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EP0353442A2 - Method and boring ram for laying service lines without excavation - Google Patents

Method and boring ram for laying service lines without excavation Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0353442A2
EP0353442A2 EP89111259A EP89111259A EP0353442A2 EP 0353442 A2 EP0353442 A2 EP 0353442A2 EP 89111259 A EP89111259 A EP 89111259A EP 89111259 A EP89111259 A EP 89111259A EP 0353442 A2 EP0353442 A2 EP 0353442A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
boring machine
ram boring
ram
old
ground
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP89111259A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0353442A3 (en
EP0353442B1 (en
Inventor
Alfons Dipl.-Ing. Hesse
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Individual
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Publication of EP0353442A3 publication Critical patent/EP0353442A3/en
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
    • E21B7/28—Enlarging drilled holes, e.g. by counterboring
    • E21B7/30—Enlarging drilled holes, e.g. by counterboring without earth removal
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B4/00—Drives for drilling, used in the borehole
    • E21B4/06—Down-hole impacting means, e.g. hammers
    • E21B4/14—Fluid operated hammers
    • E21B4/145—Fluid operated hammers of the self propelled-type, e.g. with a reverse mode to retract the device from the hole
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B4/00—Drives for drilling, used in the borehole
    • E21B4/16—Plural down-hole drives, e.g. for combined percussion and rotary drilling; Drives for multi-bit drilling units

