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EP0326492A1 - Device and method for carrying out operations and/or interventions in a well - Google Patents

Device and method for carrying out operations and/or interventions in a well Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0326492A1
EP0326492A1 EP89400227A EP89400227A EP0326492A1 EP 0326492 A1 EP0326492 A1 EP 0326492A1 EP 89400227 A EP89400227 A EP 89400227A EP 89400227 A EP89400227 A EP 89400227A EP 0326492 A1 EP0326492 A1 EP 0326492A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
casing
well
zones
connection member
instruments
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP89400227A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0326492B1 (en
Inventor
Jacques Lessi
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
IFP Energies Nouvelles IFPEN
Original Assignee
IFP Energies Nouvelles IFPEN
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
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Publication of EP0326492A1 publication Critical patent/EP0326492A1/en
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Publication of EP0326492B1 publication Critical patent/EP0326492B1/en
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Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
    • E21B43/14—Obtaining from a multiple-zone well
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B23/00—Apparatus for displacing, setting, locking, releasing or removing tools, packers or the like in boreholes or wells
    • E21B23/08—Introducing or running tools by fluid pressure, e.g. through-the-flow-line tool systems
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B23/00—Apparatus for displacing, setting, locking, releasing or removing tools, packers or the like in boreholes or wells
    • E21B23/14—Apparatus for displacing, setting, locking, releasing or removing tools, packers or the like in boreholes or wells for displacing a cable or a cable-operated tool, e.g. for logging or perforating operations in deviated wells
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
    • E21B47/06—Measuring temperature or pressure
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
    • E21B47/10—Locating fluid leaks, intrusions or movements

