EP0386535B1 - Gear for the displacement of an element - Google Patents

Abstract

An especially narrow and light, but nevertheless highly stable gear, easy to fit and composed of simple parts, for the displacement of a lifting member, especially a push rod of a so-called skylight opener, is obtained if, instead of a closed housing, a guide rail (1) open transversely relative to the wing plane is used and the spindle nut (4) is mounted on it displaceably, but in a manner preventing it from being lifted out perpendicularly to the frame plane. The mounting takes place via a dovetail connection (13, 14). The bearing (2) for the screw spindle (3), which can be driven directly or indirectly, for example by a crank handle, and the spindle nut (4) consist of portions of preferably one and the same rod-shaped sectional material, high-strength steel being preferred. The assembly as a whole can be covered by means of a cover rail (8) and thereby be made visually attractive. The cross-section of this cover rail preferably corresponds to that of a cover rail for adjoining rods of the skylight shaft. If an angular gear is used, the spindle nut (3) is connected to an intermediate member (48), especially a universal joint, of which the connection element (49) remote from the spindle is mounted in an additional bearing (50) which can be fitted separately. <IMAGE>

Description

The invention relates to a transmission for moving a lifting member, in particular one with a scissor stay or the like. connected push rod of a so-called fanlight opener, with a screw drive connected to a rotary drive, rotatably but non-displaceably mounted, which interacts with a screw member, which is longitudinally displaceable and can be lifted out transversely to the direction of displacement on a base body which has a long one for the screw spindle. In the present case, a lifting element is understood to mean an element, in particular an elongated element, which performs a working stroke when it is displaced in the longitudinal direction and a return stroke when it is displaced in the opposite direction. As said, it is preferably a push rod, the displacement movement of which is used, for example, to actuate at least one stay scissors of a so-called skylight. A skylight is generally understood to be a tiltable sash of a window which is arranged relatively high up in a room and which is generally by hand can not reach immediately, which is why it must be operated via a corresponding linkage. Part of this linkage is the lifting bell mentioned.

From FR-23 06 323 a device for moving a lifting member is known according to the preamble of claim 1, which has a rotatable screw spindle and an associated rotary drive. The rotary drive is connected to a screw member. The device is attached to the base body in such a way that it is arranged to be longitudinally displaceable and can be lifted out transversely to the direction of displacement. In addition, the base body has a bearing for the screw spindle. However, this arrangement requires a relatively wide construction and is therefore poorly suited for installation on modern window frames. This is explained in more detail below.

In the past, such skylight sashes were often opened with the aid of a pivotable lever, the pivoting movement of which is converted into a sliding movement of the linkage. Recently these pivotable levers are replaced by cranks, ie the actuation takes place directly via a rotary movement, which is then converted into a sliding movement within the transmission. For this purpose, the screw spindle, which can be rotated with the help of the crank, but possibly also a drive motor, is used which, due to its rotatable but non-displaceable mounting, pushes the spindle nut towards or out depending on the direction of rotation. The gearbox is usually placed on and connected to a surface of the fixed frame facing the interior. When it is struck on the vertical frame spar, one speaks from a vertical gear. In addition, however, angular gears are also known, in which the assembly takes place, for example, on an upper fixed frame corner.

If the rotary crank is not directly coupled to the screw spindle, but a transmission element is connected in between, then this, if it is located in front of the fixed frame level, is covered by a suitable rail or the like. Such a cover is usually also provided for the lifting member. Corresponding covers are also available for transmission elements embedded in the fixed frame. In modern windows, the fixed frame is made up of relatively narrow bars. As a rule, there is only a small gap between a wing flap and the breakthrough of the wall. It is not uncommon for this space to be so small that the gearbox is partly plastered in when the window is cleaned. The reason lies in the fact that the transmission, which is not large in itself, is too wide for modern fixed frames. In addition, the transmission is wider than the width of a cover that may be used for the thrust member and the other rod-like power transmission members. This leads to an optically unfavorable construction, which is criticized by architects and building owners, because aesthetics play a fundamental role in window fittings. Known designs do not take this sufficiently into account.

The object of the invention is therefore to develop a transmission of the type described above so that its width can be reduced measured transversely to the longitudinal axis and to the direction of displacement of the lifting member, the training should still be inexpensive and easy to assemble. In addition, despite the small dimensions, the forces that occur should be safely absorbed.

