EP0387536B1 - Method for the boration of iron articles - Google Patents
Method for the boration of iron articles Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0387536B1 EP0387536B1 EP90102922A EP90102922A EP0387536B1 EP 0387536 B1 EP0387536 B1 EP 0387536B1 EP 90102922 A EP90102922 A EP 90102922A EP 90102922 A EP90102922 A EP 90102922A EP 0387536 B1 EP0387536 B1 EP 0387536B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- batch
- temperature
- boriding
- parts
- heated
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 11
- 238000005885 boration reaction Methods 0.000 title 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000011067 equilibration Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005271 boronizing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052580 B4C Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe2+ Chemical compound [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- INAHAJYZKVIDIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N boron carbide Chemical compound B12B3B4C32B41 INAHAJYZKVIDIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- DDFHBQSCUXNBSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-(5-carboxythiophen-2-yl)thiophene-2-carboxylic acid Chemical compound S1C(C(=O)O)=CC=C1C1=CC=C(C(O)=O)S1 DDFHBQSCUXNBSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FSDZRQFSRALZQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N [B].[Fe].[Fe] Chemical compound [B].[Fe].[Fe] FSDZRQFSRALZQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZDVYABSQRRRIOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N boron;iron Chemical compound [Fe]#B ZDVYABSQRRRIOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003779 heat-resistant material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C8/60—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using solids, e.g. powders, pastes
- C23C8/62—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using solids, e.g. powders, pastes only one element being applied
- C23C8/68—Boronising
- C23C8/70—Boronising of ferrous surfaces
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for boronizing parts made of ferrous materials by covering the surfaces to be boronized with a powder, a granulate or a paste of a borating agent and heating the batch under protective gas to temperatures of 850 ° C. and higher in a continuous furnace.
- Boronizing for wear protection of parts made of iron and steel has been a well-known process.
- dense, uniform layers of the respective boride are formed, on iron e.g. the borides FeB and Fe2B.
- the borides have significantly changed properties; in particular, most borides are very hard, corrosion-resistant and therefore extremely wear-resistant.
- the boride layers are firmly connected to the base material by diffusion.
- the boronization temperatures for iron materials are usually between 850 and 950 ° C, the usual layer thicknesses between 30 and 150 ⁇ m. Since the two borides Fe2B and FeB have different properties and multiphase layers usually have worse properties than monophase, efforts are made to produce monophase layers during boronizing.
- boriding in solid boriding agents is used almost exclusively.
- the parts to be treated are packed in iron boxes in a boron-releasing powder, usually mixtures of boron carbide, aluminum oxide, silicon oxide and the like, with activating additives such as ammonium fluoride or potassium borofluoride (e.g. DE-A-1 796 212).
- activating additives such as ammonium fluoride or potassium borofluoride (e.g. DE-A-1 796 212).
- the boxes are tightly sealed and annealed for a while, the desired boride layers being formed in direct solid-to-solid reactions or by transporting the boron over the gas phase.
- Boring with a paste is also known, the borating agent being applied to the parts in paste form.
- Paste boriding is carried out under protective gas, preferably in a continuous furnace, the parts being exposed to temperatures of up to 900 ° C.
- Fe2B iron boride
- This object is achieved in that the parts are first heated to a temperature of 550 to 600 ° C, then wait for a temperature equalization within the batch without further temperature increase and then heated as quickly as possible to the boronizing temperature of 850 ° C and higher .
- the batch is preferably held at a temperature of 550 to 600 ° C. for 8 to 20 minutes and the subsequent heating of the batch to the boronizing temperature of 850 ° C. and higher is advantageously carried out in a period of at most 15 minutes.
- Sheet metal parts made of C 45 steel were packed in boxes made of heat-resistant material in a borating agent consisting of boron carbide, silicon carbide and potassium borofluoride.
- the boxes filled with the borating agent and the parts therein and closed with a lid were placed on the conveyor belt of a continuous furnace and heated as follows: from room temperature to 580 ° C. within 30 minutes. Hold at this temperature until the temperature inside the box has equalized (9 minutes). Warm up to 880 ° C within 8 minutes, hold above this temperature for 32 minutes, then cool to room temperature within 68 minutes.
- a mixture of nitrogen and hydrogen was used as the protective gas in the continuous furnace.
- the layer obtained in the manner described had an average thickness of 33 ⁇ m with scatterings of ⁇ 3 ⁇ m. The layer only had individual FeB teeth on the edges and was otherwise FeB-free.