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method and a device for carrying out operations and / or interventions in a well drilled in geological oil or gas formations, in particular a horizontal well.
  • the invention is particularly adapted to the evolutionary exploitation of geological formations, and allows measurements of flow, temperature, pressure, etc. which can be carried out on the effluents of each of the formations in production.
  • the invention is particularly advantageous because of the speed of implementation of the device and of the method according to the invention, since it does not exclude certain types of work, such as those using the technique working with the cable called "wire line", which one might have to do during production.
  • the invention also makes it possible to control tools placed at the bottom of a well, these tools being able for example to be valves controlling the selective production of geological formation.
  • Orders for tools or measurements with the method or device according to the invention are particularly advantageous because of the speed of their implementation (from inside the casing) and the full possibilities of maneuvering the casing (rotation , advance, dismantling %) which is not hampered by fixed or peripheral lines as commonly used.
  • the invention advantageously applies to the production of horizontal wells. Indeed, particularly in oil drilling, the production of a well causes a displacement of the various layers of liquids in the production area, called the cone effect (in English "coning"). In production in horizontal wells, the arrival of undesirable liquids, such as water, is generally carried out irregularly along the well, so much so that a large part of sought liquid, such as oil, n is not extracted from training.
  • the invention provides a method for carrying out operations and / or interventions, such as measurements, in a well comprising a casing with a diameter inside that of the well, the well being drilled in geological formations and comprising at least two zones. separate production lines.
  • This method is particularly characterized in that the following steps are carried out: - each of the two well zones is equipped with at least one instrument and / or tool, suitable for carrying out the operations and / or interventions, - the tubing is fitted with a first connection member which can be used in a liquid medium, - the instruments and / or tools are connected by lines to the first connection member, - a transmission cable fitted with a second connection member adapted to be connected to the first connection member is introduced into the casing, the second connection member is moved until it cooperates with the first member, and - the operations and / or interventions are carried out by controlling the tools and / or instruments by the transmission cable.
  • the tools and / or instruments may be integral with the casing.
  • the separate zones may be fluid production zones.
  • At least one of the instruments could be adapted to measure the physical and / or chemical and / or physico-chemical characteristics of the fluids present in a production area. At least one of the tools can be adapted to modify fluids in the production area.
  • the first connection member may be placed at the lower end of the casing.
  • the zones are production zones
  • the fluids produced by these production zones can be transferred through the interior of the casing, the casing can be equipped with means allowing selective completion of the well.
  • first connection member When the first connection member is placed at the lower end of the casing, it is possible to place in the well a conduit adapted to communicate with the lower end of the casing by a hydraulic connection and / or a channel, this connection and this channel being located in above and / or below the level of the first connection member.
  • the invention further provides a device for carrying out operations and / or interventions, such as measurements, in a well comprising a casing.
  • This device is notably characterized in that the casing is of a diameter less than that of the well, this well being drilled in geological formations and comprising at least two distinct zones.
  • the device further comprises in its interior a first connection member usable in liquid medium, the first member being connected by lines to at least one instrument and / or tool arranged in each of the zones, the first connection member being adapted to cooperate with a second connection member connected by a transmission cable to the surface of the ground, the casing being adapted to allow the descent of the second member from the surface and its connection with the first member.
  • the casing can hold the tools and / or instruments.
  • the casing comprises means making it possible to put these zones into communication with the interior of the casing, these means may allow selective completion of the well.
  • the first connection member may be disposed at the lower end of the casing.
  • the device may include a conduit communicating with the casing substantially at the level of the first connection member and opening onto the ground surface.
  • the well comprising a part which is strongly inclined towards the vertical, even horizontal, and equipped with a device according to the invention, is operated from the surface of the ground.
  • This well 1 comprises over a certain length a casing 2 inside which is a casing 3 and a conduit 4, which crosses geological formations for which it is desired to produce fluids.
  • Each of the production zones 30, 31, 32 communicates with zones internal to the casing 2 by orifices 13, 15, 17 respectively. This area can be communicated at will with the interior of the first casing 3 by circulation valves, such as valves with sliding sleeves 14, 16, 18 respectively.
  • valves 14, 16, 18 are normally fitted with non-return valves preventing the circulation of fluid from the casing to the formations, but we can very well remove these valves, when, for example, we want to proceed with the fracturing of an area.
  • the lower end of the conduit 4 comprises a valve 11 which can be controlled remotely, such as a sliding jacket valve similar to the valves 14, 16, 18 and making it possible to put the lower part 33 of the well 1 in communication with the casing 3 and the conduit 4, either to produce the fluids from the bottom of the well (via the conduit 4), or for the needs of normal operation of the well.
  • a valve 11 which can be controlled remotely, such as a sliding jacket valve similar to the valves 14, 16, 18 and making it possible to put the lower part 33 of the well 1 in communication with the casing 3 and the conduit 4, either to produce the fluids from the bottom of the well (via the conduit 4), or for the needs of normal operation of the well.
  • the conduit 4 connected to the casing 3 by the hydraulic connection element 12 comprises, if necessary, arranged at the required depth, a circulation pump 19 which sucks the fluid from the formations and discharges it to the ground surface through the mouth 20
  • the pump 19 can be a hydraulic, electric or mechanical pump, such as the plunger of a rod and balance pump.
  • the position of the pump 19 in the well may be located substantially below the dynamic level of training in production. According to the invention, the direction of circulation of the pump fluid can be unique and ascending.
  • the inner and lower end of the casing 3 comprises a first connection member 10 connected by electrical lines 40 to instruments and / or tools 34, 35, 36, 37 arranged in each of the production zones 30, 31, 32, 33 .
  • This first connection member 10 is adapted to cooperate with a second connection member 21 connected to the ground surface by a transmission cable 22.
  • This second connection member 21 is introduced into the casing 3 at its upper part, then is moved to the second connection member 10 to establish the cooperation of the latter.
  • the second connection member 21 may include a load bar 21a which allows the descent by gravity of this second member 21, in particular for vertical wells or slightly deviated from the vertical.
  • This member 21 may also include linings adapted to cooperate with the inside of casing 3, in particular for wells that are strongly deviated from the vertical or even horizontal, or even rising, in order to provide a seal and thus move this member 21 by hydraulic pumping of the product. , either by the station 29 which is connected to the casing 3 by a pipe 28, or by the circulation pump 19 located in the duct 4.
  • the end of the casing comprises a channel 12a, located below the hydraulic connection 12 and which allows a circulation of fluid, this hydraulic connection being adapted to allow the evacuation of sludge or other sediments and also being adapted to allow the elimination of the fluid present between the first 10 and second 21 members, in particular during their connection, and thanks to a suitable section.
  • the hydraulic link 12 is also adapted to allow the damping of the inertia of the second member 21 during its connection with the first member 10.
  • the upper end of the casing 3 comprises a cable gland 23 through which the transmission cable 22 passes before being returned by two pulleys 24, 25 to the winch 26 controlled by the station 27.
  • well 1 When producing a well 1, such as that drilled in geological formations comprising hydrocarbons, well 1 is equipped with at least one casing 3 and a conduit 4 for safety reasons, so as to avoid a circulation of fluid between the casing 2 and the casing 3.
  • the second connecting member 21 when the second connecting member 21 is moved, the fluid present under it rises through the conduit 4.
  • the second connection member 10 is connected to the measuring instruments 34, 35, 36, 37 respectively, arranged in the completion zones 30, 31, 32, 33, by means of the electrical lines 38, 39, 40, 41.
  • These instruments 34, 35, 36, 37 are adapted to measure the flow of fluid passing through the valves 14, 16, 18, 11 respectively, the temperature and the pressure of the fluids in each of the completion zones 30, 31, 32, 33 respectively. It will be possible, in the same way as one performs the pressure, flow and temperature measurements, to carry out all other kinds of physical and / or chemical and / or physico-chemical measurements, such as the resistivity of the fluids of the zones of production.
  • the valves 14, 16, 18 are selectively controlled from the ground surface, either by key tools (21, 21a), or by hydraulic control. These key tools are operated with the cable for vertical or slightly deflected wells, or with hydraulic motors for wells admitting hydraulic circulation, as is practiced with the so-called T.F.L. (from the English "Through Flow Line"), or any other means, such as that of French patent application EN - 87/11 749.
  • FIG. 2 shows in detail a hydraulic valve 45 with a sliding jacket 46, 47 adapted to the selective production of a well according to the invention.
  • This valve 45 allows the exterior and interior of the casing to be placed in communication or not.
  • a hydraulic line 49 ensuring the energy source of the power elements, such as elements similar to the valve 45, communicates by a connection 50 with the valve 45.
  • distribution means such as a solenoid valve 51 , connected by an electric cable 48 to the socket 10 placed at the lower end of the casing 3 ( Figure 1).
  • This solenoid valve 45 opens and closes the communication between the hydraulic line 45 and the hydraulic thrust chamber 52 of the hydraulic sliding jacket 46.
  • the valve 45 comprises a cylindrical outer body 53 interposed in the casing 3 thanks to a female conical connector 54 and a male conical connector 55 respectively arranged at the top and at the bottom of the valve.
  • this body 53 producing the outer casing of the valve are arranged, substantially in the same plane perpendicular to the axis of the casing, four closable orifices 56 modifying the communication between the interior and the exterior of the casing.
  • the orifices 56 are closed by sliding the hydraulic jacket 46 or the safety jacket 47.
  • An extension 57 separating the liners 46 and 47, defines with the hydraulic liner 46 and the body 53 the hydraulic thrust chamber 52, and ensures the guiding of the liners 46 and 47.
  • the hydraulic jacket 46 slides between two extreme positions defined on the one hand by the cooperation of an opening stop 58 with the upper end 59 of the hydraulic jacket 46, and on the other hand by the cooperation of a heel 60 a groove 61 formed in the lower part of the hydraulic jacket 46 with the heel 62 of the key 63.
  • the key 63 is integral with the extension 57 and by cooperating with the groove 61 rotates the hydraulic jacket 46 relative to to the body 53 of the valve.
  • a return spring 64 cooperating with the lower end piece 65 of the hydraulic jacket 46 and a shoulder 66 of the extension 57, ensures the return to the rest position of the hydraulic jacket 46 when the pressure inside the chamber thrust 52 becomes less than a predetermined value.
  • this space 67 can be connected with a compensation chamber filled with a fluid that remains clean, such as oil.
  • the safety jacket 47 is controlled by a key seat 74 adapted to cooperate with the bolt of a tool circulating in the casing.
  • the upper part 75 of the valve body 53 comprises, at the level of the safety jacket 47, a chamfer 76 adapted to release the bolt.
  • the jacket 47 is positioned in rotation relative to the body 53 by means of a lug 77 integral with the extension 57 and cooperating with a groove 78 formed in the jacket 47.
  • the lower end of the valve 45 comprises a nozzle 79 fixed to the body 53 by a thread 80, the nozzle being provided with the male conical connector 55.
  • valve 45 is shown "normally open", that is to say that when the pressure of the fluid acting on the hydraulic jacket 46 is less than a determined value, the orifices arranged in the valve body do not are not obstructed by the jacket 46 due to the return force of the spring 64 which makes the opening stop 58 cooperate with the upper end 59 of the hydraulic jacket 46.
  • the thrust chamber 52 corresponds to a reservoir adapted to contain a variable mass of hydraulic fluid.
  • the orifices of the valve 45 are closed by controlling, by the electrical line 48, the opening of the distribution means 51, by putting a suitable pressure in the line 49, so as to create a flow of fluid in a first direction and thus lower the shirt 46.
  • the orifices of the valves 45 are opened by opening the distribution means 51, so as to put the thrust chamber 52 into communication with the hydraulic line and by putting a suitable pressure in the line 49, so as to create a flow of fluid in a second direction opposite to the first direction and thus raise the jacket 46, this pressure being less than the pressure for closing the orifices.
  • FIG. 3 schematically shows a device comprising hydraulic tools and / or instruments 81, 82, 83 arranged on a casing 90 placed in the well 1, the device being in particular suitable for the selective production of different zones, such as zones 30, 31 , 32, 33 in Figure 1 or 84, 85, 86 in Figure 3.
  • These tools and / or instruments may be, for example valves illustrated in Figure 2.
  • the areas 84, 85, 86 are respectively delimited by sealing elements 87-88, 88-89, 89 and the bottom of the well.
  • the device comprises a first line 91 and possibly a second hydraulic line 92, these lines being connected to the tools and / or instruments by connections 93, 94 respectively.
  • connections 93 of the first hydraulic line 91 are arranged distribution means.
  • Means for distributing the connections 93 are controlled by an electric line 95 connected to a first electrical connection member 96 disposed at the lower and inner part of the casing and adapted to cooperate with a second complementary electrical connection member connected to the surface of the ground by a transmission cable 22 ( Figure 1).
  • these means can be controlled by hydraulic control lines connected, for example, to a hydraulic control connection member.
  • the first line 91 and possibly the second hydraulic line 92 are connected to a hydraulic energy generator disposed either on the surface of the ground or in the vicinity of the tools and / or instruments.
  • the transmission cable may include an electric power line making it possible to supply a hydraulic energy generator placed in the vicinity of the tools and / or instruments.
  • the first line 91 and possibly the second hydraulic line 92 may be connected to a hydraulic connection member disposed inside the casing at its lower part, in the same way as the electric line 95 is connected to the electric connection member , this hydraulic connection member cooperating with a complementary member connected to the surface of the ground by a hydraulic pipe.
  • hydraulic and electrical connection members may be associated in the same connection member, and likewise these hydraulic and electrical lines may be associated in the same line.
  • At least two tools and / or instruments 81, 82, 83 using only a hydraulic line tools and / or instruments provided with means of reminder to return to an initial position when the pressure has decreased and distribution means are used arranged on connections 93 of the first hydraulic line 91 with the tools and / or instruments.
  • the means for distributing the second of said two tools and / or instruments or other tools and / or instruments are closed so as to reduce, or even stop, a circulation of fluid in the connection of the second tool and / or instrument, the distribution means of the first tool and / or instrument are opened so as to increase the circulation of fluid in the connection of the first tool and / or instrument, and - A pressure is put in the first hydraulic line 91 so as to create, in the connection of the first tool and / or instrument, a flow of the fluid going in a first direction.
  • the distribution means of the first tool and / or instrument are closed.
  • the distribution means of the first tool and / or instrument are opened, the pressure in the first hydraulic line is released.
  • a first hydraulic line 91 is used comprising connections 93 with the tools and / or instruments, the circulation in these connections being controlled by distribution means placed on each of these connections, and a second hydraulic line 92 comprising connections with the tools and / or instruments.
  • the distribution means of the second of said two tools and / or instruments are closed, so as to reduce or even stop, a circulation of fluid in the connections of the second tool and / or instrument : - or opens the means for distributing the first tool and / or instrument so as to increase the circulation of fluid in the connection of the first tool and / or instrument, and - One puts, in said first and / or second line, pressures adapted to create a circulation of the fluid in the connection with the first line, according to the first and / or the second direction.
  • a positive or negative pressure difference is made between the first and the second lines.