To achieve this object, it is proposed according to the invention that the transmission is designed according to the preamble of claim 1, corresponding to the characterizing part of this claim. While in the previously known gear the spindle nut and the screw member are accommodated in a closed sleeve-like housing, the gear according to the invention instead provides for the use of an open guide rail. Based on the contact surface, this can be arranged below the gear elements mentioned, so that for this reason alone there is a reduction in the width. However, in order to ensure the longitudinal guidance of the spindle nut, it is secured against being lifted out on the guide rail which is open transversely to the fixed frame plane, preferably approximately C-shaped or U-shaped in cross section, via guide strips of the latter and guide grooves of the spindle nut. The longitudinal guide could also be carried out the other way round. If the guide rail is made from a section of a bar profile, then the separately manufactured bearing for the screw spindle must also be mounted on it. As a rule, a single bearing is sufficient because the screw spindle at its other end is additionally mounted on the guide rail via the spindle nut.

As already stated, the gear unit can be mounted, for example, either on the vertical leg of a fixed frame for the skylight wing or on its upper, for example horizontal, leg. However, because in each case the crank and the rod-shaped torque transmission element which is directly driven thereby are assigned to the vertical fixed frame spar, one has to ensure a corresponding force deflection. This force deflection means is connected on the one hand to the screw spindle and on the other hand mostly indirectly to the hand crank. The same applies to the motor drive if this is assigned to the vertical spar. In any case, the force deflection means must also be stored on the vertical fixed frame beam. A special mounting on the upper cross member of the fixed frame is not necessary if the coupling is made directly with the screw spindle. This vertical bearing and the guide rail must be assigned to one another as precisely as possible. This applies in particular if the force transmission means is a universal joint.

Further configurations of the transmission and advantages resulting therefrom can be found in the following description of two exemplary embodiments.

Fig. 1

eine explosionsartige Schrägbilddarstellung des vorzugsweise als Vertikalgetriebe zu verwendenen Getriebes,

Fig. 2

eine Schrägbilddarstellung des zusammengebauten Getriebes einer Winkelgetriebeausführung,

Fig. 3

einen Schnitt gemäß der Linie III-III der Fig. 2,

Fig. 4

ebenfalls perspektivisch und teilweise etwas aufgebrochen die Bohrlehre.

The drawing shows two such exemplary embodiments. Here represent:

Fig. 1

an exploded oblique view of the gear preferably to be used as a vertical gear,

Fig. 2

a perspective view of the assembled gearbox of an angular gearbox design,

Fig. 3

2 shows a section along the line III-III of FIG. 2,

Fig. 4

the drilling jig was also broken open, partly in perspective.

The transmission shown in Fig. 1 consists essentially of a guide rail 1, a separately manufactured and firmly connected to the latter bearing 2, a screw spindle 3 and a spindle nut 4 interacting with the latter. In addition, a snap ring is used to axially secure the screw spindle 3 in the bearing 2 6. Finally, a stop part 5 or a variant 5a which deviates therefrom should also be mentioned, which is coupled to the spindle nut 4 in the manner explained in more detail below and limits its displacement movement in both directions of the double arrow 7. All parts can be covered by means of a cover rail 8, as shown in FIG. 3 of the drawing, wherein the length of the cover rail can be chosen, for example, to be the same length as that of the guide rail 1, so that in the embodiment shown in FIG Parts are completely overgrown. But it can also be longer and at the same time cover the subsequent lifting member.

The guide rail 1 preferably has a U-shaped cross section, which can also be regarded as a C cross section according to FIG. 1 can, because there is a guide bar 11 or 12 attached, in particular molded, to each of the two vertical U-legs. In the exemplary embodiment, the guide strips have an approximately triangular cross section, their triangular tips pointing towards one another. In this way, a dovetail groove or dovetail guide 13 is created, which ensures a longitudinal guide of the spindle nut 4 that is secure against being lifted out. Of course, this requires appropriate training of the spindle nut. This consists essentially of a tubular element with a dovetail 14 formed on its underside. Undercuts 15 and 16 ensure a clean engagement and a largely play-free mounting of the spindle nut in the guide rail 1. In addition, the triangular cross section of the guide strips 11 and 12, which in Engage guide grooves 17 and 18 of the spindle nut 4, a comparatively wide support base guaranteed. The flanks 19 of the guide strips 11 and 12, which slope obliquely from top to bottom, are of particular importance here. Of course, also the inner floor surface 21 of the U-floor web 22.

