EP0323368B1 - Device for pneumatically injecting fuel - Google Patents
Device for pneumatically injecting fuel Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0323368B1 EP0323368B1 EP88403381A EP88403381A EP0323368B1 EP 0323368 B1 EP0323368 B1 EP 0323368B1 EP 88403381 A EP88403381 A EP 88403381A EP 88403381 A EP88403381 A EP 88403381A EP 0323368 B1 EP0323368 B1 EP 0323368B1
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- Prior art keywords
- cylinder
- valve
- injector
- chamber
- pneumatic
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M67/00—Apparatus in which fuel-injection is effected by means of high-pressure gas, the gas carrying the fuel into working cylinders of the engine, e.g. air-injection type
- F02M67/02—Apparatus in which fuel-injection is effected by means of high-pressure gas, the gas carrying the fuel into working cylinders of the engine, e.g. air-injection type the gas being compressed air, e.g. compressed in pumps
- F02M67/04—Apparatus in which fuel-injection is effected by means of high-pressure gas, the gas carrying the fuel into working cylinders of the engine, e.g. air-injection type the gas being compressed air, e.g. compressed in pumps the air being extracted from working cylinders of the engine
Definitions
- the invention relates to a pneumatic fuel injection device in a cylinder of a reciprocating internal combustion engine.
- the introduction of fuel in spray form into the cylinder can be carried out by a pneumatic injection device comprising an injector opening into the cylinder provided with a valve controlled by a cam for its opening and closing, a supply means for the liquid fuel injector and a source of compressed air ensuring the atomization and injection of the fuel when the injector is opened.
- the sweeping of the cylinder by fresh air is carried out by means of a pump casing communicating with the cylinder at its lower part so that the piston moving in the cylinder produces a compression of the air of the casing by moving towards its point dead low.
- Ducts joining the pump casing to the cylinder intake lights ensure the transfer of compressed air to the cylinder, this compressed air entering the cylinder, which it scans when the intake lights are discovered by the piston during its movement towards its bottom dead center.
- the pump housing can be connected to the injector by a conduit on which a valve is disposed.
- the part of the duct located downstream of the valve can in itself constitute a compressed air capacity or be connected to such a capacity.
- Such a device which makes it possible to avoid the use of an additional source of compressed gas however requires the provision of a conduit junction between the pump casing and the injector and possibly a capacity in communication with this conduit.
- a source of auxiliary compressed air has always been used hitherto, or a connecting duct between the pump casing and the cylinder and possibly a compressed air storage capacity.
- the invention relates to a device for pneumatically injecting fuel into a cylinder of an engine, using gases taken from this cylinder, according to claim 1.
- Figure 1 is a partial view in elevation and in section of a cylinder of an engine comprising of the pneumatic injection device according to an embodiment allowing the implementation of the invention.
- Figure 2 is a view similar to Figure 1 showing the engine cylinder at a different time from the operating cycle.
- FIG. 3 is an operating diagram of the engine, the cylinder of which is shown in FIGS. 1 and 2.
- Figure 4 is a schematic sectional view in elevation of a cylinder of an engine comprising an injection device according to another embodiment, allowing the implementation of the invention.
- the pneumatic injector 32 opening into the upper part of the cylinder 30 comprises a valve 33 controlled by a cam 34, a means for supplying liquid fuel not shown and a device 35 supplying the pneumatic injector 32 with a gas under pressure allowing the spraying and injecting liquid fuel.
- the device 35 comprises a conduit 36 communicating, at one of its ends, with the cylinder chamber 30 by a light 37 arranged above the exhaust and transfer ports of the cylinder not shown and at its other end, with the pneumatic injector chamber 32 at the top of the cylinder.
- a valve 38 is disposed on the pipe 36 and delimits on this pipe an upstream part communicating with the cylinder 30 and a downstream part communicating with the injector 32. The valve 38 opens when the differential pressure between the upstream and the downstream in a conduit 36 exceeds a certain value corresponding to the tare weight of the valve 38.
- the downstream part of the conduit 36 is capable of constituting by itself a capacity of pressurized gas in communication with the valve chamber 32. This downstream part of the conduit 36 can also be put in communication with a capacity allowing the storage of gas under pressure.
- the piston 30a moves upwards inside the cylinder 30 and realizes the compression of a fuel mixture located in the upper part of the cylinder.
- the piston 30a masks the lumen 37 and the valve 38 which is subjected to slightly different upstream and downstream pressures remains closed.
- the operating cycle of the engine is represented in the form of a hatched surface in a pressure diagram of the gases contained in the cylinder as a function of the volume occupied by these gases.
