EP0313673A1 - Transportable cabin - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a transportable cabin, e.g. changing or toilet cubicle, consisting of a base part (1), a roof part (2) and a side-wall part (3) with a door opening (5). In order to create a cabin of this type, which can be handled more easily with regard to various requirements, such as low dead weight, good transportability, attractive appearance and rapid convertibility and assembly, it is proposed according to the invention to hold the cabin parts together mechanically using clamping bolts (4) passing right through from the roof part (2) to the base part (1), one of the clamping bolts (4) being arranged on the edge of the door opening (5) and forming a hinge shaft for a door (6). <IMAGE>

Description

The invention relates to a portable cabin, e.g. Changing or toilet cubicle, consisting of a floor part, a ceiling part and a side wall part with a door opening.

Such cabins are known and are installed, for example, including the corresponding internals as toilet cubicles on construction sites, parking lots and other places where water, sewer and possibly also electricity connections are not available or where the cabins on possibly existing lines are not available due to a short-term need should be connected.

In the cabins known to date, assembly, installation and disposal are relatively complex and expensive. Some of them have a high weight, are difficult to transport and often look unsightly and unclean to the user. Furthermore, changing from a ladies' toilet to a men's toilet (provided with a urinal) is often only possible with considerable effort or not at all.

As the demands on hygiene and comfort are constantly increasing and because toilets are also mandatory for environmental reasons due to legal requirements on certain occasions and in certain areas, the need for appropriate facilities is growing rapidly. Furthermore, there is also a need for mobile changing rooms, for example on swimming lakes and at the sea. Another purpose for mobile cabins is to use them as cash registers on different occasions, newspaper stands, shower cubicles or guard houses.

The invention has for its object to provide a cabin with the features mentioned, which in In view of the different requirements mentioned is easier to handle. In particular, such a cabin should be easy to assemble and transport.

This object is achieved in that the bolt parts hold the cabin parts together mechanically from the ceiling part to the bottom part, one of the clamping bolts being arranged at the edge of the door opening and forming a hinge shaft for a door.

The clamping bolts, which can be provided with a head at one end and with a thread at the other end, are inserted, for example, through openings provided in the cabin parts and hold the cabin together as a unit. One of the bolts expediently forms the shaft for a door hinge, so that these bolts simultaneously ensure a firm cohesion of the three main parts of the cabin and result in a very stable anchoring for the door.

In the preferred embodiment of the invention it is provided that a total of four clamping bolts are provided which run at least partially in the interior of the side wall part. The side wall part expediently has corresponding recesses or bores in which the clamping bolts are guided. The clamping bolts arranged in this way not only achieve a firm connection between the ceiling part, bottom part and side wall part but also achieve a very precise alignment of the side wall part. It is sufficient if the clamping bolts run or are covered in the areas of the side wall part which are visible from the inside or outside. Only in the hinge area of the door can one of the bolts be partially visible. In the cabins that are usually only intended for the stay of one person, a number of four clamping bolts is sufficient for sufficient stability of the entire cabin. To further improve the stability, it proves expedient if, according to the invention, the cover part and the side wall part are lumpy.

In the case of use as a toilet cubicle, the invention provides that a closed combination tank with a toilet bowl and urinal is arranged as a separate component inside the cubicle.

Toilet bowl, urinal and tank form a unit, so that they can be used in the cabin with little effort, only loosening the four clamping bolts, lifting off the ceiling part with the side wall part and inserting the combination tank. Then the side wall part and ceiling part are lowered again and the clamping bolts projecting from the cover through the side wall part into the bottom part are fastened. Except for the inlets of the toilet bowl, the urinal and one. The combination or combination tank is closed on all sides for ventilation and possibly its own emptying opening.

In the preferred embodiment of the invention it is provided that the side wall part has an essentially horizontally extending, step-shaped shoulder on the inside, which sits on an edge of the combination tank which is formed in a form-fitting manner with the side wall part. When fastening the clamping bolts, for example by tightening a screw nut on the thread at the end of a clamping bolt, the side wall part with its step-shaped heel is then pressed firmly onto the form-fitting underneath edge of the combination tank and holds it firmly in place. To securely fix the combi tank, a stop or web for the combi tank can also be provided on the bottom part.

