EP0304530A1 - Niob, Vanadium und Molybdän enthaltende Titan-Aluminiumlegierungen - Google Patents
Niob, Vanadium und Molybdän enthaltende Titan-Aluminiumlegierungen Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0304530A1 EP0304530A1 EP87630153A EP87630153A EP0304530A1 EP 0304530 A1 EP0304530 A1 EP 0304530A1 EP 87630153 A EP87630153 A EP 87630153A EP 87630153 A EP87630153 A EP 87630153A EP 0304530 A1 EP0304530 A1 EP 0304530A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- molybdenum
- alloys
- alloy
- vanadium
- niobium
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 239000010955 niobium Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium atom Chemical compound [Nb] GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium atom Chemical compound [V] LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 3
- UQZIWOQVLUASCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane;titanium Chemical compound [AlH3].[Ti] UQZIWOQVLUASCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims 2
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 84
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 84
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000035882 stress Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910021330 Ti3Al Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 6
- 229910001257 Nb alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- -1 titanium aluminum niobium Chemical compound 0.000 abstract 1
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910001069 Ti alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- NPURPEXKKDAKIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N iodoimino(oxo)methane Chemical compound IN=C=O NPURPEXKKDAKIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010275 isothermal forging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001182 Mo alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 206010037660 Pyrexia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229910000756 V alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052735 hafnium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010348 incorporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920000136 polysorbate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004936 stimulating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004246 zinc acetate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C14/00—Alloys based on titanium
Definitions
- This invention relates to titanium base alloys of the Ti3Al (alpha-two) type which have both good elevated temperature properties and sufficient low temperature ductility to make them useful in an engineering sense.
- the present invention is an improvement on the alloys described in U.S. Patent No. 4,292,077, issued to the applicants herein and having common assignee herewith.
- the new alloys are comprised of aluminum, niobium and titanium.
- the compositional ranges for the patented alloys were quite narrow since changes in properties were discovered to be very sensitive to the precise composition.
- the patented alloys contain titanium, 25-27 atomic percent aluminum and 11-16 atomic percent niobium.
- the alloys have at least 1.5% tensile ductility at room temperature and good elevated temperature creep strength, thus permitting their potential substitution for certain nickel base alloys such as INCO 713C.
- vanadium partially replaces niobium in atomic amounts of 1-4%. This substitution desirably lowers the density of the alloy but at the same time the favorable high temperature properties are retained.
- An optimum atomic composition range for this embodiment is 24-26% aluminum, 10-12% niobium and 2-4% vanadium.
- An object of the invention is to provide Ti3Al type alloys which have a superior combination of creep rupture life and tensile strength at elevated temperatures in the 600°C range, but which alloys at the same time have sufficient ductility to enable their use at room temperature and their fabrication by conventional processes associated with titanium base alloys.
- new titanium base alloys contain by atomic percent 25-27 aluminum, 11-16 (niobium + molybdenum) and 0.5-4 molybdenum. Preferably they have 0.5-1.5 Mo.
- the lighter weight alloy containing vanadium in substitution for a portion of the niobium is the lighter weight alloy containing vanadium in substitution for a portion of the niobium.
- Such an alloy contains by atomic percent 25-27 Al, 11-16 (Nb + V + Mo), 1-4 (V + Mo), at least 0.5 Mo, balance titanium. More preferably, the light weight alloy contains 9-11 Nb, 1-3 V and 0.5-3 Mo, balance titanium.
- molybdenum substantially increases high temperature ultimate tensile strength and creep rupture properties, compared to the essential alloys of our prior invention which did not contain molybdenum.
- the alloys of the present invention are based essentially on the compositions which we disclose in our U.S. Patent No. 4,292,077, the disclosure of which is incorporated by reference. Those alloys contain a critical combination of Ti, Nb and Al. In the patent we showed that the essential invention could be enhanced by including substituting 4% V for Nb, thereby lowering density. In making and disclosing the present invention, we have used the light weight vanadium containing version of our prior invention. Our work described herein shows that Mo is a particularly unique and valuable addition to the essential Ti-Nb-Al alloys of our prior patent.
