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EP0291450A2 - Protective mask, especially for military purposes - Google Patents

Protective mask, especially for military purposes Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0291450A2
EP0291450A2 EP88810251A EP88810251A EP0291450A2 EP 0291450 A2 EP0291450 A2 EP 0291450A2 EP 88810251 A EP88810251 A EP 88810251A EP 88810251 A EP88810251 A EP 88810251A EP 0291450 A2 EP0291450 A2 EP 0291450A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
eye
protective mask
eye glasses
mask according
glasses
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP88810251A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0291450A3 (en
EP0291450B1 (en
Inventor
Walter Diggelmann
Rudolf Fehr
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Huber and Suhner AG
Original Assignee
Huber and Suhner AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Huber and Suhner AG filed Critical Huber and Suhner AG
Priority to AT88810251T priority Critical patent/ATE69173T1/en
Publication of EP0291450A2 publication Critical patent/EP0291450A2/en
Publication of EP0291450A3 publication Critical patent/EP0291450A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0291450B1 publication Critical patent/EP0291450B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62B—DEVICES, APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR LIFE-SAVING
    • A62B18/00—Breathing masks or helmets, e.g. affording protection against chemical agents or for use at high altitudes or incorporating a pump or compressor for reducing the inhalation effort
    • A62B18/08—Component parts for gas-masks or gas-helmets, e.g. windows, straps, speech transmitters, signal-devices
    • A62B18/082—Assembling eyepieces, lenses or vision-correction means in or on gas-masks

