EP0389482A1

EP0389482A1 - Chisel bit arrangement

Info

Publication number: EP0389482A1
Application number: EP88907640A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Alois Hauschopp; Karl Heinz Ginzel
Original assignee: Langerbein-Scharf & Co Kg GmbH
Current assignee: Langerbein-Scharf & Co Kg GmbH
Priority date: 1987-03-03
Filing date: 1988-09-03
Publication date: 1990-10-03
Also published as: EP0362455A1; WO1990002865A1; DE3806363C2; DE3806363A1

Abstract

Un agencement de trépan comprend un trépan (5) plat insérable dans le sens contraire au sens de coupe (SR) dans une poche de support (11) ouverte vers le front de taille (2) et dans le sens de coupe (SR). La face postérieure (9) du trépan (5) repose sur une surface étendue du fond (15) de la poche et sur une saillie à talon (16). La largeur de la saillie (16) est déterminée en fonction de l'épaisseur du trépan (5). Les moments de coupe générés lorsque le trépan (5) attaque le front de taille (2) sont absorbés par une queue stable (10) qui s'engage dans la poche de support (11) par liaison de forme. Une douille de serrage (21) maintient en place le trépan (5). La douille transversale de serrage (21) s'étend tangentiellement au trépan (5) le long de la ligne supérieure de séparation entre le trépan (5) et son logement (4) ou saillie (16). Le côté antérieur (8) du trépan (5) s'étend au-delà du côté antérieur (14) de son logement (4). L'épaulement (18) ainsi formé peut aider à enlever le trépan (5) de son logement (4).A trephine arrangement comprises a flat trephine (5) insertable counter to the cutting direction (SR) into a support pocket (11) open towards the working face (2) and in the cutting direction (SR). The rear face (9) of the bit (5) rests on an extended surface of the bottom (15) of the pocket and on a heel projection (16). The width of the projection (16) is determined according to the thickness of the bit (5). The cutting moments generated when the drill bit (5) strikes the working face (2) are absorbed by a stable shank (10) which engages the support pocket (11) by positive connection. A collet (21) holds the bit (5) in place. The transverse clamping sleeve (21) extends tangentially to the bit (5) along the upper line of separation between the bit (5) and its housing (4) or projection (16). The anterior side (8) of the bit (5) extends beyond the anterior side (14) of its housing (4). The shoulder (18) thus formed can help to remove the bit (5) from its housing (4).

Description

Chisel arrangement

The invention relates to a chisel arrangement for a peeling extraction device in underground mining according to the features in the preamble of claim 1.

Such a chisel arrangement is part of the prior art through DE-PS 12 91 708. It comprises a receiving body which can be provided one above the other in a multiple arrangement on the coal impact side of a planer body. The receiving bodies are preferably welded on. .

A storage pocket for a planer chisel is formed in each receiving body and is open towards the excavation joint. Two undercuts are formed in the interior of the storage pocket, of which the undercut located at the front in the cutting direction has an opening.

On the planer chisel two nose-like projections are provided which are adapted to the undercuts of the bearing pocket and which serve to fix the planer chisel in the receiving body.

The length of the projection in the cutting direction at the back, on the one hand, and the smallest length extension of the planer bit in the cutting direction in relation to the length of the insertion opening of the storage pocket are designed such that the assembly tool can be pivoted into the storage pocket on the discharge side and pivoted out in the opposite direction for disassembly. The planer chisel is locked in the bearing pocket with the aid of a chuck that, after the planer chisel has been inserted into the bearing pocket and engagement of the rear nose-like in the cutting direction Projection is inserted into the corresponding undercut between the nose-like projection lying at the front in the cutting direction and the wall of the storage pocket delimiting the undercut lying at the front in the cutting direction. The position of the chuck and thus the planer chisel is then ensured by a spring pin which is driven into coaxial holes in the chuck and the chisel nose located next to it.