- alloys described herein were manufactured using conventional titanium base alloy technology, basically vacuum arc melting and isothermal forging which is quite familiar (albeit isothermal forging is a recent improvement). Alloys of the Ti3Al composition have been developed to the extent that large ingots, weighing up to 245 kg may be procured on a routine basis from commercial sources. In the invention, the alloys are cast, forged and heat treated. The procedures for manufacture and testing of forgings are the same as those described in U.S. Patent 4,292,077.
- An exemplary alloy demonstrating the invention is Ti-25Al-10Nb-3V-1Mo. (All compositions hereinafter are in atomic percent unless otherwise stated.)
- the alloy has a density of about 3% greater than that of Ti-25Al-10Nb-4V, which is 4.5 g/cc.
- the alloy was isothermally beta forged (the cylindrical cast ingot pressed to a disk shape approximately 14% of the original ingot height) at a temperature of about 1120°C. This is about 40°C over the beta transus, estimated to be about 1080°C.
- Tables 1 and 2 show respectively the tensile and creep rupture properties of the alloy. Table 1.
- Figure 1 shows how the ultimate tensile strength to density ratio of our new alloy compares with those of a similar alloy lacking molybdenum and two commercial alloys, alloy Ti-6-2-4-2 and nickel base alloy INCO 713C. It is seen that the new alloy provides a significant improvement.
- Figure 2 shows how the density-adjusted stress for 300 hr rupture life at 650°C for the alloy containing molybdenum is substantially improved over the creep rupture life for a similar alloy lacking molybdenum.
- our alloys will be characterized in their optimally forged and heat treated condition by a tensile ductility at room temperature of at least 1.5%, typically about 2.5%; an ultimate tensile strength of 1000 MPa at 25°C; and a 650°C/372 MPa creep life of at least 150 hours, typically about 300 hours. They have stress-to-density ratios of the order of 2 kPa/m3, compared to less than 1.5 kPa/m3 for the alloys of our prior patent, and compared to even lower values for older alloys.
- Our new alloys also have desirably increased dynamic elastic modulus compared to other alloys, as indicated in Table 3.
- the Ti-25Al-10Nb-3V-1Mo 650°C modulus is almost 30% greater than the value for Ti-25Al-10Nb-4V, and a significant improvement over commercial alloys as well.
- the modulus was measured by mechanically stimulating resonant vibration of a beam of known dimensions and measuring the frequency response thereof. Calculation is made from known dynamics relationships. Table 3.
- Table 4 shows the lightest and heaviest embodiments of our invention in weight percent. We provide this as a reference for the future. Table 4. Weight Percentages (w/o) for the Invention in Atomic Percentages (a/o) Alloy Element Al Mo Nb V Ti A a/o 25 4 12 -- 59 w/o 13.5 7.7 27.3 -- 56.5 B a/o 27 0.5 10.5 -- 62 w/o 15.4 1.0 20.6 -- 63 C a/o 25 1.5 14.5 -- 59 w/o 13.5 2.9 26.9 -- 56.7 D a/o 27 0.5 10.5 -- 62 w/o 15.4 1.0 20.6 -- 63.0 E a/o 25 3.5 12.0 0.5 59 w/o 13.6 6.7 22.4 0.5 56.8 F a/o 27.0 0.5 7.0 3.5 62 w/o 16.0 1.0 14.2 3.8 65.0 G a/o 25 3 11 1 60 w/o 13.7 5.9 2
- tungsten Since tungsten is known to be metallurgically equivalent to molybdenum in titanium alloys, it will be substitutional for molybdenum in the present invention. However, the use of tungsten will result in an alloy with higher density and therefore, less desirable density-corrected properties than those which result from the use of molybdenum.
- the alloy made as described above is best used with limited time exposure at temperature in the 565-675°C range. We have noticed some instability, in that yield strength increased and ductility decreased after several hundreds of hours exposure. Further heat treatment development may avoid the instability.
- the heat treatment which the alloys of the present invention should be given is similar to that disclosed previously in U.S. Patent No. 4,292,077.
- Solutioning or forging should be conducted above the beta transus, followed by aging between 700-900°C for 2-24 hours.
- the cooling rate from the solutioning or forging temperature should be that which produces a fine Widmanstatten structure characterized by acicular alpha two structures of about 50 x 5 x 10 ⁇ 6m dimension mixed with beta phase lathes, generally as shown in Figure 7(b) of the referenced patent.
- the conditions necessary to achieve this will depend on the size of the article, but generally cooling in air or the equivalent will be suitable for most small articles.
