 24 does not exclude sensible operating states. In particular when using the device according to the invention for cooling a motor vehicle engine, an optimal coordination between the required cooling and heating of the vehicle interior is possible.
Anstelle der Reiherischaltung der beiden Pumpen 22, 23 kann auch eine Parallelschaltung vorgesehen sein, wenn in den Pumpstrecken jeweils Rückschlagventile oder ähnlich wirkende Einrichtungen angeordnet sind. Instead of the series connection of the two pumps 22, 23, a parallel connection can also be provided if non-return valves or similar devices are arranged in the pump sections.

Claims

Ansprüche Expectations
1. Vorrichtung zur Motorkühlung mit einem Kühlmittelkreislauf, der einen in einem ersten Kühlmittelweg angeordneten, als Kühler betreibbaren Wärmetauscher und vorzugsweise einen am Kühler vorbeiführenden Bypaß enthält, wobei die Aufteilung des Kühlmittelstroms auf den Kühler und auf den Bypaß wenigstens in Abhängigkeit von der Kühlmitteltemperatur erfolgt, und mit einer elektrischen Kühlmittelpumpe, deren Förderleistung veränderbar ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß ein elektronisches Schaltgerät (24) vorgesehen ist, das die elektrische Pumpe (23) in Abhängigkeit von der von wenigstens einem Kühlmitteltemperaturfühler (27) erfaßbaren Kühlmitteltemperatur steuert und daß eine weitere vom zu kühlenden Motor (10) angetriebene mechanische Kühlmittelpumpe (22) vorgesehen ist, deren Förderleistung auf einen vorgebbaren Teil der erforderlichen Kühlleistung festgelegt ist.1. Device for engine cooling with a coolant circuit, which contains a heat exchanger arranged in a first coolant path, which can be operated as a cooler, and preferably a bypass that leads past the cooler, the coolant flow being divided between the cooler and the bypass at least as a function of the coolant temperature, and with an electric coolant pump, the delivery rate of which can be varied, characterized in that an electronic switching device (24) is provided which controls the electric pump (23) in dependence on the coolant temperature which can be detected by at least one coolant temperature sensor (27) and in that a further one from A mechanical coolant pump (22) driven by a motor (10) to be cooled is provided, the delivery capacity of which is fixed to a predeterminable part of the required cooling capacity.
2. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß dem elektronischen Schaltgerät (24) als Eingangssignal eine von einem Fühler (26) erfaßte Betriebstemperatur des Motors (10) zugeführt ist.2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the electronic switching device (24) is fed as an input signal from a sensor (26) detected operating temperature of the motor (10).
3. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß dem elektronischen Schaltgerät (24) als Eingangssignal eine von einem Fühler (29) in unmittelbarer Nähe des Motors (10) erfaßte Temperatur zugeführt ist. 3. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the electronic switching device (24) is fed as an input signal from a sensor (29) in the immediate vicinity of the motor (10) temperature.
4. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß dem elektronischen Schaltgerät (24) als Eingangssignal eine von wenigstens einem Fühler (30) aufgenommene Temperatur wenigstens eines zu kühlenden Motorteiles zugeführt ist.4. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the electronic switching device (24) is fed as an input signal from at least one sensor (30) recorded temperature of at least one engine part to be cooled.
5. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß dem elektronischen Schaltgerät (24) eine von einem Fühler (31) erfaßte Umgebungstemperatur zugeführt ist.5. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the electronic switching device (24) is supplied by a sensor (31) detected ambient temperature.
6. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß dem elektronischen Schaltgerät (24) eine von einem Fühler (25) erfaßte Drehzahl des Motors (10) zugeführt ist.6. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the electronic switching device (24) is fed by a sensor (25) detected speed of the motor (10).
7. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß dem elektronischen Schaltgerät (24) ein von einem Fühler (28) erfaßter Druck des Kühlmittels zugeführt ist.7. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the electronic switching device (24) is supplied by a sensor (28) detected pressure of the coolant.
8. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß ein vom elektronischen Schaltgerät (24) ansteuerbarer elektrischer Ventilator (37, 38) zur Luftkühlung eines im Kühlmittelweg (15; 17; 19; 52, 53) angeordneten Wärmetauschers (16, 20) vorgesehen ist.8. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that a controllable by the electronic switching device (24) electric fan (37, 38) for air cooling of a in the coolant path (15; 17; 19; 52, 53) arranged heat exchanger (16, 20) is provided is.
9. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß ein dritter Kühlmittelweg (19) mit einem weiteren Wärmetauscher (20) vorgesehen ist.9. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that a third coolant path (19) with a further heat exchanger (20) is provided.
10. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß ein separater Kühlmittelkreislauf mit einem ersten und zweiten Kühlmittelanschluß (50, 51) am Motor (10) vorgesehen ist, der den weiteren Wärmetauscher (20) sowie eine elektrische Kühlmittelpumpe (54) enthält, deren Förderleistung vom elektronischen Schaltgerät (24) veränderbar ist. 10. The device according to claim 9, characterized in that a separate coolant circuit with a first and second coolant connection (50, 51) on the engine (10) is provided, which contains the further heat exchanger (20) and an electric coolant pump (54), the Delivery rate of the electronic switching device (24) can be changed.
11. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der zu kühlende Motor (10) als Antriebsmotor in einem Fahrzeug, insbesondere Kraftfahrzeug angeordnet ist und daß dem elektronischen Schaltgerät (24) als weiteres Eingangssignal die von einem Fühler (32) erfaßte Fahrgeschwindigkeit des Kraftfahrzeugs zugeführt ist.11. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the motor to be cooled (10) is arranged as a drive motor in a vehicle, in particular a motor vehicle and that the electronic switching device (24) as a further input signal, the driving speed of the motor vehicle detected by a sensor (32) is fed.
12. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß eine vom elektronischen Schaltgerät (24) über eine Stelleinrichtung (35) betätigbare Jalousie (36) zur Beeinflussung der Luftströmung durch den Wärmetauscher (16) vorgesehen ist.12. The apparatus according to claim 11, characterized in that a from the electronic switching device (24) via an actuating device (35) operable blind (36) is provided for influencing the air flow through the heat exchanger (16).
13. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß dem elektronischen Schaltgerät (24) ein von einem Heizungs-/Lüftungs-regler (33) abgegebenes Signal zugeführt wird.13. The apparatus according to claim 11, characterized in that the electronic switching device (24) is supplied by a heating / ventilation controller (33) signal.
14. Vorrichtung zur Motorkühlung eines in einem Fahrzeug, insbesondere Kraftfahrzeug angeordneten Antriebsmotors, mit einem Kühlmittelkreislauf, der einen in einem ersten Kühlmittelweg angeordneten, als Kühler betreibbaren Wärmetauscher und vorzugsweise einen am Kühler vorbeiführenden Bypaß enthält, wobei die Aufteilung des Kühlmittelstroms auf den Kühler und auf den Bypaß wenigstens in Abhängigkeit von der Kühlmitteltemperatur erfolgt, mit einem in einem dritten Kühlmittelweg, vorzugsweise in einem weiteren Kühlmittelkreislauf, angeordneten weiteren Wärmetauscher, mit einem ersten und wenigstens einem zweiten vom weiteren Wärmetauscher wegführenden Luftkanal, und mit wenigstens einer elektrischen Kühlmittelpumpe, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß ein elektronisches Schaltgerät (24) vorgesehen ist, das die wenigstens eine elektrische Pumpe (23, 54) in Abhängigkeit von der von wenigstens einem Kühlmitteltemperaturfühler (27) erfaßbaren Kühlmitteltemperatur steuert, daß eine mechanische, vom zu kühlenden Motor (10) antriebene Kühlmittelpumpe (22) vorgesehen ist, deren Förderleistung auf einen vorgebbaren Teil der erforderlichen Kühlleistung festgelegt ist, und daß die vom weiteren Wärme tauscher (20) erwärmte Luft auf die beiden Luftkanäle (42, 43) mittels einer vom elektronischen Schaltgerät (24) über eine Stelleinrichtung (39) betätigbaren Luftklappe (41) aufteilbar ist.14. Device for cooling the engine of a drive motor arranged in a vehicle, in particular a motor vehicle, with a coolant circuit which contains a heat exchanger arranged in a first coolant path and can be operated as a cooler, and preferably a bypass that leads past the cooler, the distribution of the coolant flow between the cooler and the bypass takes place at least as a function of the coolant temperature, with a further heat exchanger arranged in a third coolant path, preferably in a further coolant circuit, with a first and at least one second air duct leading away from the further heat exchanger, and with at least one electrical coolant pump, characterized in that that an electronic switching device (24) is provided which controls the at least one electric pump (23, 54) as a function of the coolant temperature which can be detected by at least one coolant temperature sensor (27), that a mechanical coolant pump (22) driven by the engine (10) to be cooled is provided, the delivery rate of which is fixed to a predeterminable part of the required cooling capacity, and that of the further heat Exchanger (20) heated air can be divided between the two air channels (42, 43) by means of an air flap (41) which can be actuated by the electronic switching device (24) via an actuating device (39).
15. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1 oder 14, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die elektrische Kühlmittelpumpe (23) und die mechanische Kühlmittelpumpe (22) in Reihe geschaltet sind.15. The apparatus according to claim 1 or 14, characterized in that the electrical coolant pump (23) and the mechanical coolant pump (22) are connected in series.
16. Verfahren zum Betreiben der Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 15, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Förderleistung der elektrischen Kühlmittelpumpe (23) vom Schaltgerät (24) in Abhängigkeit von der vom Fühler (27) erfaßten Kühlmitteltemperatur und/oder der von einem Fühler (26) erfaßten Motorbetriebstemperatur gesteuert wird.16. A method for operating the device according to one of claims 1 to 15, characterized in that the delivery rate of the electric coolant pump (23) from the switching device (24) in dependence on the coolant temperature detected by the sensor (27) and / or by a sensor (26) detected engine operating temperature is controlled.
17. Verfahren nach Anspruch 16, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Förderleistung der elektrischen Pumpe (23) in Abhängigkeit von der vom Fühler (25) erfaßten Motordrehzahl vom Schaltgerät (24) gesteuert wird.17. The method according to claim 16, characterized in that the delivery rate of the electric pump (23) in dependence on the motor speed detected by the sensor (25) is controlled by the switching device (24).
18. Verfahren nach Anspruch 16, dadurch. gekennzeichnet, daß die Förderleistung der elektrischen Pumpe (23) in Abhängigkeit von der vom Motorraumtemperaturfühler (29) und vom Motorteiletemperaturfühler (30) erfaßten Temperaturen vom Schaltgerät (24) gesteuert wird.18. The method according to claim 16, characterized. characterized in that the delivery rate of the electric pump (23) is controlled by the switching device (24) as a function of the temperatures detected by the engine compartment temperature sensor (29) and by the engine part temperature sensor (30).
19. Verfahren nach Anspruch 16, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Förderleistung der Pumpe (23) in Abhängigkeit von der vom Fühler (31) erfaßten Umgebungstemperatur vom Schaltgerät (24) gesteuert wird.19. The method according to claim 16, characterized in that the delivery capacity of the pump (23) is controlled as a function of the ambient temperature detected by the sensor (31) by the switching device (24).
20. Verfahren nach Anspruch 16, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die vom weiteren Wärmetauscher (20) erwärmte Luft zu Heizzwecken und/oder zur weiteren Motorkühlung verwendet wird, wobei die Luftverteilung mit der Luftklappe (41) vorgenommen wird. 20. The method according to claim 16, characterized in that the air heated by the further heat exchanger (20) is used for heating purposes and / or for further engine cooling, the air distribution being carried out with the air flap (41).
21. Verfahren nach Anspruch 16, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß bei Ausfall einer der Kühlmittelpumpen (22, 23, 54) ein .Notlaufbetrieb eingeleitet wird.21. The method according to claim 16, characterized in that an emergency operation is initiated in the event of failure of one of the coolant pumps (22, 23, 54).
22. Verfahren nach Anspruch 16, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß aus einer Korrelation von den vom Kühlmitteltemperaturfühler (27) und vom Kühlmitteldruckfühler (28) erfaßbaren Signalen der Kühlmittelzustand bestimmt wird. 22. The method according to claim 16, characterized in that the coolant state is determined from a correlation of the signals detectable by the coolant temperature sensor (27) and by the coolant pressure sensor (28).
EP88909289A 1987-11-12 1988-10-26 Device and process for cooling an engine Expired - Lifetime EP0389502B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT88909289T ATE86361T1 (en) 1987-11-12 1988-10-26 DEVICE AND METHOD FOR ENGINE COOLING.

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DE19873738412 DE3738412A1 (en) 1987-11-12 1987-11-12 ENGINE COOLING DEVICE AND METHOD
DE3738412 1987-11-12

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EP0389502B1 EP0389502B1 (en) 1993-03-03

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EP (1) EP0389502B1 (en)
JP (1) JPH03500795A (en)
KR (1) KR960012136B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE86361T1 (en)
DE (2) DE3738412A1 (en)
WO (1) WO1989004419A1 (en)

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JPH03500795A (en) 1991-02-21
DE3738412A1 (en) 1989-05-24
ATE86361T1 (en) 1993-03-15
KR900700721A (en) 1990-08-16
US5036803A (en) 1991-08-06
EP0389502B1 (en) 1993-03-03
KR960012136B1 (en) 1996-09-16
DE3878919D1 (en) 1993-04-08
WO1989004419A1 (en) 1989-05-18

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