- the engine operating point describes the curve 40 delimiting the cycle at its lower part when the piston moves up and the upper limit curve 41 of the cycle when the piston 30a moves down.
- the piston 30a At the end of compression, the piston 30a reaching its top dead center, the volume V is minimum. Ignition followed by combustion occurs during compression. The pressure in the cylinder reaches soon after its maximum and the piston moves down.
- the volume of the gases in the cylinder has a value VO and the pressure of these gases, a value P2.
- the engine operating point corresponds to point A in FIG. 3.
- the valve 38 lifts and the gases contained in the cylinder chamber 30 fill the entire duct 35 possibly including a storage capacity for pressurized gas downstream valve 38.
- downstream part of the conduit 35 is, when the apertures 37 open, at a pressure below P2.
- the piston 30a continues to move downwards and discovers the exhaust ports.
- the pressure decreases in the cylinder chamber during the exhaust and sweeping phases with fresh air.
- the valve 38 closes very quickly as soon as the pressure is less than P2. Closing the valve 38 therefore ensures the constitution of a gas reserve at a pressure substantially equal to P2.
- the cam 34 controls the opening of the valve 33 of the injector 32 (operating point I). Liquid fuel is sprayed and injected into the upper part of the cylinder 30 by the pressure gas P2 retained in the duct 35 and / or the storage capacity, downstream of the valve 38.
- the pneumatic injector can be designed to close sufficiently quickly, this being determined during the design or the development of the engine by the law of the cam 34.
- the pressure downstream of the valve 38 is established at a value lower than P2.
- the fuel mixture contained in the cylinder is then compressed by the piston 30a.
- the upper part of the piston 30a masks the opening 37 at the start of the compression (point B in FIG. 3).
- the residual volume in the cylinder is VO and the gas pressure is P1.
- the pressure P1 as it is visible on the diagram of FIG. 3, is notably lower than the pressure P2.
- the pressure in the conduit 35 upstream of the valve 38 therefore becomes established at the value P1 ⁇ P2. This position of the piston 30a is shown in FIG. 1.
- the conditions of the injection are such that the pressure downstream of the valve 38 is established at a value P3 between P2 and P1.
- valve 38 opens during compression to allow the pipe 36 to reach a pressure close to P1 when the rise of the piston masks the light 37.
- the continuation proceeds in the same way in both cases.
- valve 38 therefore remains closed until the point of operation returns to A (configuration of Figure 2).
- the piston 30a discovers the light 37, so that the upstream part of the conduit 35 is brought to pressure P2> P3.
- the valve 38 opens and the downstream part of the conduit 35 constituting the injection gas reserve capacity is recharged with burnt gases at pressure P2.
- FIG. 4 there is shown an alternative embodiment of the injection device 32 shown in Figures 1 and 2.
- the corresponding elements in Figures 1 and 2 on the one hand and 4 on the other hand bear the same references with the exponent 'with regard to the elements of the device shown in FIG. 4.
- the injection device 32 ' comprises a conduit 36' similar to the conduit 36 of the device shown in Figures 1 and 2 communicating at one of its ends by a lumen 37 'with the inner chamber of the cylinder 30' and, at its other end with the injector chamber communicating via the valve 33 'with the upper part of the cylinder 30'.
- a valve 38 ' is interposed on the conduit 36' and separates this conduit 36 'into an upstream part communicating with the light 37' of the cylinder 30 'and a downstream part communicating with the pneumatic injector.
- the conduit 36' is connected by means of a conduit 50 and a valve 51 with a source of fresh air which can be constituted by atmospheric air, the valve 51 having its entry into the open air.
- the chamber of this cylinder 30' can be put under vacuum by the exhaust wave effects. This vacuum causes the valve 51 to open and the upstream portion of the duct 36 'to sweep through the cylinder 30 with fresh air.
- the device according to the invention has in all cases the advantage of using, for spraying and injecting fuel, pressurized gas available in the engine itself.
- This pressurized gas can also be taken near the place where it is used for injecting fuel into the cylinder.
- Gas pressures can also be very high compared to the pressure in the cylinder at the time of injection, which improves the quality of the fuel spraying and injection.
- the invention applies not only to two-stroke engines but also to any reciprocating internal combustion engine in which an introduction and a sweep of fresh air and a pneumatic injection of fuel are produced independently.
- valve 20 33, 43, 46 or 33 ′ an automatic valve functioning as a valve, a rotary plug or an electromagnetically controlled valve.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)
Description
L'invention concerne un dispositif d'injection pneumatique de carburant dans un cylindre d'un moteur alternatif à combustion interne.The invention relates to a pneumatic fuel injection device in a cylinder of a reciprocating internal combustion engine.