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  • Geology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geophysics (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)
  • Consolidation Of Soil By Introduction Of Solidifying Substances Into Soil (AREA)
  • Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
  • Crystals, And After-Treatments Of Crystals (AREA)
  • Steering Control In Accordance With Driving Conditions (AREA)

Abstract

- The invention relates to a device and a method for carrying out operations and/or interventions in a well which has a casing (3) and which is drilled in geological formations comprising at least two separate zones. <??>- The device according to the invention is characterised particularly in that the casing (3) possesses inside it a first connection member (10) which can be used in a liquid medium, the first member being connected by means of lines (40) to at least one instrument and/or tool (11, 14, 16, 18, 34, 35, 36, 37) arranged in each of the zones (30, 31, 32, 33), the first connection member (10) being designed to interact with a second connection member (21) connected by means of a transmission cable (22) to the surface of the ground, the casing (3) being designed to allow the second member to be lowered from the surface and to be connected to the first member. <??>- The method according to the invention makes it possible to put the device to use. <IMAGE>

Description

La présente invention concerne une méthode et un dispositif pour effectuer des opérations et/ou des interventions dans un puits foré dans des formations géologiques pétrolières ou gazières, notamment un puits horizontal.The present invention relates to a method and a device for carrying out operations and / or interventions in a well drilled in geological oil or gas formations, in particular a horizontal well.

L'invention est notamment adaptée à l'exploitation évolutive de formation géologiques, et permet les mesures de débit, de température, de pression etc... que l'on peut effecteur sur les effluents de chacune des formations en production.The invention is particularly adapted to the evolutionary exploitation of geological formations, and allows measurements of flow, temperature, pressure, etc. which can be carried out on the effluents of each of the formations in production.

Pour ce type d'usage, l'invention est particulièrement avantageuse du fait de la rapidité de mise en oeuvre du dispositif et de la méthode selon l'invention, car elle n'exclu pas certains types de travaux, tels que ceux utilisant la technique de travail au câble dite de "wire line", que l'on pourrait être amenés à faire pendant la production.For this type of use, the invention is particularly advantageous because of the speed of implementation of the device and of the method according to the invention, since it does not exclude certain types of work, such as those using the technique working with the cable called "wire line", which one might have to do during production.

L'invention permet aussi de commander des outils disposés au fond d'un puits, ces outils pouvant par exemple être des vannes commandant la production sélective de formation géologique.The invention also makes it possible to control tools placed at the bottom of a well, these tools being able for example to be valves controlling the selective production of geological formation.

Les commandes d'outils ou des mesures avec la méthode ou le dispositif selon l'invention, sont particulièrement avantageuses du fait de la rapidité de leur mise en oeuvre (par l'intérieur du tubage) et des pleines possibilités de manoeuvre du tubage (rotation, avance, démontage...) qui n'est pas gênée par des lignes fixes ou périphériques telles que couramment utilisées.Orders for tools or measurements with the method or device according to the invention are particularly advantageous because of the speed of their implementation (from inside the casing) and the full possibilities of maneuvering the casing (rotation , advance, dismantling ...) which is not hampered by fixed or peripheral lines as commonly used.

L'invention s'applique avantageusement à la production de puits horizontaux. En effet, particulièrement en forage pétrolier, la production d'un puits provoque un déplacement des différentes nappes de liquides de la zone de production, appelé effet de cône ( en anglais "coning"). En production dans des puits horizontaux, la venue de liquides indésirables, tels de l'eau, s'effectue en général irrégulièrement le long du puits, tant et si bien qu'une grosse partie de liquide recherché, tel que l'huile, n'est pas extraite des formations.The invention advantageously applies to the production of horizontal wells. Indeed, particularly in oil drilling, the production of a well causes a displacement of the various layers of liquids in the production area, called the cone effect (in English "coning"). In production in horizontal wells, the arrival of undesirable liquids, such as water, is generally carried out irregularly along the well, so much so that a large part of sought liquid, such as oil, n is not extracted from training.

Pour pallier cet inconvénient, d'une part on réalise plusieurs zones de production que l'on équipe de moyens, tels des vannes, permettant d'en régler le débit et d'autre part, on contrôle, notamment la qualité et la quantité, des fluides provenant de chacune des zones de production. Ce contrôle peut être effectué par des instruments, tels des débimètres et des instruments de mesure physique et/ou chimique des fluides, disposés par exemple le long du puits ou du tubage suivant chacune des zones de production.To overcome this drawback, on the one hand, several production zones are produced which are equipped with means, such as valves, making it possible to regulate the flow rate and, on the other hand, quality and quantity are controlled, fluids from each of the production areas. This control can be carried out by instruments, such as flow meters and instruments for physical and / or chemical measurement of fluids, arranged for example along the well or the casing according to each of the production zones.

L'invention fournit une méthode pour effectuer des opérations et/ou des interventions, telles des mesures, dans un puits comportant un tubage d'un diamètre intérieur à celui du puits, le puits étant foré dans des formations géologiques et comportant au moins deux zones de production distinctes. Cette méthode est notamment caractérisée en ce qu'on effectue les étapes suivantes :
- on équipe chacune des deux zones du puits d'au moins un instrument et/ou outil, adapté à réaliser les opérations et/ou interventions,
- on équipe le tubage d'un premier organe de connexion utilisable en milieu liquide,
- on relie par des lignes les instruments et/ou outils au premier organe de connexion,
- on introduit dans le tubage un câble de transmission équipé d'un deuxième organe de connexion adapté à venir se raccorder au premier organe de connexion,
- on déplace le deuxième organe de connexion jusqu'à ce qu'il coopère avec le premier organe, et
- on réalise les opérations et/ou interventions en commandant les outils et/ou instruments par le câble de transmission.The invention provides a method for carrying out operations and / or interventions, such as measurements, in a well comprising a casing with a diameter inside that of the well, the well being drilled in geological formations and comprising at least two zones. separate production lines. This method is particularly characterized in that the following steps are carried out:
- each of the two well zones is equipped with at least one instrument and / or tool, suitable for carrying out the operations and / or interventions,
- the tubing is fitted with a first connection member which can be used in a liquid medium,
- the instruments and / or tools are connected by lines to the first connection member,
- a transmission cable fitted with a second connection member adapted to be connected to the first connection member is introduced into the casing,
the second connection member is moved until it cooperates with the first member, and
- the operations and / or interventions are carried out by controlling the tools and / or instruments by the transmission cable.

Les outils et/ou instruments pourront être solidaires du tubage.The tools and / or instruments may be integral with the casing.

Les zones distinctes pourront être des zones de production de fluide.The separate zones may be fluid production zones.

L'un au moins des instruments pourra être adapté à mesurer les caractéristiques physiques et/ou chimiques et/ou physico-chimiques des fluides présents dans une zone de production. L'un au moins des outils pourra être adapté à modifier de fluides dans la zone de production.At least one of the instruments could be adapted to measure the physical and / or chemical and / or physico-chemical characteristics of the fluids present in a production area. At least one of the tools can be adapted to modify fluids in the production area.

On pourra disposer le premier organe de connexion à l'extrêmité inférieure du tubage.The first connection member may be placed at the lower end of the casing.

Lorsque les zones sont des zones de production, on pourra transférer les fluides produits par ces zones de production par l'intérieur du tubage, on pourra équiper le tubage de moyens permettant une complétion sélective du puits.When the zones are production zones, the fluids produced by these production zones can be transferred through the interior of the casing, the casing can be equipped with means allowing selective completion of the well.

Lorsque l'on dispose le premier organe de connexion à l'extrêmité inférieure du tubage, on pourra placer dans le puits un conduit adapté à communiquer avec l'extrêmité inférieure du tubage par une liaison hydraulique et/ou un canal, cette liaison et ce canal étant situés en dessus et/ou en dessous du niveau du premier organe de connexion.When the first connection member is placed at the lower end of the casing, it is possible to place in the well a conduit adapted to communicate with the lower end of the casing by a hydraulic connection and / or a channel, this connection and this channel being located in above and / or below the level of the first connection member.

L'invention fournit en outre un dispositif pour effectuer des opérations et/ou interventions, telles des mesures, dans un puits comportant un tubage. Ce dispositif est notamment caractérisé en ce que le tubage est d'un diamètre inférieur à celui du puits, ce puits étant foré dans des formations géologiques et comportant au moins deux zones distinctes. Le dispositif comporte en outre dans son intérieur un premier organe de connexion utilisable en milieu liquide, le premier organe étant relié par des lignes à au moins un instrument et/ou outil disposé dans chacune des zones, le premier organe de connexion étant adapté à coopérer avec un deuxième organe de connexion relié par un câble de transmission à la surface du sol, le tubage étant adapté à permettre la descente du deuxième organe depuis la surface et sa connexion avec le premier organe.The invention further provides a device for carrying out operations and / or interventions, such as measurements, in a well comprising a casing. This device is notably characterized in that the casing is of a diameter less than that of the well, this well being drilled in geological formations and comprising at least two distinct zones. The device further comprises in its interior a first connection member usable in liquid medium, the first member being connected by lines to at least one instrument and / or tool arranged in each of the zones, the first connection member being adapted to cooperate with a second connection member connected by a transmission cable to the surface of the ground, the casing being adapted to allow the descent of the second member from the surface and its connection with the first member.