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method and a ram boring machine for trenchless laying of supply lines in the ground by means of a ram boring machine.
  • a pneumatically driven ram boring machine with a percussion tip held in a cylindrical housing and a percussion piston moved to and fro in the housing is known from the German patent specification 21 57 259.
  • the self-steering piston of this device periodically hits the moving tip of the ram. Under the influence of the ramming impacts, the impact tip, which is supported by a compression spring on the device housing, oscillates into the ground and finally pulls the housing when its stroke is exhausted.
  • Such ram boring machines are primarily used to lay supply lines such as water pipes, electrical lines or telephone lines or cables under streets or sidewalks without having to tear open the pavement or sidewalks at the same time.
  • supply lines such as water pipes, electrical lines or telephone lines or cables under streets or sidewalks without having to tear open the pavement or sidewalks at the same time.
  • a ram boring machine can therefore be connected at the rear end to a coupling for fastening a pulling tube; alternatively, a pipe to be laid can also be pulled into the earth channel by means of a pull cable of the ram boring machine.
  • German patent specification 28 24 915 it is known to use such ram boring machines for the destructive replacement of old lines, for example a cast iron pipe or a clay pipe.
  • the percussion tip of the device is provided with blades or percussion knives pointing radially outwards. With the forward movement of the hammer tip of the ram boring machine, the cutting edges blow up the wall of the old pipe, but the debris remains in the ground.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a method and a ram boring machine for performing the method fen, which allow an old supply line already in the ground to be replaced without the above-mentioned disadvantages and without having to tear up the ground, and to lay a new supply line in a precise or precise position.
  • this object is achieved procedurally in that the ram boring machine is guided on an old pipe lying in the ground. Because the ram boring machine thus runs along the old line as if it were a rail or is guided by it, the old line that was carefully inserted into the ground when it was laid can be used as a guiding guide for the ram boring machine when laying a new line.
  • One or - if the ram boring machine is equipped with an appropriate adapter - several new lines can be laid parallel to the old line, possibly at different heights.
  • the old line can be replaced by a new, larger one without the old line having to be destroyed and the debris remaining in the ground. Because the ram boring machine can simultaneously pull a protective pipe enclosing the old pipe into the ground with the advance, so that after the protective pipe has been inserted, the exposed old pipe only needs to be pulled out of the protective pipe and replaced with a new one.
  • a ram boring machine suitable for carrying out the method according to the invention can be provided with a guide bore extending axially through the device housing.
  • the ram boring machine pushed onto the supply line thus slides over the old line running centrally through the device housing and leading the ram boring machine.
  • the percussion piston can be designed as a hollow piston, ie with a central recess corresponding to the guide bore.
  • a hollow piston of large diameter which is adapted to the inside diameter of the housing, two or more correspondingly smaller percussion pistons can thus be used.
  • the guide bore can advantageously be arranged in a guide shoe that can be coupled to the old line.
  • the guide shoe which extends radially to the device housing, surrounds the old pipe with some clearance to the surface of the old pipe, the sliding of the guide hole on the old pipe, which does not hinder the propulsion of the ram drilling device, can be achieved without impairing the guiding of the ram drilling device along the old pipe.
  • the guide piece can connect at least two device housings arranged axially next to one another and have a guide bore surrounding the supply line. In this way, two or more devices can be bundled into one tunneling unit and a number of new lines corresponding to the number of devices can be introduced into the ground in one operation. For the jacking unit there is a central guide due to the old pipe running through the pilot hole. If the guide piece or the adapter has a connecting piece arranged coaxially to the guide bore, a protective tube can be attached to it and thus at the same time a protective tube enclosing the old line can also be drawn into the ground.
  • a coupling socket is advantageously located at the rear end of the device housing.
  • a protective tube can be opened connect this way to the ram boring machine and bring it into the ground as a pull-down pipe in one operation.
  • a thickening of the rear end of the housing advantageously enables the soil to expand, which is particularly useful when new lines with a large diameter are to be laid.
  • a lubricant can be introduced into the gap between the old supply line and the ram boring machine and thus considerably reduce the friction.
  • the mouth of the bore can advantageously be designed as an introduction funnel provided with dirt wipers.
  • the insertion funnel tapering against the direction of advance prevents, without destroying the outer surface of the old pipe, that dirt falling into the earth hole during the driving of the ram boring machine gets into the gap between the pilot hole of the ram boring machine and the surface of the old pipe.
  • the ram boring machine 1 consists of a housing 2 with a self-controlling percussion piston, not shown, and is supplied with compressed air via a line 3.
  • a striking tip 4 is mounted in the front part of the housing 2.
  • Extending through an axial guide bore 5 of the ram boring machine 1 is an old line 6 laid in the ground, which leads the ram boring machine 1 moving forward in the driving direction 7 under the blows of the percussion piston; the percussion piston is provided with a central bore adapted to the guide bore 5, i.e. designed as a hollow or ring piston.
  • the ram boring machine 1 has at its rear end a connecting piece 8 for fastening a protective tube 9, which is thus drawn into the ground as a pulling tube during the machine advance.
  • the ram boring machine 1 To replace the old line 6 with a larger diameter new line, not shown, the ram boring machine 1 only needs to be pushed onto the free end of the old line 6 from a starting pit and then slides over or on the old line 6 during propulsion, which is thus as it were Rail takes the lead of the ram boring machine 1 in the direction of advance 7. Because at the same time Protective tube 9 is drawn into the ground, the old line 6 initially remains in the protective tube 9 and can be pulled out of the protective tube 9 after the insertion of the full length of the protective tube, ie after the ram boring machine 1 has reached the target pit, and exchanged for a new line. However, the protective tube can also serve as a supply line.
  • a conventional, i.e. A ram boring device 101 not provided with an axial guide bore has a radial guide shoe 10 which is provided with a cylindrical receptacle 11 having a guide bore 105 for guiding the ram boring device 101 on the old line 106.
  • the end face 12 of the guide shoe 10 pointing in the direction of advance is designed as a wedge to reduce the ground resistance; for the same reason, the receptacle 11 can be provided with a tip pointing in the direction of advance, similar to the impact tip 4 of the ram boring machine 1.
  • twin impact pistons 15, 16 arranged in two working spaces 13, 14 running parallel to the axial guide bore 205; these move the ram boring machine 201 sliding on the supply line 206 and guided by it in the direction of advance 207.
  • the compressed air is supplied to the percussion pistons 15, 16 via hose connections 17, 18 from a pressure medium source, not shown.
  • the rear end of the device housing 202 consists of a coupling socket 19 receiving a protective tube 209, which also has a jacket thickening 20, ie is larger than the diameter of the device housing 202.
  • the jacket thickening 20 runs in the opposite direction the direction of advance 7, thus conical to the outside and in this way serves to widen the earth channel produced by the ram boring machine 201.
  • the ram boring machine 201 has a conical insertion funnel 22 provided with dirt wipers 21 as the mouth of the axial guide bore 205.
  • at least one lubricant line 23 leads from the rear end to the axial guide bore 205.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)
  • Excavating Of Shafts Or Tunnels (AREA)

Abstract

In a method for laying service lines in the ground without excavation by means of a boring ram (1, 101, 201), old lines (6, 106, 206) lying in the ground are replaced with new service lines without having to rip up the ground or destroy the old line (6, 106, 206) in the ground, and it is possible to lay the new line accurately in a precise position when the boring ram (1, 101, 201) has a guiding bore (5, 105, 205) extending axially through the ram housing (2) and is guided on the old line (6, 106, 206). …<IMAGE>…

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren und ein Rammbohrgerät zum grabenlosen Verlegen von Versorgungsleitungen im Erd­reich mittels eines Rammbohrgerätes.The invention relates to a method and a ram boring machine for trenchless laying of supply lines in the ground by means of a ram boring machine.

