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EP0302059B1 - Individual rescue apparatus - Google Patents

Individual rescue apparatus Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0302059B1
EP0302059B1 EP87901514A EP87901514A EP0302059B1 EP 0302059 B1 EP0302059 B1 EP 0302059B1 EP 87901514 A EP87901514 A EP 87901514A EP 87901514 A EP87901514 A EP 87901514A EP 0302059 B1 EP0302059 B1 EP 0302059B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
support belt
rescue apparatus
inflatable system
balloons
tubular section
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP87901514A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0302059A1 (en
Inventor
Claude Mariotto
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Individual
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Individual
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP0302059A1 publication Critical patent/EP0302059A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0302059B1 publication Critical patent/EP0302059B1/en
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Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63C—LAUNCHING, HAULING-OUT, OR DRY-DOCKING OF VESSELS; LIFE-SAVING IN WATER; EQUIPMENT FOR DWELLING OR WORKING UNDER WATER; MEANS FOR SALVAGING OR SEARCHING FOR UNDERWATER OBJECTS
    • B63C9/00—Life-saving in water
    • B63C9/08—Life-buoys, e.g. rings; Life-belts, jackets, suits, or the like
    • B63C9/13—Life-buoys, e.g. rings; Life-belts, jackets, suits, or the like attachable to body member, e.g. arm, neck, head or waist
    • B63C9/15—Life-buoys, e.g. rings; Life-belts, jackets, suits, or the like attachable to body member, e.g. arm, neck, head or waist having gas-filled compartments
    • B63C9/155—Life-buoys, e.g. rings; Life-belts, jackets, suits, or the like attachable to body member, e.g. arm, neck, head or waist having gas-filled compartments inflatable