Lorsque les zones sont des zones de production de fluides, le tubage pourra maintenir les outils et/ou instruments.When the zones are fluid production zones, the casing can hold the tools and / or instruments.

Lorsque les zones sont des zones de production et que le tubage comporte des moyens permettant de mettre en communication ces zones avec l'intérieur du tubage, ces moyens pourront permette une complétion sélective du puits.When the zones are production zones and the casing comprises means making it possible to put these zones into communication with the interior of the casing, these means may allow selective completion of the well.

Le premier organe de connexion pourra être disposé à l'extrêmité inférieure du tubage.The first connection member may be disposed at the lower end of the casing.

Le dispositif pourra comporter un conduit communiquant avec le tubage sensiblement au niveau du premier organe de connexion et débouchant à la surface du sol.The device may include a conduit communicating with the casing substantially at the level of the first connection member and opening onto the ground surface.

L'invention pourra être bien comprise et tous ses avantages apparaîtront clairement à la lecture de la description qui suit dont un exemple de réalisation est illustré par les figures annexées parmi lesquelles :

  • - la figure 1 représente en coupe un puits équipé du dispositif selon l'invention, au cours de l'étape précédant la connexion,
  • - la figure 2 montre en détail une vanne hydraulique sélective, à chemise coulissante utilisée dans un dispositif selon l'invention, et
  • - la figure 3 montre schématiquement un dispositif selon l'invention comportant des outils et/ou instruments hydrauliques.
The invention can be well understood and all of its advantages will become clear on reading the description which follows, an exemplary embodiment of which is illustrated by the figures appended from which:
  • FIG. 1 represents in section a well equipped with the device according to the invention, during the step preceding the connection,
  • FIG. 2 shows in detail a selective hydraulic valve, with a sliding jacket used in a device according to the invention, and
  • - Figure 3 schematically shows a device according to the invention comprising tools and / or hydraulic instruments.

Sur la figure 1 le puits, comportant une partie fortement inclinée sur la verticale, voire horizontale, et équipé d'un dispositif selon l'invention, est exploité à partir de la surface du sol. Ce puits 1 comporte sur une certaine longueur un cuvelage 2 à l'intérieur duquel se trouve un tubage 3 et un conduit 4, qui traverse des formations géologiques dont on veut produire des fluides.In FIG. 1, the well, comprising a part which is strongly inclined towards the vertical, even horizontal, and equipped with a device according to the invention, is operated from the surface of the ground. This well 1 comprises over a certain length a casing 2 inside which is a casing 3 and a conduit 4, which crosses geological formations for which it is desired to produce fluids.

De manière à produire sélectivement des fluides des formations géologiques, suivant des zones dites de production 30, 31, 32, 33, on dispose, d'une part, entre le cuvelage 2 et les formations des moyens d'étanchéité 7, 8, 9 du type packer et, d'autre part, entre le cuvelage 2 et le premier tubage 3 et le conduit 4 des moyens d'étanchéité internes au cuvelage. Ces moyens internes 6a, 7a, 8a, 9a sont situés respectivement sensiblement au droit des joints les 7, 8, 9 et sont par exemple du type packer double.So as to selectively produce fluids from geological formations, according to so-called production zones 30, 31, 32, 33, there is, on the one hand, between the casing 2 and the formations of the sealing means 7, 8, 9 of the packer type and, on the other hand, between the casing 2 and the first casing 3 and the conduit 4 of the sealing means internal to the casing. These internal means 6a, 7a, 8a, 9a are located respectively substantially at the level of the seals 7, 8, 9 and are for example of the double packer type.

Chacune des zones de production 30, 31, 32 communique avec des zones intérieures au cuvelage 2 par des orifices 13, 15, 17 respectivement. On peut faire communiquer cette zone à volonté avec l'intérieur du premier tubage 3 par des vannes de circulation, telles des vannes à chemises coulissantes 14, 16, 18 respectivement.Each of the production zones 30, 31, 32 communicates with zones internal to the casing 2 by orifices 13, 15, 17 respectively. This area can be communicated at will with the interior of the first casing 3 by circulation valves, such as valves with sliding sleeves 14, 16, 18 respectively.

En production, les vannes 14, 16, 18 sont normalement dotées de clapets anti-retour empêchant la circulation de fluide du tubage vers les formations, mais on pourra très bien supprimer ces clapets, lorsque, par exemple, on voudra procéder à la fracturation d'une zone.In production, valves 14, 16, 18 are normally fitted with non-return valves preventing the circulation of fluid from the casing to the formations, but we can very well remove these valves, when, for example, we want to proceed with the fracturing of an area.

L'extrémité inférieure du conduit 4, comportent une vanne 11 pouvant être commandée à distance, telle qu'une vanne à chemise coulissante semblable aux vannes 14, 16, 18 et permettant de mettre en communication la partie inférieure 33 du puits 1 avec le tubage 3 et le conduit 4, soit pour produire les fluides du fond du puits (par le conduit 4), soit pour les besoins de l'exploitation normale du puits.The lower end of the conduit 4 comprises a valve 11 which can be controlled remotely, such as a sliding jacket valve similar to the valves 14, 16, 18 and making it possible to put the lower part 33 of the well 1 in communication with the casing 3 and the conduit 4, either to produce the fluids from the bottom of the well (via the conduit 4), or for the needs of normal operation of the well.

Le conduit 4 relié au tubage 3 par l'élément de liaison hydraulique 12 comporte, si besoin est, disposée à la profondeur requise, une pompe 19 de circulation qui aspire le fluide des formations et le refoule à la surface du sol par la bouche 20. La pompe 19 peut être une pompe hydraulique, electrique ou mécanique, telle le plongeur d'une pompe à tige et balancier. La position de la pompe 19 dans le puits pourra être située sensiblement au dessous du niveau dynamique d'une formation en production. Selon l'invention le sens de circulation du fluide de la pompe peut être unique et ascendant.The conduit 4 connected to the casing 3 by the hydraulic connection element 12 comprises, if necessary, arranged at the required depth, a circulation pump 19 which sucks the fluid from the formations and discharges it to the ground surface through the mouth 20 The pump 19 can be a hydraulic, electric or mechanical pump, such as the plunger of a rod and balance pump. The position of the pump 19 in the well may be located substantially below the dynamic level of training in production. According to the invention, the direction of circulation of the pump fluid can be unique and ascending.

L'extrémité intérieure et inférieure du tubage 3 comporte un premier organe de connexion 10 relié par des lignes électriques 40 à des instruments et/ou outils 34, 35, 36, 37 disposés dans chacunes des zones de production 30, 31, 32, 33.The inner and lower end of the casing 3 comprises a first connection member 10 connected by electrical lines 40 to instruments and / or tools 34, 35, 36, 37 arranged in each of the production zones 30, 31, 32, 33 .

Ce premier organe de connexion 10 est adapté à coopérer avec un deuxième organe de connexion 21 relié à la surface du sol par un câble de transmission 22. Ce deuxième organe de connexion 21 est introduit dans le tubage 3 à sa partie supérieure, puis est déplacé jusqu'au deuxième organe de connexion 10 pour établir la coopération de ces derniers.This first connection member 10 is adapted to cooperate with a second connection member 21 connected to the ground surface by a transmission cable 22. This second connection member 21 is introduced into the casing 3 at its upper part, then is moved to the second connection member 10 to establish the cooperation of the latter.

Le deuxième organe de connexion 21 peut comporter une barre de charge 21a qui permet la descente par gravité du ce deuxième organe 21, notamment pour les puits verticaux ou faiblement déviés de la verticale. Cet organe 21 peut aussi comporter des garnitures adaptées à coopérer avec l'intérieur de tubage 3, notamment pour les puits fortement déviés de la verticale voir horizontaux ou encore remontant, afin de réaliser une étanchéité et ainsi mouvoir cet organe 21 par un pompage hydraulique produit, soit par la station 29 qui est reliée au tubage 3 par une canalisation 28, soit par la pompe de circulation 19 située dans le conduit 4.The second connection member 21 may include a load bar 21a which allows the descent by gravity of this second member 21, in particular for vertical wells or slightly deviated from the vertical. This member 21 may also include linings adapted to cooperate with the inside of casing 3, in particular for wells that are strongly deviated from the vertical or even horizontal, or even rising, in order to provide a seal and thus move this member 21 by hydraulic pumping of the product. , either by the station 29 which is connected to the casing 3 by a pipe 28, or by the circulation pump 19 located in the duct 4.

