EP0373553B1 - Shielded electrical cable provided with quick-connection deviation areas - Google Patents
Shielded electrical cable provided with quick-connection deviation areas Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0373553B1 EP0373553B1 EP89122812A EP89122812A EP0373553B1 EP 0373553 B1 EP0373553 B1 EP 0373553B1 EP 89122812 A EP89122812 A EP 89122812A EP 89122812 A EP89122812 A EP 89122812A EP 0373553 B1 EP0373553 B1 EP 0373553B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- cable
- conductors
- insulated
- zones
- connection
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims description 54
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009941 weaving Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920000914 Metallic fiber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000615 nonconductor Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
- H01B7/009—Cables with built-in connecting points or with predetermined areas for making deviations
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a multi-conductor electric cable, each conductor of which can be connected in branch to an electrical contact without having to cut the cable, such connections being possible in predetermined zones of the cable, said zones being short with respect to the length separating two successive zones, and all the conductors being parallel to each other and contained in a plane.
- Such a cable does not however provide very good protection of the loop-shaped conductors in the connection zones, the conductors in these zones being outside the envelope of the cable.
- the object of the present invention is to provide an electrical cable making it possible to connect conductors to electrical contacts, for example insulation-displacement contacts, but ensuring better protection of the conductors in the connection areas by the fact that they do not protrude at the outside of the envelope.
- FIG. 1 represents the general appearance of a cable according to the invention, comprising connection areas from place to place.
- Figure 2 shows in diametrical section outside a connection area a screened cable formed of several twisted conductors.
- Figure 3 shows the same cable in cross section outside a connection area.
- Figure 4 shows the same cable in diametrical section in a connection area.
- Figure 5 shows the same cable in cross section in a connection area.
- FIG. 6 shows in diametral section a variant of the same screened cable, in which the non-insulated conductive element is arranged outside the insulated conductors.
- Figure 7 shows the variant of Figure 6 seen in cross section.
- Figure 8 shows in diametral section outside an area connecting a shielded flat cable.
- Figure 9 shows the flat cable of Figure 8 seen in cross section outside a connection area.
- Figure 10 shows in diametral section a connection area of a shielded flat cable.
- Figure 11 shows the same connection area seen in cross section.
- Figures 12 and 13 show in diametral section and in cross section a flat cable in which the non-insulated conductive element is kept at a precise distance from the other conductors.
- the cable according to the invention comprises common zones 1 and from place to place connection zones 2, the current zones being of decimetric to decametric length, and the connection zones of millimeter to centimeter length.
- the lengths of the current zones between two connection zones can be identical or different depending on the plan of the connections envisaged.
- the current area of a cable with stranded conductors comprises two insulated conductors 3 and 4, a metal screen 6, and an insulating sheath 7.
- the electric screen can be made up either of a tube produced using a metallic tape or a plastic tape coated with metal on one of its faces or on both, either of a braid or of a covering or of a weaving of metallic threads.
- a drain conductor 5 is placed in contact with the screen all along the cable so as to allow a convenient connection of the screen to electrical contacts arranged at the ends or along the cable.
- This drain conductor which is not coated with insulation, may consist of a single strand or of several strands stranded together.
- FIGS. 4 and 5 represent a connection zone according to the invention of a cable, the screen of which is made of a metallic braid 6 completed with a drain conductor 5.
- the elements of the braid are brought together in a conductive element 8 which is substantially filiform against which the drain conductor 5 is pressed.
- the conductive element 8 can be made up of an insert element in contact at its ends with the sections of the screen on either side. of the connection area proper. It can also only consist of the single drain conductor 5 when the cable is provided with such a conductor.
- the conductors are aligned in a plane with the conductive element 8, the latter being able to be disposed between the conductors ( Figures 4-5) or outside the latter ( Figures 6-7).
- the drain conductor 5 when it exists remains in contact with the conductive element 8 connecting the elements of the screen 6.
- FIGS. 8 and 9 represent the current area of a flat cable in which the conductors 3, 4 are arranged side by side inside the screen 6 and the insulating sheath 7.
