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EP0277452A1 - Verfahren zum Herstellen von Formgegenständen und Formeinrichtung zu dessen Durchführung - Google Patents

Verfahren zum Herstellen von Formgegenständen und Formeinrichtung zu dessen Durchführung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0277452A1
EP0277452A1 EP87440088A EP87440088A EP0277452A1 EP 0277452 A1 EP0277452 A1 EP 0277452A1 EP 87440088 A EP87440088 A EP 87440088A EP 87440088 A EP87440088 A EP 87440088A EP 0277452 A1 EP0277452 A1 EP 0277452A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
mold
products
pestle
molding
handling
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP87440088A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Jacques Vasseur
Gérard Bertrand
Jean-Marie Demoulin
Paul-Eric Dujardin
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
SKAKO PIERRE ET BERTRAND SA
Original Assignee
SKAKO PIERRE ET BERTRAND SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from FR8701171A external-priority patent/FR2609928A1/fr
Priority claimed from FR8710414A external-priority patent/FR2618094A1/fr
Application filed by SKAKO PIERRE ET BERTRAND SA filed Critical SKAKO PIERRE ET BERTRAND SA
Publication of EP0277452A1 publication Critical patent/EP0277452A1/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B13/00—Feeding the unshaped material to moulds or apparatus for producing shaped articles; Discharging shaped articles from such moulds or apparatus
    • B28B13/04—Discharging the shaped articles
    • B28B13/06—Removing the shaped articles from moulds
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B3/00—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor
    • B28B3/02—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor wherein a ram exerts pressure on the material in a moulding space; Ram heads of special form
    • B28B3/022—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor wherein a ram exerts pressure on the material in a moulding space; Ram heads of special form combined with vibrating or jolting