Dans les deux moteurs à deux temps à un ou plusieurs cylindres, à haut rendement on cherche à réaliser de façon indépendante, un balayage du ou des cylindres par de l'air frais non carburé et une introduction de carburant liquide sous forme pulvérisée dans le ou les cylindres, ces deux opérations étant effectuées à des instants successifs et bien déterminés du cycle de fonctionnement du moteur.In the two two-stroke engines with one or more cylinders, with high efficiency, it is sought to carry out independently, a sweeping of the cylinder (s) with fresh non-carburized air and an introduction of liquid fuel in spray form into the the cylinders, these two operations being carried out at successive and well-defined instants of the engine operating cycle.
L'introduction de carburant sous forme pulvérisée dans le cylindre peut être réalisée par un dispositif d'injection pneumatique comportant un injecteur débouchant dans le cylindre muni d'une soupape commandée par une came pour son ouverture et sa fermeture, un moyen d'alimentation de l'injecteur en carburant liquide et une source d'air comprimé assurant la pulvérisation et l'injection du carburant au moment de l'ouverture de l'injecteur.The introduction of fuel in spray form into the cylinder can be carried out by a pneumatic injection device comprising an injector opening into the cylinder provided with a valve controlled by a cam for its opening and closing, a supply means for the liquid fuel injector and a source of compressed air ensuring the atomization and injection of the fuel when the injector is opened.
Le balayage du cylindre par de l'air frais est réalisé grâce à un carter pompe communiquant avec le cylindre à sa partie inférieure de façon que le piston se déplaçant dans le cylindre produise une compression de l'air du carter en se déplaçant vers son point mort bas. Des conduits joignant le carter pompe à des lumières d'admission du cylindre assurent le transfert de l'air comprimé vers le cylindre , cet air comprimé pénétrant dans le cylindre dont il réalise le balayage, lorsque les lumières d'admission sont découvertes par le piston au cours de son déplacement vers son point mort bas.The sweeping of the cylinder by fresh air is carried out by means of a pump casing communicating with the cylinder at its lower part so that the piston moving in the cylinder produces a compression of the air of the casing by moving towards its point dead low. Ducts joining the pump casing to the cylinder intake lights ensure the transfer of compressed air to the cylinder, this compressed air entering the cylinder, which it scans when the intake lights are discovered by the piston during its movement towards its bottom dead center.
On a proposé de réaliser l'injection pneumatique du carburant en utilisant l'air comprimé du carter pompe pour effectuer la pulvérisation et l'injection du carburant. A cette fin, le carter pompe peut être relié à l'injecteur par un conduit sur lequel est disposé un clapet. La partie du conduit située en aval du clapet peut constituer en elle-même une capacité d'air comprimé ou être reliée à une telle capacité. Lors de l'ouverture de l'injecteur, une certaine quantité d'air comprimé est utilisée pour pulvériser le carburant et l'injecter dans le cylindre. Le rechargement de la capacité en air comprimé est réalisé, lorsque la pression est voisine de son maximum dans le carter pompe, par ouverture du clapet.It has been proposed to perform pneumatic fuel injection using compressed air from the pump housing to perform the fuel spraying and injection. To this end, the pump housing can be connected to the injector by a conduit on which a valve is disposed. The part of the duct located downstream of the valve can in itself constitute a compressed air capacity or be connected to such a capacity. When the injector is opened, a certain amount of compressed air is used to spray the fuel and inject it into the cylinder. The recharging of the compressed air capacity is carried out, when the pressure is close to its maximum in the pump housing, by opening the valve.
Un tel dispositif qui permet d'éviter l'utilisation d'une source annexe de gaz comprimé nécessite cependant de prévoir un conduit de jonction entre le carter pompe et l'injecteur et éventuellement une capacité en communication avec ce conduit.Such a device which makes it possible to avoid the use of an additional source of compressed gas however requires the provision of a conduit junction between the pump casing and the injector and possibly a capacity in communication with this conduit.
Dans le cas des moteurs à injection à plusieurs cylindres, on a proposé d'utiliser les gaz chauds sous pression prélevés dans un cylindre pour réaliser la pulvérisation du carburant dans un autre cylindre du moteur. L'injection est réalisée au niveau de la soupape d'admission du cylindre par laquelle est aspiré l'air carburé destiné à remplir le cylindre . L'effet des gaz chauds prélevés se limite à assurer la pulvérisation et éventuellement la vaporisation du carburant liquide dont l'introduction dans le cylindre est assurée au moment de l'ouverture de la soupape d'admission, par mélange avec l'air admis et aspiration.In the case of injection engines with several cylinders, it has been proposed to use the hot pressurized gases taken from a cylinder to spray the fuel into another cylinder of the engine. The injection is carried out at the level of the cylinder intake valve through which the carburetted air intended to fill the cylinder is sucked. The effect of the hot gases sampled is limited to spraying and possibly vaporizing the liquid fuel, the introduction of which into the cylinder is ensured at the time of the opening of the intake valve, by mixing with the intake air and aspiration.