- the screen is preferably made of a braid or a metallic weave and there is no drain conductor.
- connection area of such a cable shown in Figures 10 and 11
- the conductive element 8 disposed between the insulated conductors 3, 4 connects the two ends of the screen on either side of the connection area . It is made by bringing together the conductive elements of the braid.
- FIG. 12 and 13 illustrate the case of a cable where the separating element 9 exists in the connection areas and also in full cable.
- connection zones of FIGS. 10 and 11 it is likewise possible to respect precise distances from the conductive element 8 with the insulated conductors 3, 4 by introducing a separator on each side of the conductive element 8.
- the cables according to the invention are particularly well suited for the constitution of computer networks in which it is frequent to have to add or remove equipment along the lines or to modify their position, these various operations having to be able to be carried out without interrupting or even only fleetingly disrupt the operation of other equipment.
Landscapes
- Insulated Conductors (AREA)
- Cable Accessories (AREA)
- Coupling Device And Connection With Printed Circuit (AREA)
Description
La présente invention concerne un câble électrique multiconducteurs dont chaque conducteur peut être raccordé en dérivation à un contact électrique sans avoir à couper le câble, de tels raccordements étant réalisables dans des zones prédéterminées du câble, les dites zones étant courtes par rapport à la longueur séparant deux zones successives, et tous les conducteurs étant parallèles entre eux et contenus dans un plan.The present invention relates to a multi-conductor electric cable, each conductor of which can be connected in branch to an electrical contact without having to cut the cable, such connections being possible in predetermined zones of the cable, said zones being short with respect to the length separating two successive zones, and all the conductors being parallel to each other and contained in a plane.
La demanderesse a déjà proposé dans sa demande de brevet français n° 8 808 141 du 17 juin 1988 (publié après le date de la dépôt de la présente demande) un câble multiconducteur muni de boucles destinées à des raccordements en dérivation et comportant un ou plusieurs conducteurs électriques rassemblés dans une enveloppe, présentant de place en place des boucles latérales formées par des surlongueurs de certains conducteurs qui sortent à l'extérieur de l'enveloppe et sont disponibles pour des connexions en dérivation par rapport au cheminement du câble.The Applicant has already proposed in its French patent application No. 8,808,141 of June 17, 1988 (published after the date of filing of the present application) a multicore cable provided with loops intended for branch connections and comprising one or more electrical conductors assembled in an envelope, having from place to place side loops formed by extra lengths of certain conductors which exit outside the envelope and are available for branch connections with respect to the cable routing.
Un tel câble n'assure cependant pas une très bonne protection des conducteurs en forme de boucle dans les zones de connexion, les conducteurs dans ces zones étant à l'extérieur de l'enveloppe du câble.Such a cable does not however provide very good protection of the loop-shaped conductors in the connection zones, the conductors in these zones being outside the envelope of the cable.
La présente invention a pour but de procurer un câble électrique permettant de raccorder en dérivation les conducteurs à des contacts électriques, par exemple autodénudants, mais assurant dans les zones de raccordement une meilleure protection des conducteurs par le fait qu'ils ne font pas saillie à l'extérieur de l'enveloppe.The object of the present invention is to provide an electrical cable making it possible to connect conductors to electrical contacts, for example insulation-displacement contacts, but ensuring better protection of the conductors in the connection areas by the fact that they do not protrude at the outside of the envelope.
Le câble selon l'invention est caractérisé en ce que dans chaque zone de raccordement :
- a) outre des conducteurs enrobés d'isolant il existe un élément, conducteur non isolé assurant la continuité électrique du blindage de part et d'autre de la zone de raccordement et la possibilité de raccorder le blindage en dérivation à un contact électrique, et
- b) les conducteurs isolés et l'élément conducteur non isolé sont disposés les uns par rapport aux autres à des distances précises et prédéterminées.
- a) in addition to conductors coated with insulation, there is an element, a non-insulated conductor ensuring the electrical continuity of the shielding on either side of the connection zone and the possibility of connecting the shielding in shunt to an electrical contact, and
- b) insulated conductors and the non-conductive element isolated are arranged relative to each other at precise and predetermined distances.