An embodiment of the invention has proven to be expedient and advantageous, in which the tensioning bolts extend with their upper end beyond the ceiling part of the cabin and have crane eyelets there. Such a cabin can be hung up quickly and securely on its crane eyelets and, for example, can be transported to a high-altitude floor by a crane on a high-rise construction site. The crane eyelets are also one when loading from and onto trucks useful help.

Handling during loading and transportation of the cabins is also facilitated in that the base part is designed in a pallet-like manner to accommodate fork-lift forks. In this way, forklifts can grasp the bottom part of the cabin from below and easily transport the cabin.

An embodiment of the invention is preferred in which cross-shaped grooves are formed on the underside of the base part for receiving stacker forks.

Advantageously, the bottom part can be gripped by forklifts from directions perpendicular to each other. For example, the cabins can be loaded onto a truck from the side with a forklift and then unloaded from the rear of the truck, for example on a ramp from which the loading area can be driven with the well-known hydraulic transport carts, which also have fork-shaped lifting elements and are often used to transport pallets.

Furthermore, the handling of the cabins is facilitated according to the invention in that essentially vertically extending grip grooves are formed on the outside of the side wall part.

Such grip grooves, which are preferably arranged on the sides of the side wall part lying next to the door and the opposite rear wall, serve to move a cabin standing on the floor to its final location or to a place suitable for loading by moving, tilting or twisting. A cabin according to the invention, which is developed, for example, as a toilet, has an empty weight of approximately 130 kg and can so tilted, turned and moved by one person depending on the nature of the floor, because the grip grooves provide sufficient grip.

In the preferred embodiment of the invention, the cabin floor plan is elongated octagonal, two long sides lying diametrically opposite one another, one of which forms the rear wall side and the other the door side, and adjacent sides each enclosing an angle of approximately 120 to 150 °.

This cabin geometry corresponds approximately to that of a rectangle, the corners of which are chamfered. Material is saved without a noticeable reduction in the space available and handling of the cabin is also made easier by a corresponding reduction in weight.

According to the invention, a cabin geometry is preferred in which the shorter six sides are essentially the same - and each are approximately half as long as the long sides. This results in a maximum of material savings without any significant downsizing of the interior, since the corner areas are generally not used well anyway.

It proves to be very useful and space-saving if, according to the invention, the back of the toilet bowl is arranged on a side wall adjacent to the rear wall, while the urinal is arranged essentially on the other side wall adjacent to the rear wall. This special arrangement of the toilet bowl, in which the longitudinal axis of the toilet seat extends approximately in the direction of the diagonal of the floor plan completed to form a rectangle, offers the people using the toilet a maximum of freedom of movement, and the cabin as a whole can be designed for minimal external dimensions, since this their handling easier. In addition, with this arrangement of the toilet bowl, the arrangement which was previously unusual in such cabins is also egg urinal possible.

It proves to be very advantageous that, according to the invention, a hand-cleaning basin can be positively placed on the urinal with its underside.

The conversion from a men's toilet to a women's toilet is therefore possible in a simple manner by placing the hand cleaning basin on the urinal, which is covered and serves as a drain for the hand wash basin. If there is no water connection and drainage, a so-called drip tap can be arranged above the hand cleaning basin, from which a prepared washing lotion flows in small quantities from a storage vessel. The form-fitting design of the underside of the hand cleaning basin, which partially engages the urinal with its lower part and rests on the edge of the urinal with a shoulder formed above the lower part, ensures a secure and non-slip fit of the hand cleaning basin.

Advantageously, according to the invention, a multipurpose block with a soap dispenser, toilet paper compartment, lamp, battery compartment and an integrated ventilation channel, which extends from the inside of the combination tank to the outside of the cover part, is provided above and behind the urinal. This block, which can be manufactured as a separate component, fulfills all the necessary and desirable additional functions in a toilet cubicle. The ventilation duct for the combi tank is particularly necessary if the toilet is used as a chemical toilet due to the lack of water and sewage connections. The multi-purpose block is simply plugged onto the combination tank, extends to the cover part, and is held either by the force exerted by the clamping bolts between the cover and combination tank and / or by a corresponding extension of the ventilation channel into the ventilation opening in the cover part.

