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EP0305319B1 - Dispositif et procédé pour réduire l'entraînement de scories pour une quantité résiduelle d'acier minimale dans un convertisseur - Google Patents

Dispositif et procédé pour réduire l'entraînement de scories pour une quantité résiduelle d'acier minimale dans un convertisseur Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0305319B1
EP0305319B1 EP88730182A EP88730182A EP0305319B1 EP 0305319 B1 EP0305319 B1 EP 0305319B1 EP 88730182 A EP88730182 A EP 88730182A EP 88730182 A EP88730182 A EP 88730182A EP 0305319 B1 EP0305319 B1 EP 0305319B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
trough
converter
slag
discharge aperture
steel
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP88730182A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0305319A1 (fr
Inventor
Klaus Dr.-Ing. Berner
Ulrich Dr.-Ing. Eulenburg
Walter Dr.-Ing. Zimnik
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Preussag Stahl AG
Original Assignee
Preussag Stahl AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Preussag Stahl AG filed Critical Preussag Stahl AG
Priority to AT88730182T priority Critical patent/ATE89866T1/de
Publication of EP0305319A1 publication Critical patent/EP0305319A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0305319B1 publication Critical patent/EP0305319B1/fr
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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
    • C21C5/28—Manufacture of steel in the converter
    • C21C5/42—Constructional features of converters
    • C21C5/46—Details or accessories
    • C21C5/4653—Tapholes; Opening or plugging thereof
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
    • C21C5/28—Manufacture of steel in the converter
    • C21C5/42—Constructional features of converters
    • C21C5/44—Refractory linings