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a process for manufacturing molded products as well as to a molding installation authorizing in particular the implementation of said process.
  • the invention will particularly find its application in the construction and building sector for manufacturing construction products of cement-based forms such as blocks, commonly called concrete blocks or the like.
  • the invention can be applied to other fields where we find the same molding problems.
  • Different transfers between the stations are also carried out automatically, in particular by means of handling ferries or all other transport systems adapted to the products and the location of the different work stations.
  • a known type of molding installation consists essentially of a hopper for supplying moldable materials, one or more molds, the shape of the products to be produced, a movable dispensing drawer which allows, by a back and forth movement, to feed the mold from the material contained in the feed hopper, a compaction pestle as well as a vibrator which make it possible to give the molded products a significant compactness in order to increase their mechanical resistance.
  • the wooden board constitutes, on the one hand, the bottom of the mold and, on the other hand, will be used after demolding for handling fresh products.
  • the mold is filled with moldable material for the intermediary of the feed hopper and of the dispensing drawer, then vibrations are caused by the vibrator in order to make the moldable material penetrate into the mold, finally it is compacted by means of the compression pin and by vibration.
  • demolding is carried out according to known techniques by raising the mold, the fresh molded product then remaining on the handling wooden board.
  • the cost of the boards is important not only at the time of investment of the machine but also during service, the boards are generally considered as consumable materials.
  • Wood is a relatively soft material, and due to the moldable material, vibrations, and pressures exerted on the boards at the time of molding, these have a limited lifespan and must be replaced frequently periodically to always obtain a good quality product.
  • the handling wooden board serves as the mold base, it is important that it has good flatness. In addition, since the molded products are heavy, it is also important that it resists during handling to avoid loss of product.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a method and an installation for manufacturing molded products, in particular intended for construction, the products being for example made from cement, such as concrete blocks or other similar shaped products, which use as handling plates, in particular traditional wooden boards, but which, thanks to the specific steps of the present invention, make it possible to prevent premature wear of said boards while giving better results in terms of the quality of the molded product.
  • One of the aims of the present invention is to propose a process for manufacturing molded products in which the molding is not carried out, as traditionally, on the wooden board, which in particular allows on the one hand to have better vibration during compaction, because the damping effect of the wooden board is removed, and on the other hand to have a better longevity of the boards, because they no longer support the compaction or vibration forces during molding.
  • One of the aims of the present invention is to propose a process for the production of molded products in which the handling plates have only a role as a plan for laying fresh molded products usable only during the handling of the products to transport them to the 'drying and storage area.
  • the plates suffering mechanically much less, there will be a better presentation of the stacking and the recovery by mechanical and automatic devices during handling will be facilitated.
  • Another object of the present invention is to propose a process for manufacturing molded products which allows the production of a product with a better finish at the level of their laying plan, this advantageously having an impact on the subsequent handling of dry products: better presentation products during stacking, possible shifting of products on their laying plan.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a molding installation, in particular authorizing the implementation of the process for manufacturing molded products, in particular of cement-based construction, such as concrete blocks or other similar shaped products, according to the present. invention, whose operating cost is significantly reduced due to the better longevity of the handling plates.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a molding installation which makes it possible to obtain molded products, in particular of cement-based construction, which has a better finish and increased mechanical strength.
  • Another object of the present invention is to propose a molding installation which makes it possible to make substantial gains in moldable material on the one hand by a better molding technique and on the other hand by avoiding the production of non-conforming molded products and by eliminating the losses by breakage at the time of their handling.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a molding installation which can on the one hand be supplied with handling plates, for example from the front, and on the other hand which allows the evacuation of the products molded on the said plate by the same side, that is to say also from the front.
  • the method of manufacturing molded products, in particular of cement-based construction, such as blocks commonly called parapaings or other similar shaped products, in particular implemented in a plant for pressing such products comprising at least : - A molding device having at least one mold whose lower face is open and a table for receiving the mold. - a set of molded product handling plates, said process is characterized by the fact that: - the mold is placed on the receiving table so that it is in direct contact with the underside of the mold, - the product (s) to be obtained are molded, - a handling plate is substituted for said receiving table, after molding under the underside of the mold, - The product (s) thus obtained are removed from the mold on said plate.
  • the molding installation in particular authorizing the implementation of the process for manufacturing molded products according to the present invention, comprising at least: - a device for supplying moldable material, lower is open and a compression pestle cooperating with said mold, - a vibration device having a vibrating vibration table, is characterized by the fact that said vibration table substantially constitutes the mold receiving table and the bottom wall of the mold.
  • the present invention relates to a device for manufacturing molded products and a molding installation allowing the implementation of said method.