Il répond en outre de préférence à au moins l'une des caractéristiques suivantes :
- Il comporte aussi au moins dans les zones de raccordement un élément isolant formant séparateur entre l'élément conducteur non isolé et les conducteurs isolés.
- L'élément conducteur non isolé est disposé entre deux conducteurs isolés.
- L'élément conducteur non isolé est disposé à une extrémité de l'alignement des conducteurs.
- Il est muni d'un revêtement isolant,qui soit comporte un marquage de repérage des zones de raccordement, soit est réalisée en matériau translucide.
- It also includes at least in the connection areas an insulating element forming a separator between the non-insulated conductive element and the insulated conductors.
- The non-insulated conductor element is disposed between two insulated conductors.
- The uninsulated conductive member is disposed at one end of the conductor alignment.
- It is provided with an insulating coating, which either includes a marking marking the connection areas, or is made of translucent material.
Il est décrit ci-après, à titre d'exemples et en référence aux figures du dessin annexé, un câble dont les conducteurs sont torsadés en dehors des zones de raccordement et un câble à structure plate conformes à l'invention.It is described below, by way of examples and with reference to the figures of the appended drawing, a cable whose conductors are twisted outside the connection zones and a cable with a flat structure in accordance with the invention.
La figure 1 représente l'aspect général d'un câble selon l'invention, comportant de place en place des zones de raccordement.FIG. 1 represents the general appearance of a cable according to the invention, comprising connection areas from place to place.
La figure 2 représente en coupe diamétrale hors d'une zone de raccordement un câble blindé formé de plusieurs conducteurs torsadés.Figure 2 shows in diametrical section outside a connection area a screened cable formed of several twisted conductors.
La figure 3 représente le même câble en section droite hors d'une zone de raccordement.Figure 3 shows the same cable in cross section outside a connection area.
La figure 4 représente le même câble en coupe diamétrale dans une zone de raccordement.Figure 4 shows the same cable in diametrical section in a connection area.
La figure 5 représente le même câble en section droite dans une zone de raccordement.Figure 5 shows the same cable in cross section in a connection area.
La figure 6 représente en coupe diamétrale une variante du même câble blindé, dans laquelle l'élément conducteur non isolé est disposé à l'extérieur des conducteurs isolés.FIG. 6 shows in diametral section a variant of the same screened cable, in which the non-insulated conductive element is arranged outside the insulated conductors.
La figure 7 représente la variante de la figure 6 vue en section droite.Figure 7 shows the variant of Figure 6 seen in cross section.
La figure 8 représente en coupe diamétrale hors d'une zone de raccordement un câble plat blindé.Figure 8 shows in diametral section outside an area connecting a shielded flat cable.
La figure 9 représente le câble plat de la figure 8 vu en section droite hors d'une zone de raccordement.Figure 9 shows the flat cable of Figure 8 seen in cross section outside a connection area.
La figure 10 représente en coupe diamétrale une zone de raccordement d'un câble plat blindé.Figure 10 shows in diametral section a connection area of a shielded flat cable.
La figure 11 représente la même zone de raccordement vue en section droite.Figure 11 shows the same connection area seen in cross section.
Les figures 12 et 13 représentent en coupe diamétrale et en section droite un câble plat dans lequel l'élément conducteur non isolé est maintenu à une distance précise des autres conducteurs.Figures 12 and 13 show in diametral section and in cross section a flat cable in which the non-insulated conductive element is kept at a precise distance from the other conductors.
Dans la figure 1, le câble comporte selon l'invention des zones courantes 1 et de place en place des zones de raccordement 2, les zones courantes étant de longueur décimétrique à décamétrique, et les zones de raccordement de longueur millimétrique à centimétrique. Les longueurs des zones courantes entre deux zones de raccordement peuvent être identiques ou différentes selon le plan des raccordements envisagés.In FIG. 1, the cable according to the invention comprises common zones 1 and from place to place connection zones 2, the current zones being of decimetric to decametric length, and the connection zones of millimeter to centimeter length. The lengths of the current zones between two connection zones can be identical or different depending on the plan of the connections envisaged.