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a protective mask, in particular a military protective mask according to the preamble of claim 1, which protects the wearer's respiratory tract, eyes and face from chemical warfare agents (CK), biological warfare agents (BK) and radioactive failure (RA).
  • the masks should be able to be packed on the smallest possible volume and at most be foldable. These requirements can usually only be met by assigning a separate eye lens to each eye in the mask.
  • the shape of the eye glasses and their position and attachment in the mask should result in a minimal work disability while maintaining the largest possible field of view. For example, shooting, operating optical instruments etc. can also be guaranteed with the protective mask.
  • the distance between the eye and the eye glass should therefore be as small as possible and the eye glasses should not protrude significantly beyond the normal head width, especially from the side.
  • the mask is also intended to create the prerequisites for applying correction lenses in the simplest way, while taking individual circumstances into account. Finally, the replacement of the eye glasses in the mask should also be simplified.
  • a protective mask which has the features of claim 1.
  • the dome-shaped design is better adapted to the shape of the skull than all previously known forms of eye glasses.
  • this results in a reduction in the distance to the eye and thus an enlarged field of vision.
  • the eye glasses are axially symmetrical with respect to their base area, one and the same eye glass can be used for the left and for the right eye.
  • a particularly advantageous shape and arrangement of the eye glasses results if their base surface has approximately the shape of a completely rounded triangle, in particular an isosceles triangle, and if the axes of symmetry cross below the eye glasses in the middle of the protective mask.
  • the eye glasses can be produced particularly easily if they are designed in the shape of spherical caps, an inner radius of the spherical cap between 100 and 160 mm having proven particularly advantageous.
  • the problems described above for glasses wearers can be solved in a particularly simple manner if a correction lens is arranged on the inner or outer boundary surface of the eye glasses.
  • the dome-shaped eye glasses come particularly close to the shape of conventional correction lenses for spectacle wearers, so that a correction lens can be cemented directly onto the eye glass without creating a cavity between the eye glass and the correction lens.
  • the pupil distance can be taken into account individually for each protective mask wearer, so that the corrected and fitted correction lenses no longer cause any problems.
  • the eye glasses can be particularly easily attached to the mask if they are fitted into a circumferential groove in the mask part in such a way that the mask part lies in the edge region of the eye glasses on the back and on the front.
  • the edge of the eye glasses is completely enclosed and protected by the rubber or plastic material of the mask.
  • An optimal sealing effect and a secure fit of the eye glasses can be further optimized by pressing an inner and an outer frame ring from the outside against the mask part, so that the edge area of each eye glass is clamped.
  • the two frame rings can be held together on each eye glass with at least one clamp, so that an approximately constant pressing force is maintained over the entire edge area.
  • Additional protection or reinforcement of the edge area of the eye glasses can also be achieved in that the two frame rings on each eye glass overlap and that the clips have at least two angled ends, one of which engages the inner and one of the outer ring.
  • the overlapping mounting rings form a dimensionally stable unit that can easily withstand shocks and impacts. To replace an eyeglass, all you have to do is uncheck the clips, which is easily possible with a pocket knife, for example.
  • the protective mask consists of a mask part 1 made of rubber or plastic material, which can be pressed against the face in a sealing manner with the aid of holding straps 10.
  • the filter 9 is attached to the mask part 1 in the lower region.
  • a speech membrane 11, via which direct communication is ensured, is arranged approximately in the middle.
  • the construction of the remaining mask parts is of no further importance for the present invention.
  • the two eye glasses 2 and 2 ' are axially symmetrical and have the basic shape of a fully rounded triangle.
  • the axes of symmetry 3 cross below the eye glasses in the middle of the mask.
  • the axially symmetrical design of the eye glasses makes it possible to use the same glass shape for both sides, so that an exchange without consideration of the left and right is possible at any time.
  • the two eye glasses in the illustrated embodiment are spherical.
  • the eye glasses are curved with a radius R which, based on the inner boundary surface, can be approximately 100 to 160 mm.
  • a dimension of approximately 130 mm, for example, has proven to be an advantageous inner radius of the spherical cap.
  • the two eye glasses 2 and 2 ' are inclined at an angle alpha to each other. Together with the spherical shape, this ensures a particularly advantageous adaptation to the head shape.
  • the eye glasses are only slightly protruding from the side, which makes it easier to wear the helmet, operate instruments and fire with an assault rifle.
  • An eye lens 2 is shown in perspective in FIG. 3, on the inner boundary surface 16 of which a correction lens 12 is cemented.
  • the correction lens 12 is cemented or glued on in such a way that the pupil distance of the mask wearer is taken into account, so that the optical axis of the correction lens 12 coincides as closely as possible with the pupil axis.
  • the correction lens 12 can also be integrated directly into the eye glass 2, as can be seen from FIGS. 3a and 3b. Depending on the strength of the correction lens 12, however, the edge parts could then be made flat in order not to achieve an overall thickness that is too great.
  • Eye glasses and correction lenses are made of plastic material or mineral glass. A combination of mineral glass and plastic glass would also be conceivable.
  • the eye glasses 2 could also have different coatings or treatments, e.g. against UV rays and the like.
  • the apertureometric evaluation of a protective mask with eye glasses according to the invention is shown graphically in FIG. With the help of the aperture meter, the visual field can be made visible using light effects.
  • the overlapping area of the visual field of the two eyes which is referred to as the binocular visual field or stereo field 13, is of particular importance.
  • the overall field of view, which has an approximately double kidney-shaped configuration in FIG. 4, is designated by 14.
  • This overall field of view with the eye glasses according to the invention is approximately the same size as the natural field of view without a protective mask, which is shown as a broken line at position 18. Only a slight restriction of the field of vision has to be accepted from the side, while there is practically a clear view up and down. Such results have so far not been achieved with known eye glasses.
  • the binocular field of view 13 is also relatively large, which makes working with optical instruments, estimating distances, etc. much easier.
  • FIGs 5 and 6 show the attachment of the dome-shaped eye glasses 2 in the mask part 1 in detail.
  • Each eye glass 2 can be fitted into a circumferential groove 5 in the mask part 1.
  • the front and the rear edge area of each eye lens is completely enclosed by the elastic material of the mask part 1.
  • the edge region of each eye glass is pressed together with the aid of an inner frame ring 6 and an outer frame ring 7.
  • These mounting rings are placed from the outside on the peripheral edge, which is formed by the groove 5.
  • the mounting rings are preferably made of metal, but could also consist of plastic. As can be seen in particular from FIG. 5, the two mounting rings 6 and 7 overlap in the outer edge region.
  • each bracket is provided with angled ends 17, one of which engages on the inner mounting ring 6 and the other on the outer mounting ring 7.
  • the outer mounting ring is provided with a slot 15, in which the clip 8 engages.
  • the clip 8 could also hold the two mounting rings together in another way. Under certain circumstances it would also be conceivable to omit the clamp 8 entirely and to design the two mounting rings in such a way that they snap into one another.
  • the described way of fastening the eyeglasses obviously enables a quick change, which can be carried out at any time without special tools.
  • the eye glasses and the mask part 1 in the area of the groove 5 are optimally protected by the two frame rings. Instead of geometrically exactly spherical-spherical eye glasses, minor deviations would of course also be conceivable, depending on the mask configuration.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Pulmonology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Respiratory Apparatuses And Protective Means (AREA)
  • Non-Metallic Protective Coatings For Printed Circuits (AREA)
  • Eyeglasses (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)

Abstract

The eyeglasses (2, 2') inserted in the mask part (1) are of approximately hemispherical shape. As a result, optimum matching to the shape of the head and a particularly wide field of vision are achieved. In addition, correcting lenses (12) can be placed directly on the inner or outer limiting surface (16) of the eyeglasses (2). <IMAGE>

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Schutzmaske, insbesondere eine Militärschutzmaske gemäss dem Oberbegriff von Anspruch 1, welche die Atemwege, Augen und Gesicht des Trägers schützt vor chemischen Kampfstoffen (CK), biologischen Kampfmitteln (BK) und radioaktivem Ausfall (RA). Die Masken sollen sich auf ein möglichst kleines Volumen verpacken lassen und allen­falls faltbar sein. Diese Forderungen lassen sich meistens nur verwirklichen, indem jedem Auge in der Maske ein separa­tes Augenglas zugeordnet wird. Die Form der Augengläser und deren Lage und Befestigung in der Maske soll bei Aufrechter­haltung eines möglichst grossen Gesichtsfeldes, eine minimale Arbeitsbehinderung ergeben. So muss z.B. das Schiessen, das Bedienen von optischen Instrumenten usw. auch mit der Schutz­maske gewährleistet sein. Die Distanz zwischen Auge und Augenglas sollte daher so klein wie möglich sein und die Augengläser sollten vor allem seitlich die normale Kopfbreite nicht wesentlich überragen.The invention relates to a protective mask, in particular a military protective mask according to the preamble of claim 1, which protects the wearer's respiratory tract, eyes and face from chemical warfare agents (CK), biological warfare agents (BK) and radioactive failure (RA). The masks should be able to be packed on the smallest possible volume and at most be foldable. These requirements can usually only be met by assigning a separate eye lens to each eye in the mask. The shape of the eye glasses and their position and attachment in the mask should result in a minimal work disability while maintaining the largest possible field of view. For example, shooting, operating optical instruments etc. can also be guaranteed with the protective mask. The distance between the eye and the eye glass should therefore be as small as possible and the eye glasses should not protrude significantly beyond the normal head width, especially from the side.

