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EP0383740A1 - Selbstausrichtende Baublöcke und Ziegel - Google Patents

Selbstausrichtende Baublöcke und Ziegel Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0383740A1
EP0383740A1 EP90850058A EP90850058A EP0383740A1 EP 0383740 A1 EP0383740 A1 EP 0383740A1 EP 90850058 A EP90850058 A EP 90850058A EP 90850058 A EP90850058 A EP 90850058A EP 0383740 A1 EP0383740 A1 EP 0383740A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
block
dihedral
recessions
projections
building blocks
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP90850058A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Gino Caroti
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from US07/311,088 external-priority patent/US4956958A/en
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP0383740A1 publication Critical patent/EP0383740A1/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2/14—Walls having cavities in, but not between, the elements, i.e. each cavity being enclosed by at least four sides forming part of one single element
    • E04B2/16—Walls having cavities in, but not between, the elements, i.e. each cavity being enclosed by at least four sides forming part of one single element using elements having specially-designed means for stabilising the position
    • E04B2/18—Walls having cavities in, but not between, the elements, i.e. each cavity being enclosed by at least four sides forming part of one single element using elements having specially-designed means for stabilising the position by interlocking of projections or inserts with indentations, e.g. of tongues, grooves, dovetails
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2/28—Walls having cavities between, but not in, the elements; Walls of elements each consisting of two or more parts kept in distance by means of spacers, all parts being solid
    • E04B2/30—Walls having cavities between, but not in, the elements; Walls of elements each consisting of two or more parts kept in distance by means of spacers, all parts being solid using elements having specially designed means for stabilising the position; Spacers for cavity walls
    • E04B2/32—Walls having cavities between, but not in, the elements; Walls of elements each consisting of two or more parts kept in distance by means of spacers, all parts being solid using elements having specially designed means for stabilising the position; Spacers for cavity walls by interlocking of projections or inserts with indentations, e.g. of tongues, grooves, dovetails
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2002/0202—Details of connections
    • E04B2002/0204—Non-undercut connections, e.g. tongue and groove connections
    • E04B2002/021—Non-undercut connections, e.g. tongue and groove connections of triangular shape
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2002/0202—Details of connections
    • E04B2002/0204—Non-undercut connections, e.g. tongue and groove connections
    • E04B2002/0228—Non-undercut connections, e.g. tongue and groove connections with tongues next to each other on one end surface and grooves next to each other on opposite end surface