Dans les figures 2 et 3, la zone courante d'un câble à conducteurs toronnés comprend deux conducteurs isolés 3 et 4, un écran métallique 6, et une gaine isolante 7.In FIGS. 2 and 3, the current area of a cable with stranded conductors comprises two insulated
Selon les techniques connues des hommes de l'art, l'écran électrique peut être constitué soit d'un tube réalisé à l'aide d'un ruban métallique ou d'un ruban de matière plastique revêtu de métal sur l'une de ses faces ou sur les deux, soit d'une tresse ou d'un guipage ou d'un tissage de fils métalliques.According to the techniques known to those skilled in the art, the electric screen can be made up either of a tube produced using a metallic tape or a plastic tape coated with metal on one of its faces or on both, either of a braid or of a covering or of a weaving of metallic threads.
Dans le premier cas, il est fréquent qu'un conducteur drain 5 soit placé au contact de l'écran tout au long du câble de façon à permettre un raccordement commode de l'écran à des contacts électriques disposés aux extrémités ou le long du câble. Ce conducteur drain, qui n'est pas revêtu d'isolant, peut être constitué d'une brin unique ou de plusieurs brins toronnés ensemble.In the first case, it is frequent that a
Bien que cela soit moins fréquent, on peut adopter la même disposition dans le second cas où l'écran est constitué d'une tresse, d'un tissage ou d'un guipage métallique. Les figures 2 et 3 font apparaître un tel conducteur drain mais il doit être compris que l'invention s'applique indifféremment à des câbles blindés qui sont munis ou ne sont pas munis d'un conducteur drain.Although this is less frequent, the same arrangement can be adopted in the second case where the screen consists of a braid, a weaving or a metallic covering. Figures 2 and 3 show such a drain conductor but it must be It is understood that the invention applies equally to shielded cables which are provided or are not provided with a drain conductor.
Les figures 4 et 5 représentent une zone de raccordement selon l'invention d'un câble dont l'écran est fait d'une tresse métallique 6 complétée d'un conducteur drain 5.FIGS. 4 and 5 represent a connection zone according to the invention of a cable, the screen of which is made of a
Dans ladite zone, les éléments de la tresse sont rassemblés en un élément conducteur 8 sensiblement filiforme contre lequel est plaqué le conducteur drain 5.In said zone, the elements of the braid are brought together in a
Lorsque le câble est muni d'un écran réalisé à l'aide d'un ruban, l'élément conducteur 8 peut être constitué d'un élément rapporté en contact par ses extrémités avec les tronçons de l'écran de part et d'autre de la zone de raccordement proprement dite. Il peut aussi n'être constitué que du seul conducteur drain 5 lorsque le câble est muni d'un tel conducteur.When the cable is provided with a screen produced using a ribbon, the
Les conducteurs sont alignés dans un plan avec l'élément conducteur 8, ce dernier pouvant être disposé entre les conducteurs (figures 4-5) ou à l'extérieur de ces derniers (figures 6-7). Le conducteur drain 5 quand il existe reste en contact avec l'élément conducteur 8 reliant les éléments de l'écran 6.The conductors are aligned in a plane with the
Les figures 8 et 9 représentent la zone courante d'un câble plat dans lequel les conducteurs 3, 4 sont disposés côte à côte à l'intérieur de l'écran 6 et de la gaine isolante 7.FIGS. 8 and 9 represent the current area of a flat cable in which the
Ici l'écran est de préférence constitué d'une tresse ou d'un tissage métallique et il n'y a pas de conducteur drain. Mais on peut aussi envisager un écran formé à l'aide d'un ruban complété ou non d'un conducteur drain.Here the screen is preferably made of a braid or a metallic weave and there is no drain conductor. However, it is also possible to envisage a screen formed using a ribbon, whether or not completed with a drain conductor.