UV-stabilized polyethylene is the preferred material for the cabin, the door and the built-in parts such as the combi tank, hand-cleaning basin and multi-purpose block. This material fulfills the necessary hygienic requirements, enables the sometimes complicated shape relatively easily and has sufficient stability with low weight.

• Figur 1 einen perspektivischen Aufriß einer als Toilette ausgebildeten Kabine,
• Figur 2 eine Draufsicht auf die Kabine gemäß Figur 1 ohne Deckelteil,
• Figur 3 die Explosionsdarstellung einer Toilettenkabine und
• Figur 4 die Ansicht einer geschlossenen Kabine von vorn.

Further advantages, features and possible uses of the present invention result from the following description of preferred embodiments and the associated figures. Show it:

• FIG. 1 shows a perspective elevation of a cabin designed as a toilet,
• FIG. 2 shows a plan view of the cabin according to FIG. 1 without a cover part,
• Figure 3 shows the exploded view of a toilet cubicle and
• Figure 4 shows the view of a closed cabin from the front.

In Figure 1 you can see a cabin, the front of which has been partially omitted, so that the interior of the cabin is fully visible. The bottom part 1, the top part 2 and the side wall part 3 can be seen. The door 6, which is shown in part, can be locked by a lock 25 and has a recessed grip 26 below the lock 25 for opening the door. Side wall part 3 and cover part 2 are integrally connected to one another. The floor plan is essentially octagonal, the door side 14 and the rear wall 13 opposite the door being approximately twice as long as the six other sides of substantially the same length. The bottom part 1 is pressed with the aid of clamping bolts 4 running through the side wall part 3 from the cover part 2, against the lower edge of the side wall part 3, an exact alignment of the side wall part 3 on the peripheral edge region 27 of the bottom part 1 by guiding the clamping bolts 4 into the for intended openings of the side wall part 3 and the bottom part 1 on the one hand and on the other hand is achieved by a peripheral web 28 running around the bottom part 1.

The tensioning bolts 4 have crane eyelets 7 at their upper end, on which the cabin can be safely raised with the aid of ropes and / or hooks, since the tensioning bolts 4 directly connected to the crane eyelets 7 are anchored in the floor part 1 of the cabin. The clamping bolts 4 consist essentially of round steel material, the head end either being formed directly as a lifting eye 7 or having a corresponding opening for receiving a lifting eye 7, while the other end is provided with a thread, so that the base part 1 is attached by means of nuts the side wall part 3 and the cover part 1 can be attached. The total length of the clamping bolt 4 is accordingly somewhat larger than the height of the side wall part 3.

One of the clamping bolts 4 forms a hinge shaft for the door 6, this clamping bolt 4 alternately reaching through hinge elements 29 of the side wall part provided with suitable bores and comb-like hinge elements 30 of the door 6 which engage with them. The stability of this door anchor and the other components of the cabin are an effective protection against willful destruction, as can often be found in public facilities.

On the bottom part 1, crosswise grooves 8 can be seen, which are provided for receiving the forks of a forklift or a hydraulic lift truck. The forks can be inserted into the corresponding grooves 8 both from the door side 14 or the rear wall 13 and from the side walls 15b, 15e running at right angles thereto.

On the right edge of the figure 1 you can see that the side wall part 3 has a step-shaped inside Paragraph 16 forms, which is seated on a form-fitting edge 17 of the combination tank 9 formed with the side wall part 3. When the clamping bolts 4 are tightened, the combination tank 9 is also clamped and held between this stepped shoulder 16 and the base part 1. A bottom web 31 running on the bottom of the bottom part 1 also ensures that the combination tank 9 is held securely.