Definitions

  • This invention relates to interlocking building blocks or bricks which can be used to construct a wall without the need for mortar between the bricks.
  • the mortar layer serves three primary purposes: one, it provides a mortar bed of various thickness in order to vertically align the bricks; two, it seals the interstices; and three, it strengthens the connection between the blocks.
  • the invention also relates to autofitting toy building blocks which can be used to build a sturdy toy wall without the need for adhesive between the blocks.
  • a building block having two vertical end surfaces and two vertical side surfaces, a top surface having a plurality of dihedral projections extending along the longitudinal length of the block and a bottom surface which has a plurality of dihedral recessions also running along the longitudinal length of the block. Because of the dihedral projections and recessions, the bricks are autofitting to the extent that when a wall is constructed, the weight of the wall itself helps to press the projections and recessions into engagement with each other, thus increasing the stability and firmness of the wall.
  • the bottom surface of the brick has at least one more dihedral recession than the upper surface has dihedral projections.
  • Vertical grooves preferably semicircular in shape, can be provided in the vertical end surfaces of the brick in communication with this extra recession. Therefore, when a wall of such bricks is constructed, adjacent grooves form a vertical channel through which grout can be poured.
  • the invention also includes a plurality of such blocks connected together to form a wall.
  • at least one corner block is provided which has an upper surface having the same projection pattern as does the main block.
  • the dihedral recessions on the lower surface of the block extend over only half the length of the block in the longitudinal direction.
  • the other half of the lower surface of the block has the same kind of dihedral recessions extending in a direction perpendicular to those on the first half of the block.
  • a corner block is used having, along the other half of the lower surface of the block, a flat, recessed surface.
  • the upper and lower surfaces each have two patterns of dihedral projections and recessions extending longitudinally for half the length of the block and perpendicular for the other half.
  • a corner block is not required; the same block can be used as both a stretcher block and a corner block.
  • the invention can be applied to building blocks made of brick, cement (cinder block) or any other suitable material.
  • the invention can also be applied to toy building blocks of wood, plastic, or any other suitable material.
  • the blocks can be completely solid, or they can have one or more holes which lighten the blocks and provide ventilation through the wall, or the can be of the completely hollow type.
  • Figs. 1 and 2 show the autofitting block according to the first embodiment of the invention.
  • the block 1 has side surfaces 3, end surfaces 5, a top surface 7 and a bottom surface 9.
  • the top surface has two dihedral projections 11, each having a width at its base equal to one third the total width of the block.
  • the projections 11 extend along the entire length of the top surface in the longitudinal direction, and are immediately adjacent the side surfaces 3. The portion of the top surface 7 between the projections is maintained planar.
  • the bottom surface 9 in Fig. 1 has three dihedral recessions 13.
  • the outer two dihedral recessions are of the same size and shape as the dihedral projections 11, and are located such that, as seen in Fig.3, when two blocks are placed on top of each other, the two projections engage the outer two recessions so that the side surfaces 3 of the two blocks are essentially coplanar. Also as can be seen in Fig. 3, when two blocks are placed in vertical engagement, a horizontal channel 15 is formed between the middle recession of the upper block and the top surface of the lower block.
  • the block further has two semicircular grooves 17 which extend vertically along the end surfaces 5. These grooves are located such that, as seen in Fig. 5, when two blocks are placed horizontally adjacent each other, a vertical channel 19 is formed between the blocks.
  • the vertical channel 19 communicates with the horizontal channel 15. Therefore, when grout or mortar is poured into the vertical channel 19 after formation of a wall, the grout or mortar flows into the horizontal channels 15, thus sealing the interstices, as well as increasing the strength of the wall.
  • the dihedral projections and recessions shows in Fig. 1 form a 90! dihedral angle. Although it is possible to vary this angle, 90! is preferred because of its universality. Also, the 90! angle is adequate to prevent transverse movement between the bricks. Furthermore, it may be desirable avoid sharp corners and to flatten the outer edges 21 of the bottom surface (as seen in Fig. 4). These flattened edges avoid chipping of the blocks during transport and construction, and at the same time, improve the aesthetic appearance of the wall built with a plurality of the blocks 1. The flattened edges also allow the block to seat properly on another block even when detritus such as sand or gravel is present on the top surface of the lower block.