Es sind bereits Schutzmasken bekannt, bei denen die Augenglä­ser flach ausgebildet sind. Es ist auch bereits bekannt, die Augengläser in einer Ebene hohlzylinderartig zu krümmen um damit eine gewisse Anpassung an die Kopfform zu erzielen. Ein Nachteil bei allen bekannten Schutzmasken besteht jedoch darin, dass kein optimales Gesichtsfeld gewährleistet ist und dass vor allem bei flachen Gläsern wesentliche Behinderungen in Kauf genommen werden müssen. Ein Problem besteht schliess­lich auch noch bei Brillenträgern, die in Folge des geringen Abstandes zwischen Augenglas und Auge keine normale Brille unter der Schutzmaske tragen können. Es ist zwar bereits bekannt, Korrekturlinsen mit Hilfe von Spannbügeln auf die Innenseite der Augengläser zu klemmen. Diese Lösung ist je­ doch äusserst unbefriedigend, da die Klemmbügel Druckstellen im Nasenbereich verursachen können und da der individuelle Augenabstand dabei völlig vernachlässigt wird. Brillenträger haben daher zumeist zusätzliche Behinderungen beim Tragen der Schutzmaske in Kauf zu nehmen. Schliesslich ist bei vielen bekannten Schutzmasken das Auswechseln der Augengläser pro­blematisch und kann nur mit Hilfe von speziellen Werkzeugen durchgeführt werden.Protective masks are already known in which the eye glasses are flat. It is also already known to curve the eye glasses in a plane like a hollow cylinder in order to achieve a certain adaptation to the shape of the head. A disadvantage of all known protective masks, however, is that an optimal field of vision is not guaranteed and that, especially in the case of flat glasses, significant disabilities have to be accepted. Finally, there is also a problem with glasses wearers who, due to the small distance between the eye glass and the eye, cannot wear normal glasses under the protective mask. It is already known to clamp correction lenses on the inside of the eye glasses with the aid of clamping brackets. This solution is ever but extremely unsatisfactory, since the clamps can cause pressure points in the nose area and because the individual eye relief is completely neglected. Glasses wearers usually have to put up with additional disabilities when wearing the protective mask. Finally, with many known protective masks, changing the eye glasses is problematic and can only be carried out with the help of special tools.

Es ist daher eine Aufgabe der Erfindung, eine Schutzmaske der eingangs genannten Art zu schaffen, bei der bei minimalen Behinderungen beim Tragen ein möglichst grosses Gesichtsfeld aufrecht erhalten bleibt. Mit der Maske soll ausserdem die Voraussetzung dafür geschaffen werden, um auf einfachste Art Korrekturlinsen anzubringen, wobei den individuellen Verhält­nissen Rechnung getragen werden kann. Schliesslich soll auch das Auswechseln der Augengläser in der Maske vereinfacht werden.It is therefore an object of the invention to provide a protective mask of the type mentioned at the beginning, in which the largest possible field of vision is maintained with minimal disabilities when worn. The mask is also intended to create the prerequisites for applying correction lenses in the simplest way, while taking individual circumstances into account. Finally, the replacement of the eye glasses in the mask should also be simplified.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäss mit einer Schutzmaske gelöst, welch die Merkmale von Anspruch 1 aufweist. Die kalottenförmige Gestaltung ist einerseits der Schädelform besser angepasst als alle bisher bekannten Formen von Augen­gläsern. Anderseits wird dadurch eine Reduktion des Abstandes zum Auge und somit ein vergrössertes Gesichtsfeld erreicht. Wenn die Augengläser dabei bezogen auf ihre Grundfläche axialsymmetrisch ausgebildet sind, so kann für das linke und für das rechte Auge ein und dasselbe Augenglas verwendet werden. Eine besonders vorteilhafte Form und Anordnung der Augengläser ergibt sich, wenn deren Grundfläche etwa die Form eines vollumfänglich abgerundeten, insbesondere eines gleich­schenkligen Dreiecks, aufweist und wenn sich die Symmetrie­achsen unterhalb der Augengläser in der Mitte der Schutzmaske kreuzen.This object is achieved according to the invention with a protective mask, which has the features of claim 1. On the one hand, the dome-shaped design is better adapted to the shape of the skull than all previously known forms of eye glasses. On the other hand, this results in a reduction in the distance to the eye and thus an enlarged field of vision. If the eye glasses are axially symmetrical with respect to their base area, one and the same eye glass can be used for the left and for the right eye. A particularly advantageous shape and arrangement of the eye glasses results if their base surface has approximately the shape of a completely rounded triangle, in particular an isosceles triangle, and if the axes of symmetry cross below the eye glasses in the middle of the protective mask.