In Figure 2 you can see very clearly the octagonal floor plan of the cabin and the arrangement of the toilet bowl 11 and the urinal 12 and the hand cleaning bowl 18, which look essentially the same in plan view. A step 32 in front of the toilet bowl 11 enables a higher attachment of the toilet bowl 11 and thus an increase in the tank volume of the combination tank 9. In FIG. 2 it can also be clearly seen that a relatively large amount of free space in front of and next to the toilet bowl allows sufficient freedom of movement.

In addition, it can be clearly seen in FIG. 2 that the rear wall 13 and the side walls 15a-f are slightly curved outwards. This curvature, which is given to the side wall part 3 by appropriate shaping of the ceiling part 2 and the bottom part 1 from the outset, is intended to prevent thermal loads such as e.g. Sunlight the side wall part 3 bulges inwards.

The arrangement of the clamping bolts 4 and the cross section of the door frame 33 and the door hinge can also be clearly seen in FIG. 2.

In the exploded view of Figure 3 you can see that a cabin designed as a toilet consists essentially of five plastic components and four clamping bolts. In addition to the components of the base part 1 already described, the bores 34 for the clamping bolts 4 and a recess 35 for a drain pipe can also be seen in this illustration.

The combination tank 9 consists essentially of the toilet bowl 11 with a lid, the urinal 12 and a lower part 36, which forms the actual tank volume and includes the volume of the stage 32. Apart from the inlet openings of the toilet bowl 11 and the urinal 12 and the ventilation opening 37, the combination tank 9 is closed on all sides. However, it can have an outlet pipe on its rear side, which is arranged in the recess 35 of the base part 1 and can either be connected to a sewer or central pipe system or can be provided with a pipe coupling for connecting a suction device.

Both the bottom of the combination tank 9 and the surface of the bottom part 1 located underneath are inclined in the same way in the direction of the recess 35 in order to facilitate the draining of the substances to be extracted or washed away.

The hand cleaning basin 18 shown above the urinal 12 can be placed on it in a form-fitting manner, the lower part 38 engaging in the urinal 12 and the hand cleaning basin 18 with its shoulder 39 resting on the edge of the urinal 12. The multipurpose block 19 is inserted into the vent opening 37 of the combination tank 9 with a suitable tube attachment, which is not visible in the perspective illustration in FIG. 3, and is otherwise seated on the edge of this opening and on the edge of the urinal 12. The multi-purpose block 19 extends as far as the ceiling part 2, the ventilation channel 24 running in the multi-purpose block 19 establishing a connection between the combination tank 9 and an external ventilation opening arranged in the lid part 2 that is essentially sealed against the interior of the cabin. Like the combination tank 9 through the step-shaped shoulder 16 of the side wall part 3, the multi-purpose block 19 is also held by the pressure of the cover part 2 which is pulled down by the clamping bolts 4.

In addition to the ventilation channel 24, the multi-purpose block 19 also has a soap dispenser 20, a toilet paper compartment 21 with a holder for toilet paper, a lamp 22 and a battery compartment 23.

3 shows the side wall part 3 together with the ceiling part 2, which are integrally connected to one another. This illustration shows two of the total of four grip grooves 10 and the step-shaped shoulder 16, by which the edge 17 of the combination tank 9 is held. Below the edge 17 attached to the combination tank 9, it can be seen in FIG. 1 that between the inner wall of the side wall part 3 and the outer wall of the combination tank 9 there is sufficient space 40 for laying lines in the event that the combination tank 9 and / or the toilet bowl 11 to be provided with a water rinse.

Figure 4 shows the closed cabin in the view from the front. The plastic material from which the cabin is made is sufficiently translucent that lighting inside the cabin is not absolutely necessary. At the same time, no backlit shadows can be seen in the back of the cabin, since the light is completely diffused in the wall material of the cabin. The stable hinge construction of the door 6, which is pivotably mounted about one of the clamping bolts 4, is clearly visible in FIG. The door can be locked from the inside with a simple plastic latch and can also be opened from the outside with the help of a simple tool. Depending on the intended use, the cabin is provided with different internals, when used as a ticket booth or the like, a rectangular field can be cut out of the door 6 or the opposite rear wall 13 with relatively little effort, into which either a window with a frame or simply one opening flap is to be used.