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an individual rescue device intended to be placed around the waist of a person. It relates to a device comprising an inflatable system capable of being inflated if necessary, either by an operation of the user, or by an automatic process in contact with water.
  • the devices of the type mentioned above aim to provide, once inflated, a volume of buoyancy capable of holding the carrier on the surface of the water.
  • a volume of buoyancy capable of holding the carrier on the surface of the water.
  • only the devices arranged around the waist associate, on the one hand, in the passive state, discretion and wearing comfort, avoiding that they constitute a discomfort for the wearer, on the other hand, the active state, sufficient buoyancy to offer any guarantee of safety.
  • the present invention proposes to overcome the shortcomings of the known devices mentioned above and to provide an individual rescue device which benefits, in the passive state, from a discreet and comfortable post around the waist, and is able, during the inflation, to keep the person with the head stably out of the water.
  • the device will be defined assuming that it is oriented as if it were worn by a standing person, the terms “front”, “rear” referring to this position.
  • the device in the passive state, the device is worn around the waist like a simple belt, and remains discreet and comfortable.
  • the buoyancy volumes are released from the support belt and a righting torque is exerted on the upper extension of the support belt, tending to straighten the upper body of the person and bring them to the surface.
  • the inflation system is fully inflated (active state)
  • the buoyancy forces hold the person on the surface, the head emerging above them.
  • the inflatable system can be released in its entirety relative to the support belt during inflation.
  • the inflatable system then remains attached to the support belt, on the one hand, by means of the aforementioned flexible link which connects the attachment zone of the upper extension and the tubular portion of the system, on the other hand, by through other flexible links distributed along the support belt; these other links connect said support belt and the tubular portion of the system and have a length at least equal to twice the height of the extension, to allow the tubular portion to rise freely along the body.
  • the releasable securing means can be adapted to release during inflation only the balloons of the inflatable system, the tubular portion remaining subject to the support belt.
  • the flexible connection between the support belt and the inflatable system is then formed, on the one hand, by the aforementioned flexible link which, in this case, connects the attachment zone of the extension and one of the balloons, on the other part, by other flexible links which connect each balloon to the support belt or to the tubular portion.
  • the flexible links can be constituted by tubular conduits having the complementary function of causing the balloons to communicate with the tubular portion of the inflatable system.
  • the releasable securing means may very simply comprise an envelope fixed along the support belt in order to contain the tubular portion and the balloons of the inflatable system.
  • This envelope is provided with closing means adapted to open during the expansion of the inflatable system, either, in the first embodiment, to completely release this system, or, in the second, to release only the balloons.
  • the upper extension of the support belt is preferably constituted by a semi-rigid plate, in particular of generally triangular shape, located in the middle dorsal position along the support belt.
  • This extension can be provided fixed so as to permanently extend beyond the support belt or, if necessary, be retractable so as to remain retracted at the level of the support belt when the device is in the passive state, and fiare protruding upon triggering.
  • the gas reserve may comprise a small bottle, the latching means comprising a valve with controlled opening, mounted on said bottle. This bottle and this valve are fixed in the back position on the aforementioned plate.
  • the valve can be opened either by means of a control cord running along the support belt with a ventral operating handle, or by automatic opening means in the presence of water.
  • automatic opening means are well known per se and there are commercially available valves equipped with such means (these generally include a water-soluble pellet which releases a perforator, piercing a sealing cap for the bottle).
  • the individual rescue device shown by way of example in the figures is intended to be wound around the waist of a person in the manner of a belt, in order to ensure, if necessary, the formation of buoyancy volume.
  • This device comprises a support belt 1 made of synthetic material, of flexibility and length adapted to go around the waist of the person targeted. At its ends, this support belt is provided with attachment means 2a and 2b of the conventional type, allowing an adjustment of length.
  • This plate 3 may in particular have a triangular shape as shown, so as to be firmly fixed by its base on the belt and to extend in the plane of the latter.
  • the base of the plate is interposed between the support belt and the person's back, which guarantees that the person is held flat against the back.
  • the plate 3 has on its upper portion an attachment hole 3a. Its height is such that this hole is located above the level of the center of gravity G of the person when the device is in place. According to people, a height approximately between 10 and 20 cm is suitable, in particular a height of the order of 15 cm for an adult of normal build and size.
  • a small bottle 4 of carbon dioxide under pressure is fixed, equipped with a conventional valve 5 for opening.
  • This valve comprises a perforator which can be brought to perforate a sealing cap for the bottle, by tilting a hinged finger at the edge thereof.
  • This finger is linked to a control cord 6 which runs along the support belt and is equipped at the front thereof with a handle 7 for ventral maneuvering.
  • the valve 5 is connected with a flexible conduit 8 and puts the bottle 4 in communication with the latter when it is actuated.
  • the organs of this perfectly conventional valve have not been shown in the figures.
  • the device comprises a closed tubular portion, couple 9 which is connected to the flexible conduit 8.
  • This tubular portion extends parallel to the support belt 1 and comprises at its ends elastic fastening means 10a and 10b, constituted in particular by elastic sections carrying traditional fastening members.
  • the length of the tubular portion 9 is of the same order as that of the support belt 1. Said portion carries, distributed along its length, four balloons 11, 12, 13, 14, two 11 and 12 arranged in the vicinity of the belt ends to come to the front of the person, and the two others 13 and 14 arranged on either side of the plate 3 to come behind it. Each balloon is fixed to the tubular portion 9 by a mouth such as 11a, by which it communicates with said portion.
  • each balloon is separated into two compartments C “C 2 , by a flexible partition such as 11c; one of the balloons is provided with a buccal mouthpiece 11b provided with a non-return valve, which opens into one of the compartments of said balloon (assumed to be deflated in FIGS. 5 and 6); this compartment is in communication with the homologous compartments C ′ 2 ... of the other balloons by the tubular portion 9, which is itself separated in two by a flexible partition 9a in continuity with the partition 11c (FIGS. 5 and 6).
  • These balloons can be folded in the deflated state along the tubular portion.
  • the tubular portion 9 can in particular be constituted by a flexible non-inflatable conduit, of flat shape in the absence of gas.
  • said portion 9 has the sole function of ensuring communication between the conduit 8 and the balloons and therefore between the bottle and said balloons when the cord 6 is actuated.
  • the balloons each have a volume in the inflated state of the order of 2 to 2.5 liters so that the total buoyancy volume is of the order of 8 to 10 liters.
  • these volumes can be reduced.
  • the tubular portion may be constituted by an inflatable pocket of elongated shape, having the dual function, on the one hand, of ensuring the abovementioned communication, on the other hand of acting itself as the volume of buoyancy once inflated; this volume is added to that of the balloons which may be provided with smaller dimensions.
  • tubular portion 9 is linked to the support belt 1 by flexible links, in the example three in number, one 15 located at the rear, and the other two 16 and 17 located at the before.
  • the flexible dorsal link 15 is in the example a cord connecting the attachment hole 3a of the plate 3 to the median rear part of the tubular portion 9.
  • the length of this link is approximately equal to the height of the plate so that the portion 9 can either be folded down to the passive position above the support belt, or come to be placed in the active position at a distance from said support belt of about twice the height of the plate 3.
  • Each ventral link 6 or 17 is in the example constituted by a strap connecting the support belt and the tubular portion, of length of the order of twice the height of the plate 3.
  • the tubular portion 9 is arranged, in the active state, in a position approximately parallel to the support belt when the links 15, 16 and 17 are stretched upwards.
  • the flexible conuit 8 has a length sufficient to preserve the upward movement ability of said tubular portion 9.
  • an envelope 18 is fixed along the support belt in order to be able to contain the tubular portion 9 and the balloons 11-14 in the passive state, in the folded position on said belt.
  • This envelope is formed by a flexible wall which projects above and below the belt so as to be able to close around the portion 9 and the balloons.
  • Closing means such as adhesive pads 19 keep the envelope in the closed state and allow it to open during the expansion of the balloons when the device is triggered.
  • the envelope 18 is fixed on the front face of the support belt so as to pass behind the plate 3.
  • Figures 5 and 6 show, respectively from the front and back, the device in place in the passive state around the waist of a person.
  • the envelope 18 contains the balloons 11-14, the tubular portion 9, the flexible conduit 8 and the control cord 6 which protrudes at the front by the handle 7; the fasteners 2 and 10 of the support belt and of the tubular portion connect the two ends of these elements.
  • the bottle and its valve are hidden by the envelope.
  • the whole form of the discreet device whose wearing is comfortable and does not bring significant discomfort to the person wearing it.
  • the plate 3 rises about fifteen centimeters in the back of the latter, up above its center of gravity G, but is not felt in an annoying way.
  • the inflatable system (tubular portion 9 and balloons 11-14) is then released and is subjected to an upward force in the water.
  • This vertical force directed upwards is exerted in the first place on the point of attachment 3a of the plate.
  • this force tends to straighten it and to place it in a standing position as shown in FIGS. 8 and 9.
  • the balloons In the fully inflated state, the balloons cause the tubular portion 9 to rise along the waist of the wearer (thanks to the elasticity of the fastener 10a, 10b), to the position of FIGS. 8 and 9. In in this position, the wearer is stably held his head above the water, without any risk of tipping.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Emergency Lowering Means (AREA)

Abstract

Individual rescue apparatus intended to be arranged around the waist of a person. Said apparatus comprises a supporting belt (1), a tubular part (9) attached to the supporting belt by means of bonds (15, 16, 17) and communicating through a flexible conduit (8) with a gas reserve provided with release means (5, 6, 7). One of the bonds (15) is attached to the supporting belt by means of an upwardly extending platen (3). Balloons (11-14) are distributed along the tubular portions (9) and communicate therewith for inflation purposes. The device may be arranged in a passive position, the balloons and the tubular portion being folded back along the supporting belt and held by an openable envelope (18) or they may be arranged in an active position after the balloons have been inflated. In the latter position, the flotation forces are exerted above the centre of gravity of the user.