A major disadvantage of the known chisel arrangement is seen in the need to contour the planing chisel very precisely to the storage pocket in order to limit bearing play and thereby wear and deformation stresses to a minimum. This is because, during operational use, the wall section delimiting the insertion opening of the storage pocket at the end lying in the cutting direction at the rear is extremely heavily loaded by the engagement of the planing chisel in the excavation joint, in this area it can be comparatively quickly a larger game between the The planer chisel and the storage pocket come with the result that even minor forces acting on the planing chisel are sufficient to push it out of the storage pocket.

Since the loss of a planing chisel is not always noticed immediately during the extraction operation, and even if it is found that a planing chisel has been lost, a replacement chisel is not always installed immediately because the extraction process has to be interrupted for this purpose, the storage pocket can be moved very quickly Fill fine coal and bake it in the storage bag. To install a new planing chisel, it is then absolutely necessary to clean the storage pocket. However, this is associated with great difficulties, especially in the lower height range, since the storage pocket only extends from the dismantling side. is common. Here, however, there is usually only a smaller handling space between the digging joint and the side of the pick-up body facing it. The manual removal of stuck coal from the storage pocket is therefore very tedious and, moreover, has to be carried out in a strut area which offers the miner inadequate protection in the event of rock or coal breaking in. The miner also has to work in extremely poor light conditions.

The dismantling of a worn or damaged planing chisel is fraught with considerable problems. When dismantling, it is first necessary to drive the spring pin so far into the centering nose of the planing chisel that the chuck can be removed. The drive in often fails, however, because the dowel pin was compressed during assembly on the impact side. If it is nevertheless possible to drive the dowel pin into the centering lug, this is only possible with the application of high forces. However, these forces must be applied purely manually by the miner, whereby it must be taken into account that he must apply these forces - as already explained above - in very cramped conditions with poor light and increased danger from rock or coal breaking in. In particular In some cases the spring pin must even be drilled out.

Even if the miner has succeeded in driving the dowel pin out of the chuck into the hole in the chisel nose, he must then also remove the chuck and then drive the usually very tight planing chisel out of the storage pocket. For this purpose, there is only one attack area available, which is achieved by breaking through the undercut of the bearing pocket located at the front in the cutting direction is formed. This area of attack is therefore very small and only allows you to work with hand tools

A disadvantage of the known * .. ^' = n chisel arrangement is furthermore that the chucks and the dowel pins are very small components which can consequently be easily lost and thus form a permanent annoyance for the miner when replacing planing chisels.

Finally, in the known case, it is also disadvantageous that the clamping length of a planing chisel lying transversely to the cutting direction is dimensioned short, in particular when compared to the freely projecting length of the planing chisel, when the latter attacks above or below a rock storage located in the excavation joint. The then relatively long free lever arm of the planing chisel leads to higher stresses, in particular in the contact area of the planing chisel with the receiving body in the rear wall area of the insertion opening in the cutting direction. This fact also often contributes to the fact that the play between the planing chisel and the bearing pocket increases after a comparatively short time due to wear and deformation stresses to an extent which can very quickly lead to a chisel loss.

The invention has for its object * to improve the chisel arrangement described in the preamble of claim 1 so that on the one hand the assembly or disassembly of a

Chisel is relieved and, on the other hand, its service life is increased.

This object is achieved according to the invention in the feature listed in the characterizing part of claim 1 An important advantage of the invention is first of all that the storage pocket is continuously open in a sector which is directed both in the cutting direction and towards the excavation joint. As a result, a chisel to be reinserted into a storage pocket can first be inserted into the storage pocket against the cutting direction. Only then is it necessary to move it in the direction of removal so that the insertion end facing away from the excavation joint can be inserted into the end section of the storage pocket facing away from the chisel cutting edge and the shoulder into the sector of the storage pocket open in the cutting direction. In practice, this import option makes work considerably easier. The miner no longer needs to carry out the assembly exclusively from the side of the excavation joint.