Dans une zone de raccordement d'un tel câble, représentée aux figures 10 et 11, l'élément conducteur 8 disposé entre les conducteurs isolés 3, 4 relie les deux extrémités de l'écran de part et d'autre de la zone de raccordement. Il est réalisé en rassemblant les éléments conducteurs de la tresse.In a connection area of such a cable, shown in Figures 10 and 11, the
L'invention a été décrite ci-dessus en prenant comme exemple des câbles à deux conducteurs isolés. L'homme de métier comprendra aisément qu'elle s'applique de la même manière à des câbles à plusieurs conducteurs isolés ou comportant un ou plusieurs éléments non conducteurs communément appelés bourrages ou séparateurs.The invention has been described above taking as an example cables with two insulated conductors. Those skilled in the art will readily understand that it applies in the same way to cables with several insulated conductors or comprising one or more elements. non-conductors commonly called jams or separators.
Une telle situation se rencontre parfois dans les câbles plats, où un tel élément séparateur peut être introduit en bordure de la nappe des conducteurs isolés pour respecter une distance précise entre le conducteur drain qui n'est pas revêtu d'isolant et le conducteur isolé adjacent. L'élément séparateur peut n'être introduit que dans les zones de raccordement ou exister aussi dans le câble en ligne courante. Les figures 12 et 13 illustrent le cas d'un câble où l'élément séparateur 9 existe dans les zones de raccordement et aussi en plein câble.Such a situation is sometimes encountered in flat cables, where such a separating element can be introduced at the edge of the sheet of insulated conductors to respect a precise distance between the drain conductor which is not coated with insulation and the adjacent insulated conductor . The separating element can only be introduced in the connection areas or also exist in the current line cable. Figures 12 and 13 illustrate the case of a cable where the separating element 9 exists in the connection areas and also in full cable.
Dans les zones de raccordement des figures 10 et 11, il est de la même manière possible de respecter des distances précises de l'élément conducteur 8 avec les conducteurs isolés 3, 4 en introduisant un séparateur de chaque côté de l'élément conducteur 8.In the connection zones of FIGS. 10 and 11, it is likewise possible to respect precise distances from the
Ces dispositions permettent d'effectuer les raccordements de tous les éléments conducteurs à l'aide de systèmes de connexion respectant un pas précis entre les contacts.These provisions make it possible to make the connections of all the conductive elements using connection systems which respect a precise pitch between the contacts.
Les câbles selon l'invention sont particulièrement bien adaptés pour la constitution de réseaux informatiques dans lesquels il est fréquent d'avoir à ajouter ou supprimer des équipements le long des lignes ou à modifier leur position, ces diverses opérations devant pouvoir être réalisées sans interrompre ou même seulement perturber fugitivement le fonctionnement des autres équipements.The cables according to the invention are particularly well suited for the constitution of computer networks in which it is frequent to have to add or remove equipment along the lines or to modify their position, these various operations having to be able to be carried out without interrupting or even only fleetingly disrupt the operation of other equipment.
Claims (5)
- A multi-conductor screened electric cable in which each conductor may be connected in parallel to an electrical contact without breaking the cable, said connections being makable in predetermined zones of the cable, said zones being short relative to the distances between two successive zones, with all of the conductors therein being parallel to one another and contained in a plane, the cable being characterized in that in each connection zone:a) there exists a non-isolated conductor element (5, 8) in addition to conductors (3, 4) covered in insulation, thereby providing electrical continuity for the screening (6) from one end to the other of the connection zone and also making it possible to provide a parallel connection between the screening and an electrical contact; andb) the insulated conductors (3, 4) and the non-insulated elements (5, 8) are disposed at precise and determined distances relative to one another.
- A cable according to claim 1, characterized in that it also includes, at least in the connection zones, an insulating element constituting a separator (9) between the non-insulated conductor elements (8) and the insulated conductors (3, 4).
- A cable according to claim 2, characterized in that the non-insulated element (8) is disposed between two insulated conductors (3, 4).
- A cable according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the non-insulated conductor element (8) is disposed at one of the ends of the alignment of conductors.