Description

L'invention concerne un dispositif individuel de sauvetage destiné à être disposé autour de la taille d'une personne. Elle vise un dispositif comprenant un système gonfiable susceptible d'être gonflé en cas de besoin, soit par une manoeuvre de l'utilisateur, soit par un processus automatique au contact de l'eau.The invention relates to an individual rescue device intended to be placed around the waist of a person. It relates to a device comprising an inflatable system capable of being inflated if necessary, either by an operation of the user, or by an automatic process in contact with water.

Les dispositifs du type ci-dessus évoqué visent à fournir, une fois gonflés, un volume de flottabilité capable de maintenir le porteur à la surface de l'eau. En pratique, seuls les dispositifs disposés autour de la taille associent, d'une part, à l'état passif, une discrétion et un confort de port, évitant qu'ils ne constituent une gêne pour le porteur, d'autre part, à l'état actif, une flottabilité suffisante pour offrir toute garantie de sécurité.The devices of the type mentioned above aim to provide, once inflated, a volume of buoyancy capable of holding the carrier on the surface of the water. In practice, only the devices arranged around the waist associate, on the one hand, in the passive state, discretion and wearing comfort, avoiding that they constitute a discomfort for the wearer, on the other hand, the active state, sufficient buoyancy to offer any guarantee of safety.

Des dispositifs de ce type sont en particulier décrits dans les brevets US-A-3119132, FR no. 74.10858, 74.32195, FR-A-2466391. Toutefois, ces dispositifs possèdent un grave défaut: le volume de flottabilité se développe au niveau de la taille du porteur, c'est-à-dire au-dessous du centre de gravité de celui-ci. De tels dispositifs sont inaptes à maintenir stablement la personne à la surface de l'eau en garantissant que la tête de celle-ci reste au-dessus de la surface. En particulier, lors de gonflage, ces dispositifs développent un couple de basculement ayant tendance à immerger le haut du corps du porteur.Devices of this type are in particular described in patents US-A-3119132, FR no. 74.10858, 74.32195, FR-A-2466391. However, these devices have a serious defect: the buoyancy volume develops at the level of the size of the wearer, that is to say below the center of gravity of the latter. Such devices are unable to keep the person stably on the surface of the water by ensuring that the head of the water remains above the surface. In particular, during inflation, these devices develop a tilting torque which tends to immerse the upper body of the wearer.

La présente invention se propose de pallier le défauts des dispositifs connus sus-évoqués et de fournir un dispositif individuel de sauvetage qui bénéficie, à l'état passif, d'un post discret et confortable autour de la taille, et soit apte, lors du gonflage, à maintenir stablement la personne avec la tête hors de l'eau.The present invention proposes to overcome the shortcomings of the known devices mentioned above and to provide an individual rescue device which benefits, in the passive state, from a discreet and comfortable post around the waist, and is able, during the inflation, to keep the person with the head stably out of the water.

Pour faciliter la compréhension et simplifier la terminologie, le dispositif sera défini en le supposant orienté comme s'il était porté par une personne debout, les termes "avant", "arrière" se référant à cette position.To facilitate understanding and simplify the terminology, the device will be defined assuming that it is oriented as if it were worn by a standing person, the terms "front", "rear" referring to this position.

Le dispositif visé par l'invention comprend une ceinture-support dotée à ses extrémités de moyens d'attache, un système gonflable propre à être assujetti à ladite ceinture-support, une réserver de gaz sous pression agencée pour pouvoir être mis en communication avec le système gonflable, et des moyens de déclenchement aptes à assurer le gonflage dudit système à partir de la réserve; selon la présente invention, ce dispositif se caractérisé en ce que:

  • -le système gonflable comprend, d'une part, une portion tubulaire s'étendant le long de la ceinture-support et reliée à la réserve de gaz, d'autres part, des ballonnets répartis le long de cette portion et communiquant avec celle-ci en vue de leur gonflage par l'action des moyens de déclenchement.
  • -la ceinture-support comprend une extension vers le haut, de hauteur adaptée pour remonter approximativement au-dessus du centre de gravité de la personne lorsque ladite ceinture est portée autour de la taille, ladite extension étant dotée d'une zone d'attache dans sa partie haute,
  • -i.e système gonflable est maintenu, en position passive, le long de la ceinture-support par des moyens d'assujettissement linérables, aptes lors du gonflage à libérer au moins les ballon- netes dudit système,
  • -des moyens de liaison souples sont prévus entre la ceinture-support et le système gonflable, comprenant au moins un lien souple reliant la zone d'attache de l'extension et le système gonflable, ce lien ayant une longueur au moins égale à la hauteur de l'extension.
The device targeted by the invention comprises a support belt provided at its ends with fastening means, an inflatable system suitable for being subject to said support belt, a reserve of pressurized gas arranged so as to be able to be put in communication with the inflatable system, and trigger means capable of ensuring the inflation of said system from the reserve; according to the present invention, this device is characterized in that:
  • -the inflatable system comprises, on the one hand, a tubular portion extending along the support belt and connected to the gas reserve, on the other hand, balloons distributed along this portion and communicating with it- ci for their inflation by the action of the trigger means.
  • the support belt comprises an extension upwards, of a height adapted to rise approximately above the center of gravity of the person when said belt is worn around the waist, said extension being provided with an attachment zone in its upper part,
  • the inflatable system is maintained, in the passive position, along the support belt by linerable securing means, capable during inflation of releasing at least the balloons of said system,
  • flexible means of connection are provided between the support belt and the inflatable system, comprising at least one flexible link connecting the attachment zone of the extension and the inflatable system, this link having a length at least equal to the height of the extension.