Another advantage is the fact that the chisel is now supported with a considerable length of its back surface on the one hand on the pocket bottom and on the other hand on the nose-like projection. This noticeably reduces the specific surface pressure when the chisel engages in the excavation joint. Consequently, there is less frictional wear and the stresses on deformations are significantly reduced. The torque caused by the engagement of the chisel in the excavation joint is perfectly absorbed by the secure position of the insertion end in the storage pocket.

The large support surface of the chisel on the bottom of the storage pocket and on the projection also no longer leads to problems with relatively long freely projecting chisels, such as are necessary, for example, above and below rock deposits. Then, too, the surface pressures caused by the larger torques are absorbed perfectly and without deformation. The danger that the chisel 865 _ g _

can be squeezed out of the storage pocket in a short time due to wear and / or deformation.

Because the chisel positively engages with the shoulder projecting in the cutting direction in the sector of the storage pocket which is open here, it initially receives an additional securing of the position in the receiving body. Furthermore, this ensures that the chisel has a defined working position in the receiving body, which is given its relevant importance especially in underground mining operations due to the special requirements there. In particular, the insertion of the spring pin after the chisel assembly is made considerably easier.

The tangential position of the dowel pin relative to the chisel has the advantage that the dowel pin no longer has to absorb stresses which are caused by the engagement of the chisel in the dismantling joint. Such stresses are transferred directly from the chisel directly over a large area to the body. Furthermore, the upper recess for the dowel pin can always be produced with a defined distance from the underside of the chisel. This means that after driving in the dowel pin, which is usually formed by an adapter sleeve, the dowel pin, supported on the receiving body, can exert an additional tensioning effect for the chisel regardless of the manufacturing tolerances. This tensioning effect also helps to secure the operating position of the chisel in the receiving body itself over a longer period of use and to avoid the formation of play with the chisel being loosely seated as a result.

It is also now a dowel pin, which can be made relatively long and stable, so that it can be easily handled by the miner. Its location is also favorable in terms of assembly and disassembly because of the mouth the recess, which extends partly in the chisel, partly in the receiving body, is arranged approximately in the longitudinal direction of the face. It is therefore easily accessible so that the miner no longer has to carry out any work in the area between the excavation joint and the receiving body.

By matching the width of the nose-like projection to the thickness of the chisel, the chisel does not experience any hindrances during the loosening process.

The insertion end of the chisel according to the features of claim 2 is preferably a stable rectangular design. The length can be approximately equal to its width because the chisel must first be pushed into the storage pocket against the cutting direction and, as in the known case, no longer has to be pivoted in exclusively from the side of the excavation joint. Furthermore, the accessibility of the pocket end section from the conveyor side can be improved by appropriate design of the planer body in order to facilitate the disassembly of the chisel.

The features of claim 3 improve the chisel assembly and the working position of the chisel during extraction.

The features of claim 4 ensure a largely unimpeded outflow of the mined mineral.

Using the features of claim 5, the areas of the receiving body located between two chisels lying one above the other can therefore participate in the release process at least to a limited extent.

The features of claim 6 bring about their advantageous properties, especially when dismantling the spring pin. - b -

Consequently, this need not be driven through a fitting bore over the entire width of the chisel and the receiving body. The fitting bore extends essentially only over part of the chisel and the wall section of the receiving body located at the front in the cutting direction.

If the features of claim 7 are used, larger tolerances between the chisel and the receiving body can also be taken into account.

The embodiment associated with the features of claim 8 has the advantage that even extremely tight-fitting chisels can be released comparatively easily by the miner attaching a mining hammer to the chisel and thus driving it out of the storage pocket. In addition, even under the poor visibility of underground operations, the miner has an optical control facility for the correct insertion position of the chisel in the receiving body.

The trapezoidal design of the receiving body according to the features of claim 9 is adapted to the conditions of the peeling extraction and the removal of the extraction material thus released into the conveyor.