Ein pneumatisch angetriebenes Rammbohrgerät mit einer in einem zylindrischen Gehäuse gehaltenen Schlagspitze und ei­nem in dem Gehäuse hin- und hergehend bewegten Schlagkolben ist aus der deutschen Patentschrift 21 57 259 bekannt. Der selbststeuernde Kolben dieses Geräts übt periodisch Ramm­schläge auf die bewegliche Schlagspitze aus. Unter dem Ein­fluß der Rammschläge bewegt sich die über eine Druckfeder am Gerätegehäuse abgestützte Schlagspitze oszillierend in das Erdreich hinein und zieht schließlich, wenn ihr Hub ausgeschöpft ist, das Gehäuse nach.A pneumatically driven ram boring machine with a percussion tip held in a cylindrical housing and a percussion piston moved to and fro in the housing is known from the German patent specification 21 57 259. The self-steering piston of this device periodically hits the moving tip of the ram. Under the influence of the ramming impacts, the impact tip, which is supported by a compression spring on the device housing, oscillates into the ground and finally pulls the housing when its stroke is exhausted.

Derartige Rammbohrgeräte dienen in erster Linie dazu, Ver­sorgungsleitungen wie beispielsweise Wasserleitungen, elek­trische Leitungen oder Telefonleitungen bzw. -kabel unter Straßen oder Bürgersteigen zu verlegen, ohne gleichzeitig die Straßendecke oder die Bürgersteige aufreißen zu müssen. Wenn sich das Rammbohrgerät durch das Erdreich bewegt, verdrängt es das Erdreich nach der Seite und hinterläßt einen Erdkanal, in den sich gleichzeitig oder später eine Versorgungsleitung einziehen läßt. Ein solches Rammbohrge­rät kann daher am rückwärtigen Ende mit einer Kupplung zum Befestigen eines Nachziehrohrs verbunden sein; alternativ läßt sich ein zu verlegendes Rohr auch mittels eines Zug­seils des Rammbohrgerätes in den Erdkanal einziehen.Such ram boring machines are primarily used to lay supply lines such as water pipes, electrical lines or telephone lines or cables under streets or sidewalks without having to tear open the pavement or sidewalks at the same time. As the ram drill moves through the soil, it pushes the soil to the side and leaves it behind an earth channel into which a supply line can be pulled in simultaneously or later. Such a ram boring machine can therefore be connected at the rear end to a coupling for fastening a pulling tube; alternatively, a pipe to be laid can also be pulled into the earth channel by means of a pull cable of the ram boring machine.

Aus der deutschen Patentschrift 28 24 915 ist es bekannt, derartige Rammbohrgeräte zum zerstörenden Ersetzen von Alt­leitungen, beispielsweise eines Gußeisen- oder eines Ton­rohrs, zu verwenden. Dazu ist die Schlagspitze des Gerätes mit radial nach außen weisenden Schneiden oder Schlagmes­sern versehen. Mit der Vorwärtsbewegung der Schlagspitze des Rammbohrgerätes sprengen die Schneidkanten die Wandung der Altleitung, wobei die Trümmer allerdings im Erdreich verbleiben.From German patent specification 28 24 915 it is known to use such ram boring machines for the destructive replacement of old lines, for example a cast iron pipe or a clay pipe. For this purpose, the percussion tip of the device is provided with blades or percussion knives pointing radially outwards. With the forward movement of the hammer tip of the ram boring machine, the cutting edges blow up the wall of the old pipe, but the debris remains in the ground.

Obwohl die Schlagspitze während der Vorwärtsbewegung auch Steine oder andere Bodenhindernisse zertrümmert oder zur Seite drückt, läßt es sich nicht immer vermeiden, daß das Rammbohrgerät aus der gewollten Richtung läuft, wenn es auf ein Hindernis trifft. Derartige Richtungsabweichungen sind für kurze Erdbohrungen, wie beispielsweise beim Unterqueren von Straßen und Bahndämmen nur von untergeordneter Bedeu­tung, führen aber dann zu erheblichen Schwierigkeiten, wenn richtungsgenaue, präzise Erdbohrungen über große Distanzen erstellt werden sollen. Um die Vortriebsrichtung des Ramm­bohrgerätes bei über lange Strecken reichenden Erdbohrungen kontrollieren zu können, werden deshalb in Abständen Ziel­gruben ausgehoben.Although the striking tip also shatters stones or other ground obstacles or pushes them to the side during the forward movement, it cannot always be avoided that the ram boring machine runs out of the intended direction when it encounters an obstacle. Such deviations in direction are only of minor importance for short earth bores, such as when crossing streets and embankments, but lead to considerable difficulties when precise, precise earth bores are to be drilled over large distances. In order to be able to control the direction of advance of the ram boring machine in the case of long-distance earth bores, target pits are dug at intervals.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Verfahren und ein Rammbohrgerät zur Durchführung des Verfahrens zu schaf­ fen, die es erlauben, eine alte, bereits im Erdreich liegen­de Versorgungsleitung ohne die vorgenannten Nachteile und ohne das Erdreich aufreißen zu müssen, auszutauschen, und eine neue Versorgungsleitung lage- bzw. zielgenau zu verle­gen.The invention has for its object to provide a method and a ram boring machine for performing the method fen, which allow an old supply line already in the ground to be replaced without the above-mentioned disadvantages and without having to tear up the ground, and to lay a new supply line in a precise or precise position.