L'extrémité du tubage comporte un canal 12a, situé en dessous de la liaison hydraulique 12 et qui permet une circulation de fluide, cette liaison hydraulique étant adaptée à permettre l'évacuation des boues ou autres sédiments et étant également adaptée à permettre l'élimination du fluide présent entre les premier 10 et deuxième 21 organes, notamment lors de leur connexion, et grâce à une section convenable. La liaison hydraulique 12 est aussi adaptée à permettre l'amortissement de l'inertie du deuxième organe 21 au cours de sa connexion avec le premier organe 10.The end of the casing comprises a channel 12a, located below the hydraulic connection 12 and which allows a circulation of fluid, this hydraulic connection being adapted to allow the evacuation of sludge or other sediments and also being adapted to allow the elimination of the fluid present between the first 10 and second 21 members, in particular during their connection, and thanks to a suitable section. The hydraulic link 12 is also adapted to allow the damping of the inertia of the second member 21 during its connection with the first member 10.

Pour réaliser la descente du deuxième organe 21 de connexion par un pompage hydraulique d'un fluide, tel une huile dégazée, l'extrêmité supérieure du tubage 3 comporte un presse-étoupe 23 au travers duquel passe le câble de transmission 22 avant d'être renvoyé par deux poulies 24, 25 vers le treuil 26 commandé par le poste 27.To lower the second connection member 21 by hydraulic pumping of a fluid, such as a degassed oil, the upper end of the casing 3 comprises a cable gland 23 through which the transmission cable 22 passes before being returned by two pulleys 24, 25 to the winch 26 controlled by the station 27.

Lorsque l'on effectue la production d'un puits 1, tel celui foré dans des formations géologiques comportant des hydrocarbures, le puits 1 est équipé d'au moins un tubage 3 et un conduit 4 pour des raisons de sécurité, de manière à éviter une circulation de fluide entre le cuvelage 2 et le tubage 3. Ainsi, lorsque l'on déplace le deuxième organe 21 de connexion, le fluide présent sous celui-ci remonte par le conduit 4. On ne sortira pas du cadre de l'invention, notamment lors de la production à partir d'un puits, en reliant la liaison hydraulique 12 à l'espace annulaire situé entre le tubage 3 et le cuvelage 2 et en supprimant le conduit 4.When producing a well 1, such as that drilled in geological formations comprising hydrocarbons, well 1 is equipped with at least one casing 3 and a conduit 4 for safety reasons, so as to avoid a circulation of fluid between the casing 2 and the casing 3. Thus, when the second connecting member 21 is moved, the fluid present under it rises through the conduit 4. We will not depart from the scope of the invention , especially during production from a well, by connecting the link hydraulic 12 to the annular space located between the casing 3 and the casing 2 and removing the conduit 4.

Le deuxième organe 10 de connexion est relié aux instruments de mesures 34, 35, 36, 37 respectivement, disposés dans les zones de complétion 30, 31, 32, 33, au moyen des lignes électriques 38, 39, 40, 41. Ces instruments 34, 35, 36, 37 sont adaptés à mesurer le débit de fluide traversant les vannes 14, 16, 18, 11 respectivement, la température et la pression des fluides dans chacunes des zones de complétion 30, 31, 32, 33 respectivement. On pourra, de la même manière qui l'on effectue les mesures de pression, de débit et de température, effectuer toutes autres sortes de mesures physiques et/ou chimique et/ou physico-chimique, telles que la résistivité des fluides des zones de production. En réalisant la liaison électrique entre les appareils de mesures et la surface, il est possible d'obtenir à tout moment et en temps réel les caractéristiques des fluides de chacune des zones et ainsi établir au mieux un programme de production en intervenant sur les vannes 14, 16, 18, 11 de chacune des zones. Par exemple, lorsque le câble de transmission ne comporte qu'un seul conducteur, on pourra utiliser un dispositif multiplex pour regrouper les informations provenant des instruments de mesure.The second connection member 10 is connected to the measuring instruments 34, 35, 36, 37 respectively, arranged in the completion zones 30, 31, 32, 33, by means of the electrical lines 38, 39, 40, 41. These instruments 34, 35, 36, 37 are adapted to measure the flow of fluid passing through the valves 14, 16, 18, 11 respectively, the temperature and the pressure of the fluids in each of the completion zones 30, 31, 32, 33 respectively. It will be possible, in the same way as one performs the pressure, flow and temperature measurements, to carry out all other kinds of physical and / or chemical and / or physico-chemical measurements, such as the resistivity of the fluids of the zones of production. By making the electrical connection between the measuring devices and the surface, it is possible to obtain at any time and in real time the characteristics of the fluids in each of the zones and thus to best establish a production program by working on the valves 14 , 16, 18, 11 of each of the zones. For example, when the transmission cable has only one conductor, a multiplex device could be used to group the information coming from the measuring instruments.

Les vannes 14, 16, 18 sont sélectivement commandées depuis la surface du sol, soit par des outils à clés (21, 21a), soit par une commande hydraulique. Ces outils à clés sont maniés au câble pour les puits verticaux ou faiblement déviés, ou avec des moteurs hydrauliques pour les puits admettant une circulation hydraulique, telle qu'on le pratique avec la technique dite T.F.L. (de l'anglais "Through Flow Line"), ou tout autre moyen, tel celui de la demande de brevet français EN - 87/11 749.The valves 14, 16, 18 are selectively controlled from the ground surface, either by key tools (21, 21a), or by hydraulic control. These key tools are operated with the cable for vertical or slightly deflected wells, or with hydraulic motors for wells admitting hydraulic circulation, as is practiced with the so-called T.F.L. (from the English "Through Flow Line"), or any other means, such as that of French patent application EN - 87/11 749.

La figure 2 montre en détail une vanne 45 hydraulique à chemise coulissante 46, 47 adaptée à la production sélective d'un puits selon l'invention. Cette vanne 45 permet de mettre en communication ou non l'extérieur et l'intérieur du tubage.FIG. 2 shows in detail a hydraulic valve 45 with a sliding jacket 46, 47 adapted to the selective production of a well according to the invention. This valve 45 allows the exterior and interior of the casing to be placed in communication or not.

Une ligne hydraulique 49, assurant la source d'énergie des éléments de puissance, tels de éléments similaires à la vanne 45, communique par un branchement 50 avec la vanne 45. Sur ce branchement 50 sont disposés des moyens de distribution, tels une électrovanne 51, reliés par un câble électrique 48 à la prise 10 placée à l'extrémité inférieure du tubage 3 (figure 1).A hydraulic line 49, ensuring the energy source of the power elements, such as elements similar to the valve 45, communicates by a connection 50 with the valve 45. On this connection 50 are arranged distribution means, such as a solenoid valve 51 , connected by an electric cable 48 to the socket 10 placed at the lower end of the casing 3 (Figure 1).

Cette électrovanne 45 assure l'ouverture et la fermeture de la communication entre la ligne hydraulique 45 et la chambre 52 de poussée hydraulique de la chemise coulissante hydraulique 46.This solenoid valve 45 opens and closes the communication between the hydraulic line 45 and the hydraulic thrust chamber 52 of the hydraulic sliding jacket 46.

Le vanne 45 comporte un corps 53 extérieur cylindrique intercalé dans le tubage 3 grâce à un raccord conique femelle 54 et un raccord conique mâle 55 respectivement disposés en haut et en bas de la vanne.The valve 45 comprises a cylindrical outer body 53 interposed in the casing 3 thanks to a female conical connector 54 and a male conical connector 55 respectively arranged at the top and at the bottom of the valve.

Dans ce corps 53 réalisant l'enveloppe extérieure de la vanne sont disposés, sensiblement dans le même plan perpendiculaire à l'axe du tubage, quatre orifices 56 obturables modifiant la communication entre l'intérieur et l'extérieur du tubage.In this body 53 producing the outer casing of the valve are arranged, substantially in the same plane perpendicular to the axis of the casing, four closable orifices 56 modifying the communication between the interior and the exterior of the casing.

L'obturation des orifices 56 est réalisée au moyen du coulissement de la chemise hydraulique 46 ou de la chemise de sécurité 47.The orifices 56 are closed by sliding the hydraulic jacket 46 or the safety jacket 47.

Une allonge 57, séparant les chemises 46 et 47, définit avec la chemise hydraulique 46 et la corps 53 la chambre 52 hydraulique de poussée, et assure le guidage des chemises 46 et 47.An extension 57, separating the liners 46 and 47, defines with the hydraulic liner 46 and the body 53 the hydraulic thrust chamber 52, and ensures the guiding of the liners 46 and 47.