Dans ce cas, contrairement au cas des moteurs à deux temps et analogues, il n'y a pas d'introduction d'air frais de balayage dans le cylindre indépendamment de l'introduction de carburant et cette introduction de carburant n'est pas effectuée sous pression et par un injecteur pneumatique indépendant du dispositif d'introduction d'air dans le cylindre.In this case, unlike the case of two-stroke engines and the like, there is no introduction of fresh sweeping air into the cylinder independently of the introduction of fuel and this introduction of fuel is not carried out under pressure and by a pneumatic injector independent of the device for introducing air into the cylinder.
Dans le cas de l'injection pneumatique, on a toujours utilisé jusqu'ici soit une source d'air comprimé auxiliaire, soit un conduit de liaison entre le carter pompe et le cylindre et éventuellement une capacité de stockage d'air comprimé.In the case of pneumatic injection, a source of auxiliary compressed air has always been used hitherto, or a connecting duct between the pump casing and the cylinder and possibly a compressed air storage capacity.
Il est par ailleurs connu du document CH-A-270 337 de prélever, dans une préchambre située dans la culasse, des gaz sous pression issus de la chambre de combustion via l'une au moins des soupapes d'admission. Le prélèvement a lieu pendant la compression.It is also known from document CH-A-270 337 to take, in a prechamber located in the cylinder head, gases under pressure coming from the combustion chamber via at least one of the intake valves. Sampling takes place during compression.
L'invention est relative à un dispositif pour réaliser l'injection pneumatique de carburant dans un cylindre d'un moteur, en utilisant des gaz prélevés dans ce cylindre, conformément à la revendication 1.The invention relates to a device for pneumatically injecting fuel into a cylinder of an engine, using gases taken from this cylinder, according to claim 1.
D'autres caractéristiques de l'invention apparaissent dans les revendications 2 à 5.Other features of the invention appear in
Afin de bien faire comprendre l'invention, on va maintenant décrire, à titre d'exemple non limitatif, en se référant aux figures jointes en annexe, la mise en oeuvre du procédé suivant l'invention, suivant plusieurs variantes et en utilisant des dispositifs d'injection suivant plusieurs modes de réalisation.In order to clearly understand the invention, we will now describe, by way of nonlimiting example, with reference to the appended figures, the implementation of the method according to the invention, according to several variants and using devices injection according to several embodiments.
La figure 1 est en vue partielle en élévation et en coupe d'un cylindre d'un moteur comportant du dispositif d'injection pneumatique suivant un mode de réalisation permettant la mise en oeuvre de l'invention.Figure 1 is a partial view in elevation and in section of a cylinder of an engine comprising of the pneumatic injection device according to an embodiment allowing the implementation of the invention.
La figure 2 est une vue analogue à la figure 1 montrant le cylindre du moteur à un instant différent du cycle de fonctionnement.Figure 2 is a view similar to Figure 1 showing the engine cylinder at a different time from the operating cycle.
La figure 3 est un diagramme de fonctionnement du moteur dont le cylindre est représenté sur les figures 1 et 2.FIG. 3 is an operating diagram of the engine, the cylinder of which is shown in FIGS. 1 and 2.
La figure 4 est une vue schématique en coupe et en élévation d'un cylindre d'un moteur comportant un dispositif d'injection suivant un autre mode de réalisation, permettant la mise en oeuvre de l'invention.Figure 4 is a schematic sectional view in elevation of a cylinder of an engine comprising an injection device according to another embodiment, allowing the implementation of the invention.