1, the bearing 2 and the spindle nut 4 have identical cross sections, so that they can advantageously be manufactured from sections of a meter-long profile material. They consist in particular of high-strength steel. As a result, the bearing is preferably displaceably fixed with the guide rail 1 connected that a pin-like shape 23 is pressed out of its U-bottom web 22, which engages in a receptacle-shaped receptacle 24 attached to the base of the bearing 2. It goes without saying that this embossing process is carried out only after the bearing 2 has been pushed in and correctly aligned in the longitudinal direction of the guide rail.

The spindle nut 4 is provided with a nut thread 25 which, however, does not extend over the entire length, but only a partial length of the spindle nut. This length is to be selected so that the necessary stroke of the spindle nut and the associated lifting element, not shown, is guaranteed with a sufficient thread engagement. The latter can be inserted in the end region of the spindle nut 4, which is only provided with a bore and is on the right in FIG. 1, and can be secured against displacement with the aid of a clamping screw 26 which can be screwed in transversely thereto. This bore can be, for example, the drilled-out right end region of the nut thread 25. However, the lifting element is only installed there if it is an overlying construction, i.e. if the lifting element is in front of the surface of the fixed frame facing the interior.

Instead, however, it is also possible to couple the spindle nut 4 to a concealed mounted lifting member that is guided in a longitudinal groove of the fixed frame. For this purpose, a molded, in particular molded, attached to the stop part 5a (FIG. 1) is used. Coupling element 27. As shown in the drawing, it is fork-shaped, the two fork tines, for example, comprising a coupling extension of the lifting member that extends to the side, so that tensile and thrust forces can be transmitted.

1, the stop part 5 or 5a is assigned to the underside of the dovetail. It penetrates an opening 28 of the bottom web 22 of the guide rail 1, the stop part 5 not projecting beyond this bottom web, but thus being approximately flush, while the coupling element 27 of the stop part 5a projects beyond the bottom 22 and into the groove below which receives the thrust member of the fixed frame protrudes.

The opening 28 made centrally to the bottom web 22 consists essentially of a long, narrow slot part 29 which merges into a profiled slot part 30. Above the latter, the stop part 5 or 5a can be mounted in the direction of arrow 31 before screwing on the guide rail 1. The thickness of the stop part 5 or 5a corresponds to the width of the narrow slot part 29, taking into account the usual side play. In addition, the length of the stop part 5 or 5a in relation to the length of the opening 28 is chosen so that the maximum stroke of the lifting member required in each case is reached can be. It is easy to see that you can change the stroke by changing the stop part by a shorter or longer within certain limits. For this Basically, it is also not advantageous to firmly connect the stop part 5 or 5a to the spindle nut, but pluggable.

For this purpose, on the upper edge of the stop parts 5, 5a facing the spindle nut 4 there are two driver pins 32 and 33 arranged one behind the other in the direction of displacement. Each engages in a receptacle 34 or 35 on the underside or in the dovetail 14 of the spindle nut 4, where, for example, blind holes of corresponding diameter are involved.

The diameter of the driver pins 32 and 33 exceeds the thickness of the stop part 5, 5a. For this reason, the installation of the stop part is only possible via the correspondingly shaped profiled slot part 30 of the opening 28. This profiled opening essentially consists of a hole 37 corresponding to the pin diameter and an elongated hole 38 arranged laterally at the pin distance therefrom. Between the two is a connecting slot 39, the width of which corresponds to that of the slot part 29. The latter opens directly into the bore 37. Instead of the elongated hole 38, a second bore 37 could also be provided, but the elongated hole has the advantage of being able to work with greater tolerance when viewed in the longitudinal direction.

It is obvious that after inserting the stop part 5, 5a and a slight lateral displacement to the left or right, the undersides of the driver pins 32 and 33, insofar as they protrude laterally, rest on the longitudinal edges of the slot part 29 and possibly 39. The stop part 5, 5a can now no longer detach from the guide rail 1. However, this is also ensured without lateral displacement when the guide rail 1 is screwed onto the fixed frame.

The screw spindle 3 is equipped with an outer collar 40 and an annular groove 41 for the snap ring 6. The threaded part 42 extends close to the outer collar 40. The distance between the latter and the annular groove 41 corresponds essentially to the length of the bearing 2. Accordingly, the journal 2 protrudes beyond the journal 2, which has a connecting pin 43 for the drive , for example, a hand crank or an intermediate member.