- A cable according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that it is provided with an insulating covering, which covering includes marks for identifying the connection zones, or is made of translucent material.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR8816377 | 1988-12-13 | ||
| FR8816377A FR2640412B1 (en) | 1988-12-13 | 1988-12-13 | SHIELDED ELECTRIC CABLE PROVIDED WITH DRIVED QUICK CONNECTION AREAS |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0373553A1 EP0373553A1 (en) | 1990-06-20 |
| EP0373553B1 true EP0373553B1 (en) | 1993-09-15 |
Family
ID=9372872
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP89122812A Expired - Lifetime EP0373553B1 (en) | 1988-12-13 | 1989-12-11 | Shielded electrical cable provided with quick-connection deviation areas |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US4967040A (en) |
| EP (1) | EP0373553B1 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE68909192T2 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES2045368T3 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2640412B1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5483020A (en) * | 1994-04-12 | 1996-01-09 | W. L. Gore & Associates, Inc. | Twin-ax cable |
| US5574250A (en) * | 1995-02-03 | 1996-11-12 | W. L. Gore & Associates, Inc. | Multiple differential pair cable |
| US5973265A (en) * | 1997-08-29 | 1999-10-26 | Lear Automotive Dearborn, Inc. | Wire harness with splice locators |
| US6717058B2 (en) * | 2002-04-19 | 2004-04-06 | Amphenol Corporation | Multi-conductor cable with transparent jacket |
| US6891379B2 (en) * | 2002-09-04 | 2005-05-10 | Draeger Medical System, Inc. | EKG wiring system |
| DE102006039604A1 (en) | 2006-08-24 | 2008-02-28 | Weidmüller Interface GmbH & Co. KG | Cable, connector with cable and method of making the cable |
| EP2612332A1 (en) | 2010-08-31 | 2013-07-10 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Electrical cable arrangement |
Family Cites Families (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR1221818A (en) * | 1959-01-14 | 1960-06-03 | Prefabricated electrical conduit for building column | |
| US3728661A (en) * | 1970-03-12 | 1973-04-17 | Honeywell Inf Systems | Modular cabling system |
| US3775552A (en) * | 1971-12-16 | 1973-11-27 | Amp Inc | Miniature coaxial cable assembly |
| GB1432548A (en) * | 1972-08-02 | 1976-04-22 | Bicc Ltd | Electric cables |
| DE7422135U (en) * | 1974-06-28 | 1974-11-14 | Raychem Gmbh | Ribbon line with branch lines |
| US4066840A (en) * | 1974-06-28 | 1978-01-03 | Raychem Gmbh | Strip supply lead with branch leads and method of making same |
| FR2519797A1 (en) * | 1982-01-14 | 1983-07-18 | Labinal | Novel configuration for screened cable - uses insulating core with edge groove carrying bare conductor which is exposed to physical contact with braided screen |
| EP0272211A3 (en) * | 1986-12-18 | 1989-07-05 | Maillefer S.A. | Electrical cable, manufacturing method of this cable and installation to use the method |
| FR2663091B1 (en) * | 1990-06-08 | 1995-02-17 | Melchior Jean F | CONTROL DEVICE BY CAMSHAFT AND ROLLER EFFORT TRANSMITTERS. |
-
1988
- 1988-12-13 FR FR8816377A patent/FR2640412B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1989
- 1989-12-11 EP EP89122812A patent/EP0373553B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1989-12-11 ES ES89122812T patent/ES2045368T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1989-12-11 DE DE89122812T patent/DE68909192T2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1989-12-12 US US07/449,212 patent/US4967040A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US4967040A (en) | 1990-10-30 |
| ES2045368T3 (en) | 1994-01-16 |
| FR2640412A1 (en) | 1990-06-15 |
| EP0373553A1 (en) | 1990-06-20 |
| DE68909192T2 (en) | 1994-01-13 |
| DE68909192D1 (en) | 1993-10-21 |
| FR2640412B1 (en) | 1991-01-04 |
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