  • the invention will in particular allow the molding of cement-based construction products, such as concrete blocks or other similar shaped products. Nevertheless, one could consider using the present invention on the one hand in other fields where molding poses similar problems and / or on the other hand with other moldable materials than cement.
  • Figure 1 schematically shows the top view of a complete installation for manufacturing molded products.
  • the example shown applies in particular to concrete blocks.
  • the present invention relates essentially to the actual molding station which fits perfectly into installations of known type.
  • FIG. 1 shows the different work stations, namely, in 1: the actual molding installation, in 2; the product storage and drying area, in 3: a palletizing facility for dried molded products.
  • a floor ferry 4 which in particular allows the fresh molded products to be taken out of the molding station 1 and then places them on the drying air 2.
  • This ferry allows also when the products are dry, take them back from this storage area to direct them towards the palletizing machine 3.
  • a handling system 5 which in particular allows the fresh products which have just been molded to be conveyed, is completed by an elevator device 6, which makes it possible to place the different products in a column according to a technique known to those skilled in the art.
  • the palletizing device 3 is connected to the transporter 4 by a conveyor 7, terminated by a descending device 8, the operation of which is similar to the above-mentioned device 6 but reverse.
  • the pallets are removed from the device 3 by a conveyor 9 constructed using techniques known to those skilled in the art.
  • This conveyor 9 therefore sends the pallets formed with the dried molded products for storage and dispatch thereof.
  • a recovery system 10 is also provided for handling plates, which, let us recall, are used to authorize the handling of fresh products from item 1 to the palletizing item 3, via the drying area 2.
  • This station provided according to techniques known to those skilled in the art, makes it possible in particular to clean the handling plates, then to turn them over and place them in a waiting store 11 from which they will then be removed for the needs from the molding installation 1 and directed towards them via the conveyor 12.
  • Said general installation as illustrated in FIG. 1 in particular allows the following cycle to take place: - molding of fresh products in the molding installation 1, handling of fresh products 13 on a handling plate 14 via the conveyor 5 to the lift device 6, - recovery of this elevator 6 when it is completely filled by the transporter 4 and storage of the said products in the different spans of the storage area 2, - recovery of the products when they are dry in the storage area 2 by the transporter 4, formation of pallets of dried molded products, the boards 14 on which the dry products 15 are then placed are taken up one by one by means of the elevator 8 and directed by the conveyor 7 to the palletizing device 3, - evacuation of the pallets formed by the conveyor 9, - recovery of the boards 14 at the level of the device 10 and put on hold in the store 11 for a future use; these are then recycled via the conveyor 12.
  • FIGS 2 and 3 schematically show a first embodiment of an installation 1 for molding products, in particular of cement-based construction such as concrete blocks, which comprises at least one molding device 17, a vibration device 18, a set 19 of handling plates 14 for molded products.
  • the latter includes a feed hopper 21 and a distribution slide 22 which will allow the mouldable material to be brought to the molding device 17.
  • the molding device 17 has at least one hollow mold 23 whose internal volume corresponds to the products to be molded.
  • the mold can allow the realization of one or more produced simultaneously according to the dimensions of the latter.
  • the mold 23 consists of the closed side walls and has an upper face 24 and a lower face 25 open.
  • the molding device 17 will also have a compression pestle 26.
  • the latter will be able to move vertically according to the arrows 30 so that it can penetrate into the mold 23 through its upper face 24 and slide in the mold to compact the moldable material.
  • the vibration device 18 has at least one vibration table 27 actuated by any means of known vibrating systems such as knockers, motorized mechanical vibrators.
  • the vibration table 27 will have a surface adapted to the open underside 25 of the mold 23. In fact, this will constitute substantially the mold receiving table as well as the bottom wall of the mold, in other words the bottom of the mold. . In the case of concrete block molding, the table 27 will advantageously be flat.
  • the handling plates 14 of the molded products will be placed on the assembly 19 which will be provided in such a way that during the process, the plates 14 can be placed one by one on the upper face of the vibration and reception table 27.
  • Such devices are known to those skilled in the art.
  • the supply of moldable material it will be kneaded beforehand and then contained in the supply hopper 21, the lower face of which will have a controlled hatch for letting the material flow as required.
  • the distribution drawer 22 which will be advantageously mounted to slide horizontally on a plate 28 and controlled by a drive member 29 so that the drawer 22 performs a back and forth movement between the hopper 21 and the open face 24 upper part of the mold 23 to supply it with moldable material.
  • a drive member 29 Such devices are also known to those skilled in the art.
  • Such an installation 1 allows in particular the implementation of the process for manufacturing molded products according to the present invention in which the following steps are carried out successively: the mold 23 is placed on the reception table 27 so that it is in direct contact with the underside 25 of the mold 23, - the product (s) to be obtained are molded, such as concrete blocks for example, a handling plate 14 is replaced by the receiving table 27, under the underside 25 of the mold 23, - the product (s) on the said plate 20 are removed from the mold.
  • the molding of said products it is carried out according to traditional phases, namely in particular: by filling the mold 23 with moldable material via the feed hopper 21 and the distribution slide 22, by vibrating the mold 23 to facilitate the introduction of the moldable material into the mold by means of the vibrating table 27, - By compacting the moldable material in the mold 23 by vibration and by the action of the compression pestle 26 by making it penetrate at the upper face 24 of the mold then by exerting a compression pressure of the material.
  • the said products are directly molded in particular on the receiving table 27 of the vibration device 18, the surface of which is adapted to this effect.
  • the mold 23 is raised without causing the molded fresh product or products to be removed from the mold.
  • the mold 23-pestle 26 assembly is raised without causing relative movements of one relative to the other, then placed on the vibrating receiving table. 27 said handling plate 14, finally the mold 23-pestle 26 is lowered onto said plate 14.