Sur les figures 1 et 2, on a représenté la partie supérieure d'un cylindre 30 d'un moteur à deux temps comportant un dispositif d'injection 31 dans sa partie supérieure.In Figures 1 and 2, there is shown the upper part of a
L'injecteur pneumatique 32 débouchant dans la partie supérieure du cylindre 30 comporte une soupape 33 commandée par une came 34, un moyen d'alimentation en carburant liquide non représenté et un dispositif 35 fournissant à l'injecteur pneumatique 32 un gaz sous pression permettant la pulvérisation et l'injection du carburant liquide.The
Le dispositif 35 comporte un conduit 36 communiquant, à l'une de ses extrémités, avec la chambre du cylindre 30 par une lumière 37 disposée au-dessus des lumières d'échappement et de transfert du cylindre non représentées et à son autre extrémité, avec la chambre de l'injecteur pneumatique 32 à la partie supérieure du cylindre. Un clapet 38 est disposé sur la conduite 36 et délimite sur cette conduite une partie amont communiquant avec le cylindre 30 et une partie aval communiquant avec l'injecteur 32. Le clapet 38 s'ouvre lorsque la pression différentielle entre l'amont et l'aval dans un conduit 36 dépasse une certaine valeur correspondant à la tare du clapet 38.The
La partie aval du conduit 36 est susceptible de constituer par elle-même une capacité de gaz sous pression en communication avec la chambre du clapet 32. Cette partie aval du conduit 36 peut également être mise en communication avec une capacité permettant le stockage de gaz sous pression.The downstream part of the
On va maintenant se reporter à l'ensemble des figures 1, 2 et 3 pour décrire le fonctionnement du dispositif d'injection suivant un mode de réalisation.We will now refer to all of Figures 1, 2 and 3 to describe the operation of the injection device according to one embodiment.
Sur la figure 1, le piston 30a se déplace vers le haut à l'intérieur du cylindre 30 et réalise la compression d'un mélange carburé se trouvant dans la partie supérieure du cylindre. Le piston 30a masque la lumière 37 et le clapet 38 qui est soumis à des pressions amont et aval peu différentes reste fermé.In FIG. 1, the
Sur la figure 3, on a représenté sous la forme d'une surface hachurée le cycle de fonctionnement du moteur dans un diagramme pression des gaz contenus dans le cylindre en fonction du volume occupé par ces gaz. Le point de fonctionnement du moteur décrit la courbe 40 délimitant le cycle à sa partie inférieure lorsque le piston se déplace vers le haut et la courbe limite supérieure 41 du cycle lorsque le piston 30a se déplace vers le bas.In FIG. 3, the operating cycle of the engine is represented in the form of a hatched surface in a pressure diagram of the gases contained in the cylinder as a function of the volume occupied by these gases. The engine operating point describes the
A la fin de la compression, le piston 30a atteignant son point mort haut, le volume V est minimum. L'allumage suivi de la combustion se produit pendant la compression. La pression dans le cylindre atteint peu après son maximum et le piston se déplace vers le bas.At the end of compression, the
Lorsque la partie supérieure du piston 30a parvient au niveau de la lumière 37 (figure 2) le volume des gaz dans le cylindre a une valeur VO et la pression de ces gaz, une valeur P2. Le point de fonctionnement du moteur correspond au point A de la figure 3. Le clapet 38 se soulève et les gaz contenus dans la chambre du cylindre 30 viennent remplir l'ensemble du conduit 35 comportant éventuellement une capacité de stockage de gaz sous pression en aval du clapet 38.When the upper part of the
En effet, ainsi qu'il sera montré plus loin, la partie aval du conduit 35 est, lors de l'ouverture des lumières 37, à une pression inférieure à P2.Indeed, as will be shown later, the downstream part of the
Le piston 30a continue à se déplacer vers le bas et découvre les lumières d'échappement. La pression diminue dans la chambre du cylindre pendant les phases d'échappement et de balayage par l'air frais. Le clapet 38 se referme très rapidement dès que la pression est inférieure à P2. La fermeture du clapet 38 assure donc la constitution d'une réserve de gaz à une pression sensiblement égale à P2.The
Après son passage au point des mort bas, le piston 30a remonte dans le cylindre ; le point de fonctionnement sur la figure 3 décrit la courbe 40.After passing to the bottom dead center, the
Avant le début de la compression, la came 34 commande l'ouverture de la soupape 33 de l'injecteur 32 (point de fonctionnement I). Du carburant liquide est pulvérisé et injecté dans la partie supérieure du cylindre 30 par le gaz à pression P2 retenu dans le conduit 35 et/ou la capacité de stockage, en aval du clapet 38. L'injecteur pneumatique peut être conçu pour se refermer assez rapidement, ceci étant déterminé lors de la conception ou de la mise au point du moteur par la loi de la came 34. La pression en aval du clapet 38 s'établit à une valeur inférieure à P2.Before the start of compression, the