Nach der Erfindung wird diese Aufgabe verfahrensmäßig da­durch gelöst, daß das Rammbohrgerät auf einer im Erdreich liegenden Altleitung geführt wird. Dadurch daß das Rammbohr­gerät somit an der Altleitung gleichsam als Schiene entlang läuft bzw. von dieser geführt wird, läßt sich die bei seiner Verlegung mit großer Sorgfalt ins Erdreich einge­brachte Altleitung als richtunggebender Führungsstrang für das Rammbohrgerät beim Verlegen einer Neuleitung heranzie­hen. Eine oder - wenn das Rammbohrgerät mit einem entspre­chenden Adapter versehen ist - mehrere neue Leitungen las­sen sich parallel, gegebenenfalls in unterschiedlichen Hö­henlagen, zu der Altleitung verlegen. Dabei läßt sich die Altleitung durch eine neue, größere ersetzen, ohne daß die Altleitung zerstört werden muß und deren Trümmer im Erd­reich verbleiben. Denn das Rammbohrgerät kann gleichzeitig mit dem Vortrieb ein die Altleitung umschließendes Schutz­rohr in das Erdreich einziehen, so daß nach dem Einbringen des Schutzrohres die dann freiliegende Altleitung lediglich noch aus dem Schutzrohr herausgezogen und gegen eine neue ersetzt zu werden braucht.According to the invention, this object is achieved procedurally in that the ram boring machine is guided on an old pipe lying in the ground. Because the ram boring machine thus runs along the old line as if it were a rail or is guided by it, the old line that was carefully inserted into the ground when it was laid can be used as a guiding guide for the ram boring machine when laying a new line. One or - if the ram boring machine is equipped with an appropriate adapter - several new lines can be laid parallel to the old line, possibly at different heights. The old line can be replaced by a new, larger one without the old line having to be destroyed and the debris remaining in the ground. Because the ram boring machine can simultaneously pull a protective pipe enclosing the old pipe into the ground with the advance, so that after the protective pipe has been inserted, the exposed old pipe only needs to be pulled out of the protective pipe and replaced with a new one.

Ein zur Durchführung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren geeig­netes Rammbohrgerät kann mit einer sich axial durch das Gerätegehäuse erstreckenden Leitbohrung versehen sein. Das auf die Versorgungsleitung aufgeschobene Rammbohrgerät glei­tet somit über die mittig durch das Gerätegehäuse verlaufen­de und das Rammbohrgerät führende Altleitung. Bei einem derartigen Rammbohrgerät kann der Schlagkolben als Hohlkol­ben, d.h. mit einer der Leitbohrung entsprechenden zentri­schen Ausnehmung ausgebildet sein. Es empfiehlt sich je­doch, außerhalb der Leitbohrung zumindest zwei Schlagkolben in dem Gerätegehäuse anzuordnen. Anstelle eines dem Innen­durchmesser des Gehäuses angepaßten, im Durchmesser großen Hohlkolbens lassen sich somit zwei oder mehrere, entspre­chend kleiner bemessende Schlagkolben verwenden. Vorteil­haft kann die Leitbohrung in einem an die Altleitung kuppel­baren Leitschuh angeordnet sein. Wenn der sich radial zum Gerätegehäuse erstreckende Leitschuh mit einer Leitbohrung die Altleitung mit etwas Spiel zu deren Oberfläche um­schließt, läßt sich ein den Vortrieb des Rammbohrgerätes nicht behinderndes Gleiten der Leitbohrung auf der Altlei­tung erreichen, ohne dabei die Führung des Rammbohrgerätes entlang der Altleitung zu beeinträchtigen.A ram boring machine suitable for carrying out the method according to the invention can be provided with a guide bore extending axially through the device housing. The ram boring machine pushed onto the supply line thus slides over the old line running centrally through the device housing and leading the ram boring machine. At a Such a ram drilling device, the percussion piston can be designed as a hollow piston, ie with a central recess corresponding to the guide bore. However, it is advisable to arrange at least two percussion pistons in the device housing outside the guide bore. Instead of a hollow piston of large diameter, which is adapted to the inside diameter of the housing, two or more correspondingly smaller percussion pistons can thus be used. The guide bore can advantageously be arranged in a guide shoe that can be coupled to the old line. If the guide shoe, which extends radially to the device housing, surrounds the old pipe with some clearance to the surface of the old pipe, the sliding of the guide hole on the old pipe, which does not hinder the propulsion of the ram drilling device, can be achieved without impairing the guiding of the ram drilling device along the old pipe.