- An alternative heat treatment comprises solutioning above the beta transus followed by quenching in a molten salt bath maintained about 750°C, followed by air cooling.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Turbine Rotor Nozzle Sealing (AREA)
- Catalysts (AREA)
- Forging (AREA)
Priority Applications (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US06/424,668 US4716020A (en) | 1982-09-27 | 1982-09-27 | Titanium aluminum alloys containing niobium, vanadium and molybdenum |
| DE8787630153T DE3779314D1 (de) | 1987-08-27 | 1987-08-27 | Niob, vanadium und molybdaen enthaltende titan-aluminiumlegierungen. |
| EP19870630153 EP0304530B1 (de) | 1987-08-27 | 1987-08-27 | Niob, Vanadium und Molybdän enthaltende Titan-Aluminiumlegierungen |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP19870630153 EP0304530B1 (de) | 1987-08-27 | 1987-08-27 | Niob, Vanadium und Molybdän enthaltende Titan-Aluminiumlegierungen |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0304530A1 true EP0304530A1 (de) | 1989-03-01 |
| EP0304530B1 EP0304530B1 (de) | 1992-05-20 |
Family
ID=8198353
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP19870630153 Expired EP0304530B1 (de) | 1982-09-27 | 1987-08-27 | Niob, Vanadium und Molybdän enthaltende Titan-Aluminiumlegierungen |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0304530B1 (de) |
| DE (1) | DE3779314D1 (de) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0863219A1 (de) * | 1997-03-05 | 1998-09-09 | ONERA (Office National d'Etudes et de Recherches Aérospatiales) | Titanaluminid zum Gebrauch bei erhöhter Temperatur |
| CN109371268A (zh) * | 2018-09-30 | 2019-02-22 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | 一种高温、高热稳定性、高蠕变抗力钛合金棒材的制备方法 |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US8333923B2 (en) | 2007-02-28 | 2012-12-18 | Caterpillar Inc. | High strength gray cast iron |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2880087A (en) * | 1957-01-18 | 1959-03-31 | Crucible Steel Co America | Titanium-aluminum alloys |
| DE1533180A1 (de) * | 1966-05-27 | 1969-12-04 | Winter Dr Heinrich | Titanlegierung fuer Kolben von Verbrennungsmotoren |
| FR2462484A1 (fr) * | 1979-07-25 | 1981-02-13 | United Technologies Corp | Alliage a base de titane du type ti3al |
| US4716020A (en) * | 1982-09-27 | 1987-12-29 | United Technologies Corporation | Titanium aluminum alloys containing niobium, vanadium and molybdenum |
-
1987
- 1987-08-27 EP EP19870630153 patent/EP0304530B1/de not_active Expired
- 1987-08-27 DE DE8787630153T patent/DE3779314D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2880087A (en) * | 1957-01-18 | 1959-03-31 | Crucible Steel Co America | Titanium-aluminum alloys |
| DE1533180A1 (de) * | 1966-05-27 | 1969-12-04 | Winter Dr Heinrich | Titanlegierung fuer Kolben von Verbrennungsmotoren |
| FR2462484A1 (fr) * | 1979-07-25 | 1981-02-13 | United Technologies Corp | Alliage a base de titane du type ti3al |
| US4716020A (en) * | 1982-09-27 | 1987-12-29 | United Technologies Corporation | Titanium aluminum alloys containing niobium, vanadium and molybdenum |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0863219A1 (de) * | 1997-03-05 | 1998-09-09 | ONERA (Office National d'Etudes et de Recherches Aérospatiales) | Titanaluminid zum Gebrauch bei erhöhter Temperatur |
| FR2760469A1 (fr) * | 1997-03-05 | 1998-09-11 | Onera (Off Nat Aerospatiale) | Aluminium de titane utilisable a temperature elevee |
| US6176949B1 (en) | 1997-03-05 | 2001-01-23 | Onera (Office National D'etudes Et De Recherches Aerospatiales) | Titanium aluminide which can be used at high temperature |
| CN109371268A (zh) * | 2018-09-30 | 2019-02-22 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | 一种高温、高热稳定性、高蠕变抗力钛合金棒材的制备方法 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE3779314D1 (de) | 1992-06-25 |
| EP0304530B1 (de) | 1992-05-20 |
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