- Screw wheels made of 42 CrMo4 steel were packed in a box in the boron material as in Example 1 and the boxes placed on the conveyor belt of the continuous furnace. Treatment conditions:
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Solid-Phase Diffusion Into Metallic Material Surfaces (AREA)
- Other Surface Treatments For Metallic Materials (AREA)
- Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)
- Drilling And Boring (AREA)
- Catalysts (AREA)
- Drilling Tools (AREA)
- Chemical Vapour Deposition (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Borieren von Teilen aus Eisenwerkstoffen durch Bedecken der zu borierenden Oberflächen mit einem Pulver, einem Granulat oder einer Paste eines Borierungsmittels und Erhitzen der Charge unter Schutzgas auf Temperaturen von 850° C und höher in einem Durchlaufofen.The invention relates to a method for boronizing parts made of ferrous materials by covering the surfaces to be boronized with a powder, a granulate or a paste of a borating agent and heating the batch under protective gas to temperatures of 850 ° C. and higher in a continuous furnace.
Das Borieren zum Verschleißschutz von Teilen aus Eisen und Stahl ist ein schon lange bekanntes Verfahren. Durch Eindiffusion des Elementes Bor in die Oberfläche des behandelten Werkstückes und Reaktion mit dem Grundwerkstoff entstehen dichte, gleichmäßige Schichten des jeweiligen Borides, auf Eisen z.B. die Boride FeB und Fe₂B. Die Boride besitzen gegenüber den reinen Metallen erheblich veränderte Eigenschaften, insbesondere sind die meisten Boride sehr hart, korrosionsbeständig und damit überaus verschleißfest. Durch Diffusion sind die Boridschichten mit dem Grundwerkstoff fest verbunden.Boronizing for wear protection of parts made of iron and steel has been a well-known process. By diffusing the element boron into the surface of the treated workpiece and reacting with the base material, dense, uniform layers of the respective boride are formed, on iron e.g. the borides FeB and Fe₂B. Compared to pure metals, the borides have significantly changed properties; in particular, most borides are very hard, corrosion-resistant and therefore extremely wear-resistant. The boride layers are firmly connected to the base material by diffusion.
Die Borierungstemperaturen liegen bei Eisenwerkstoffen normalerweise zwischen 850 und 950° C, die üblichen Schichtdicken bei 30 bis 150 µm. Da die beiden Boride Fe₂B und FeB unterschiedliche Eigenschaften besitzen und mehrphasige Schichten meist schlechtere Eigenschaften aufweisen als monophasige, ist man bemüht, beim Borieren monophasige Schichten zu erzeugen.The boronization temperatures for iron materials are usually between 850 and 950 ° C, the usual layer thicknesses between 30 and 150 µm. Since the two borides Fe₂B and FeB have different properties and multiphase layers usually have worse properties than monophase, efforts are made to produce monophase layers during boronizing.
In der Praxis wird fast ausschließlich das Borieren in festen Boriermitteln angewendet. Dabei werden die zu behandelnden Teile in eiserne Kästen in ein borabgebendes Pulver, meist Mischungen aus Borcarbid, Aluminiumoxid, Siliziumoxid und dgl. , mit aktivierenden Zusätzen, wie Ammoniumfluorid oder Kaliumborfluorid, eingepackt (z.B. DE-A-1 796 212). Die Kästen werden dicht verschlossen und eine zeitlang geglüht, wobei in direkten Festkörper-Feststoff-Reaktionen oder durch Transport des Bors über die Gasphase die erwünschten Boridschichten gebildet werden.In practice, boriding in solid boriding agents is used almost exclusively. The parts to be treated are packed in iron boxes in a boron-releasing powder, usually mixtures of boron carbide, aluminum oxide, silicon oxide and the like, with activating additives such as ammonium fluoride or potassium borofluoride (e.g. DE-A-1 796 212). The boxes are tightly sealed and annealed for a while, the desired boride layers being formed in direct solid-to-solid reactions or by transporting the boron over the gas phase.
Bekannt ist auch das Borieren mit einer Paste, wobei das Boriermittel in Pastenform auf die Teile aufgebracht wird. Ein solches Verfahren ist beispielsweise in der DE-A-26 33 137 beschrieben. Das Pastenborieren erfolgt unter Schutzgas vorzugsweise in einem Durchlaufofen, wobei die Teile Temperaturen bis 900° C ausgesetzt werden.Boring with a paste is also known, the borating agent being applied to the parts in paste form. Such a method is described for example in DE-A-26 33 137. Paste boriding is carried out under protective gas, preferably in a continuous furnace, the parts being exposed to temperatures of up to 900 ° C.
Die bekannten Borierverfahren haben den Nachteil, daß es verfahrenstechnisch sehr schwierig ist, mit ihnen monophasige Eisenboridschichten zu erhalten.The known boriding processes have the disadvantage that it is technically very difficult to obtain monophase iron boride layers with them.