  • FIGS 4a to 4d show the different phases of the implementation of this process.
  • FIG. 4a shows, respectively positioned between them, the mold 23 disposed on the vibrating receiving table 27, the lower face 25 of the mold being closed by said table 27, and the compression pestle 26 capable of sliding in the mold 23.
  • the mold 23 has been previously filled with moldable material and the vibrating table is put into action, the vibrations being shown diagrammatically by the broken arrows 27.
  • FIG. 4b shows the action of the compression pestle 26 which descends vertically in the mold 23 to exert a compressive force Fp to compact the moldable material in addition to the vibrations 27.
  • FIG. 4c represents the phase in which the handling plate 14 is interposed between the mold 23 and the vibrating table 27.
  • the action of the vibrating table is stopped in order to be able to position the plate 14 on the surface thereof.
  • the mold 23-pestle 26 assembly is raised without causing the molded fresh product or products which have just been compacted to be removed from the mold.
  • the installation of the invention, and more precisely the molding device 17 has a mold 23 and a compression pestle 26 provided for vertical sliding relative to the vibrating table 27; this sliding is shown diagrammatically in FIG. 4c by the arrows 32.
  • the molding device 17 is such that, when the mold 23 rises during the plate insertion phase, the pestle 26 follows the vertical movements of the mold without causing significant efforts on the products contained in the mold. likely to unmold it.
  • the pestle 26 is mounted on a compensation system of the counterweight type, shown schematically in phantom in Figure 4c, mechanical, hydraulic or electric.
  • this compensation system 23 will make it possible to substantially annihilate the weight of the pestle 26 when the mold is raised or lowered during the insertion phase of the handling plate 14.
  • the compensation system 33 makes it possible to create a differential force.
  • the weight P will be slightly less than the form Fm so that a downward force remains to keep the product and the pestle in contact.
  • a force of the order of 50 to 100 kg would be sufficient to give good results.
  • FIG. 4d illustrates the ascent phase of the mold 23, the blocking of the pestle 26 being shown diagrammatically by the brake shoe marked 34.
  • the pestle 26 is released and then raised to allow handling of the fresh products 13 thus obtained, as specified above.
  • FIGS 5 and 6 schematically show another embodiment of installation 1 for molding products, which also comprises a molding device 17, a vibration device 18, a set of handling plates 14 of the molded product.
  • said vibration table 27 constitutes substantially the mold reception table, and at the end of the molding phase, a handling plate 14 is substituted for said reception table 27.
  • this reception table 27 As regards the said product reception table, we have seen that the upper part 27 of the vibration device 18 was used. In addition, this reception table 27 is mounted on elastic means shown diagrammatically in FIGS. 7 by the pins 35 acting in the opposite direction of the compression force of the pestle 26.
  • the vibrating table is mounted on suspension pads which, once released by the mold 23, raise the whole receiving table, mold, products and pestle. The tables are then transferred without significant effort.
  • Figures 7a to 7e show the different phases successive of the substitution of the receiving table 27 by the handling plate 14, after the compacting phase, to rest the fresh products 13 which have just been molded on said plate 14 and allow their handling traditionally.
  • the reception table 27, substantially constituted by the upper part of the vibration device 18, has means for retracting under the action of the handling plate 14.
  • reception table 27 also has means for guiding horizontal translation.
  • FIG. 7a schematically shows the mold 23, the vibration device 18, the receiving plate 27 and the handling plate 14 respectively positioned with respect to each other during the molding and compacting phase.
  • This substitution is caused by the translation of the handling plate 14 which pushes the receiving table 27 in the opposite direction to disengage it from the vibrating table and interpose the handling plate 14 between the mold and the vibration device 18.
  • the handling plate 14 has a thickness substantially identical to that of the retractable receiving table 27 and a surface sufficient to close the lower open face 25 of the mold 23.
  • Figure 7c shows the release of fresh product 13 on the handling plate 14. During the release phase, the pestle 26 is held in position and there is vertical sliding of the mold 23 relative to the latter.
  • FIG. 7d shows the fresh product 13 removed from the mold, the pestle 26 and the mold raised. From this moment, the plate of handling 14 supporting the fresh product or products 13 can be removed from the machine. For this, the reception table 27 is actuated so that it can return to its initial position above the vibration device 18. It is moved in a reverse movement to that of the substitution phase.
  • FIG. 7e shows the phase of evacuation of the handling plate 14 on the conveyor 5, the return to the initial position of the plate 27 and the return of the mold 23 in direct contact with the latter.
  • Another advantage of the present installation resides in the level of maintenance and troubleshooting of the machine made easier by the fact that the admission of the handling plates and their evacuation with the fresh molded products are done on the same side. of the molding installation.
  • the molding installation 1 comprises a device for feeding the handling plate 14, capable of placing a handling plate 14 under the mold 23 from the front of the installation, then capable of extracting from the front. of the installation, the said handling plate 14 on which the molded products 13 were removed from the mold.
  • the molding, proper, of the products is therefore carried out independently of the traditional handling plates.
  • a better result is obtained and the lifespan of the handling plates is increased, which is why they can advantageously be made of wood without prejudice to their longevity.
  • any other material could also be considered.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Press-Shaping Or Shaping Using Conveyers (AREA)
EP87440088A 1987-01-26 1987-12-28 Verfahren zum Herstellen von Formgegenständen und Formeinrichtung zu dessen Durchführung Withdrawn EP0277452A1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8701171A FR2609928A1 (fr) 1987-01-26 1987-01-26 Procede de moulage de produits moules et installations de moulage permettant la mise en oeuvre du dit procede
FR8701171 1987-01-26
FR8710414A FR2618094A1 (fr) 1987-07-16 1987-07-16 Procede de fabrication de produits moules et installation de moulage permettant la mise en oeuvre dudit procede
FR8710414 1987-07-16