La chemise hydraulique 46 coulisse entre deux positions extrêmes définies d'une part par la coopération d'une butée d'ouverture 58 avec l'embout supérieur 59 de la chemise hydraulique 46, et d'autre part par la coopération d'un talon 60 d'une rainure 61 pratiquée à la partie inférieure de la chemise hydraulique 46 avec le talon 62 de la clavette 63. La clavette 63 est solidaire de l'allonge 57 et en coopérant avec la rainure 61 positionne en rotation la chemise hydraulique 46 par rapport au corps 53 de la vanne.The hydraulic jacket 46 slides between two extreme positions defined on the one hand by the cooperation of an opening stop 58 with the upper end 59 of the hydraulic jacket 46, and on the other hand by the cooperation of a heel 60 a groove 61 formed in the lower part of the hydraulic jacket 46 with the heel 62 of the key 63. The key 63 is integral with the extension 57 and by cooperating with the groove 61 rotates the hydraulic jacket 46 relative to to the body 53 of the valve.

Un ressort de rappel 64, coopérant avec l'embout inférieur 65 de la chemise hydraulique 46 et un épaulement 66 de l'allonge 57, assure le retour à la position repos de la chemise hydraulique 46 lorsque la pression à l'intérieur de la chambre de poussée 52 devient inférieure à une valeur prédéterminée.A return spring 64, cooperating with the lower end piece 65 of the hydraulic jacket 46 and a shoulder 66 of the extension 57, ensures the return to the rest position of the hydraulic jacket 46 when the pressure inside the chamber thrust 52 becomes less than a predetermined value.

L'espace cylindrique 67 défini par l'épaulement 66, l'embout inférieur 65, le corps 53 et l'allonge 57, et dans lequel est placé le ressort 64, débouche à l'intérieur du tubage par un orifice 68 inférieur de circulation et par un orifice 69 supérieur de circulation, une gorge 70 et des ajourages pratiqués dans la chemise 47 de sécurité, de manière à permettre une circulation de fluide et à éviter le colmatage du ressort 64. Au lieu de faire déboucher cet espace cylindrique 67 dans l'intérieur du tubage, on pourra connecter cet espace 67 avec une chambre de compensation remplie avec un fluide restant propre, tel de l'huile.The cylindrical space 67 defined by the shoulder 66, the lower end piece 65, the body 53 and the extension 57, and in which the spring 64 is placed, opens into the casing through a lower circulation orifice 68 and by an upper orifice 69 for circulation, a groove 70 and openings made in the safety jacket 47, so as to allow circulation of fluid and to avoid clogging of the spring 64. Instead of opening this cylindrical space 67 inside the casing, this space 67 can be connected with a compensation chamber filled with a fluid that remains clean, such as oil.

A l'intérieur de l'allonge cylindrique 57, coulisse la chemise 47 de sécurité, entre deux positions définies par la coopération d'une lame élastique 71 comportant un ergot avec deux rainures annulaires intérieures 72, 73 usinées dans l'allonge 57 et assignant à la chemise 47 une position haute et une position basse correspondant respectivement à l'ouverture et la fermeture des orifices 56.Inside the cylindrical extension 57, slides the safety jacket 47, between two positions defined by the cooperation of an elastic blade 71 comprising a lug with two internal annular grooves 72, 73 machined in the extension 57 and assigning the jacket 47 has a high position and a low position corresponding respectively to the opening and closing of the orifices 56.

La chemise 47 de sécurité est commandée par un siège de clé 74 adapté à coopérer avec la pène d'un outil circulant dans le tubage. La partie supérieure 75 du corps 53 de vanne, comporte au niveau de la chemise 47 de sécurité un chanfrein 76 adapté au dégagement du pène. La chemise 47 est positionnée en rotation par rapport au corps 53 au moyen d'un ergot 77 solidaire de l'allonge 57 et coopérant avec une rainure 78 pratiquée dans la chemise 47.The safety jacket 47 is controlled by a key seat 74 adapted to cooperate with the bolt of a tool circulating in the casing. The upper part 75 of the valve body 53 comprises, at the level of the safety jacket 47, a chamfer 76 adapted to release the bolt. The jacket 47 is positioned in rotation relative to the body 53 by means of a lug 77 integral with the extension 57 and cooperating with a groove 78 formed in the jacket 47.

L'extrémité inférieure de la vanne 45 comporte un embout 79 fixé au corps 53 par un filetage 80, l'embout étant muni du raccord conique mâle 55.The lower end of the valve 45 comprises a nozzle 79 fixed to the body 53 by a thread 80, the nozzle being provided with the male conical connector 55.

Sur le figure 2, la vanne 45 est représentée "normalement ouverte", c'est-à-dire que lorsque la pression du fluide agissant sur la chemise 46 hydraulique est inférieure à une valeur déterminée, les orifices disposés dans le corps de vanne ne sont pas obstrués par la chemise 46 du fait de la force de rappel du ressort 64 qui fait coopérer la butée d'ouverture 58 avec l'embout supérieur 59 de la chemise hydraulique 46.In FIG. 2, the valve 45 is shown "normally open", that is to say that when the pressure of the fluid acting on the hydraulic jacket 46 is less than a determined value, the orifices arranged in the valve body do not are not obstructed by the jacket 46 due to the return force of the spring 64 which makes the opening stop 58 cooperate with the upper end 59 of the hydraulic jacket 46.

On ne sortira pas du cadre de l'invention en réalisant et en utilisant une vanne "normalement fermée". Pour cela, il suffit par exemple de relever les orifices pratiqués dans la chemise hydraulique 46 d'une manière telle que, lorsque la butée d'ouverture 58 coopère avec l'embout supérieur 59, les orifices 56 sont obstrués au niveau de la chemise hydraulique 46 et de manière que lorsque le talon 60 de la rainure 61 coopère avec le talon 62 de la clavette 63, les orifices 56 sont libres au niveau de la chemise hydraulique 46.It will not depart from the scope of the invention to produce and use a "normally closed" valve. For this, it suffices for example to raise the orifices made in the hydraulic jacket 46 with a such that when the opening stop 58 cooperates with the upper end 59, the orifices 56 are obstructed at the level of the hydraulic jacket 46 and so that when the heel 60 of the groove 61 cooperates with the heel 62 of the key 63, the orifices 56 are free at the level of the hydraulic jacket 46.

La chambre de poussée 52 correspond à un réservoir adapté à contenir une masse variable de fluide hydraulique.The thrust chamber 52 corresponds to a reservoir adapted to contain a variable mass of hydraulic fluid.

La fermeture des orifices de la vanne 45 s'effectue en commandant par la ligne électrique 48 l'ouverture des moyens de distribtuion 51, en mettant une pression adaptée dans la ligne 49, de manière à créer un écoulement de fluide dans un premier sens et faire ainsi descendre la chemise 46.The orifices of the valve 45 are closed by controlling, by the electrical line 48, the opening of the distribution means 51, by putting a suitable pressure in the line 49, so as to create a flow of fluid in a first direction and thus lower the shirt 46.

Pour immobiliser la chemise 46 dans les positions où les orifices sont ouverts ou fermés, quelle que soit la pression dans la ligne 49, on ferme les moyens de distribution 51.To immobilize the jacket 46 in the positions where the orifices are open or closed, whatever the pressure in the line 49, the distribution means 51 are closed.

L'ouverture des orifices de la vannes 45 s'effectue en ouvrant les moyens de distribution 51, de manière à mettre en communication la chambre de poussée 52 avec la ligne hydraulique et en mettant une pression adaptée dans la ligne 49, de manière à créer un écoulement de fluide dans un deuxième sens opposé au premier sens et faire ainsi remonter la chemise 46, cette pression étant inférieure à la pression de fermeture des orifices.The orifices of the valves 45 are opened by opening the distribution means 51, so as to put the thrust chamber 52 into communication with the hydraulic line and by putting a suitable pressure in the line 49, so as to create a flow of fluid in a second direction opposite to the first direction and thus raise the jacket 46, this pressure being less than the pressure for closing the orifices.

La figure 3 montre shématiquement un dispositif comportant des outils et/ou instruments hydrauliques 81, 82, 83 disposés sur un tubage 90 placé dans le puits 1, le dispositif étant notamment adapté à la production sélective de différentes zones, telles les zones 30, 31, 32, 33 de la figure 1 ou 84, 85, 86 de la figure 3. Ces outils et/ou instruments peuvent être, par exemple des vannes illustrées par la figure 2. Les zones 84, 85, 86 sont respectivement délimitées par des éléments d'étanchéités 87-88, 88-89, 89 et le fond du puits.FIG. 3 schematically shows a device comprising hydraulic tools and / or instruments 81, 82, 83 arranged on a casing 90 placed in the well 1, the device being in particular suitable for the selective production of different zones, such as zones 30, 31 , 32, 33 in Figure 1 or 84, 85, 86 in Figure 3. These tools and / or instruments may be, for example valves illustrated in Figure 2. The areas 84, 85, 86 are respectively delimited by sealing elements 87-88, 88-89, 89 and the bottom of the well.