Ainsi, à l'état passif, le dispositif se porte autour de la taille à la manière d'une simple ceinture, et demeure discret et confortable. Comme on le comprendra mieux plus loin, lors du gonflage, les volumes de flottaison se libèrent de la ceinture-support et un couple de redressement s'exerce sur l'extension haute de la ceinture-support, tendant à redresser le haut du corps de la personne et à l'amener en surface. Lorsque le système de gonflage est entièrement gonflé (état actif), les forces de flottaison maintiennent la personne en surface, la tête émergeant au-dessus de celle-ci.Thus, in the passive state, the device is worn around the waist like a simple belt, and remains discreet and comfortable. As will be better understood later, during inflation, the buoyancy volumes are released from the support belt and a righting torque is exerted on the upper extension of the support belt, tending to straighten the upper body of the person and bring them to the surface. When the inflation system is fully inflated (active state), the buoyancy forces hold the person on the surface, the head emerging above them.

Selon un premier mode de réalisation, le système gonflable peut être libéré dans sa totalité par rapport à la ceinture-support lors du gonflage. Le système gonflable demeure alors dié à la ceinture-support, d'une part, par l'entremise du lien souple précité qui relié la zone d'attache de l'extension haute et la portion tubulaire du système, d'autre part, par l'entremise d'autres liens souples répartis le long de la ceinture-support; ces autres liens relient ladite ceinture-support et la portion tubulaire du système et ont une longueur au moins égale au double de la hauteur de l'extension, pour permettre à la portion tubulaire de remonter librement le long du corps.According to a first embodiment, the inflatable system can be released in its entirety relative to the support belt during inflation. The inflatable system then remains attached to the support belt, on the one hand, by means of the aforementioned flexible link which connects the attachment zone of the upper extension and the tubular portion of the system, on the other hand, by through other flexible links distributed along the support belt; these other links connect said support belt and the tubular portion of the system and have a length at least equal to twice the height of the extension, to allow the tubular portion to rise freely along the body.

Selon un autre mode de réalisation, les moyens d'assujettissement libérables peuvent être adaptés pour libérer lors du gonflage uniquement les ballonnets du système gonflable, la portion tubulaire demeurant assujettie à la ceinture-support. La liaison souple entre ceinture-support et système gonflable est alors constituée, d'une part, par le lien souple précité qui, dans ce cas, relie la zone d'attache de l'extension et l'un des ballonnets, d'autre part, par d'autres liens souples qui relient chaque ballonnet à la ceinture-support ou à la portion tubulaire. Dans ce mode de réalisation, les liens souples peuvent être constitués par des conduits tubulaires ayant comme fonction complémentaires celle d'amener les ballonnets à communiquer avec la portion tubulaire du système gonflable.According to another embodiment, the releasable securing means can be adapted to release during inflation only the balloons of the inflatable system, the tubular portion remaining subject to the support belt. The flexible connection between the support belt and the inflatable system is then formed, on the one hand, by the aforementioned flexible link which, in this case, connects the attachment zone of the extension and one of the balloons, on the other part, by other flexible links which connect each balloon to the support belt or to the tubular portion. In this embodiment, the flexible links can be constituted by tubular conduits having the complementary function of causing the balloons to communicate with the tubular portion of the inflatable system.

Quel que soit le mode de réalisation, les moyens d'assujettissement libérables peuvent très simplement comprendre une enveloppe fixée le long de la ceinture-support en vue de contenir la portion tubulaire et les ballonnets du système gonflable. Cette enveloppe est dotée de moyens de fermeture adaptés pour s'ouvrir lors de l'expansion du système gonflable, soit, dans le premier mode de réalisation, pour libérer entièrement ce système, soit, dans le second, pour libérer uniquement les ballonnets.Whatever the embodiment, the releasable securing means may very simply comprise an envelope fixed along the support belt in order to contain the tubular portion and the balloons of the inflatable system. This envelope is provided with closing means adapted to open during the expansion of the inflatable system, either, in the first embodiment, to completely release this system, or, in the second, to release only the balloons.

L'extension haute de la ceinture-support est de préférence constituée par une platine semi-rigide, notamment de forme générale triangulaire, située en position dorsale médiane le long de la ceinture-support. Cette extension peut être prévue fixe de façon à déborder en permanence de la ceinture-support ou, le cas échéant, être escamotable de façon à rester escamotée au niveau de la ceinture-support lorsque le dispositif est à l'état passif, et à fiare saillie au moment du déclenchement.The upper extension of the support belt is preferably constituted by a semi-rigid plate, in particular of generally triangular shape, located in the middle dorsal position along the support belt. This extension can be provided fixed so as to permanently extend beyond the support belt or, if necessary, be retractable so as to remain retracted at the level of the support belt when the device is in the passive state, and fiare protruding upon triggering.

Par ailleurs, de façon connue en soi, la réserve de gaz peut comprendre une petite bouteile, les moyens d'enclenchement comprenant une valve à ouverture commandée, montée sur ladite bouteille. Cette bouteille et cette valve sont fixées en position dorsale sur la platine précitée.Furthermore, in a manner known per se, the gas reserve may comprise a small bottle, the latching means comprising a valve with controlled opening, mounted on said bottle. This bottle and this valve are fixed in the back position on the aforementioned plate.

L'ouverture de la valve peut être réalisée soit au moyen d'un cordonnet de commande, courant le long de la ceinture-support avec une poignée de manoeuvre ventrale, soit par des moyens d'ouverture automatique en présence d'eau. Ces moyens d'ouverture automatique sont bien connus en soi et il existe dans le commerce des valves équipées de tels moyens (ceux-ci comprennent généralement une pastille soluble dans l'eau qui libère un perforateur, venant percer un opercule d'obturation de la bouteille).The valve can be opened either by means of a control cord running along the support belt with a ventral operating handle, or by automatic opening means in the presence of water. These automatic opening means are well known per se and there are commercially available valves equipped with such means (these generally include a water-soluble pellet which releases a perforator, piercing a sealing cap for the bottle).