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0277452A1 true EP0277452A1 (de) 1988-08-10

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP87440088A Withdrawn EP0277452A1 (de) 1987-01-26 1987-12-28 Verfahren zum Herstellen von Formgegenständen und Formeinrichtung zu dessen Durchführung

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Country Link
EP (1) EP0277452A1 (de)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2688162A1 (fr) * 1992-03-04 1993-09-10 Demler Sa Procede pour fabriquer des elements en beton moule sous pression et appareil pour la mise en óoeuvre de ce procede.
FR2729602A1 (fr) * 1995-01-25 1996-07-26 Adler Sa Procede de moulage sous pression, et installation pour la mise en oeuvre de ce procede
US5919497A (en) * 1995-03-01 1999-07-06 Hydraform Developments (Pty) Ltd. Simplified apparatus for forming building blocks

Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1921003A (en) * 1928-02-20 1933-08-08 Karl T Romie Concrete block molding machine
FR850269A (fr) * 1939-02-14 1939-12-12 Procédé de vibration et machine pour la fabrication des agglomérés
DE685357C (de) * 1937-11-27 1939-12-16 Joseph Raab & Cie G M B H Einrichtung zum Auswechseln der zum Pressen dienenden eisernen Formunterlagen gegen hoelzerne Unterlagen
FR970361A (de) * 1951-01-03
FR1147772A (fr) * 1955-04-20 1957-11-29 Erven H Trip S Betonmij N V Dispositif pour la fabrication d'une pièce en béton ou matière analogue, dont les génératrices de la paroi latérale sont toutes des lignes droites et parallèles
GB1002387A (en) * 1964-07-07 1965-08-25 Schlosser & Co Gmbh Method of and apparatus for making concrete bodies
FR2057484A5 (de) * 1969-08-22 1971-05-21 Basaltes Francais
FR2474940A1 (fr) * 1980-02-01 1981-08-07 Iacono Jean Systeme pour la fabrication de produits en beton ou autre a double emboitement
EP0214684A1 (de) * 1985-08-23 1987-03-18 Gebroeders Rook Beheer B.V. Verfahren zum Herstellen von Steinen in einer Presse und Presse zum Herstellen genannter Steine

Patent Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR970361A (de) * 1951-01-03
US1921003A (en) * 1928-02-20 1933-08-08 Karl T Romie Concrete block molding machine
DE685357C (de) * 1937-11-27 1939-12-16 Joseph Raab & Cie G M B H Einrichtung zum Auswechseln der zum Pressen dienenden eisernen Formunterlagen gegen hoelzerne Unterlagen
FR850269A (fr) * 1939-02-14 1939-12-12 Procédé de vibration et machine pour la fabrication des agglomérés
FR1147772A (fr) * 1955-04-20 1957-11-29 Erven H Trip S Betonmij N V Dispositif pour la fabrication d'une pièce en béton ou matière analogue, dont les génératrices de la paroi latérale sont toutes des lignes droites et parallèles
GB1002387A (en) * 1964-07-07 1965-08-25 Schlosser & Co Gmbh Method of and apparatus for making concrete bodies
FR2057484A5 (de) * 1969-08-22 1971-05-21 Basaltes Francais
FR2474940A1 (fr) * 1980-02-01 1981-08-07 Iacono Jean Systeme pour la fabrication de produits en beton ou autre a double emboitement
EP0214684A1 (de) * 1985-08-23 1987-03-18 Gebroeders Rook Beheer B.V. Verfahren zum Herstellen von Steinen in einer Presse und Presse zum Herstellen genannter Steine

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2688162A1 (fr) * 1992-03-04 1993-09-10 Demler Sa Procede pour fabriquer des elements en beton moule sous pression et appareil pour la mise en óoeuvre de ce procede.
WO1993017846A1 (fr) * 1992-03-04 1993-09-16 Demler S.A. Procede pour fabriquer des elements en beton moule sous pression, et appareil pour la mise en ×uvre de ce procede
FR2729602A1 (fr) * 1995-01-25 1996-07-26 Adler Sa Procede de moulage sous pression, et installation pour la mise en oeuvre de ce procede
US5919497A (en) * 1995-03-01 1999-07-06 Hydraform Developments (Pty) Ltd. Simplified apparatus for forming building blocks

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