Le mélange carburé contenu dans le cylindre est alors comprimé par le piston 30a. La partie supérieure du piston 30a vient masquer l'ouverture 37 au début de la compression (point B sur la figure 3). Le volume résiduel dans le cylindre est VO et la pression des gaz est P1. La pression P1 comme il est visible sur le diagramme de la figure 3, est notablement inférieure à la pression P2. La pression dans le conduit 35 en amont du clapet 38 s'établit donc à la valeur P1 < P2. Cette position du piston 30a est représentée sur la figure 1.The fuel mixture contained in the cylinder is then compressed by the
Les conditions de l'injection sont telles que la pression en aval du clapet 38 s'est établie à une valeur P3 comprise entre P2 et P1.The conditions of the injection are such that the pressure downstream of the
Sinon, si le conduit 36 s'est suffisamment vidé pendant l'injection pour atteindre une pression inférieure à P1, alors dans ce cas, le clapet 38 s'ouvre pendant la compression pour permettre au conduit 36 d'atteindre une pression proche de P1 au moment où la montée du piston masque la lumière 37. La suite se déroule de façon identique dans les deux cas.Otherwise, if the
Ainsi, le clapet 38 reste donc fermé jusqu'au moment où le point de fonctionnement revient en A (configuration de la figure 2). Le piston 30a découvre la lumière 37, si bien que la partie amont du conduit 35 est mise à la pression P2 > P3. Le clapet 38 s'ouvre et la partie aval du conduit 35 constituant la capacité de réserve de gaz d'injection se recharge en gaz brûlés à la pression P2.Thus, the
Sur la figure 4, on a représenté une variante de réalisation du dispositif d'injection 32 représenté sur les figures 1 et 2. Les éléments correspondants sur les figures 1 et 2 d'une part et 4 d'autre part portent les mêmes repères avec l'exposant' en ce qui concerne les éléments du dispositif représenté sur la figure 4.In Figure 4, there is shown an alternative embodiment of the
Le dispositif d'injection 32' comporte un conduit 36' analogue au conduit 36 du dispositif représenté sur les figures 1 et 2 communiquant à l'une de ses extrémités par une lumière 37' avec la chambre intérieure du cylindre 30' et, à son autre extrémité avec la chambre de l'injecteur communiquant par l'intermédiaire de la soupape 33' avec la partie supérieure du cylindre 30'. Un clapet 38' est intercalé sur le conduit 36' et sépare ce conduit 36' en une partie amont communiquant avec la lumière 37' du cylindre 30' et une partie aval communiquant avec l'injecteur pneumatique.The injection device 32 'comprises a conduit 36' similar to the
En amont du clapet 38', le conduit 36' est relié par l'intermédiaire d'un conduit 50 et d'un clapet 51 avec une source d'air frais qui peut être constituée par l'air atmosphérique, le clapet 51 ayant son entrée à l'air libre.Upstream of the valve 38 ', the conduit 36' is connected by means of a conduit 50 and a
Pendant la phase d'échappement des gaz et de balayage du cylindre 30' du moteur deux temps, la chambre de ce cylindre 30' peut être mise en dépression par les effets d'onde d'échappement. Cette mise en dépression provoque l'ouverture du clapet 51 et le balayage de la partie amont du conduit 36' dans le cylindre 30 par de l'air frais.During the gas exhaust and scanning phase of the cylinder 30 'of the two-stroke engine, the chamber of this cylinder 30' can be put under vacuum by the exhaust wave effects. This vacuum causes the
Le dispositif suivant l'invention présente dans tous les cas l'avantage d'utiliser pour la pulvérisation et l'injection du carburant, du gaz sous pression disponible dans le moteur même. Ce gaz sous pression peut d'autre part être prélevé à proximité de l'endroit où il est utilisé pour l'injection de carburant dans le cylindre. Les pressions de gaz peuvent d'autre part être très élevées par rapport à la pression dans le cylindre au moment de l'injection, ce qui améliore d'autant la qualité de la pulvérisation et de l'injection de carburant. Il est d'autre part possible de limiter à une valeur faible la perte de rendement du moteur en utilisant principalement des gaz brûlés pour assurer l'injection.The device according to the invention has in all cases the advantage of using, for spraying and injecting fuel, pressurized gas available in the engine itself. This pressurized gas can also be taken near the place where it is used for injecting fuel into the cylinder. Gas pressures can also be very high compared to the pressure in the cylinder at the time of injection, which improves the quality of the fuel spraying and injection. On the other hand, it is possible to limit the loss of engine efficiency to a low value by using mainly burnt gases for injection.
L'invention ne se limite pas aux modes de réalisation qui ont été décrits.The invention is not limited to the embodiments which have been described.
On peut en particulier envisager l'utilisation d'injecteurs de formes différentes, de capacités de stockage des gaz sous pression dans des dispositions variées par rapport à l'injecteur et aux cylindres et des cames de commande de l'injecteur de formes diverses.One can in particular consider the use of injectors of different shapes, of gas pressure storage capacities in various arrangements relative to the injector and to the cylinders and control cams of the injector of various shapes.