L'invention précédemment exposée dans sa forme générale sera mieux comprise à la lecture de la description qui suit et à l'examen des dessins annexés, lesquels en présentent à titre d'exemple non limitatif un mode de réalisation; sur ces dessins qui font partie intégrante de la description:

  • -la Figure 1 est une vue du dispositif par l'arrière, celui-ci étant supposé à plat à l'état entièrement développé (sur cette figure les ballonnets sont schématisés, d'une part, en traits pleins à l'état dégonflé, d'autre part, en traits discontinus à l'état gonflé),
  • -la Figure 2 est une vue du dispositif par l'arrière, le système de gonflage étant supposé assujetti à la ceinture-support,
  • -la figure 3 est une vue schématique d'ensemble du dispositif, tel qu'il se présente à l'état passif lorsqu'il est disposé autour de la taille d'une personne,
  • -la figure 4 en est une vue de détail selon la flèche V,
  • -les figures 5 et 6 sont des coupes partielles, respectivement par un plan vertical AA' et par un plan horizontal BR', montrant le compartimentage des ballonnets,
  • -les figures 7 et 8 sont des schémas du dispositif, à l'état passif, porté par une personne,
  • -la figure 9 est un schéma explicatif du fonctionnement du dispositif,
  • -les figures 10 et 11 sont des schémas analogues du dispositif à l'état actif, après gonflage du système de gonflage.
The invention previously exposed in its general form will be better understood on reading the description which follows and on examining the appended drawings, which present by way of nonlimiting example an embodiment; on these drawings which form an integral part of the description:
  • FIG. 1 is a view of the device from the rear, it being assumed to be flat in the fully developed state (in this figure the balloons are shown, on the one hand, in solid lines in the deflated state, on the other hand, in broken lines in the inflated state),
  • FIG. 2 is a view of the device from the rear, the inflation system being assumed to be subject to the support belt,
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic overview of the device, as it appears in the passive state when it is placed around the waist of a person,
  • FIG. 4 is a detailed view according to arrow V,
  • FIGS. 5 and 6 are partial sections, respectively by a vertical plane AA ′ and by a horizontal plane BR ′, showing the compartmentalisation of the balloons,
  • FIGS. 7 and 8 are diagrams of the device, in the passive state, carried by a person,
  • FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram of the operation of the device,
  • FIGS. 10 and 11 are similar diagrams of the device in the active state, after inflation of the inflation system.

Le dispositif individuel de sauvetage représenté à titre d'exemple aux figures est destiné à s'enrouler autour de la taille d'une personne à la manière d'une ceinture, en vue d'assurer, en cas de besoin, la formation d'un volume de flottabilité.The individual rescue device shown by way of example in the figures is intended to be wound around the waist of a person in the manner of a belt, in order to ensure, if necessary, the formation of buoyancy volume.

Ce dispositif comprend une ceinture-support 1 en matière synthétique, de souplesse et de longueur adaptées pour faire le tour de la taille de la personne visée. A ses extrémités, cette ceinture-support est dotés de moyens d'attache 2a et 2b de type classique, permettant un ajustement de longueur.This device comprises a support belt 1 made of synthetic material, of flexibility and length adapted to go around the waist of the person targeted. At its ends, this support belt is provided with attachment means 2a and 2b of the conventional type, allowing an adjustment of length.

En position dorsale médiane de la ceinture-support, et fixée sur celle-ci (en l'exemple par trois rivets plats) une extension vers le haut constituée par une platine 3 en matière synthétique semi-rigide. Cette platine 3 peut notamment posséder une forme triangulaire telle que représentée, de façon à être fermement fixée par sa base sur la ceinture et à s'étendre dans le plan de celle-ci. En l'exemple, la base de la platine s'interpose entre la ceinture-support et le dos de la personne, ce qui garantit un bon maintien de celle-ci à plat contre le dos.In the middle dorsal position of the support belt, and fixed on the latter (in the example by three flat rivets) an upward extension constituted by a plate 3 made of semi-rigid synthetic material. This plate 3 may in particular have a triangular shape as shown, so as to be firmly fixed by its base on the belt and to extend in the plane of the latter. In the example, the base of the plate is interposed between the support belt and the person's back, which guarantees that the person is held flat against the back.

La platine 3 comporte sur sa portion supérieure un trou d'attache 3a. Sa hauteur est telle que ce trous se trouve située au-dessus du niveau du centre de gravité G de la personne lorsque le dispositif est en place. Selon les personnes, une hauteur approximativement comprise entre 10 et 20 cm convient, en particulier une hauteur de l'ordre de 15 cm pour un adulte de corpulence et de taille normales.The plate 3 has on its upper portion an attachment hole 3a. Its height is such that this hole is located above the level of the center of gravity G of the person when the device is in place. According to people, a height approximately between 10 and 20 cm is suitable, in particular a height of the order of 15 cm for an adult of normal build and size.

En partie basse de la platine 3 et à l'arrière de celle-ci, est fixée une petite bouteile 4 de gaz carbonique sous pression, équipée d'une valve classique 5 d'ouverture. Cette valve comprend un perforateur qui peut être amené à perforer un opercule d'obturation de la bouteille, par basculement d'un doigt articulé en bordure de celle-ci. Ce doigt est lié à un cordonnet de commande 6 qui court le long de la ceinture-support et est équipé à l'avant de celle-ci d'une poignée 7 de manoeuvre ventrale. La valve 5 est abouchée avec un conduit souple 8 et met la bouteille 4 en communication avec celui-ci lorsqu'elle est actionnée. Les organes de cette valve parfaitement classique n'ont pas été représentés aux figures.In the lower part of the plate 3 and at the rear of it, a small bottle 4 of carbon dioxide under pressure is fixed, equipped with a conventional valve 5 for opening. This valve comprises a perforator which can be brought to perforate a sealing cap for the bottle, by tilting a hinged finger at the edge thereof. This finger is linked to a control cord 6 which runs along the support belt and is equipped at the front thereof with a handle 7 for ventral maneuvering. The valve 5 is connected with a flexible conduit 8 and puts the bottle 4 in communication with the latter when it is actuated. The organs of this perfectly conventional valve have not been shown in the figures.