Das Führungsstück kann zumindest zwei axial nebeneinander angeordnete Gerätegehäuse verbinden und eine die Versor­gungsleitung umschließende Leitbohrung aufweisen. Auf diese Weise können zwei oder mehr Geräte zu einer Vortriebsein­heit gebündelt und eine der Gerätezahl entsprechende Anzahl Neuleitungen in einem Arbeitsgang in das Erdreich einge­bracht werden. Für die Vortriebseinheit ergibt sich eine zentrale Führung aufgrund der durch die Leitbohrung verlau­fenden Altleitung. Sofern das Führungsstück bzw. der Adap­ter einen koaxial zur Leitbohrung angeordneten Anschlußstut­zen besitzt, läßt sich daran ein Schutzrohr befestigen und somit gleichzeitig auch ein die Altleitung umschließendes Schutzrohr in das Erdreich einziehen.The guide piece can connect at least two device housings arranged axially next to one another and have a guide bore surrounding the supply line. In this way, two or more devices can be bundled into one tunneling unit and a number of new lines corresponding to the number of devices can be introduced into the ground in one operation. For the jacking unit there is a central guide due to the old pipe running through the pilot hole. If the guide piece or the adapter has a connecting piece arranged coaxially to the guide bore, a protective tube can be attached to it and thus at the same time a protective tube enclosing the old line can also be drawn into the ground.

Vorteilhaft befindet sich am rückwärtigen Ende des Gerätege­häuses ein Kupplungsstutzen. Ein Schutzrohr läßt sich auf diese Weise mit dem Rammbohrgerät verbinden und in einem Arbeitsgang als Nachziehrohr in das Erdreich einbringen. Eine Verdickung des rückwärtigen Gehäuseendes ermöglicht hierbei vorteilhaft ein Aufweiten des Erdreichs, was insbe­sondere dann nützlich ist, wenn Neuleitungen mit großem Durchmesser verlegt werden sollen.A coupling socket is advantageously located at the rear end of the device housing. A protective tube can be opened connect this way to the ram boring machine and bring it into the ground as a pull-down pipe in one operation. A thickening of the rear end of the housing advantageously enables the soil to expand, which is particularly useful when new lines with a large diameter are to be laid.

Wenn zumindest eine Schmiermittelleitung zu der Leitbohrung führt, läßt sich ein Schmiermittel in den Spalt zwischen der alten Versorgungsleitung und dem Rammbohrgerät einbrin­gen und damit die Reibung erheblich verringern.If at least one lubricant line leads to the pilot hole, a lubricant can be introduced into the gap between the old supply line and the ram boring machine and thus considerably reduce the friction.

Die Mündung der Bohrung kann vorteilhaft als mit Schmutzab­streifern versehener Einführungstrichter ausgebildet sein. Der sich entgegen der Vortriebsrichtung verjüngende Einfüh­rungstrichter verhindert, ohne die Mantelfläche der Altlei­tung zu zerstören, daß während des Vortriebs des Rammbohrge­rätes in die Erdbohrung fallender Schmutz in den Spalt zwischen der Leitbohrung des Rammbohrgerätes und der Ober­fläche der Altleitung gelangt.The mouth of the bore can advantageously be designed as an introduction funnel provided with dirt wipers. The insertion funnel tapering against the direction of advance prevents, without destroying the outer surface of the old pipe, that dirt falling into the earth hole during the driving of the ram boring machine gets into the gap between the pilot hole of the ram boring machine and the surface of the old pipe.