The cover rail 8 has a U-shaped cross section in the embodiment. It is clipped onto the guide rail 1, preferably overlapping its U-legs 9 and 10 completely. For this purpose, locking bars 44 and 45 are molded inward on their free leg ends and mutually facing locking bars. Each engages in a locking groove 46 or 47 of the guide rail 1.

While the transmission according to FIG. 1 is preferably mounted on a vertical fixed frame spar, the transmission according to FIG. 2 is fastened to a fixed frame spar extending transversely, for example perpendicularly or obliquely upwards. In order to be able to establish the connection to the drive, for example a hand crank, mounted on or associated with the vertical fixed frame spar, the screw spindle 3 of this transmission is connected in a rotationally fixed manner to an intermediate member 48. The embodiment according to FIG. 2 is a universal joint known as such. Its connection element 49 remote from the transmission is mounted centrally in an additional bearing 50. The latter is attached to the vertical fixed frame spar.

The connecting element 49 is advantageously formed in two parts and consists of the part 51 near the joint and the part 52 remote from the joint. After the connection of the connecting element 53 of the intermediate member 48 to the connecting pin 43 of the screw spindle 3, the part 51 of the connecting element 49 near the joint is inserted in FIG. 2 from above, ie in the direction of arrow 54, into the additional bearing 50, while the part 52 remote from the joint is inserted from below. Via one of the two mounting holes 55 or 56, the two parts are held together in a rotationally fixed manner, for example with the aid of a cross pin or the like. The connecting element 53 is hollow, so that it can overlap the connecting pin 43 of the screw 3. This connection is secured by means of a screw 57 or the like. Through the mounting holes 55 and 56 you can use mounting screws reach for the additional bearing 50, the heads of which are located outside the range of motion of the connecting element 49.

The two connecting elements 49 and 53 of the intermediate link 48 and the universal joint, as mentioned, do not have to enclose a right angle with one another, but any other angle within the scope of this universal joint is also possible. It also follows from this that the connecting element 49 does not necessarily have to be mounted on an exactly vertical leg. In order to be able to maintain the exact position of the additional bearing 50 relative to the guide rail 1, which is particularly important when using a universal joint, the use of a drilling jig according to FIG. 4 is proposed. Essential parts of this drilling jig are the legs 58 and 59, which are connected to one another in an articulated manner via at least one, but preferably two tabs 60 attached on both sides. The axes for the articulation of these tabs are labeled 61 and 62.

At the mutually facing ends of the legs 58 and 59 each have an arc-shaped toothing 63 and 64 is attached, in particular molded. The articulated connection is so stiff that one can easily set the desired angle on the one hand, which corresponds to the angle of the two fixed frame spars to which this bevel gear is to be attached and that on the other hand this adjustment can be carried out without excessive effort.

Drill guides are attached to each of the two legs 58 and 59. For example, the leg 58 is equipped with two drill guides 65 and 66 that are relatively far apart, while on the leg 59 there are two drill guides 67 and 68, the spacing of which is far shorter. This distance corresponds to that of the mounting holes 55 and 56 of the additional bearing 50, while the distance between the drill guides 65 and 66 corresponds to the distance from the mounting holes 69 and 70 on the U-bottom web 22 of the guide rail 1. Otherwise, the length of the tabs 60 is chosen to be the same as that of the universal joint middle part 71, i.e. the lateral spacing of the axes 61 and 62 corresponds to that of the axes 72 and 73 of the universal joint 48. In order to be able to place the drilling jig flat on the fixed frame, the tabs 60 are embedded in the relevant ends of the legs 58 and 59.

Claims (15)