Overall, therefore, a chisel arrangement has been created within the scope of the invention, which takes into account in a particularly high degree the underground conditions during the peeling extraction on the one hand and the need to remove and install chisels in the longwall on the other hand. The wear and deformation stresses of a chisel and the receiving body holding it are reduced to a minimum as a result of the large contact surfaces, and the assembly or disassembly of a chisel is substantially simplified by the fact that necessary manipulations from the area between the Shock and the receiving body in the area in front of the receiving body, as seen in the cutting direction, to be shifted. Due to these circumstances, the risk of the miner in the exchange of chisels to a considerable degree ^{** •} is reduced because the time within which the miner in the area of the working face must be relatively unprotected active, is considerably reduced.

The invention is explained below with reference to an embodiment shown in the drawings. Show it

1 shows a view of the chisel arrangement of a coal plane against the cutting direction and

Figure 2 is a horizontal section through Figure 1 along the line II-II.

In FIG. 1, 1 designates the construction of a coal plane, which is otherwise not illustrated in more detail 5, and which is forcibly guided to loosen the coal present in the mine 2 on a conveyor laid in the longitudinal direction of the strut 3 in order to remove the coal.

A plurality of housing-like receiving bodies 4, in particular step-like, are fastened one above the other in accordance with the respective geological conditions on the planer structure 1. The determination is usually made by welding. The recording bodies 4 can, however, also be articulated individually or in groups to the planer structure 1.

5 The receptacle 4 serve to store planing chisels

5 (see Figures 1 and 2), which are provided with hard metal cutting edges 6 to increase their service life. The free length of the planing chisel 5 protruding towards the abutment 2 relative to the receiving bodies 4 varies depending on the condition of the mine 2, for example whether or not there are strip-like rock deposits in the mine 2. In this case, for example, the planing chisels 5 arranged above and below such rock deposits are provided with a greater free length than those planing chisels which are located in the height region of the rock deposits.

As can also be seen in FIGS. 1 and 2, each planing chisel 5 is designed like a plate. Its thickness D is the same everywhere. In plan view, the planing chisel 5 has an approximately parallelogram-like shape, so that it has a free cutting surface 7 behind the hard metal cutting edge 6 and a discharge surface 8 in the cutting direction SR for the material to be extracted into the conveyor. The front 8 (discharge surface 8) and back surface 9 of the planing chisel 5 run largely parallel to one another (FIG. 2).

The insertion end 10 of the planing chisel 5 is positively adapted to a storage pocket 11 which is open both in the cutting direction SR and towards the excavation joint 2. The end section 12 of the bearing pocket 11 facing away from the chisel cutting edge 6 is open on the side 13 of the receiving body 4 facing away from the excavation joint 2. Otherwise, the storage pocket 11 runs largely parallel to the front side 14 of the receiving body 4, which extends at an angle to the cutting direction SR.

The back surface 9 of the planing chisel 5 is supported both on the bottom 15 of the bearing pocket 11 and on a nose-like projection 16 provided in the extension of the bottom 15 of the bearing pocket 11 with a width matched to the thickness D of the chisel 5. This creates a large contact surface between the planing chisel 5 and the receiving body 4. This results from the engagement of the planing chisel 5 in the excavation joint 2. Torque called is also absorbed over a large area by the engagement of the insertion end 10 in the bearing pocket 11. The back surface 17 of the nose-like projection 16 lying in the rear in the cutting direction SR runs approximately parallel to the front side 14 of the receiving body 4.

As can be seen in particular from FIG. 2, the front 8 of the planing chisel 5 protrudes from the front 14 of the receiving body 4. As a result, a force P can be applied to the shoulder 18 of the planer bit 5 without problems in order to release the planer bit 5, for example with the aid of a demolition hammer.