Par ailleurs, le dispositif comprend une portion tubulaire fermée, couple 9 qui est reliée au conduit souple 8. Cette portion tubulaire s'étend parallèlement à la ceinture-support 1 et comprend à ses extrémités des moyens d'attache élastique 10a et 10b, constitués en particulier par des tronçons élastiques portant des organes d'attache traditionnels.Furthermore, the device comprises a closed tubular portion, couple 9 which is connected to the flexible conduit 8. This tubular portion extends parallel to the support belt 1 and comprises at its ends elastic fastening means 10a and 10b, constituted in particular by elastic sections carrying traditional fastening members.

La longueur de la portion tubulaire 9 est du même ordre que celle de la ceinture-support 1. Ladite portion porte, répartis sur sa longueur, quatre ballonnets 11, 12, 13, 14, deux 11 et 12 agencés au voisinage des extrémités de ceinture pour venir à l'avant de la personne, et les deux autres 13 et 14 agencés de part et d'autre de la platine 3 pour venir en l'arrière de celle-ci. Chaque ballonnet est fixé sur la portion tubulaire 9 par une embouchure telle que 11a, par laquelle il communique avec ladite portion.The length of the tubular portion 9 is of the same order as that of the support belt 1. Said portion carries, distributed along its length, four balloons 11, 12, 13, 14, two 11 and 12 arranged in the vicinity of the belt ends to come to the front of the person, and the two others 13 and 14 arranged on either side of the plate 3 to come behind it. Each balloon is fixed to the tubular portion 9 by a mouth such as 11a, by which it communicates with said portion.

De plus, chaque ballonnet est séparé en deux compartiments C" C2, par une cloison souple telle que 11c; l'un des ballonnets est doté d'un embout buccal de gonglage 11b muni d'une valve anti-retour, qui débouche dans l'un des compartiments dudit ballonnet (supposé dégonflé aux figures 5 et 6); ce compartiment est en communication avec les compartiments homologues C'2 ... des autres ballonnets par la portion tubulaire 9, laquelle est elle-même séparée en deux par une cloison souple 9a en continuité avec la cloison 11c (figures 5 et 6). Un tel cloissonnement délimité deux ensembles étanches de compartiments, l'un (C2, C'2' ..) en communication avec l'embout buccal, l'autre (Ci, C'i ...) en communication avec le conduit souple 8.In addition, each balloon is separated into two compartments C "C 2 , by a flexible partition such as 11c; one of the balloons is provided with a buccal mouthpiece 11b provided with a non-return valve, which opens into one of the compartments of said balloon (assumed to be deflated in FIGS. 5 and 6); this compartment is in communication with the homologous compartments C ′ 2 ... of the other balloons by the tubular portion 9, which is itself separated in two by a flexible partition 9a in continuity with the partition 11c (FIGS. 5 and 6). Such a partitioning delimited two sealed sets of compartments, one (C 2 , C'2 '..) in communication with the mouthpiece, l 'other (Ci, C' i ...) in communication with the flexible duct 8.

Ces ballonnets peuvent être repliés à l'état dégonflé le long de la portion tubulaire.These balloons can be folded in the deflated state along the tubular portion.

Ainsi que l'illustre l'exemple représenté, la portion tubulaire 9 peut notamment être constituée par un conduit souple non gonflable, de forme plate en l'absence de gaz. Dans ce cas, ladite portion 9 a pour seule fonction d'assurer la communication entre le conduit 8 et les ballonnets et donc entre la bouteille et lesdits ballonnets lorsque le cordonnet 6 est actionné.As illustrated in the example shown, the tubular portion 9 can in particular be constituted by a flexible non-inflatable conduit, of flat shape in the absence of gas. In this case, said portion 9 has the sole function of ensuring communication between the conduit 8 and the balloons and therefore between the bottle and said balloons when the cord 6 is actuated.

Dans ce mode de réalisation, les ballonnets ont chacun un volume à l'état gonflé de l'ordre de 2 à 2,5 litres de façon que le volume total de flottabilité soit de l'ordre de 8 à 10 litres. Bien entendu, pour des enfants, ces volumes pourront être réduits.In this embodiment, the balloons each have a volume in the inflated state of the order of 2 to 2.5 liters so that the total buoyancy volume is of the order of 8 to 10 liters. Of course, for children, these volumes can be reduced.

Dans une variante, la portion tubulaire peut être constituée par une poche gonflable de forme allongée, ayant la double fonction, d'une part, d'assurer la communication sus-évoquée, d'autre part de faire elle-même office de volume de flottabilité une fois gonflée; ce volume s'ajoute à celui des ballonnets qui pourront être prévus de dimensions plus réduites.Alternatively, the tubular portion may be constituted by an inflatable pocket of elongated shape, having the dual function, on the one hand, of ensuring the abovementioned communication, on the other hand of acting itself as the volume of buoyancy once inflated; this volume is added to that of the balloons which may be provided with smaller dimensions.

Par ailleurs, la portion tubulaire 9 est liée à la ceinture-support 1 par des liens souples, en l'exemple au nombre de trois, l'un 15 situé à l'arrière, et les deux autres 16 et 17 situés à l'avant.Furthermore, the tubular portion 9 is linked to the support belt 1 by flexible links, in the example three in number, one 15 located at the rear, and the other two 16 and 17 located at the before.

Le lien souple dorsal 15 est en l'exemple une cordelette reliant le trou d'attache 3a de la platine 3 à la partie arrière médiane de la portion tubulaire 9. La longueur de ce lien est approximativement égale à la hauteur de la platine de sorte que la portion 9 puisse, soit être rabattue en position passive au-dessus de la ceinture-support, soit venir se disposer en position active à une distance de ladite ceinture-support de l'ordre du double de la hauteur de la platine 3.The flexible dorsal link 15 is in the example a cord connecting the attachment hole 3a of the plate 3 to the median rear part of the tubular portion 9. The length of this link is approximately equal to the height of the plate so that the portion 9 can either be folded down to the passive position above the support belt, or come to be placed in the active position at a distance from said support belt of about twice the height of the plate 3.