Die Augengläser lassen sich besonders einfach herstellen, wenn sie kugelkalottenförmig ausgebildet sind, wobei sich ein Innenradius der Kalotte zwischen 100 bis 160 mm als besonders Vorteilhaft erwiesen hat.The eye glasses can be produced particularly easily if they are designed in the shape of spherical caps, an inner radius of the spherical cap between 100 and 160 mm having proven particularly advantageous.

Die eingangs geschilderten Probleme für Brillenträger lassen sich auf besonders einfache Weise lösen, wenn auf der inneren oder äusseren Begrenzungsfläche der Augengläser eine Korrek­turlinse angeordnet ist. Die kalottenförmigen Augengläser kommen der Form üblicher Korrekturlinsen für Brillenträger besonders nahe, so dass eine Korrekturlinse direkt auf das Augenglas aufgekittet werden kann, ohne dass dabei ein Hohl­raum zwischen Augenglas und Korrekturlinse entsteht. Der Pupillenabstand kann dabei bei jedem Schutzmaskenträger indi­viduell berücksichtigt werden, so dass die einmal angepassten und angesetzten Korrekturlinsen keine weiteren Probleme mehr verursachen. In bestimmten Fällen ist es auch denkbar, die Korrekturlinse direkt in die Augengläser zu integrieren. Dies ist mit den heute üblichen Techniken und bei der Verwendung von Kunststoffgläsern besonders einfach möglich.The problems described above for glasses wearers can be solved in a particularly simple manner if a correction lens is arranged on the inner or outer boundary surface of the eye glasses. The dome-shaped eye glasses come particularly close to the shape of conventional correction lenses for spectacle wearers, so that a correction lens can be cemented directly onto the eye glass without creating a cavity between the eye glass and the correction lens. The pupil distance can be taken into account individually for each protective mask wearer, so that the corrected and fitted correction lenses no longer cause any problems. In certain cases, it is also conceivable to integrate the correction lens directly into the eye glasses. This is particularly easy to do with today's common techniques and when using plastic glasses.

Besonders einfach lassen sich die Augengläser in der Maske befestigen, wenn sie in eine umlaufende Nut im Maskenteil derart eingepasst sind, dass das Maskenteil im Randbereich der Augengläser auf der Rückseite und auf der Vorderseite anliegt. Der Rand der Augengläser wird dadurch vollständig vom Kautschuk- oder Kunststoffmaterial der Maske eingefasst und geschützt. Gleichzeitig wird eine einwandfreie Abdichtung erzielt, die auch unter extremen Bedingungen aufrecht erhal­ten bleibt. Eine optimale Dichtwirkung und ein sicherer Sitz der Augengläser kann noch dadurch optimiert werden, dass ein innerer und ein äusserer Fassungsring von aussen gegen das Maskenteil pressbar ist, so dass der Randbereich jedes Augen­glases klemmend erfasst wird. Die beiden Fassungsringe können dabei an jedem Augenglas mit wenigstens einer Klammer zusam­mengehalten werden, so dass über den gesamten Randbereich eine etwa gleichbleibende Presskraft aufrecht erhalten wird. Ein zusätzlicher Schutz bzw. eine Verstärkung der Randpartie der Augengläser kann noch dadurch erreicht werden, dass die beiden Fassungsringe an jedem Augenglas sich überlappen und dass die Klammern wenigstens zwei abgewinkelte Enden aufwei­sen, von denen eines am inneren und eines am äusseren Fas­sungsring angreift. Die sich überlappenden Fassungsringe bilden eine formstabile Einheit, die auch Schlägen und Stös­sen ohne weiteres standhalten kann. Zum Auswechseln eines Augenglases müssen lediglich die Klammern ausgehakt werden, was z.B. mit einem Taschenmesser ohne weiteres möglich ist.The eye glasses can be particularly easily attached to the mask if they are fitted into a circumferential groove in the mask part in such a way that the mask part lies in the edge region of the eye glasses on the back and on the front. The edge of the eye glasses is completely enclosed and protected by the rubber or plastic material of the mask. At the same time, a perfect seal is achieved, which is maintained even under extreme conditions. An optimal sealing effect and a secure fit of the eye glasses can be further optimized by pressing an inner and an outer frame ring from the outside against the mask part, so that the edge area of each eye glass is clamped. The two frame rings can be held together on each eye glass with at least one clamp, so that an approximately constant pressing force is maintained over the entire edge area. Additional protection or reinforcement of the edge area of the eye glasses can also be achieved in that the two frame rings on each eye glass overlap and that the clips have at least two angled ends, one of which engages the inner and one of the outer ring. The overlapping mounting rings form a dimensionally stable unit that can easily withstand shocks and impacts. To replace an eyeglass, all you have to do is uncheck the clips, which is easily possible with a pocket knife, for example.

Ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung ist in den Zeichnungen dargestellt und wird nachstehend genauer beschrieben. Es zeigen:

  • Figur 1 Eine Ansicht von vorne auf eine Schutzmaske,
  • Figur 2 einen Querschnitt durch die Schutzmaske gemäss Figur 1 etwa in der Ebene der Augen,
  • Figur 3 ein Augenglas mit einer aufgesetzten Korrektur­linse,
  • Figur 3a einen Querschnitt durch ein Augenglas mit innensei­tig integrierter Korrekturlinse,
  • Figur 3b einen Querschnitt durch ein Augenglas mit aussen­seitig integrierter Korrekturlinse,
  • Figur 4 die graphische Darstellung des Gesichtsfeldes mit einer erfindungsgemässen Schutzmaske,
  • Figur 5 einen Teilschnitt durch die Randpartie eines Augenglases in stark vergrösserter Darstellung und
  • Figur 6 eine Draufsicht auf die Befestigung eines Augen­glases gemäss Figur 5.
An embodiment of the invention is shown in the drawings and will be described in more detail below. Show it:
  • FIG. 1 shows a front view of a protective mask,
  • FIG. 2 shows a cross section through the protective mask according to FIG. 1 approximately in the plane of the eyes,
  • FIG. 3 an eyeglass with a correction lens attached,
  • FIG. 3a shows a cross section through an eyeglass with a correction lens integrated on the inside,
  • FIG. 3b shows a cross section through an eyeglass with a correction lens integrated on the outside,
  • FIG. 4 shows the graphic representation of the visual field with a protective mask according to the invention,
  • Figure 5 is a partial section through the edge of an eye glass in a greatly enlarged view and
  • FIG. 6 shows a plan view of the attachment of an eye lens according to FIG. 5.

Wie in Figur 1 dargestellt, besteht die Schutzmaske aus einem Maskenteil 1 aus Kautschuk oder aus Kunststoffmaterial, das mit Hilfe von Haltebändern 10 dichtend gegen das Gesicht gepresst werden kann. Am Maskenteil 1 ist im unteren Bereich der Filter 9 befestigt. Etwa in der Mitte ist eine Sprechmem­bran 11 angeordnet, über welche die direkte Kommunikation gewährleistet ist. Die Konstruktion der übrigen Maskenteile ist jedoch für die vorliegende Erfindung nicht weiter von Bedeutung.As shown in Figure 1, the protective mask consists of a mask part 1 made of rubber or plastic material, which can be pressed against the face in a sealing manner with the aid of holding straps 10. The filter 9 is attached to the mask part 1 in the lower region. A speech membrane 11, via which direct communication is ensured, is arranged approximately in the middle. However, the construction of the remaining mask parts is of no further importance for the present invention.

Die beiden Augengläser 2 und 2′ sind axialsymmetrisch ausge­bildet und haben die Grundform eines vollumfänglich abgerun­deten Dreiecks. Die Symmetrieachsen 3 kreuzen sich unterhalb der Augengläser in der Mitte der Maske. Die axialsymmetrische Ausbildung der Augengläser ermöglicht es, für beide Seiten die gleiche Glasform zu verwenden, so dass ein Austausch ohne Berücksichtigung von links und rechts jederzeit möglich ist.The two eye glasses 2 and 2 'are axially symmetrical and have the basic shape of a fully rounded triangle. The axes of symmetry 3 cross below the eye glasses in the middle of the mask. The axially symmetrical design of the eye glasses makes it possible to use the same glass shape for both sides, so that an exchange without consideration of the left and right is possible at any time.

Die beiden Augengläser im dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel sind kugelkalottenförmig ausgebildet. Wie aus Figur 2 er­sichtlich, sind die Augengläser mit einem Radius R gewölbt der bezogen auf die innere Begrenzungsfläche ca. 100 bis 160 mm betragen kann. Als vorteilhafter Innenradius der Ku­gelkalotte hat sich beispielsweise ein Mass von ca. 130 mm erwiesen. Wie aus Figur 2 ersichtlich ist, sind die beiden Augengläser 2 und 2′ in einem Winkel Alpha zueinander schräg gestellt. Zusammen mit der Kalottenform ist damit eine beson­ders vorteilhafte Anpassung an die Kopfform gewährleistet. Die Augengläser stehen so seitlich nur gering heraus, was das Tragen des Helmes, die Bedienung von Instrumenten und das Schiessen mit dem Sturmgewehr erleichtert.The two eye glasses in the illustrated embodiment are spherical. As can be seen from FIG. 2, the eye glasses are curved with a radius R which, based on the inner boundary surface, can be approximately 100 to 160 mm. A dimension of approximately 130 mm, for example, has proven to be an advantageous inner radius of the spherical cap. As can be seen from Figure 2, the two eye glasses 2 and 2 'are inclined at an angle alpha to each other. Together with the spherical shape, this ensures a particularly advantageous adaptation to the head shape. The eye glasses are only slightly protruding from the side, which makes it easier to wear the helmet, operate instruments and fire with an assault rifle.