  • a corner block 31 as shown in Figs. 6 and 7 is used.
  • the top surface 33 of the corner block 31 has two dihedral projections 35 like those of the block 1.
  • the bottom surface 37 of the corner block 31 has three dihedral recessions 39 which extend in the longitudinal direction of the block, but only from one end surface to the midpoint.
  • the other half of the bottom surface has three dihedral recessions 38 extending in the transverse direction of the corner block. If an angle other than 90! exists, the other half of the bottom is made flat.
  • the blocks according to the preferred embodiments are twice as long as they are wide.
  • a wall such as the one shown in Fig. 5 is constructed, it is necessary to use half blocks 41, which are half as long as the main block 1, at the end of the wall.
  • a block 51 again has side surfaces 53, end surfaces 55, a top surface 57 and a bottom surface 59.
  • One half of the top surface has two dihedral projections 61 extending in the longitudinal direction, similar to those shown in Fig. 1.
  • the other half of the top surface has three dihedral projections 63 extending in the transverse direction of the block.
  • a planar surface 65 is formed between the projections 61 and extends through the projections 63.
  • One half of the bottom surface 59 has three dihedral recessions 65 extending in the longitudinal direction, similar to those shown in Fig.
  • the other half the bottom surface has three dihedral recessions 67 extending in the transverse direction of the block.
  • semicircular grooves 69 extend vertically in the end surfaces 55. Furthermore, additional cut-out portions 71 (Fig. 9) are formed between the recessions 65 in the bottom surface. Therefore, similar to what is shown in Fig. 3, when two blocks are placed on top of each other, a horizontal channel is formed between the blocks. Furthermore, the grooves 69 of two blocks placed end-to-end form a vertical channel 75 which communicates with the horizontal channel.
  • the primary advantage of the second embodiment over the first embodiment is that when a wall of such blocks is formed, a special corner block is not necessary.
  • the blocks are twice as long as they are wide, and when the wall is ended, half-blocks are necessary.
  • the outer sharp edges of the block in the second embodiment can be rounded similar to what is shown in Fig. 4 in order to avoid chipping of the block, to improve the aesthetic appearance of the wall, and to permit the block to seat properly on another block even when detritus is present on the top surface of the lower block.
  • a block 91 has two side walls 93 and at least two crosspieces 97 (either two or three crosspieces are preferable) extending between the side walls. At least one hollow space 98 is thus formed between the walls.
  • the side walls and crosspieces define top and bottom surfaces which are angled so as to form three dihedral projections 92 extending longitudinally on the upper surface, and three dihedral recessions 94 extending longitudinally on the lower surface.
  • the side walls are preferably designed to have a thickness equal to approximately one half the width of one of the projections or recessions.
  • this hollow corner block (not shown) has an upper surface which is the same as the upper surface of the block of Fig. 10, but the lower surface has the longitudinal dihedral recessions extending along only half of the block; the other half of the block has three dihedral recessions extending transverse to the block.
  • Fig. 12 is the block 81 of Fig. 11 made in hollow.
  • the block 101 has side walls 103 and at least two crosspieces 107 extending between the side walls which define at least one hollow space 108 therebetween.
  • the side walls and crosspieces define upper and lower surfaces, and the upper surface is angled so as to form three dihedral projections 102 extending longitudinally along half of the upper surface, and three dihedral projections 105 extending transverse to the block along the other half of the upper surface.
  • the lower surface has three dihedral recessions (not shown) extending longitudinally along one half of the lower surface, and three dihedral recessions 104 extending transverse to the block along the other half of the lower surface.
  • the fourth embodiment is identical to the third embodiment; it has the advantage that a special corner block is not necessary to form a wall.
  • Figs. 13 and 14 show further examples of walls built using blocks according to the present invention.
  • a wall using stretcher blocks 1 of the type shown in Fig. 1 and corner blocks 31 of the type shown in Fig. 6 is depicted.
  • a wall using blocks 101 of the type shown in Fig. 12 is depicted.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Toys (AREA)
  • Conveying And Assembling Of Building Elements In Situ (AREA)
  • Emergency Lowering Means (AREA)
  • Furnace Housings, Linings, Walls, And Ceilings (AREA)
EP90850058A 1989-02-15 1990-02-08 Selbstausrichtende Baublöcke und Ziegel Withdrawn EP0383740A1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US311088 1981-10-13
US07/311,088 US4956958A (en) 1989-02-15 1989-02-15 Autofitting building blocks and bricks
US47063990A 1990-01-26 1990-01-26
US470639 1990-01-26