Chaque lien ventral 6 ou 17 est en l'exemple constitué par une lanière reliant la ceinture-support et la portion tubulaire, de longueur de l'ordre du double de la hauteur de la platine 3. Ainsi, comme le montrent les figures, la portion tubulaire 9 vient se disposer, à l'état actif, en position à peu près parallèle à la ceinture-support lorsque les liens 15, 16 et 17, sont tendus vers le haut. Il est à noter que le conuit souple 8 possède une longueur suffisante pour préserver le faculté de déplacement vers le haut de ladite portion tubulaire 9.Each ventral link 6 or 17 is in the example constituted by a strap connecting the support belt and the tubular portion, of length of the order of twice the height of the plate 3. Thus, as shown in the figures, the tubular portion 9 is arranged, in the active state, in a position approximately parallel to the support belt when the links 15, 16 and 17 are stretched upwards. It should be noted that the flexible conuit 8 has a length sufficient to preserve the upward movement ability of said tubular portion 9.

En outre, une enveloope 18 est fixée le long de la ceinture-support en vue de pouvoir contenir la portion tubulaire 9 est les ballonnets 11-14 à l'état passif, en position rabattue sur ladite ceinture.In addition, an envelope 18 is fixed along the support belt in order to be able to contain the tubular portion 9 and the balloons 11-14 in the passive state, in the folded position on said belt.

Cette enveloppe est formée par une paroi souple qui déborde au-dessus et au-dessous de la ceinture de façon à pouvoir se refermer autour de la portion 9 et des ballonnets. Des moyens de fermeture tels que pastilles adhésives 19 maintiennent l'enveloppe à l'état fermée et permettent à celle-ci de s'ouvrir au cours de l'expansion des ballonnets lors du déclenchement du dispositif.This envelope is formed by a flexible wall which projects above and below the belt so as to be able to close around the portion 9 and the balloons. Closing means such as adhesive pads 19 keep the envelope in the closed state and allow it to open during the expansion of the balloons when the device is triggered.

En l'exemple, l'enveloppe 18 est fixée sur la face avant de la ceinture-support de façon à passer à l'arrière de la platine 3.In the example, the envelope 18 is fixed on the front face of the support belt so as to pass behind the plate 3.

Les figures 5 et 6 montrent, respectivement de devant et de dos, le dispositif en place à l'état passif autour de la taille d'une personne. L'enveloppe 18 contient les ballonnets 11-14, la portion tubulaire 9, le conduit souple 8 et le cordonnet de commande 6 qui dépasse à l'avant par la poignée 7; les attaches 2 et 10 de la ceinture-support et de la portion tubulaire relient les deux extrémités de ces éléments. A l'arrière, la bouteille et sa valve sont masquées par l'enveloppe. L'ensemble forme du dipositif discret dont le port est confortable et n'apporte pas de gêne sensible à la personne qui le porte. La platine 3 s'élève sur une quinzaine de centimètres dans le dos de celle-ci, jusqu'au-dessus de son centre de gravité G, mais n'est pas ressentie d'une façon gênante.Figures 5 and 6 show, respectively from the front and back, the device in place in the passive state around the waist of a person. The envelope 18 contains the balloons 11-14, the tubular portion 9, the flexible conduit 8 and the control cord 6 which protrudes at the front by the handle 7; the fasteners 2 and 10 of the support belt and of the tubular portion connect the two ends of these elements. At the rear, the bottle and its valve are hidden by the envelope. The whole form of the discreet device whose wearing is comfortable and does not bring significant discomfort to the person wearing it. The plate 3 rises about fifteen centimeters in the back of the latter, up above its center of gravity G, but is not felt in an annoying way.

Lorsque le porteur tire sur la poignée 7, il engendre la perforation de l'opercule de la bouteille 4 et met les ballonnets en communication avec celle-ci par l'entremise du conduit souple 8 et de la portion tubulaire 9. Le gaz sous pression gonfle les ballonnets et ceux-ci conditionnent l'ouverture de l'enveloppe 18.When the wearer pulls on the handle 7, it generates the perforation of the lid of the bottle 4 and puts the balloons in communication with the latter via the flexible conduit 8 and the tubular portion 9. The gas under pressure inflates the balloons and these condition the opening of the envelope 18.

Le système gonflable (portion tubulaire 9 et ballonnets 11-14) est alors libéré et est soumis à une force ascensionnelle dans l'eau. Cette force verticale dirigée vers le haut, s'exerce en premier lieu sur le point d'attache 3a de la platine. Comme le schématise la figure 7, si le porteur se trouve tête en bas, cette force tend à le redresser et à le disposer dans une position debout telle que représentée aux figures 8 et 9.The inflatable system (tubular portion 9 and balloons 11-14) is then released and is subjected to an upward force in the water. This vertical force directed upwards, is exerted in the first place on the point of attachment 3a of the plate. As shown schematically in FIG. 7, if the carrier is upside down, this force tends to straighten it and to place it in a standing position as shown in FIGS. 8 and 9.

A l'état entièrement gonflé, les ballonnets amènent la portion tubulaire 9 à remonter le long de la taille du porteur (grâce à l'élasticité de l'attache 10a, 10b), jusqu'à la position des figures 8 et 9. Dans cette position, le porteur est stablement maintenu la tête hors de l'eau, sans aucun risque de basculement.In the fully inflated state, the balloons cause the tubular portion 9 to rise along the waist of the wearer (thanks to the elasticity of the fastener 10a, 10b), to the position of FIGS. 8 and 9. In in this position, the wearer is stably held his head above the water, without any risk of tipping.