In Figur 3 ist perspektivisch ein Augenglas 2 dargestellt, auf dessen innere Begrenzungsfläche 16 eine Korrekturlinse 12 aufgekittet ist. Das Aufkitten oder Aufkleben der Korrektur­linse 12 erfolgt dabei derart, dass der Pupillenabstand des Maskenträgers berücksichtigt wird, so dass die optische Achse der Korrekturlinse 12 möglichst mit der Pupillenachse über­einstimmt. Die Korrekturlinse 12 kann auch unmittelbar in das Augenglas 2 integriert sein, wie aus den Figuren 3a und 3b ersichtlich ist. Je nach Stärke der Korrekturlinse 12 könnten dann jedoch die Randpartien flach ausgebildet werden um keine zu grosse Gesamtdicke zu erreichen. Augengläser und Korrek­turlinsen werden aus Kunststoffmaterial oder Mineralglas gefertigt. Auch eine Kombination von Mineralglas und Kunst­stoffglas wäre jedoch denkbar. Schliesslich könnten die Augengläser 2 ähnlich wie Brillengläser auch verschiedene Beschichtungen oder Behandlungen z.B. gegen UV-Strahlen und dergleichen aufweisen.An eye lens 2 is shown in perspective in FIG. 3, on the inner boundary surface 16 of which a correction lens 12 is cemented. The correction lens 12 is cemented or glued on in such a way that the pupil distance of the mask wearer is taken into account, so that the optical axis of the correction lens 12 coincides as closely as possible with the pupil axis. The correction lens 12 can also be integrated directly into the eye glass 2, as can be seen from FIGS. 3a and 3b. Depending on the strength of the correction lens 12, however, the edge parts could then be made flat in order not to achieve an overall thickness that is too great. Eye glasses and correction lenses are made of plastic material or mineral glass. A combination of mineral glass and plastic glass would also be conceivable. Finally, similar to spectacle lenses, the eye glasses 2 could also have different coatings or treatments, e.g. against UV rays and the like.

In Figur 4 ist die apertometrische Auswertung einer Schutz­maske mit erfindungsgemässen Augengläsern graphisch darge­stellt. Mit Hilfe des Apertometers kann das Gesichtsfeld mittels Lichteffekten sichtbar gemacht werden. Von besonderer Bedeutung ist dabei der überlappende Bereich des Gesichtsfel­des der beiden Augen, der als binokulares Gesichtsfeld oder Stereofeld 13 bezeichnet wird. Mit 14 ist das Gesamtgesichts­feld bezeichnet, welches in Figur 4 eine etwa doppelnieren­förmige Konfiguration aufweist. Dieses Gesamtgesichtsfeld ist mit den erfindungsgemässen Augengläsern annähernd gleich gross wie das natürliche Gesichtsfeld ohne Schutzmaske, das mit Position 18 als unterbrochene Linie dargestellt ist. Ledliglich seitlich muss eine geringfügige Beschränkung des Gesichtsfeldes in Kauf genommen werden, während nach oben und nach unten praktisch freie Sicht herrscht. Derartige Resulta­te liessen sich mit bekannten Augengläsern bisher nicht er­reichen. Auch das binokulare Gesichtsfeld 13 ist verhältnis­mässig gross, was das Arbeiten mit optischen Instrumenten, das Schätzen von Distanzen usw. wesentlich erleichtert.The apertureometric evaluation of a protective mask with eye glasses according to the invention is shown graphically in FIG. With the help of the aperture meter, the visual field can be made visible using light effects. The overlapping area of the visual field of the two eyes, which is referred to as the binocular visual field or stereo field 13, is of particular importance. The overall field of view, which has an approximately double kidney-shaped configuration in FIG. 4, is designated by 14. This overall field of view with the eye glasses according to the invention is approximately the same size as the natural field of view without a protective mask, which is shown as a broken line at position 18. Only a slight restriction of the field of vision has to be accepted from the side, while there is practically a clear view up and down. Such results have so far not been achieved with known eye glasses. The binocular field of view 13 is also relatively large, which makes working with optical instruments, estimating distances, etc. much easier.