Le dispositif comporte une première ligne 91 et éventuellement une deuxième ligne hydraulique 92, ces lignes étant reliées aux outils et/ou instruments par des branchements 93, 94 respectivement. Sur les branchements 93 de la première ligne hydraulique 91 sont disposés des moyens de distribution.The device comprises a first line 91 and possibly a second hydraulic line 92, these lines being connected to the tools and / or instruments by connections 93, 94 respectively. On the connections 93 of the first hydraulic line 91 are arranged distribution means.

Des moyens de distribution des branchements 93 sont commandés par une ligne électrique 95 reliée à un premier organe 96 de connexion électrique disposé à la partie inférieure et intérieure du tubage et adapté à coopérer avec un deuxième organe de connexion électrique complémentaire relié à la surface du sol par un câble de transmission 22 (figure 1). Tout comme les moyens de distribution sont commandés par une ligne électrique 95, on pourra commander ces moyens par des lignes de commande hydraulique reliées, par exemple, à un organe de connexion de commande hydraulique.Means for distributing the connections 93 are controlled by an electric line 95 connected to a first electrical connection member 96 disposed at the lower and inner part of the casing and adapted to cooperate with a second complementary electrical connection member connected to the surface of the ground by a transmission cable 22 (Figure 1). Just as the distribution means are controlled by an electric line 95, these means can be controlled by hydraulic control lines connected, for example, to a hydraulic control connection member.

La première ligne 91 et éventuellement la deuxième ligne hydraulique 92 sont reliées à générateur d'énergie hydraulique disposé soit à la surface du sol, soit au voisinage des outils et/ou instruments.The first line 91 and possibly the second hydraulic line 92 are connected to a hydraulic energy generator disposed either on the surface of the ground or in the vicinity of the tools and / or instruments.

Le câble de transmission pourra comporter une ligne électrique de puissance permettant d'alimenter un générateur d'énergie hydraulique disposé au voisinage des outils et/ou instruments.The transmission cable may include an electric power line making it possible to supply a hydraulic energy generator placed in the vicinity of the tools and / or instruments.

La première ligne 91 et éventuellement la deuxième ligne hydraulique 92 pourront être reliées à un organe de connexion hydraulique disposé à l'intérieur du tubage à sa partie inférieure, de la même manière que la ligne électrique 95 est reliée à l'organe de connexion électrique, cet organe de connexion hydraulique coopérant avec un organe complémentaire relié à la surface du sol par une canalisation hydraulique.The first line 91 and possibly the second hydraulic line 92 may be connected to a hydraulic connection member disposed inside the casing at its lower part, in the same way as the electric line 95 is connected to the electric connection member , this hydraulic connection member cooperating with a complementary member connected to the surface of the ground by a hydraulic pipe.

Ces organes de connexion hydrauliques et électriques pourront être associés dans une même organe de connexion, et de même ces lignes hydrauliques et électriques pourront être associées dans une même ligne.These hydraulic and electrical connection members may be associated in the same connection member, and likewise these hydraulic and electrical lines may be associated in the same line.

Pour commander hydrauliquement et sélectivement, par deux sens de circulation de fluide, au moins deux outils et/ou instruments 81, 82, 83 à l'aide seulement d'une ligne hydraulique, on utilise des outils et/ou instruments pourvus de moyens de rappel permettant de revenir dans une position initiale lorsque la pression a décru et on utilise des moyens de distribution disposés sur des branchements 93 de la première ligne 91 hydraulique avec les outils et/ou instruments.To control hydraulically and selectively, by two directions of fluid circulation, at least two tools and / or instruments 81, 82, 83 using only a hydraulic line, tools and / or instruments provided with means of reminder to return to an initial position when the pressure has decreased and distribution means are used arranged on connections 93 of the first hydraulic line 91 with the tools and / or instruments.

Pour mettre en action un premier outil et/ou instrument :
- on ferme les moyens de distribution du deuxième desdits deux outils et/ou instruments ou des autres outils et/ou instruments de manière à réduire, voire stopper, une circulation de fluide dans le branchement du deuxième outil et/ou instrument,
- on ouvre les moyens de distribution du premier outil et/ou instrument de manière à accroitre, la circulation de fluide dans le branchement du premier outil et/ou instrument, et
- on met une pression dans la première ligne 91 hydraulique de manière à créer, dans le branchement du premier outil et/ou instrument, un écoulement du fluide allant dans un premier sens.To activate a first tool and / or instrument:
the means for distributing the second of said two tools and / or instruments or other tools and / or instruments are closed so as to reduce, or even stop, a circulation of fluid in the connection of the second tool and / or instrument,
the distribution means of the first tool and / or instrument are opened so as to increase the circulation of fluid in the connection of the first tool and / or instrument, and
- A pressure is put in the first hydraulic line 91 so as to create, in the connection of the first tool and / or instrument, a flow of the fluid going in a first direction.

Lorsque l'on veut stopper l'écoulement de fluide, comme cela peut-être les cas pour verrouiller une vanne, on ferme les moyens de distribution du premier outil et/ou instrument.When it is desired to stop the flow of fluid, as may be the case for locking a valve, the distribution means of the first tool and / or instrument are closed.

Pour produire un écoulement dans le branchement du premier outil et/ou instrument suivant un deuxième sens, opposé au premier sens, et de cette manière manoeuvrer le premier outil et/ou instrument, on ouvre les moyens de distribution du premier outil et/ou instrument, on relâche la pression dans la première ligne hydraulique.To produce a flow in the connection of the first tool and / or instrument in a second direction, opposite to the first direction, and this way maneuvering the first tool and / or instrument, the distribution means of the first tool and / or instrument are opened, the pressure in the first hydraulic line is released.

En produisant sélectivement un écoulement dans le branchement d'un outil et/ou instrument, suivant deux sens, il est ainsi possible de manoeuvrer indépendamment toutes sortes d'outil ou d'instrument et notamment des vannes.By selectively producing a flow in the connection of a tool and / or instrument, in two directions, it is thus possible to independently operate all kinds of tool or instrument and in particular valves.

De la même manière que l'on a manoeuvré le premier outil et/ou instrument, on peut manoeuvrer autant d'outils et/ou instruments que l'on voudra.In the same way as one has maneuvered the first tool and / or instrument, one can maneuver as many tools and / or instruments as one wishes.

Pour commander hydrauliquement et sélectivement, suivant deux sens de circulation de fluide, au moins deux outils et/ou instruments 81, 82, 83, à l'aide de deux lignes hydraulique seulement, on utilise une première ligne hydraulique 91 comportant des branchements 93 avec les outils et/ou instruments, la circulation dans ces branchements étant contrôlée par des moyens de distribution placés sur chacun de ces branchements, et une deuxième ligne hydraulique 92 comportant des branchements avec les outils et/ou instruments.To control hydraulically and selectively, in two directions of fluid circulation, at least two tools and / or instruments 81, 82, 83, using only two hydraulic lines, a first hydraulic line 91 is used comprising connections 93 with the tools and / or instruments, the circulation in these connections being controlled by distribution means placed on each of these connections, and a second hydraulic line 92 comprising connections with the tools and / or instruments.

Pour mettre en action un premier outil et/ou instrument, on ferme les moyens de distribution du deuxième desdits deux outils et/ou instruments, de manière à réduire voire à stopper, une circulation de fluide dans les branchements du deuxième outil et/ou instrument :
- ou ouvre les moyens de distribution du premier outil et/ou instrument de manière à accroître, la circulation de fluide dans le branchement du premier outil et/ou instrument, et
- on met, dans ladite première et/ou deuxième ligne, des pressions adaptées à créer une circulation du fluide dans le branchement avec la première ligne, suivant le premier et/ou le deuxième sens.To activate a first tool and / or instrument, the distribution means of the second of said two tools and / or instruments are closed, so as to reduce or even stop, a circulation of fluid in the connections of the second tool and / or instrument :
- or opens the means for distributing the first tool and / or instrument so as to increase the circulation of fluid in the connection of the first tool and / or instrument, and
- One puts, in said first and / or second line, pressures adapted to create a circulation of the fluid in the connection with the first line, according to the first and / or the second direction.

Pour permettre la circulation de fluide suivant le premier ou le deuxième sens de circulation, comme cela peut être le cas pour ouvrir ou fermer la vanne 45, on réalise une différence de pression positive ou négative entre la première et la deuxième lignes.To allow the circulation of fluid in the first or second direction of circulation, as may be the case for opening or closing the valve 45, a positive or negative pressure difference is made between the first and the second lines.