The wall sections 20 of the receiving body 4 which laterally delimit the area 19 of the storage pocket 11 which is open in the cutting direction SR are pointed like a chisel and are designed to be wear-resistant at least with respect to the edges 28.

The position securing of the planing chisel 5 in. Receiving body 4 serves a clamping sleeve 21 which is formed in a bore 22 formed partly in the planer bit 5, partly in the receiving body 4, partly in the projection 16 in the plane of the upper parting line 23 between a planer bit 5 and the receiving body 4. The longitudinal axis 24 of the bore 22 extends perpendicular to the front 14 of the receiving body 4. The bore 22 is

- Starting from the front 14 - gradually increased in diameter, so that the clamping sleeve 21 only needs to be driven into the larger diameter section 25 of the bore 22 to loosen the planing chisel 5. The clamping sleeve 21 is also accessible from the rear 26 of the substantially trapezoidal receiving body 4 or from the nose-like projection 16. In FIG. 1, the lower chisel 5 also shows that the part 27 of the recess 22 formed in the chisel 5 can also be shaped like a trough, the width B being larger than the diameter of the spring pin 21.

Claims

Claims:

1. Chisel arrangement for a peeling mining device in underground mining, which has a plate-like chisel with a hard metal cutting edge, the chisel being insertable into a storage pocket of a receiving body transversely to the cutting direction of the mining device, with an insertion end in an end section of the storage pocket facing away from the cutting edge and centerable by means of one Tension pin can be fixed in the receiving body, characterized by the fact that the chisel

(5) with its back surface (9) facing away from the cutting direction (SR), both at the bottom (15) of the storage pocket (11) which is continuously open in the cutting direction (SR) and towards the excavation joint (2), as well as on an extension of the bottom (15) the 5 bearing pocket (11) provided nose-like projection (16) with a width (D) of the chisel (5) matched width is supported on the receiving body (4) and the dowel pin (21) approximately in the middle of the Support area of the back surface (9) of the chisel (5) with the pocket bottom (15) or the projection (16) the upper parting line (23) between the chisel

(5) and the storage pocket (11) crosswise, the chisel (5) with a projection (18) projecting from the insertion end (10) engages positively in the area (19) of the storage pocket (11) which is open in the cutting direction (SR).

2. chisel arrangement according to claim 1,

- That means that the pocket end section (12) filled by the insertion end (10) of the chisel (5) is designed to be open on the side (13) of the receiving body (4) facing away from the extraction joint (2).

3. Chisel arrangement according to at least one of claims 1 or 10 2, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t that the

Bearing pocket (11) extends largely parallel to the front (14) of the receiving body (4), which extends at an angle to the cutting direction (SR).

4. chisel arrangement according to claim 1,

15 d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t that the in

Cutting direction (SR) rear back surface (17) of the nose-like projection (16) runs approximately parallel to the front (14) of the receiving body (4).

5. Chisel arrangement according to at least one of claims 1

20 to 4, so that the wall sections (20) of the receiving body (4) which laterally delimit the area (19) of the bearing pocket (11) which is open in the cutting direction (SR) are pointed like a chisel and are designed to be wear-resistant.

25 6. Chisel arrangement according to claim 1, characterized in that the partly in the chisel (5), partly in the receiving body (4), partly in the nose-like projection (16) shaped bore (22) for the chip pin (21) in their Cutting direction (SR) facing away rear longitudinal section (25) is at least larger in diameter in the receiving body (4) or in the nose-like projection (16).

7. Chisel arrangement according to claim 1, characterized in that the part (27) formed in the chisel (5) of the recess (22) for the dowel pin (21) is trough-shaped, the width (B) larger than the diameter of the dowel pin (21) is measured.

8. Chisel arrangement according to claim 1, so that the attachment (18) of the chisel (5) protrudes in front of the front side (14) of the receiving body (4) in the cutting direction (SR).

9. chisel arrangement according to at least one of claims 1 to 8, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t that the receiving body (4) is trapezoidal.