Die Erfindung wird nachfolgend anhand von in der Zeichnung dargestellten Ausführungsbeispielen des näheren erläutert. In der Zeichnung zeigen:

  • Fig. 1 in der Längsansicht ein Rammbohrgerät mit einer mittigen, eine Altleitung umschließenden Leitboh­rung;
  • Fig. 2 das Rammbohrgerät gemäß Fig. 1 von links gesehen;
  • Fig. 3 in der Vorderansicht ein über einen schwertarti­gen Leitschuh mit einer Altleitung verbundenes Rammbohrgerät;
  • Fig. 4 in der Längsansicht ein Rammbohrgerät mit zwei um eine mittige Leitbohrung herum angeordneten Schlagkolben;
  • Fig. 5 das Rammbohrgerät gemäß Fig. 4 von links gesehen; und
  • Fig. 6 einen Längsschnitt durch das vordere Ende des Rammbohrgerätes gemäß Fig. 4.
The invention is explained below with reference to exemplary embodiments shown in the drawing. The drawing shows:
  • 1 is a longitudinal view of a ram boring machine with a central guide bore surrounding an old pipe;
  • Fig. 2 seen the ram boring machine according to Fig. 1 from the left;
  • 3 shows a front view of a ram boring machine connected to an old line via a sword-like guide shoe;
  • 4 is a longitudinal view of a ram boring machine with two percussion pistons arranged around a central guide bore;
  • 5 seen the ram boring machine according to FIG. 4 from the left; and
  • 6 shows a longitudinal section through the front end of the ram boring machine according to FIG. 4.

Das Rammbohrgerät 1 gemäß Fig. 1 besteht aus einem Gehäuse 2 mit einem selbststeuernden, nicht dargestellten Schlag­kolben und wird über eine Leitung 3 mit Druckluft versorgt. Im vorderen Teil des Gehäuses 2 ist eine Schlagspitze 4 gelagert. Durch eine axiale Leitbohrung 5 des Rammbohrgerä­tes 1 erstreckt sich eine im Erdreich verlegte Altleitung 6, die das sich unter den Schlägen des Schlagkolbens in Vortriebsrichtung 7 vorwärtsbewegende Rammbohrgerät 1 führt; der Schlagkolben ist mit einer an die Leitbohrung 5 angepaßten zentrischen Bohrung versehen, d.h. als Hohl- bzw. Ringkolben ausgebildet. Das Rammbohrgerät 1 weist an seinem rückwärtigen Ende einen Anschlußstutzen 8 zum Be­festigen eines Schutzrohrs 9 auf, das somit während des Gerätevortriebs als Nachziehrohr in das Erdreich eingezogen wird.The ram boring machine 1 according to FIG. 1 consists of a housing 2 with a self-controlling percussion piston, not shown, and is supplied with compressed air via a line 3. A striking tip 4 is mounted in the front part of the housing 2. Extending through an axial guide bore 5 of the ram boring machine 1 is an old line 6 laid in the ground, which leads the ram boring machine 1 moving forward in the driving direction 7 under the blows of the percussion piston; the percussion piston is provided with a central bore adapted to the guide bore 5, i.e. designed as a hollow or ring piston. The ram boring machine 1 has at its rear end a connecting piece 8 for fastening a protective tube 9, which is thus drawn into the ground as a pulling tube during the machine advance.

Zum Ersetzen der Altleitung 6 durch eine im Durchmesser größere, nicht dargestellte Neuleitung braucht das Rammbohr­gerät 1 von einer Startgrube aus lediglich auf das freie Ende der Altleitung 6 aufgeschoben zu werden und gleitet beim Vortrieb dann über bzw. auf der Altleitung 6, die somit gleichsam als Schiene die Führung des Rammbohrgerätes 1 in der Vortriebsrichtung 7 übernimmt. Da gleichzeitig das Schutzrohr 9 in das Erdreich eingezogen wird, verbleibt die Altleitung 6 zunächst in dem Schutzrohr 9 und kann nach dem Einbringen der vollen Schutzrohrlänge, d.h. nachdem das Rammbohrgerät 1 die Zielgrube erreicht hat, aus dem Schutz­rohr 9 herausgezogen und gegen eine neue Leitung ausge­tauscht werden. Das Schutzrohr kann jedoch auch als Versor­gungsleitung dienen.To replace the old line 6 with a larger diameter new line, not shown, the ram boring machine 1 only needs to be pushed onto the free end of the old line 6 from a starting pit and then slides over or on the old line 6 during propulsion, which is thus as it were Rail takes the lead of the ram boring machine 1 in the direction of advance 7. Because at the same time Protective tube 9 is drawn into the ground, the old line 6 initially remains in the protective tube 9 and can be pulled out of the protective tube 9 after the insertion of the full length of the protective tube, ie after the ram boring machine 1 has reached the target pit, and exchanged for a new line. However, the protective tube can also serve as a supply line.