Die Figuren 5 und 6 zeigen die Befestigung der kalottenförmi­gen Augengläser 2 im Maskenteil 1 im Detail. Jedes Augenglas 2 ist in eine umlaufende Nut 5 im Maskenteil 1 einpassbar. Der vordere und der hintere Randbereich jedes Augenglases ist dabei vollständig vom elastischen Material des Maskenteils 1 eingeschlossen. Um einen sicheren Sitz und eine gasdichte Abdichtung zu gewährleisten, wird der Randbereich jedes Au­genglases mit Hilfe eines inneren Fassungsrings 6 und eines äusseren Fassungsrings 7 zusammengepresst. Diese Fassungsrin­ge werden von aussen her auf den umlaufenden Rand aufgesetzt, der durch die Nut 5 gebildet wird. Die Fassungsringe sind vorzugsweise aus Metall gefertigt, könnten aber auch aus Kunststoff bestehen. Wie insbesondere aus Figur 5 ersichtlich ist, überlappen sich die beiden Fassungsringe 6 und 7 im äusseren Randbereich. Mit Hilfe von Klammern 8, vorzugsweise etwa drei bis vier verteilt über den gesamten Umfang, werden die beiden Fassungsringe zusammengehalten. Jede Klammer ist mit abgewinkelten Enden 17 versehen, von denen eines am inne­ren Fassungsring 6 und das andere am äusseren Fassungsring 7 angreift. Der äussere Fassungsring ist beim Ausführungsbei­spiel mit einem Schlitz 15 versehen, in welchem die Klammer 8 eingreift. Selbstverständlich könnte die Klammer 8 aber auch auf andere Weise die beiden Fassungsringe zusammenhalten. Unter Umständen wäre es auch denkbar, die Klammer 8 ganz wegzulassen und die beiden Fassungsringe derart auszubilden, dass sie ineinander einschnappen.Figures 5 and 6 show the attachment of the dome-shaped eye glasses 2 in the mask part 1 in detail. Each eye glass 2 can be fitted into a circumferential groove 5 in the mask part 1. The front and the rear edge area of each eye lens is completely enclosed by the elastic material of the mask part 1. In order to ensure a secure fit and a gas-tight seal, the edge region of each eye glass is pressed together with the aid of an inner frame ring 6 and an outer frame ring 7. These mounting rings are placed from the outside on the peripheral edge, which is formed by the groove 5. The mounting rings are preferably made of metal, but could also consist of plastic. As can be seen in particular from FIG. 5, the two mounting rings 6 and 7 overlap in the outer edge region. With the help of clips 8, preferably about three to four distributed over the entire circumference, the two mounting rings are held together. Each bracket is provided with angled ends 17, one of which engages on the inner mounting ring 6 and the other on the outer mounting ring 7. In the exemplary embodiment, the outer mounting ring is provided with a slot 15, in which the clip 8 engages. Of course, the clip 8 could also hold the two mounting rings together in another way. Under certain circumstances it would also be conceivable to omit the clamp 8 entirely and to design the two mounting rings in such a way that they snap into one another.

Die beschriebene Befestigungsart der Augengläser ermöglicht ersichtlicherweise ein rasches Auswechseln, das ohne Spezial­werkzeuge jederzeit vorgenommen werden kann. Die Augengläser und das Maskenteil 1 im Bereich der Nut 5 sind durch die beiden Fassungsringe optimal geschützt. Anstelle von geome­trisch exakt kugelkalottenförmigen Augengläsern wären natür­lich auch je nach Maskenkonfiguration geringfügige Abweichun­gen denkbar.The described way of fastening the eyeglasses obviously enables a quick change, which can be carried out at any time without special tools. The eye glasses and the mask part 1 in the area of the groove 5 are optimally protected by the two frame rings. Instead of geometrically exactly spherical-spherical eye glasses, minor deviations would of course also be conceivable, depending on the mask configuration.

Claims (11)

1. Schutzmaske, insbesondere Militärschutzmaske mit einem gasdicht an das Gesicht anpressbaren Maskenteil (1) und mit zwei Augengläsern (2, 2′, die mit einer Befestigungs­vorrichtung in Augenhöhe im Maskenteil (1) befestigt sind, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Augengläser (2, 2′) kalottenförmig oder annähernd kalottenförmig ausge­bildet sind.1. A protective mask, in particular a military protective mask with a mask part (1) which can be pressed gastight onto the face and with two eye glasses (2, 2 'which are fastened with a fastening device at eye level in the mask part (1), characterized in that the eye glasses (2, 2 ') are dome-shaped or approximately dome-shaped. 2. Schutzmaske nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Augengläser bezogen auf ihre Grundfläche axialsymme­trisch ausgebildet sind.2. Protective mask according to claim 1, characterized in that the eye glasses are axially symmetrical with respect to their base. 3. Schutzmaske nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Grundfläche der Augengläser die Form eines vollum­fänglich abgerundeten Dreiecks, insbesondere eines gleischschenkligen Dreiecks aufweist, und dass sich die Symmetrieachsen (3) unterhalb der Augengläser in der Mitte der Schutzmaske kreuzen.3. Protective mask according to claim 2, characterized in that the base surface of the eye glasses has the shape of a fully rounded triangle, in particular a triangle with equal legs, and that the axes of symmetry (3) intersect below the eye glasses in the middle of the protective mask. 4. Schutzmaske nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Augengläser kugelkalottenförmig ausgebildet sind und dass der Innenradius der Kalotte zwischen 100 bis 160 mm beträgt.4. Protective mask according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the eye glasses are spherical dome-shaped and that the inner radius of the dome is between 100 to 160 mm. 5. Schutzmaske nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass auf der inneren Begrenzungsfläche (16) der Augengläser eine Korrekturlinse (12) angeordnet ist.5. Protective mask according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that a correction lens (12) is arranged on the inner boundary surface (16) of the eye glasses. 6. Schutzmaske nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass auf der äusseren Begrenzungsfläche der Augengläser eine Korrekturlinse (12) angeordnet ist.6. Protective mask according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that a correction lens (12) is arranged on the outer boundary surface of the eye glasses. 7. Schutzmaske nach einem der Ansprüche 5 oder 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass eine Korrekturlinse direkt in die Augengläser integriert ist.7. Protective mask according to one of claims 5 or 6, characterized in that a correction lens is integrated directly into the eye glasses. 8. Schutzmaske nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Augengläser in eine umlaufende Nut (5) im Maskenteil (1) derart eingepasst sind, dass das Maskenteil im Randbereich der Augengläser auf der Rückseite und auf der Vorderseite anliegt.8. Protective mask according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the eye glasses are fitted into a circumferential groove (5) in the mask part (1) such that the mask part rests in the edge region of the eye glasses on the back and on the front. 9. Schutzmaske nach Anspruch 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass ein innerer (6) und ein äusserer Fassungsring (7) von aussen gegen das Maskenteil (1) pressbar ist, so dass der Randbereich jedes Augenglases (2) klemmend erfasst wird.9. Protective mask according to claim 8, characterized in that an inner (6) and an outer frame ring (7) can be pressed from the outside against the mask part (1), so that the edge region of each eye lens (2) is clamped. 10. Schutzmaske nach Anspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die beiden Fassungsringe (6, 7) an jedem Augenglas mit wenigstens einer Klammer (8) zusammengehalten werden.10. Protective mask according to claim 9, characterized in that the two frame rings (6, 7) on each eye glass are held together with at least one clip (8). 11. Schutzmaske nach Anspruch 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die beiden Fassungsringe (6, 7) an jedem Augenglas sich überlappen und dass die Klammern (8) wenigstens zwei abgewinkelte Enden (17) aufweisen, von denen eines am inneren und eines am äusseren Fassungsring angreift.11. Protective mask according to claim 10, characterized in that the two frame rings (6, 7) overlap on each eye glass and that the brackets (8) have at least two angled ends (17), one on the inner and one on the outer ring attacks.
EP88810251A 1987-05-13 1988-04-20 Protective mask, especially for military purposes Expired - Lifetime EP0291450B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT88810251T ATE69173T1 (en) 1987-05-13 1988-04-20 PROTECTIVE MASK, PARTICULARLY MILITARY PROTECTIVE MASK.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH1823/87 1987-05-13
CH1823/87A CH672740A5 (en) 1987-05-13 1987-05-13