Claims (15)

1. Individual rescue apparatus intended for arrangement about the waist of a person, comprising a support belt (1) endowed at its ends with fastening means (1a, 1b), an inflatable system (9-14) capable of being secured to said support belt, a pressurised gas reserve (4) so designed as to be capable of being made to communicate with the inflatable system, and triggering means (5, 6, 7) designed to ensure inflation of said system from the reserve, said apparatus being characterised in that:
-the inflatable system comprises, on the one hand, a tubular section (9) extending along the support belt and connected with the gas reserve, and on the other hand small balloons (11-14) distributed along said section and communicating with the latter with a view to bringing about their inflation by the action of the triggering means,
-support belt (1) comprises an upward extension (3) of a height so designed as to go up approximately to a point above the centre of gravity of the person when said belt is worn about the waist, said extension (3) being endowed with an attachment zone (3a) in its upper part,
-the inflatable system (9-14) is maintained, in passive position, along support belt (1) by releasable fastening means (18, 19) capable of releasing, during inflation, at least the small balloons (11-14) of said system,
-flexible connecting means (15-17) are provided between the support belt and the inflatable system, comprising at least one flexible connection (15) linking attachment zone (3a) of the extension with the inflatable system, said connection having a length at least equal to the height of extension (3).
2. Rescue apparatus according to claim 1, characterised in that:
. the releasable fastening means (18, 19) are so designed as to release during inflation the entire inflatable system (9-14),
. the flexible connecting means comprise, on the one hand, said flexible connection (15) linking attachment zone (3a) with tubular section (9) of the inflatable system, and, on the other hand, other flexible connections (16, 17) distributed along support belt (1) and linking said support belt with said tubular section, these other flexible connections having a length at least equal to twice the height of extension (3).
3. Rescue apparatus according to claim 1, characterised in that:
. the releasable fastening means are so designed as to release during inflation only the small balloons of the inflatable system, the tubular section remaining fastened to the support belt,
. the flexible connecting means comprise, on the one hand, the small flexible connection linking the attachment zone with one of the small balloons, and, on the other hand, other flexible connections linking each small balloon with the support belt or the tubular section.
4. Rescue apparatus according to one of claims 1, 2 or 3, characterised in that tubular section (9) of the inflatable system is constituted by a non-inflatable flexible conduit, the function of which is to ensure communication between reserve (4) and the small balloons (11-14).
5. Rescue apparatus according to claim 2, characterised in that the tubular section of the inflatable system is constituted by an inflatable bag of elongated shape, the function of which is, on the one hand, to ensure communication between the reserve and the small balloons, while, on the other hand, serving in the inflated state as a buoyancy space.
6. Rescue apparatus according to one of claims 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5, characterised in that tubular section (9) of the inflatable system comprises at its ends elastic means of attachment (10a, 10b), making it possible to connect said ends white 'being free to extend in the longitudinal direction.
7. Rescue apparatus according to one of claims 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6, characterised in that the releasable fastening means are constituted by a casing (18) secured along support belt (1) with a view to containing tubular section (9) and the small balloons (11-14) of the inflatable system, said casing being endowed with closure means (19) so designed to open when the inflatable system expands.
8. Rescue apparatus according to one of claims 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, or 7, characterised in that upper extension (3) of the support belt is constituted by a semi-rigid plate situated in central dorsal position along said belt.
9. Rescue apparatus according to claim 8, characterised in that semi-rigid plate (3) has a height approximately between 10 and 25 cm, dorsal connection (15) attached to said plate having a length approximately equal to the height of said plate, whereas the other connections (16, 17) have a length of the order of twice the said height.
10. Rescue apparatus according to one of claims 8 and 9, characterised in that, in addition to dorsal connection (15) attached to the plate, it comprises two other connections (16, 17) located in central position along the support belt.
11. Rescue apparatus according to one of claims 8, 9 or 10 in which the gas reserve comprises a small cylinder (4) and the means of engagement comprise a valve (5) the opening of which is controlled and which is mounted on said cylinder, characterised in that said cylinder (4) and said valve (5) are fitted in dorsal position on plate (3), valve (5) being linked with tubular section (9) of the inflatable system by a flexible conduit (8) the length of which is capable of ensuring that the inflatable system can, during inflation, move upward.
12. Rescue apparatus according to claim 11, characterised in that a control cord (6) is associated with valve (5) with a view to opening it, said cord extending support belt (1) and equipped with a ventral operating handle (7).
13. Rescue apparatus according to claim 11, in which the valve is equipped with means for automatic opening in the presence of water.
14. Rescue apparatus according to one of the above claims, characterised in that one of the small balloons (11), located in frontal position, is endowed with a mouthpiece for oral inflation (11b) provided with a non-return valve, the small balloons and the tubular section being partitioned so as to delimit an assembly of compartments (Cz, C'2 ... ) communicating with oral mouthpiece (11b) and an assembly of compartments (C1, C'i ...) communicating with flexible conduit (8).
15. Rescue apparatus according to one of the above claims, characterised in that it comprises four small balloons: two in front (11, 12) in the vicinity of each end of the belt, and two in the back (13, 14) at either side of semi-rigid plate (3).
EP87901514A 1986-03-13 1987-03-09 Individual rescue apparatus Expired - Lifetime EP0302059B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8603954 1986-03-13
FR8603954A FR2595654B1 (en) 1986-03-13 1986-03-13 INDIVIDUAL RESCUE DEVICE

Publications (2)

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EP0302059A1 EP0302059A1 (en) 1989-02-08
EP0302059B1 true EP0302059B1 (en) 1990-08-16

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EP (1) EP0302059B1 (en)
FR (1) FR2595654B1 (en)
WO (1) WO1987005578A1 (en)

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FR2595654A1 (en) 1987-09-18
US4925418A (en) 1990-05-15
WO1987005578A1 (en) 1987-09-24
FR2595654B1 (en) 1988-06-24
EP0302059A1 (en) 1989-02-08

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