1. Gear mechanism for displacing a lifting member, in particular a connecting rod of a so-called skylight opener which is connected to an opening scissor-type unit or the like, having a screw spindle (3) which is connected rotatably but not displaceably to a rotary drive unit, and cooperates with a screw member mounted on a base member which has a bearing (2) for the screw spindle (3) so as to be longitudinally displaceable and such that it cannot lift out transversely to the direction of displacement, characterised in that the screw member is in the form of a spindle nut (4) and the base member is in the form of a guide rail (1) with an approximately C-shaped or U-shaped cross-section, wherein on each C-shaped or U-shaped leg a guide strip (11, 12) projects transversely, forming a dovetail guide (13) together with the U-shaped or C-shaped base bar (22), in that additionally the spindle nut (4) and the bearing (2) which is separately produced and is attached such that it is displaced together with the guide rail (1) each have an appropriate dovetail (14), and in that the bearing (2) and the spindle nut (4) are substantially tubular and in particular have the same cross-section.
2. Gear mechanism according to Claim 1, characterised in that the spindle nut (4) is provided along only a partial area with a thread (25) disposed on its longitudinal axis and corresponding to the screw spindle (3), whereas another partial area, in particular the remaining area, is provided only with a bore for the lifting member which bore is disposed in an extension, wherein a thread disposed transversely to the longitudinal axis of the bore accommodates a clamping screw (26) for the lifting member.
3. Gear mechanism according to at least one of the preceding Claims, characterised in that a stop member (5, 5a) associated with the lower side of the dovetail engages in an aperture (28) in the base bar (22) of the guide rail (1), thus forming a displacement-limiting device for the spindle nut (4).
4. Gear mechanism according to Claim 3, characterised in that the stop member (5a) of the displacement-limiting device simultaneously forms or carries a coupling component for the lifting member, wherein the coupling component (27) is preferably forked and cooperates with an attachment of the lifting member (5a).
5. Gear mechanism according to Claim 3 or Claim 4, characterised in that the stop member (5, 5a) is coupled in a positive-locking manner with the spindle nut (4), and at least one shoulder thereof is supported on the inner surface (21), facing the spindle nut, of the U-base bar (22) of the guide rail (1) or of the longitudinal edges of the aperture (28).
6. Gear mechanism according to Claim 5, characterised in that the stop member (5, 5a) comprises a strip-like base member with two driving pins (32, 33) disposed one behind the other in the direction of displacement which each engage in a corresponding recess (34, 35) in the foot of the spindle nut (4), and a profiled part (30) of the aperture (28) in the guide rail (1) comprises two bores (37) connected to one another and corresponding to the diameter of the pins, or one bore (37) and an elongate hole (38), wherein the width of the connection slot (39) of the two bores (37) or the like corresponds approximately to the width of the base member of the stop member (5, 5a).
7. Gear mechanism according to Claim 6, characterised in that the forked coupling component (27) which projects in the opposite direction to the driving pins (32, 33) is disposed on the base member of the stop member (5, 5a).
8. Gear mechanism according to any one of the preceding Claims, characterised in that a stud (23) of the U-shaped base bar (22) of the guide rail (1) engages in a correspondingly shaped recess (24) of the bearing (2), which is in particular formed in the manner of a blind recess (24).
9. Gear mechanism according to at least one of the preceding Claims, characterised in that the screw spindle (3) is secured axially to the bearing (2) on the one hand by an outer collar (40) and on the other hand by a retainer ring (6) or the like, wherein the free end which projects beyond an accommodating snap ring groove (41) for the retainer ring (6) forms a connection member (43) for the driving mechanism, in particular a crank handle or a connecting member (48) connected to the latter.
10. Gear mechanism according to at least one of the preceding Claims, characterised in that the bearing (2) and the spindle nut (4) are sections of profiled rod materials, in particular of the same cross-section, wherein the profiled material is preferably steel.
11. Gear mechanism according to at least one of the preceding Claims, characterised in that the gear mechanism is covered by a covering rail (8) which preferably has an approximately U-shaped cross-section and is connected to the guide rail (1).
12. Gear mechanism according to Claim 11, characterised in that the covering rail (8) is snapped onto the guide rail (1), wherein in particular on the free leg ends of the covering rail (8) there are inner locking strips (44, 45) which face one another and engage in a sprung manner in locking grooves (46, 47) of the guide rail (1).
13. Gear mechanism according to Claim 12, characterised in that the locking grooves (46, 47) are provided in the area of transition from the U-shaped base bar (22) to the U-legs (10, 9) of the guide rail (1) and the bearing (2) and the spindle nut (4) with the exception of the dovetail are disposed above the guide rail (1).
14. Gear mechanism according to at least one of Claims 9 to 13, characterised in that the intermediate member consists at least partially of a universal joint (48).
15. Gear mechanism according to Claim 14, characterised in that the connection component (49) or the like of the universal joint (48) which is distant from the mechanism is mounted in an additional bearing (50) and is preferably in two parts, wherein a connection component part (51, 52) is inserted in both bearing bore ends, and both are coupled to one another in a rotationally rigid manner.

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