L'invention s'applique non seulement aux moteurs à deux temps mais encore à tout moteur alternatif à combustion interne dans lequel sont réalisés indépendamment une introduction et un balayage d'air frais et une injection pneumatique de carburant.The invention applies not only to two-stroke engines but also to any reciprocating internal combustion engine in which an introduction and a sweep of fresh air and a pneumatic injection of fuel are produced independently.
On ne sortira pas du cadre de la présente invention en utilisant à la place de la soupape 20, 33, 43, 46 ou 33' une soupape automatique fonctionnant comme un clapet, un boisseau tournant ou une soupape à commande électromagnétique.It will not depart from the scope of the present invention to use instead of the
Claims (5)
- A pneumatic fuel injection device in a cylinder (30, 30') of an alternating internal combustion engine with at least one cylinder (30, 30'), a means for supplying the cylinder with non-carburetted air for scavenging and a pneumatic fuel injection device (32, 32'), comprising a pneumatic injector with a chamber having an outlet in a cylinder, a means for supplying the pneumatic injector with liquid fuel and a means for supplying the pneumatic injector separately with pressurised gas to atomise and inject the fuel into the cylinder (30, 30'), the means (35) for supplying the injector with pressurised gas cooperating with the chamber of the engine cylinder and constituting a storage reservoir connected to the cylinder chamber in which pneumatic injection takes place via the pneumatic injector, having its outlet in the upper part of the cylinder at the level of a seat for a control valve (33, 33') characterised in that the device (35, 35') for supplying the injector (32) with pressurised gas is formed by a pipe communicating at one of its ends with the chamber of the cylinder (30, 30') via a port (37) located on the internal surface of the chamber of the cylinder (30) scavenged by the piston (30a) and at its other end with the chamber of the pneumatic injector (32) having its outlet in the chamber of the cylinder (30, 30') at the level of a seat for a valve (33, 33') and in that it also has a valve (38, 38') located on the pipe (36, 36') and delineating the upstream part of this pipe in communication with the chamber of the cylinder via the port (37, 37') and a downstream section communicating with the chamber of the injector (32, 32'), the valve (38, 38') being movable by means of the differential pressure in the direction from upstream to downstream.
- An injection device in accordance with claim 1, characterised in that the valve (33, 33') is controlled by a cam (34) of a form and configuration that allow the valve to open twice during one cycle, a first time before compression in order to effect the fuel injection and a second time during decompression to allow the pressurised gas reservoir to be recharged.
- A device in accordance with one of claims 1 or 2, characterised in that the upstream part of the pipe (36') is connected via a pipe (50) and a valve (51) to a source of scavenging gas in the upstream pipe (36').
- A device in accordance with one of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the pneumatic injector has a fuel injector that operates discontinuously.
- A device in accordance with claim 4, characterised in that the fuel injector operates only when the valve is closed.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR8718359A FR2625532B1 (en) | 1987-12-30 | 1987-12-30 | METHOD FOR PNEUMATIC FUEL INJECTION IN A CYLINDER OF AN INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE AND CORRESPONDING INJECTION DEVICE |
| FR8718359 | 1987-12-30 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0323368A1 EP0323368A1 (en) | 1989-07-05 |
| EP0323368B1 true EP0323368B1 (en) | 1994-06-22 |
Family
ID=9358434
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP88403381A Expired - Lifetime EP0323368B1 (en) | 1987-12-30 | 1988-12-30 | Device for pneumatically injecting fuel |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US5027765A (en) |
| EP (1) | EP0323368B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP2777893B2 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE3850378T2 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2625532B1 (en) |
| IN (1) | IN172186B (en) |
Families Citing this family (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2668546B2 (en) * | 1990-05-21 | 1994-10-07 | Inst Francais Du Petrole | TWO-STROKE ENGINE HAVING A PNEUMATIC FUEL MIXTURE INJECTION DEVICE. |
| FR2662213A1 (en) * | 1990-05-21 | 1991-11-22 | Inst Francais Du Petrole | Method for pneumatic fuel injection into a two-stroke engine, and corresponding two-stroke engine |