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0383740A1 true EP0383740A1 (de) 1990-08-22

Family

ID=26977734

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP90850058A Withdrawn EP0383740A1 (de) 1989-02-15 1990-02-08 Selbstausrichtende Baublöcke und Ziegel

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0383740A1 (de)
JP (1) JPH02300446A (de)
AU (1) AU5154490A (de)
WO (1) WO1990009492A1 (de)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0645276A2 (de) † 1993-09-25 1995-03-29 VDO Adolf Schindling AG Kombinations-Instrument
WO2008049952A1 (es) * 2006-10-23 2008-05-02 Ancomap Dos, S.L. Pieza prefabricada para ejecución de paramentos
WO2011078633A3 (en) * 2009-12-21 2011-08-18 Galins Lauris Multifunctional constructive building elements
CN103132631A (zh) * 2013-03-21 2013-06-05 甘肃快邦节能建筑有限公司 双层防火保温模板式墙体

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19508383A1 (de) * 1995-03-13 1996-09-19 Helmut Budjin Bauelement mit Verzahnungselementen und mindestens einem durchgehenden Kanal
JP4641803B2 (ja) * 2005-01-06 2011-03-02 株式会社ＴａｎａーＸ 装飾構造体

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR329619A (fr) * 1903-02-26 1903-08-04 Denis Isoard Blocs bouvetés en béton armé pour toutes constructions
GB779795A (en) * 1955-02-11 1957-07-24 Frank Leonard Poland Building units
CH531109A (de) * 1971-05-19 1972-11-30 3 E Bau Gmbh Bauelementensatz zum Errichten formschlüssig gebundenen Mauerwerkes
FR2235241A1 (en) * 1973-06-27 1975-01-24 Wilhelm William D Wall assembly building building blocks - have pair of right triangular ribs spaced apart on top and vertical ends
US4035975A (en) * 1973-09-10 1977-07-19 Franz Julius Gergely Wall of building blocks and method of constructing it
GB2092201A (en) * 1981-01-26 1982-08-11 Buen Asbjorn Building block

Family Cites Families (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB117142A (en) * 1917-07-11 1918-07-11 Walter Wright Improvements in Walls for Buildings (not Subaqueous).
US2749739A (en) * 1951-06-06 1956-06-12 Prec Building System Inc Interlocking corner block
GB894494A (en) * 1958-05-05 1962-04-26 Heinrich Drath Improvements in and relating to building material, structural elements and structures for protection against radiation
US3534518A (en) * 1968-09-27 1970-10-20 Groutlock Corp Interlocking building block construction
DE2332678A1 (de) * 1973-06-25 1975-01-09 William D Wilhelm Block zum errichten von mauern
DE2507406A1 (de) * 1975-02-20 1976-09-02 Risto Ahonen Stock- oder plankenfoermiges bauelement
DE2719107A1 (de) * 1977-04-29 1978-11-16 Carl Habegger Mauerstein
DE3163580D1 (en) * 1981-03-10 1984-06-20 Rolf Scheiwiller Assembly of blocks for constructing walls
US4787185A (en) * 1982-02-11 1988-11-29 Dwayne Gascho Log structures and method of constructing same
GB2157733A (en) * 1983-10-05 1985-10-30 Donelson Gray Mccaulay Simon Building block system
US4860505A (en) * 1988-05-26 1989-08-29 Bender David C Construction block

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR329619A (fr) * 1903-02-26 1903-08-04 Denis Isoard Blocs bouvetés en béton armé pour toutes constructions
GB779795A (en) * 1955-02-11 1957-07-24 Frank Leonard Poland Building units
CH531109A (de) * 1971-05-19 1972-11-30 3 E Bau Gmbh Bauelementensatz zum Errichten formschlüssig gebundenen Mauerwerkes
FR2235241A1 (en) * 1973-06-27 1975-01-24 Wilhelm William D Wall assembly building building blocks - have pair of right triangular ribs spaced apart on top and vertical ends
US4035975A (en) * 1973-09-10 1977-07-19 Franz Julius Gergely Wall of building blocks and method of constructing it
GB2092201A (en) * 1981-01-26 1982-08-11 Buen Asbjorn Building block

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0645276A2 (de) † 1993-09-25 1995-03-29 VDO Adolf Schindling AG Kombinations-Instrument
EP0645276B2 (de) † 1993-09-25 2003-03-19 Mannesmann VDO AG Kombinations-Instrument
WO2008049952A1 (es) * 2006-10-23 2008-05-02 Ancomap Dos, S.L. Pieza prefabricada para ejecución de paramentos
WO2011078633A3 (en) * 2009-12-21 2011-08-18 Galins Lauris Multifunctional constructive building elements
CN103132631A (zh) * 2013-03-21 2013-06-05 甘肃快邦节能建筑有限公司 双层防火保温模板式墙体

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU5154490A (en) 1990-09-05
WO1990009492A1 (en) 1990-08-23
JPH02300446A (ja) 1990-12-12

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