Es war daher Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung, ein Verfahren zum Borieren von Teilen aus Eisenwerkstoffen zu entwickeln, durch Bedecken der zu borierenden Oberflächen mit einem Pulver, einem Granulat oder einer Paste eines Borierungsmittels und Erhitzen der Charge unter Schutzgas auf Temperaturen von 850° C und höher in einem Durchlaufofen, bei dem die Teile mit einer gleichmäßig dicken monophasigen Schicht aus Eisenborid (Fe₂B) bedeckt werden.It was therefore an object of the present invention to develop a process for the boronization of parts made of ferrous materials by covering the surfaces to be boronized with a powder, a granulate or a paste of a borating agent and heating the batch under protective gas to temperatures of 850 ° C. and higher in a continuous furnace in which the parts are covered with a uniformly thick monophase layer of iron boride (Fe₂B).
Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß dadurch gelöst, daß die Teile zuerst nur auf eine Temperatur von 550 bis 600° C aufgeheizt werden, dann ohne weitere Temperaturerhöhung ein Temperaturausgleich innerhalb der Charge abgewartet wird und anschließend möglichst schnell auf die Boriertemperatur von 850° C und höher erhitzt wird.This object is achieved in that the parts are first heated to a temperature of 550 to 600 ° C, then wait for a temperature equalization within the batch without further temperature increase and then heated as quickly as possible to the boronizing temperature of 850 ° C and higher .
Vorzugsweise wird die Charge 8 bis 20 Minuten bei einer Temperatur von 550 bis 600° C gehalten und das anschließende Aufheizen der Charge auf die Boriertemperatur von 850° C und höher erfolgt vorteilhafterweise in einem Zeitraum von höchstens 15 Minuten.The batch is preferably held at a temperature of 550 to 600 ° C. for 8 to 20 minutes and the subsequent heating of the batch to the boronizing temperature of 850 ° C. and higher is advantageously carried out in a period of at most 15 minutes.
Eine Fe₂B-Schicht mit nur sehr geringen Beimengungen an FeB kann man erreichen, wenn der Temperaturbereich zwischen 600 und 850° C möglichst rasch durchschritten wird. Dabei muß man aber darauf achten, daß die Temperaturdifferenzen innerhalb der Charge möglichst gering sind. Es ist daher wichtig, die Chargen gleichmäßig von allen Seiten zu beheizen und vor dem Überschreiten einer Temperatur von 600° C einen Temperaturausgleich innerhalb der Charge stattfinden zu lassen. Dieser Temperaturausgleich kann beispielsweise mittels einer Temperaturmeßeinrichtung innerhalb der Charge kontrolliert werden. Die anschließende Aufheizgeschwindigkeit ist von dem zur Verfügung stehenden Ofen abhängig, sollte jedoch möglichst groß sein.An Fe₂B layer with only very small additions of FeB can be achieved if the temperature range between 600 and 850 ° C is passed as quickly as possible. But you have to make sure that the temperature differences within the batch are as small as possible. It is therefore important to heat the batches evenly from all sides and to allow the temperature to be equalized within the batch before a temperature of 600 ° C is exceeded. This temperature compensation can be checked, for example, by means of a temperature measuring device within the batch. The subsequent heating rate depends on the oven available, but should be as large as possible.
Mit diesem Verfahren erhält man sehr gleichmäßige monophasige Fe₂B-Schichten, die sehr gute Verschleißeigenschaften zeigen . Folgende Beispiele sollen das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren näher erläutern:With this process you get very uniform monophase Fe₂B layers, which show very good wear properties. The following examples are intended to explain the process according to the invention in more detail:
Blechteile (Messer für landwirtschaftliche Geräte) aus dem Stahl C 45 wurden in Kästen aus hitzebeständigem Material in ein Boriermittel eingepackt, das aus Borcarbid, Siliciumcarbid und Kaliumborfluorid bestand. Die mit dem Boriermittel und den darin befindlichen Teilen gefüllten und mit einem Deckel verschlossenen Kästen wurden auf das Transportband eines Durchlaufofens gesetzt und folgendermaßen erwärmt: Von Raumtemperatur auf 580° C innerhalb von 30 Minuten. Halten bei dieser Temperatur bis zum Temperaturausgleich im Kasteninneren (9 Minuten) Erwärmen auf 880° C innerhalb von 8 Minuten, Halten oberhalb dieser Temperatur 32 Minuten, dann Abkühlung auf Raumtemperatur innerhalb von 68 Minuten. Im Durchlaufofen wurde als Schutzgas ein Gemisch von Stickstoff und Wasserstoff verwendet. Die auf die beschriebene Weise erzielte Schicht hatte eine Dicke von im Mittel 33 µm mit Streuungen von ± 3 µm. Die Schicht wies lediglich an den Kanten einzelne FeB-Zähne auf und war ansonsten FeB-frei.Sheet metal parts (knives for agricultural implements) made of C 45 steel were packed in boxes made of heat-resistant material in a borating agent consisting of boron carbide, silicon carbide and potassium borofluoride. The boxes filled with the borating agent and the parts therein and closed with a lid were placed on the conveyor belt of a continuous furnace and heated as follows: from room temperature to 580 ° C. within 30 minutes. Hold at this temperature until the temperature inside the box has equalized (9 minutes). Warm up to 880 ° C within 8 minutes, hold above this temperature for 32 minutes, then cool to room temperature within 68 minutes. A mixture of nitrogen and hydrogen was used as the protective gas in the continuous furnace. The layer obtained in the manner described had an average thickness of 33 μm with scatterings of ± 3 μm. The layer only had individual FeB teeth on the edges and was otherwise FeB-free.