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device and a method for reducing the proportion of accompanying slag when tapping converters for steel production.
  • the running of slag essentially occurs - at a critical minimum height of the liquid steel above the tap opening - through the formation of a vortex or a channel sink into which slag is drawn.
  • the critical height is 200 to 300 mm above the tap opening.
  • the described brick converter interior has a converter belly, which is formed from truncated cone-shaped upper and lower converter halves, the base of which is elliptically shaped in each case.
  • the tap hole is located in the converter belly at the apex of the smallest ellipse arc.
  • the converter is tilted so that the tap hole is at the lowest converter point.
  • DE-OS 34 41 324 it is known from DE-OS 34 41 324 to generate a gas bubble curtain made of inert gas around a ladle tap hole in that a perforated brick that can be used from the inside of the ladle contains highly porous, tubular or annular refractory elements through which gas is blown from the bottom.
  • DE-OS 14 33 511 discloses a converter which has a component flanged in front of an opening in the converter wall with a refractory brick funnel and tap hole. This arrangement is intended to serve the same purpose as the bleed hole on conventional converters.
  • DE-PS 26 39 712 shows a ratio pyrometer for detecting slag running with the cast jet and then swiveling in a tap hole closure.
  • DE-OS 31 26 559 shows a field coil that detects the cast jet, with which slag can be located in the cast jet. It is also shown that a converter is only pivoted very slightly about its 90-degree tilt position from the start of tapping until the critical bath height (steel and slag) of 600 mm is reached.
  • the converter should then be rotated continuously in an upright position while immersing and guiding an immersion body via a linkage, with no slag being able to run out from around 73 degrees.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object of shifting the running of slag as far as possible to the end of the tapping process without great design effort for immersion bodies, guide rods, etc., when only a small residual amount of steel is present in the converter.
  • the running of slag is caused by a flow of steel generated due to the tilting movement and the shape of the converter. This gradually forms when the steel runs out through the tap hole.
  • the above-mentioned object is consequently achieved in that the formation of the biaxial flow, in particular the circulating or vortex flow (flow with a tangential component) in the potential field around the tap hole, is largely delayed by a special design of the surroundings of the tap hole and the amount of residual steel when vortex formation occurs is minimized.
  • the trough depth is determined depending on the converter dimensions and the amount of steel or slag as well as the tap hole diameter in accordance with the resulting critical steel bath height at which the vortex formation would start.
  • Weirs can also be installed in the trough, which further impede the eddy flow.
  • the trough can furthermore have an overlap within the trough in the area of the vertebral sink forming in the converter content, which creates a slag-free zone on the steel bath in the trough.
  • the overlap should not protrude over the edge of the trough and could form a unit made of refractory mass with the weirs.
  • the trough can be designed as a recess from the brick lining, as an additional brick lining or as a bulge of the converter jacket with a brick lining.
  • a supplementary measure to largely prevent flows with a tangential component is the intermittent introduction of inert gas next to the tapping tube. Gas bubbles rise through the melt located above the tapping tube, which interferes with the formation of a potential flow.
  • the intermittent supply of argon or nitrogen or other gas which is as cheap as possible but inert has three advantages. Compared to a constant gas supply, this process lowers the costs. In addition, the vortex disturbance is intense if there is no quasi-steady state of flow in the converter content. In addition, in contrast to the continuous supply of gas, the slag is prevented from forming an emulsion with the steel and in this way prevents the slag from running in unintentionally.
  • the gas supply can be designed in the form of individual bores with tubes around the tap hole, but also as an annular gap around the tap hole.
  • the annular gap is preferably formed by a sheet metal jacket around the tap hole, which is customarily designed as a perforated brick which is open to the inside of the converter and has a gas connection to the outside.
  • the porous refractory materials usually used do not allow a sufficient impact with an inert gas. Since the tap hole is about ten times more worn than the converter lining, the tap tube and gas duct can be replaced several times as a pre-assembled unit during a converging trip.
  • the trough itself or the trough with built-in weirs and / or the cover over the tap hole can be replaced as a structural unit.
  • the trough and its internals, including the tapping tube and gas supply form an assembly unit.
  • the steel melt can be induced by electromagnetic fields, which are generated by coils embedded in the trough, a flow which either points in the direction of the axis of the tapping tube or acts against an existing tangential component of the flow.
  • electromagnetic fields which are generated by coils embedded in the trough, a flow which either points in the direction of the axis of the tapping tube or acts against an existing tangential component of the flow.
  • the trough serves as a delimited volume filled with liquid steel during which the occurrence of slag with a decreasing steel bath level can be determined using suitable measuring techniques (e.g. resistance measurement, induction measurement).
  • suitable measuring techniques e.g. resistance measurement, induction measurement.
  • the measuring devices can be designed to determine the occurrence of slag in the region of the trough or in the region of the tap hole. As soon as these devices detect slag in the region of the trough or the tap hole by means of appropriate measuring methods, the slag can be prevented from entering the pan, for example, by pivoting a stopper into the pouring opening.
  • a prerequisite for the effect of this device according to the invention is the control of the tilting movement of the converter, through which a uniform filling of the trough with steel is achieved during the entire tapping.
  • Known setpoint indicators can be used to show the trough position that cannot be viewed relative to the converter position for the helmsman.
  • a further increase in the effectiveness of the device according to the invention for reducing the amount of slag running along can be achieved by stiffening the slag, for example with coarse lime, which only melts through subsequent introduction and thus forms bonding bridges without a metallurgical reaction produce.
  • Fig. 1 shows a cross section through a converter 1 with a trough 21, which is designed as a bulge 5 around the tap hole 7.
  • the trough 21 formed by the bulge 5 of the converter jacket 11 and the lining 41 has a height H which is greater than the critical height for the formation of eddies in the converter content.
  • the cross-sectional area perpendicular to the axis of the tap hole 7 of the trough 21 is approximately 10 to 100 times larger than the cross-sectional area of the tap hole 7.
  • the tap hole 7 is preferably inclined at an angle ⁇ with respect to the horizontal.
  • Weirs 31 are provided in the trough 21 to prevent a rotationally symmetrical flow.
  • Fig. 2 shows a cross section through a converter 1 with a trough 22, which is designed as a cavity of the special lining 42 around the tap hole 7.
  • the trough 22 formed by the lining 42 has a height H which is greater than the critical height for the vortex formation.
  • the cross-sectional area perpendicular to the axis of the tap hole 7 of the trough 22 is approximately 10 to 100 times larger than the cross-sectional area of the tapping hole 7.
  • Weirs 32 are provided in the trough 22 to prevent a rotationally symmetrical flow.
  • FIG. 3 shows a section of a converter with a depression 23, which is designed as a recess in the lining 43 around the tap hole 7.
  • the trough 23 formed by the recess has a height H which is greater than the critical height for the vortex formation.
  • the cross-sectional area perpendicular to the axis of the tap hole 7 of the trough 23 is approximately 10 to 100 times larger than the cross-sectional area of the tap hole 7.
  • Weirs 33 are provided in the trough 23 to prevent a rotationally symmetrical flow.
  • a refractory filling compound 45 between the tap hole 8, which is connected to the converter jacket 11, and the tap hole stones 44.
  • inert gas feeds 6 are introduced, which start as individual pipes 6 and form an annular gap in the region below the depression 23 a sheet metal jacket 47 around the tap holes 44 can be executed.
  • the inert gas supply 6 can be guided through the end face 46 of the refractory filling compound 45 or through the tapping tube 8 or through the converter jacket 11.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Carbon Steel Or Casting Steel Manufacturing (AREA)