Wie in Fig. 3 dargestellt, weist ein herkömmliches, d.h. nicht mit einer axialen Leitbohrung versehenes Rammbohrge­rät 101 einen radialen Leitschuh 10 auf, der mit einer zy­lindrischen, eine Leitbohrung 105 besitzenden Aufnahme 11 zur Führung des Rammbohrgerätes 101 auf der Altleitung 106 versehen ist. Die in Vortriebsrichtung weisende Stirnseite 12 des Leitschuhs 10 ist zur Verringerung des Boden-Wider­standes als Keil ausgebildet; aus demselben Grund kann die Aufnahme 11 mit einer in Vortriebsrichtung weisenden Spit­ze, ähnlich der Schlagspitze 4 des Rammbohrgerätes 1, ver­sehen sein.As shown in Figure 3, a conventional, i.e. A ram boring device 101 not provided with an axial guide bore has a radial guide shoe 10 which is provided with a cylindrical receptacle 11 having a guide bore 105 for guiding the ram boring device 101 on the old line 106. The end face 12 of the guide shoe 10 pointing in the direction of advance is designed as a wedge to reduce the ground resistance; for the same reason, the receptacle 11 can be provided with a tip pointing in the direction of advance, similar to the impact tip 4 of the ram boring machine 1.

Bei dem in den Fig. 4 bis 6 dargestellten Rammbohrgerät 201 befinden sich in zwei parallel zu der axialen Leitbohrung 205 verlaufenden Arbeitsräumen 13, 14 hin- und herbeweglich angeordnete Zwillingsschlagkolben 15, 16; diese bewegen das auf der Versorgungsleitung 206 gleitende und von dieser geführte Rammbohrgerät 201 in Vortriebsrichtung 207. Die Druckluft wird den Schlagkolben 15, 16 über Schlauchan­schlüsse 17, 18 von einer nicht dargestellten Druckmittel­quelle zugeleitet. Das rückwärtige Ende des Gerätegehäuses 202 besteht aus einem ein Schutzrohr 209 aufnehmenden Kupp­lungsstutzen 19, der außerdem eine Mantelverdickung 20 be­sitzt, d.h. gegenüber dem Durchmesser des Gerätegehäuses 202 größer ist. Die Mantelverdickung 20 verläuft entgegen der Vortriebsrichtung 7, somit konisch nach außen und dient auf diese Weise zum Aufweiten des von dem Rammbohrgerät 201 hergestellten Erdkanals.In the ram boring machine 201 shown in FIGS. 4 to 6, there are twin impact pistons 15, 16 arranged in two working spaces 13, 14 running parallel to the axial guide bore 205; these move the ram boring machine 201 sliding on the supply line 206 and guided by it in the direction of advance 207. The compressed air is supplied to the percussion pistons 15, 16 via hose connections 17, 18 from a pressure medium source, not shown. The rear end of the device housing 202 consists of a coupling socket 19 receiving a protective tube 209, which also has a jacket thickening 20, ie is larger than the diameter of the device housing 202. The jacket thickening 20 runs in the opposite direction the direction of advance 7, thus conical to the outside and in this way serves to widen the earth channel produced by the ram boring machine 201.

Wie in Fig. 6 dargestellt ist, weist das Rammbohrgerät 201 als Mündung der axialen Leitbohrung 205 einen konischen, mit Schmutzabstreifern 21 versehenden Einführungstrichter 22 auf. Außerdem führt vom rückwärtigen Ende zumindest eine Schmiermittelleitung 23 zu der axialen Leitbohrung 205. Durch Zuführen von Schmiermittel in den Radialspalt 24 zwischen der Altleitung 6, 206 und der Leitbohrung 5, 205 (vgl. die Fig. 2 und 5), läßt sich somit die Reibung zwischen der Altleitung und dem Rammbohrgerät verringern.As shown in FIG. 6, the ram boring machine 201 has a conical insertion funnel 22 provided with dirt wipers 21 as the mouth of the axial guide bore 205. In addition, at least one lubricant line 23 leads from the rear end to the axial guide bore 205. By supplying lubricant into the radial gap 24 between the old line 6, 206 and the guide bore 5, 205 (cf. FIGS. 2 and 5), the Reduce friction between the old pipe and the ram boring machine.