Schraubenräder aus dem Stahl 42 CrMo4 wurden wie bei Beispiel 1 in einem Kasten in das Boriermaterial eingepackt und die Kästen auf das Transportband des Durchlaufofens gesetzt. Behandlungsbedingungen:
Resultate: Schichtdicke an Zahngrund, Zahnflanke und Zahnkopf im Mittel 32 µm, Streuungen ± 2 µm, die Schichten waren völlig frei von FeB.Results: Layer thickness on the tooth base, tooth flank and tooth tip on average 32 µm, scattering ± 2 µm, the layers were completely free of FeB.
Claims (3)
- A process for treating parts of iron work pieces with boron by covering the surfaces to be borided with a powder, a granulate or a paste of a boriding agent and heating the batch under protective gas to boriding temperatures of 850°C and higher in a continuous heating furnace, characterised in that the parts are initially heated only to a temperature of from 550 to 600°C and the batch is then left without further increase of temperature until equalization of temperature has taken place within the batch and it is then heated as rapidly as possible to the boriding temperature.
- A process according to Claim 1, characterised in that the batch is maintained at a temperature of from 550 to 600°C for 8 to 20 minutes.
- A process according to Claim 1 or Claim 2, characterised in that heating of the batch from 600°C to 850°C takes place within a period of at most 15 minutes.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE3908200A DE3908200C1 (en) | 1989-03-14 | 1989-03-14 | |
| DE3908200 | 1989-03-14 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0387536A1 EP0387536A1 (en) | 1990-09-19 |
| EP0387536B1 true EP0387536B1 (en) | 1993-06-30 |
Family
ID=6376267
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP90102922A Expired - Lifetime EP0387536B1 (en) | 1989-03-14 | 1990-02-15 | Method for the boration of iron articles |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0387536B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JPH0310062A (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE91158T1 (en) |
| DE (2) | DE3908200C1 (en) |
| DK (1) | DK0387536T3 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES2044259T3 (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1999031291A2 (en) * | 1997-12-15 | 1999-06-24 | Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft | Plasma boronizing |
| US8894770B2 (en) | 2012-03-14 | 2014-11-25 | Andritz Iggesund Tools Inc. | Process and apparatus to treat metal surfaces |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE1796212B1 (en) * | 1968-09-21 | 1972-05-31 | Inst Haerterei Technik | PROCESS FOR BORING TITANIUM AND ITS ALLOYS |
| DE2633137A1 (en) * | 1976-07-23 | 1978-02-02 | Degussa | BORING AGENT FOR BORING MASS PARTS OF IRON AND NON-FERROUS METALS |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE2361017C3 (en) * | 1973-12-04 | 1985-12-05 | Vac-Hyd Processing Gmbh, 2358 Kaltenkirchen | Method for boronizing the surface of a metallic workpiece |
-
1989
- 1989-03-14 DE DE3908200A patent/DE3908200C1/de not_active Expired
-
1990
- 1990-02-15 ES ES90102922T patent/ES2044259T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1990-02-15 DE DE9090102922T patent/DE59001874D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1990-02-15 DK DK90102922.3T patent/DK0387536T3/en active
- 1990-02-15 AT AT90102922T patent/ATE91158T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1990-02-15 EP EP90102922A patent/EP0387536B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1990-03-14 JP JP2061309A patent/JPH0310062A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE1796212B1 (en) * | 1968-09-21 | 1972-05-31 | Inst Haerterei Technik | PROCESS FOR BORING TITANIUM AND ITS ALLOYS |
| DE2633137A1 (en) * | 1976-07-23 | 1978-02-02 | Degussa | BORING AGENT FOR BORING MASS PARTS OF IRON AND NON-FERROUS METALS |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| ATE91158T1 (en) | 1993-07-15 |
| EP0387536A1 (en) | 1990-09-19 |
| DE59001874D1 (en) | 1993-08-05 |
| DE3908200C1 (en) | 1989-09-07 |
| ES2044259T3 (en) | 1994-01-01 |
| DK0387536T3 (en) | 1993-08-02 |
| JPH0310062A (en) | 1991-01-17 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
|
| 17P | Request for examination filed |
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