| GB2304811A (en) * | 1995-08-26 | 1997-03-26 | Ford Motor Co | Engine intake fuel atomisation |
| US6079379A (en) * | 1998-04-23 | 2000-06-27 | Design & Manufacturing Solutions, Inc. | Pneumatically controlled compressed air assisted fuel injection system |
| US6293235B1 (en) | 1998-08-21 | 2001-09-25 | Design & Manufacturing Solutions, Inc. | Compressed air assisted fuel injection system with variable effective reflection length |
| US6273037B1 (en) | 1998-08-21 | 2001-08-14 | Design & Manufacturing Solutions, Inc. | Compressed air assisted fuel injection system |
| US6460494B1 (en) * | 2000-06-07 | 2002-10-08 | Design & Manufacturing Solutions, Inc. | Compressed air assisted fuel injection system with reflection wave and variable restriction injection port |
| WO2005019635A1 (en) * | 2003-08-26 | 2005-03-03 | Tyteam Pty Limited | Direct injected two stroke combustion |
| US9677468B2 (en) * | 2014-04-10 | 2017-06-13 | Kan K Cheng | Two-cycle pneumatic injection engine |
Family Cites Families (20)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE210259C (en) * | ||||
| GB191410643A (en) * | 1913-05-23 | 1914-08-27 | Aksel Christian Frede Gottlieb | Improved Four-stroke-cycle Internal Combustion Engine. |
| US1377139A (en) * | 1919-04-09 | 1921-05-03 | Murphy John Francis | Internal-combustion engine |
| FR630487A (en) * | 1926-06-03 | 1927-12-03 | Injection system for internal combustion engines | |
| FR901122A (en) * | 1943-09-04 | 1945-07-18 | Prospection Ind Soc D | Injection device for volatile fuel |
| CH270337A (en) * | 1946-10-17 | 1950-08-31 | Chausson Usines Sa | Method of operating a two-stroke explosion engine, and engine for implementing this method. |
| PL97947B3 (en) * | 1974-06-18 | 1978-03-30 | Politechnika Krakowska | FOUR-STROKE MULTIPLE CYLINDER COMBUSTION ENGINE WITH SPARK IGNITION |
| JPS5174107A (en) * | 1974-11-26 | 1976-06-26 | Politechnika Krakowska | NIKOTEITASHIRINDAHIBANATENKAHONPURESUFUNSHANAINENKIKAN |
| DE2714090A1 (en) * | 1977-03-30 | 1978-10-05 | Auguste Moiroux | Combustion chamber for IC engine - has storage chamber separated from ignition chamber by poppet valve |
| JPS59687B2 (en) * | 1977-09-27 | 1984-01-07 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | Combustion chamber of internal combustion engine |
| JPS6022170B2 (en) * | 1977-12-02 | 1985-05-31 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | Combustion accelerator for multi-cylinder internal combustion engines |
| JPS6041206B2 (en) * | 1978-01-17 | 1985-09-14 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | Combustion chamber of internal combustion engine |
| JPS56124266A (en) * | 1980-03-03 | 1981-09-29 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | Semiconductor device |
| JPS5713269A (en) * | 1980-06-30 | 1982-01-23 | Komatsu Ltd | Fuel injection device |
| JPS57191451A (en) * | 1981-05-19 | 1982-11-25 | Diesel Kiki Co Ltd | Mechanism for supplying compressed air to fuel injection valve |
| US4406260A (en) * | 1982-02-08 | 1983-09-27 | General Motors Corporation | Valved prechamber diesel engine and methods of operating |
| FR2575523B1 (en) * | 1984-12-28 | 1989-04-07 | Inst Francais Du Petrole | DEVICE AND METHOD FOR INJECTING FUEL ASSISTED BY COMPRESSED AIR OR GAS IN AN ENGINE |
| JPS6388262A (en) * | 1986-09-30 | 1988-04-19 | Suzuki Motor Co Ltd | Oxygen enriching device for internal combustion engine |
| JPS6392076A (en) * | 1986-10-06 | 1988-04-22 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | Semiconductor laser |
| US4787343A (en) * | 1986-11-07 | 1988-11-29 | Walbro Corporation | Combustion enhancer for internal combustion engines |
-
1987
- 1987-12-30 FR FR8718359A patent/FR2625532B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1988
- 1988-12-30 JP JP63335688A patent/JP2777893B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1988-12-30 EP EP88403381A patent/EP0323368B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1988-12-30 US US07/292,530 patent/US5027765A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1988-12-30 DE DE3850378T patent/DE3850378T2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1989
- 1989-05-09 IN IN362/MAS/89A patent/IN172186B/en unknown
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FR2625532A1 (en) | 1989-07-07 |
| EP0323368A1 (en) | 1989-07-05 |
| FR2625532B1 (en) | 1993-04-23 |
| US5027765A (en) | 1991-07-02 |
| DE3850378D1 (en) | 1994-07-28 |
| JPH02223669A (en) | 1990-09-06 |
| IN172186B (en) | 1993-05-01 |
| DE3850378T2 (en) | 1994-11-17 |
| JP2777893B2 (en) | 1998-07-23 |
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