Claims (13)

1. Verfahren zum grabenlosen Verlegen von Versorgungslei­tungen im Erdreich mittels eines Rammbohrgerätes, da­durch gekennzeichnet, daß das Rammbohrgerät auf einer im Erdreich liegenden Altleitung geführt wird.1. A method for trenchless laying of supply lines in the ground by means of a ram boring machine, characterized in that the ram boring machine is guided on an old line lying in the ground. 2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß mit dem Rammbohrgerät ein konzentrisches Nachziehrohr eingezogen wird.2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that a concentric pull tube is drawn in with the ram boring machine. 3 Verfahren nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß nach dem Einziehen des Nachziehrohrs das Altrohr aus dem Nachziehrohr herausgezogen wird.3 The method according to claim 2, characterized in that after the pulling in of the pulling pipe, the old pipe is pulled out of the pulling pipe. 4. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß mit dem Rammbohrgerät mehrere Nachziehrohre eingezogen werden.4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that several pulling tubes are drawn in with the ram boring machine. 5. Rammbohrgerät zur Durchführung des Verfahrens nach den Ansprüchen 1 bis 4, gekennzeichnet durch eine sich axial durch das Gerätegehäuse (1, 201) erstreckende Leitbohrung (5, 205).5. ram boring machine for performing the method according to claims 1 to 4, characterized by an axially extending through the device housing (1, 201) guide bore (5, 205). 6. Rammbohrgerät nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Leitbohrung (105) in einem an die Altleitung (106) ankuppelbaren Leitschuh (10) angeordnet ist.6. A ram boring machine according to claim 5, characterized in that the guide bore (105) is arranged in a guide shoe (10) which can be coupled to the old line (106). 7. Rammbohrgerät nach Anspruch 5 oder 6, dadurch gekenn­zeichnet, daß der Leitschuh (10) zumindest zwei neben­einander angeordnete Gehäuse (2, 102, 202) verbindet und eine die Versorgungsleitung (6, 106, 206) um­schließende Leitbohrung (5, 205) aufweist.7. A ram boring machine according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that the guide shoe (10) connects at least two housings (2, 102, 202) arranged next to one another and has a guide bore (5, 205) surrounding the supply line (6, 106, 206) . 8. Rammbohrgerät nach Anspruch 5 oder 6, gekennzeichnet durch zumindest zwei außerhalb der Leitbohrung (205) im Gerätegehäuse (202) angeordnete Schlagkolben (15, 16).8. A ram boring machine according to claim 5 or 6, characterized by at least two percussion pistons (15, 16) arranged outside the guide bore (205) in the device housing (202). 9. Rammbohrgerät nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 5 bis 8, gekennzeichnet durch einen Kupplungsstutzen (8, 19) am rückwärtigen Ende des Gerätegehäuses (2, 102, 202).9. ram boring machine according to one or more of claims 5 to 8, characterized by a coupling socket (8, 19) at the rear end of the device housing (2, 102, 202). 10. Rammbohrgerät nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 5 bis 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß zumindest eine Schmiermittelleitung (23) zu der Leitbohrung (5, 105, 205) führt.10. A ram boring machine according to one or more of claims 5 to 9, characterized in that at least one lubricant line (23) leads to the guide bore (5, 105, 205). 11. Rammbohrgerät nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 5 bis 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Mündung der Leitbohrung (5, 105, 205) als Einführungstrichter (22) ausgebildet ist.11. A ram boring machine according to one or more of claims 5 to 10, characterized in that the mouth of the guide bore (5, 105, 205) is designed as an insertion funnel (22). 12. Rammbohrgerät nach Anspruch 11, dadurch gekennzeich­net, daß der Einführungstrichter (22) mit mindestens einem Schmutzabstreifer (21) versehen ist.12. A ram boring machine according to claim 11, characterized in that the introduction funnel (22) is provided with at least one dirt scraper (21). 13. Rammbohrgerät nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 5 bis 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Mantel (20) am rückwärtigen Ende des Gerätegehäuses (201) verdickt ist.13. A ram boring machine according to one or more of claims 5 to 12, characterized in that the casing (20) is thickened at the rear end of the device housing (201).
EP89111259A 1988-08-04 1989-06-21 Method and boring ram for laying service lines without excavation Expired - Lifetime EP0353442B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3826513A DE3826513A1 (en) 1988-08-04 1988-08-04 METHOD AND RAMM DRILLING DEVICE FOR THE TRENCHLESS LAYING OF SUPPLY LINES
DE3826513 1988-08-04

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EP0353442A2 true EP0353442A2 (en) 1990-02-07
EP0353442A3 EP0353442A3 (en) 1991-01-30
EP0353442B1 EP0353442B1 (en) 1994-02-02

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EP (1) EP0353442B1 (en)
JP (1) JPH0270883A (en)
DE (1) DE3826513A1 (en)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0353442A3 (en) 1991-01-30
DE3826513A1 (en) 1990-02-08
EP0353442B1 (en) 1994-02-02
US5096000A (en) 1992-03-17
DE3826513C2 (en) 1990-08-16
JPH0270883A (en) 1990-03-09

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