The basic structure of the cabin according to the invention is very simple and yet it is of stable and robust construction with a low weight. It can also be moved and set up by a single person without any aids and is very easy to load and transport due to the lifting eyes 7 and the pallet-like bottom part 1. In its basic structure, it only consists of the base part 1 and the cover part 2, which is integral with the side wall part 3, and the door 6, which are held together by only four clamping bolts 4. The installation of a cabin can therefore be carried out within a few minutes, as can, for example, the change from a changing room to a toilet cabin, whereby a toilet cabin can be converted from a men's to a women's toilet and vice versa within seconds. Should the cabins be converted more often, i.e. can be used both as a changing cubicle and as a toilet cubicle, either the floor bridge 31 can be omitted or an additional covering plate can be provided for the floor when used as a cubicle changing cubicle. The space in the cabin is completely sufficient for one person, so that the interior can also be provided with fittings other than those already described.

The side wall part 3 can be formed in one piece with the bottom part 1 instead of with the ceiling part 2 in a completely analogous manner.

Claims (15)

1. Transportable cabin, for example changing or toilet cabin, consisting of a floor part (1), a ceiling part (2) and a side wall part (3) with a door opening (5), characterized in that from the ceiling part (2) to the floor part ( 1) continuous clamping bolts (4) which mechanically hold the cabin parts together, one of the clamping bolts (4) being arranged at the edge of the door opening (5) and forming a hinge shaft for a door (6). 2. Transportable cabin according to claim 1, characterized in that a total of four clamping bolts (4) are provided, which at least partially run inside the side wall part (3). 3. Cabin according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the ceiling part (2) with the side wall part (3) is integrally formed. 4. Cabin according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that a closed combination tank (9) with toilet bowl (11) and urinal (12) is arranged as a separate component in the interior of the cabin. 5. Cabin according to claim 4, characterized in that the side wall part (3) has on its inside a substantially horizontally extending step-shaped shoulder (16) which on an interlocking with the side wall part (3) formed edge (17) of the combination tank (9th ) sits on. 6. Cabin according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the clamping bolts (4) protrude with their upper end over the ceiling part (2) of the cabin and have crane eyelets (7) there. 7. Cabin according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the bottom part (1) is designed to receive forked forks in a pallet-like manner. 8. Cabin according to claim 7, characterized in that on the underside of the bottom part (1) crosswise grooves (8) are formed for receiving forklift forks. 9. Cabin according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that on the outside of the side wall part (3) substantially vertically extending grip grooves (10) are formed. 10. Cabin according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the floor plan of the cabin is elongated octagonal, two long sides (13, 14) lying diametrically opposite one another, one of which is the rear wall side (13) and the other the door side (14) forms, and with adjacent sides each enclosing an angle of approximately 120 to 150 °. 11. Cabin according to claim 10, characterized in that the remaining shorter six sides (15a - f) are substantially the same - and are about half as long as the long sides (13, 14). 12. Cabin according to one of claims 4 to 11, characterized in that the toilet bowl (11) with its rear wall on one of the rear wall (13) adjacent side wall (15c, d) is arranged, while the urinal (12) substantially on the each other of the rear wall (13) adjacent side wall (15d, c) is arranged. 13. Cabin according to one of claims 4 to 12, characterized in that a hand cleaning basin (18) with its underside positively on the urinal (12) is attachable. 14. Cabin according to one of claims 4 to 13, characterized in that above and behind the urinal (12) a multi-purpose block (19) with soap dispenser (20), toilet paper compartment (21), lamp (22), battery compartment (23) and one Integrated ventilation channel (24), which extends from the inside of the combination tank (9) to the outside of the ceiling part (2), is provided. 15. Cabin according to one of claims 4 to 14, characterized in that inside. the cabin, the bottom part (1) below the combination tank (9) slopes towards a side wall (15d), that at the lower end of this side wall (15d) there is an opening for a duct connection and that the bottom of the combination tank (9) has a corresponding one Inclination.

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