Claims (19)

  1. Dispositif pour réduire une quantité de scories entraînée à travers un trou de coulée vers la fin d'une opération de coulée d'un convertisseur pourvu d'un garnissage, le garnissage du convertisseur ayant la forme, au niveau du trou de coulée, d'une cuvette (21, 22, 23) dont la profondeur est approximativement égale ou supérieure à la hauteur critique pour une formation de tourbillons dans le contenu du convertisseur, dont la surface de projection dans le plan perpendiculaire à l'axe du trou de coulée (7) est au moins environ dix fois supérieure à la surface de section transversale de celui-ci mais sensiblement inférieure à la surface de projection selon AT-258 986 définie par les formes longitudinale et transversale du convertisseur, et dont la section transversale ne présente pas de symétrie de révolution par rapport à l'axe du trou de coulée (7).
  2. Dispositif selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la section transversale de la cuvette (21, 22, 23) est sensiblement rectangulaire.
  3. Dispositif selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce qu'il est prévu, dans la cuvette (21, 22, 23), des éléments formant barrages (31, 32, 33) qui gênent un courant tangentiel autour du trou de coulée (7).
  4. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce qu'un recouvrement est intégré dans la cuvette (21, 22, 23), au-dessus du trou de coulée (7).
  5. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que la cuvette (21) est définie par un bombement (5) du revêtement de convertisseur (11) et du garnissage (41).
  6. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que la cuvette (22) est définie par un garnissage (42) situé à l'intérieur du convertisseur.
  7. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que la cuvette (23) est définie par un creux du garnissage (43), au niveau du trou de coulée.
  8. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisé en ce qu'il est prévu, sur le côté du trou de coulée, au moins une conduite d'admission de gaz tubulaire (6) débouchant dans la partie inférieure de la cuvette.
  9. Dispositif selon la revendication 8, caractérisé en ce qu'au moins quelques briques cylindriques perforées (44) alignées pour former un trou de coulée sont entourées par un tube de revêtement en tôle (47) pour l'admission de gaz, qui est ouvert vers l'intérieur du convertisseur.
  10. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 1 à 9, caractérisé en ce que les briques perforées (44) et le tube de revêtement en tôle (47) forment une unité échangeable.
  11. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 1 à 10, caractérisé en ce qu'une partie au moins de la cuvette (21, 22, 23) constitue une unité de montage indépendante.
  12. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 1 à 11, caractérisé en ce que la cuvette (21, 22, 23), les briques perforées (44) et le tube de revêtement en tôle (47) constituent une unité de montage indépendante.
  13. Dispositif selon l'une au moins des revendications 1 à 12, caractérisé en ce que des bobines destinées à générer des champs électromagnétiques sont intégrées dans le garnissage (41, 42, 43) de la cuvette (21, 22, 23).
  14. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 1 à 13, caractérisé en ce qu'il est prévu, dans le garnissage (41, 42, 43), au niveau du trou de coulée (7), des dispositifs de mesure pour calculer la pénétration de scories dans la cuvette (21, 22, 23) et/ou dans le tuyau de coulée (8).
  15. Procédé pour réduire une quantité de scories entraînée à travers un trou de coulée (7) vers la fin d'une opération de coulée d'un convertisseur (1) pourvu d'un garnissage, utilisant des dispositifs selon l'une au moins des revendications 1 à 14, caractérisé en ce que le basculement du convertisseur (1) est commandé de telle sorte que pendant la coulée, le niveau du bain d'acier prévu au-dessus de la cuvette (21, 22, 23) et dans celle-ci, et en particulier au-dessus du trou de coulée (7), reste le plus longtemps possible supérieur à la hauteur critique pour une formation de tourbillons.
  16. Procédé selon la revendication 15, caractérisé en ce qu'il est prévu des agents qui sont amenés sur les scories, par exemple au-dessus de la cuvette (21, 22, 23), pour augmenter la viscosité des scories.
  17. Procédé selon la revendication 16, caractérisé en ce que de la chaux est répandue sur les scories.
  18. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 15 à 17, notamment avec un dispositif selon la revendication 8, caractérise en ce qu'un gaz inerte montant jusqu'aux scories, à travers le bain d'acier se trouvant dans la cuvette (21, 22, 23), est injecté par intermittence en un ou plusieurs endroits, près du trou de coulée (7).
  19. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 15 à 18, notamment avec un dispositif selon la revendication 13, caractérisé en ce que des champs électromagnétiques sont générés de telle sorte qu'une action est opposée à des courants apparaissant dans le contenu du convertisseur et présentant des composantes tangentielles, autour de l'axe du trou de coulée (7).
EP88730182A 1987-08-20 1988-08-12 Dispositif et procédé pour réduire l'entraînement de scories pour une quantité résiduelle d'acier minimale dans un convertisseur Expired - Lifetime EP0305319B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT88730182T ATE89866T1 (de) 1987-08-20 1988-08-12 Einrichtung und verfahren zur verminderung des mitlaufenden schlackenanteils bei geringstmoeglicher reststahlmenge im konverter.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3728051 1987-08-20
DE3728051 1987-08-20