Publications (3)

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EP0291450A2 true EP0291450A2 (en) 1988-11-17
EP0291450A3 EP0291450A3 (en) 1989-04-26
EP0291450B1 EP0291450B1 (en) 1991-11-06

Family

ID=4219429

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP88810251A Expired - Lifetime EP0291450B1 (en) 1987-05-13 1988-04-20 Protective mask, especially for military purposes

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EP (1) EP0291450B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE69173T1 (en)
CH (1) CH672740A5 (en)
DE (1) DE3866015D1 (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR100696078B1 (en) 2006-03-31 2007-03-21 김영남 Lens coupler for gas mask that can keep focus

Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NL53778C (en) * 1900-01-01
US2060823A (en) * 1935-08-24 1936-11-17 Thomas A O'leary Eyepiece for gas masks
US2158693A (en) * 1936-12-05 1939-05-16 Mine Safety Appliances Co Gas-mask eye piece mounting
GB506821A (en) * 1936-08-29 1939-06-01 Horak Vaclav Appliance for fitting and securing optical lenses in protective or gas masks
FR864198A (en) * 1939-11-21 1941-04-21 Removable or fixed safety and vision correction devices, applicable to gas masks, to all spectacles and optical instruments in general
GB540709A (en) * 1939-10-07 1941-10-27 Mine Safety Appliances Co Improvements in or relating to eye panels for respirator face pieces or goggles
US2396207A (en) * 1942-11-09 1946-03-05 Alfred H Sachs Lens mounting for gas masks and the like
CH365948A (en) * 1959-02-11 1962-11-30 Stato Ag Gas mask
DE1235749B (en) * 1964-01-17 1967-03-02 Draegerwerk Ag Respirator
DE1273330B (en) * 1965-09-02 1968-07-18 Auergesellschaft Gmbh Window for respirators

Patent Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NL53778C (en) * 1900-01-01
US2060823A (en) * 1935-08-24 1936-11-17 Thomas A O'leary Eyepiece for gas masks
GB506821A (en) * 1936-08-29 1939-06-01 Horak Vaclav Appliance for fitting and securing optical lenses in protective or gas masks
US2158693A (en) * 1936-12-05 1939-05-16 Mine Safety Appliances Co Gas-mask eye piece mounting
GB540709A (en) * 1939-10-07 1941-10-27 Mine Safety Appliances Co Improvements in or relating to eye panels for respirator face pieces or goggles
FR864198A (en) * 1939-11-21 1941-04-21 Removable or fixed safety and vision correction devices, applicable to gas masks, to all spectacles and optical instruments in general
US2396207A (en) * 1942-11-09 1946-03-05 Alfred H Sachs Lens mounting for gas masks and the like
CH365948A (en) * 1959-02-11 1962-11-30 Stato Ag Gas mask
DE1235749B (en) * 1964-01-17 1967-03-02 Draegerwerk Ag Respirator
DE1273330B (en) * 1965-09-02 1968-07-18 Auergesellschaft Gmbh Window for respirators

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR100696078B1 (en) 2006-03-31 2007-03-21 김영남 Lens coupler for gas mask that can keep focus

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CH672740A5 (en) 1989-12-29
EP0291450A3 (en) 1989-04-26
EP0291450B1 (en) 1991-11-06
DE3866015D1 (en) 1991-12-12
ATE69173T1 (en) 1991-11-15

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