De la même manière que l'on a commandé le premier outil et/ou instrument indépendamment du deuxième, on pourra commander indépendamment les uns des autres toutes sortes d'outils et/ou instruments.In the same way that one ordered the first tool and / or instrument independently of the second, one can control independently of each other all kinds of tools and / or instruments.

Claims (13)

1. Méthode pour effectuer des opérations et/ou des interventions, telles des mesures, dans un puits (1) comportant un tubage (3) d'un diamètre inférieur à celui du puits, le puits étant foré dans des formations géologiques et comportant au moins deux zones de production distinctes (30, 31, 32, 33), caractérisée en ce qu'on effectue les étapes suivantes :
- on équipe chacune desdites deux zones de production (30, 31, 32, 33) du puits d'au moins un instrument et/ou outil (11, 14, 16, 18, 34, 35, 36, 37), adapté à réaliser lesdites opérations et/ou interventions,
- on équipe ledit tubage (3) d'un premier organe de connexion (10) utilisable en milieu liquide,
- on relie par des lignes (40) lesdits instruments et/ou outils audit premier organe de connexion (10),
- on introduit dans le tubage un câble de transmission (22) équipé d'un deuxième organe de connexion (21) adapté à venir se raccorder au premier organe de connexion (10),
- on déplace ledit deuxième organe de connexion (21) jusqu'à ce qu'il coopère avec ledit premier organe (10), et
- on réalise lesdites opérations et/ou interventions en commandant lesdits outils et/ou instruments par ledit cable de transmission.1. Method for carrying out operations and / or interventions, such as measurements, in a well (1) comprising a casing (3) of a diameter less than that of the well, the well being drilled in geological formations and comprising at at least two separate production areas (30, 31, 32, 33), characterized in that the following steps are carried out:
- each of said two production zones (30, 31, 32, 33) is fitted with the well of at least one instrument and / or tool (11, 14, 16, 18, 34, 35, 36, 37), adapted to carry out said operations and / or interventions,
- said tubing (3) is fitted with a first connection member (10) usable in a liquid medium,
- said instruments and / or tools are connected by lines (40) to said first connection member (10),
a transmission cable (22) fitted with a second connection member (21) adapted to be connected to the first connection member (10) is introduced into the casing,
- said second connection member (21) is moved until it cooperates with said first member (10), and
- said operations and / or interventions are carried out by controlling said tools and / or instruments by said transmission cable. 2. Méthode selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que lesdits outils et/ou instruments sont solidaires dudit tubage (3).2. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that said tools and / or instruments are integral with said casing (3). 3. Méthode selon l'une des revendications 1 et 2, caractérisée en ce que lesdites zones distinctes sont des zones de production de fluide.3. Method according to one of claims 1 and 2, characterized in that said separate zones are fluid production zones. 4. Méthode selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que l'un au moins desdits instruments (34, 35, 36, 37) est adapté à mesurer les caractéristiques physiques et/ou chimiques et/ou physico-chimiques des fluides présents dans une zone de production.4. Method according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that at least one of said instruments (34, 35, 36, 37) is adapted to measure the physical and / or chemical and / or physico-chemical characteristics fluids present in a production area. 5. Méthode selon l'une des revendication 1 à 3, caractérisée en ce que l'un au moins desdits outils (11, 14, 16, 18) est adapté à modifier le débit de fluide dans une zone de production (30, 31, 32, 33).5. Method according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that at least one of said tools (11, 14, 16, 18) is adapted to modify the fluid flow rate in a production zone (30, 31 , 32, 33). 6. Méthode selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisée en ce qu'on dispose ledit premier organe de connexion (10) à l'extrêmité inférieure du tubage (3).6. Method according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that said first connecting member (10) is arranged at the lower end of the casing (3). 7. Méthode selon l'une des revendications 1 à 6, dans laquelle lesdites zones sont des zones de production, caractérisée en ce qu'on exploite lesdites zones de production en transférant le fluide produit par l'intérieur du tubage, et en ce qu'on équipe ledit tubage de moyens permettant une complétion sélective dudit puits.7. Method according to one of claims 1 to 6, wherein said zones are production zones, characterized in that said production zones are exploited by transferring the fluid produced by the interior of the casing, and in that 'said tubing is equipped with means allowing selective completion of said well. 8. Méthode selon l'une des revendication 1 à 7, dans laquelle on dispose ledit premier organe de connexion à l'extrêmité inférieure du tubage, caractérisée en ce qu'on place dans ledit puits (1) un conduit (4) adapté à communiquer avec l'extrêmité inférieure dudit tubage (3) par une liaison hydraulique (12) et/ou un canal (12a), cette liaison (12) et ce canal (12) étant situés au voisinage dudit premier organe de connexion.8. Method according to one of claims 1 to 7, wherein there is said first connecting member at the lower end of the casing, characterized in that placed in said well (1) a conduit (4) adapted to communicate with the lower end of said casing (3) by a hydraulic connection (12) and / or a channel (12a), this connection (12) and this channel (12) being located in the vicinity of said first connection member. 9. Dispositif pour effectuer des opérations et/ou interventions, telles des mesures, dans un puits (1) comportant un tubage (3) d'un diamètre inférieur à celui du puits, le puits étant foré dans des formations géologiques et comportant au moins deux zones distinctes (30, 31, 32, 33), caractérisé en ce que ledit tubage (3) comporte dans son intérieur un premier organe de connexion (10) utilisable en milieu liquide, ledit premier organe étant relié par des lignes (40) à au moins un instrument et/ou outil (11, 14, 16, 18, 34, 35, 36, 37) disposé dans chacune des zones, ledit premier organe de connexion (10) étant adapté à coopérer avec un deuxième organe de connexion (21) relié par un câble de transmission (22) à la surface du sol, ledit tubage (3) étant adapté à permettre la descente du deuxième organe depuis la surface et sa connexion avec le premier organe.9. Device for carrying out operations and / or interventions, such as measurements, in a well (1) comprising a casing (3) of a diameter less than that of the well, the well being drilled in geological formations and comprising at least two separate areas (30, 31, 32, 33), characterized in that said casing (3) has inside its first connection member (10) usable in liquid medium, said first member being connected by lines (40) to at least an instrument and / or tool (11, 14, 16, 18, 34, 35, 36, 37) disposed in each of the zones, said first connection member (10) being adapted to cooperate with a second connection member (21) connected by a transmission cable (22) to the ground surface, said casing (3) being adapted to allow the descent of the second member from the surface and its connection with the first member. 10. Dispositif selon la revendication 9, pour lequel lesdites zones sont des zones de production de fluides, caractérisé en ce que ledit tubage maintient lesdits outils et/ou instruments.10. Device according to claim 9, for which said zones are fluid production zones, characterized in that said casing holds said tools and / or instruments. 11. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 9 ou 10, caractérisé en ce que lesdites zones sont des zones de production (30, 31, 32, 33) et ledit tubage (3) comporte des moyens (11, 14, 16, 18) permettant de mettre en communication lesdites zones avec l'intérieur du tubage (3), lesdits moyens permettant une complétion sélective dudit puits.11. Device according to one of claims 9 or 10, characterized in that said zones are production zones (30, 31, 32, 33) and said casing (3) comprises means (11, 14, 16, 18 ) allowing said zones to be placed in communication with the interior of the casing (3), said means allowing selective completion of said well. 12. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 9 à 11, caractérisé en ce que ledit premier organe de connexion (10) est disposé à l'extrêmité inférieure du tubage (3).12. Device according to one of claims 9 to 11, characterized in that said first connection member (10) is disposed at the lower end of the casing (3). 13. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 9 à 12, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte un conduit (4) communiquant avec ledit tubage sensiblement au niveau dudit premier organe de connexion et débouchant à la surface du sol.13. Device according to one of claims 9 to 12, characterized in that it comprises a conduit (4) communicating with said casing substantially at the level of said first connection member and emerging at the surface of the ground.
EP89400227A 1988-01-29 1989-01-27 Device and method for carrying out operations and/or interventions in a well Expired - Lifetime EP0326492B1 (en)

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FR8801089A FR2626613A1 (en) 1988-01-29 1988-01-29 DEVICE AND METHOD FOR PERFORMING OPERATIONS AND / OR INTERVENTIONS IN A WELL

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DE68906170D1 (en) 1993-06-03
NO890355L (en) 1989-07-31
EP0326492B1 (en) 1993-04-28
CA1315190C (en) 1993-03-30
DE68906170T2 (en) 1993-08-05
NO180464B (en) 1997-01-13
DK38389D0 (en) 1989-01-27
DK38389A (en) 1989-07-30
FR2626613A1 (en) 1989-08-04
NO890355D0 (en) 1989-01-27
US4942926A (en) 1990-07-24
NO180464C (en) 1997-04-23

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