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0305319A1 EP0305319A1 (fr) 1989-03-01
EP0305319B1 true EP0305319B1 (fr) 1993-05-26

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP88730182A Expired - Lifetime EP0305319B1 (fr) 1987-08-20 1988-08-12 Dispositif et procédé pour réduire l'entraînement de scories pour une quantité résiduelle d'acier minimale dans un convertisseur

Country Status (3)

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EP (1) EP0305319B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE89866T1 (fr)
DE (1) DE3881307D1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19628339C1 (de) * 1996-07-13 1998-01-08 Didier Werke Ag Konverter
CN114737008A (zh) * 2022-04-29 2022-07-12 湖南华菱涟源钢铁有限公司 一种转炉环缝式吹气控渣出钢方法

Family Cites Families (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2800405A (en) * 1954-01-09 1957-07-23 Voest Ag Process for the stiffening of slags upon liquid metal baths before pouring off the same
GB911696A (en) * 1959-07-13 1962-11-28 Arbed Converters for steel manufacture
AT258986B (de) * 1961-03-22 1967-12-27 Demag Ag Stahlwerkskonverter zum Frischen von mittels Lanzen beblasenen Schmelzen
GB1032395A (en) * 1962-10-29 1966-06-08 Davy & United Eng Co Ltd Improvements in or relating to metallurgical converters
US4079868A (en) * 1976-11-01 1978-03-21 Dresser Industries, Inc. Castellated tundish nozzle
JPS5594430A (en) * 1979-01-11 1980-07-17 Kawasaki Steel Corp Separating and tapping device of molten metal and molten slag
US4431169A (en) * 1980-07-05 1984-02-14 Nisshin Steel Co., Ltd. Method and apparatus for preventing the inclusion of slag into the molten steel tapped from a converter
AT384242B (de) * 1982-09-07 1987-10-12 Radex Austria Ag Verfahren zum abstechen bzw. abgiessen von metallschmelzen
DE3321054C1 (de) * 1983-06-08 1984-12-06 Mannesmann AG, 4000 Düsseldorf Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Verhinderung von Schlackeneinschlüssen beim Stranggießen von Stahl
DE8317437U1 (de) * 1983-06-15 1985-01-10 Mannesmann AG, 4000 Düsseldorf Metallurgischer Schmelzofen
CH660701A5 (de) * 1983-08-18 1987-06-15 Metacon Ag Vorrichtung zum feststellen des vorhandenseins von metallischer schmelze in einem durchlaufkanal eines metallurgischen ofens oder einer giesspfanne.
GB2149699B (en) * 1983-11-18 1987-03-11 Uss Eng & Consult Method and apparatus for avoiding vortexing in a bottom pour vessel
DE3345015A1 (de) * 1983-12-13 1985-06-13 Krupp Stahl Ag, 4630 Bochum Verfahren und vorrichtung zum vermeiden der beim ausleeren schmelzfluessiger metalle aus einem schmelzbehaelter mit bodenausguss im metall entstehenden horizontalen zirkulationsstroemung

Non-Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
Ironmaking & Steelmaking 11 (1984), pages 332-339 *
STAHL UND EISEN, Band 105, Nr. 14/15, 22. Juli 1985, Seiten 765-769; D. SUCKER et al.: "Störmungsuntersuchungen für schmelzmetallurgische Prozesse" *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0305319A1 (fr) 1989-03-01
DE3881307D1 (de) 1993-07-01
ATE89866T1 (de) 1993-06-15

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