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EP0264360A2 - Dispositif de détection de l'orientation spatiale des places inacceptablement échauffées - Google Patents

Dispositif de détection de l'orientation spatiale des places inacceptablement échauffées Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0264360A2
EP0264360A2 EP87890225A EP87890225A EP0264360A2 EP 0264360 A2 EP0264360 A2 EP 0264360A2 EP 87890225 A EP87890225 A EP 87890225A EP 87890225 A EP87890225 A EP 87890225A EP 0264360 A2 EP0264360 A2 EP 0264360A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
mirror
autocollimation
periodically
heat radiation
radiation sensor
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP87890225A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0264360A3 (en
EP0264360B1 (fr
Inventor
Jens Dipl.-Ing. Dührkoop
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Voestalpine Railway Systems GmbH
Original Assignee
Voestalpine AG
Voestalpine VAE GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Voestalpine AG, Voestalpine VAE GmbH filed Critical Voestalpine AG
Publication of EP0264360A2 publication Critical patent/EP0264360A2/fr
Publication of EP0264360A3 publication Critical patent/EP0264360A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0264360B1 publication Critical patent/EP0264360B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61K—AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR RAILWAYS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B61K9/00—Railway vehicle profile gauges; Detecting or indicating overheating of components; Apparatus on locomotives or cars to indicate bad track sections; General design of track recording vehicles
    • B61K9/12—Measuring or surveying wheel-rims
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61K—AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR RAILWAYS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B61K9/00—Railway vehicle profile gauges; Detecting or indicating overheating of components; Apparatus on locomotives or cars to indicate bad track sections; General design of track recording vehicles
    • B61K9/04—Detectors for indicating the overheating of axle bearings and the like, e.g. associated with the brake system for applying the brakes in case of a fault

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for detecting the spatial orientation of inadmissibly heated points of wheel bearings and / or wheel treads of rail vehicles, wherein in a beam path from the measuring point to a heat radiation sensor a periodically changing deflection device, in particular a mirror or a rotating reflecting mirror Polygon.
  • a number of devices for detecting or locating the hot running of wheel bearings, which have been arranged in the track area, are already known. Such a device can be found, for example, in DE-OS 29 07 945. Cooled detectors are used as heat radiation sensors in such devices.
  • thermal detectors e.g. bolometers
  • HgCd HgTe, InSb, PbSe or combinations of such semiconductors.
  • Such semiconductor detectors respond to changes by thermal excitation of free charge carriers and are able to resolve radiation of high pulse trains, but are for the continuous detection of a certain temperature level without additional devices, such as modulators or deflection devices, which interrupt the incident beam cyclically, or to other temperature levels direct, not suitable.
  • Devices of this type are usually arranged in the track area and the measuring beam reaches the generally cooled detector either vertically or in a direction deviating from the vertical through a window of the device and corresponding deflection devices.
  • DE-OS 23 43 904 shows an embodiment of a device mentioned at the outset, in which a reference source was accommodated in a pivotable cover, which could be swiveled into the beam path after all the wheels had passed and in this way provided an additional reference signal Detector provided.
  • the standard radiator was in the waiting position of the system in the beam path, whereas the signals from the standard radiator could not be taken into account during the measuring time, since the cover, which carried the standard radiator, had to be pivoted aside for the measurement.
  • the known devices only ever detected a certain measuring point and a temperature profile over a preferred direction of the measuring section could not be measured in any way.
  • the invention now aims, in addition to the information about the impermissible heating of measuring points of wheel bearings and / or wheel treads, to make a statement about the local position of the temperature maximum and to provide a particularly simple device with which the processing of device-internal temperature reference signals is made possible.
  • the invention essentially consists of an initially mentioned device in that an autocollimation mirror element is provided, the mirror surface of which faces the beam path coming from the heat radiation sensor and, in at least one periodically recurring position of the periodically changing deflection device, the rays arriving from the heat radiation sensor essentially throws back in itself.
  • an autocollimation mirror element is provided periodically in the beam path coming from the heat radiation sensor and a self-image of the heat radiation sensor results, a clearly different reference signal is periodically reflected on the heat radiation sensor, which represents the temperature of the cooled detector, whereby on the one hand an automatic calibration as well as a Reduction of the background noise and thus a more precise signal evaluation are made possible.
  • the deflection device in particular a mirror, which changes periodically in its inclination, the cone of vision can be moved over the measuring point and in this way scan the measuring point along a preferred direction and take into account a plurality of consecutive measured values in real-time measurements. In this way, a temperature profile corrected with the aid of the periodically measured reference signal can be created directly and, with such a device, the errors which are possible due to the sinusoidal running of the wheels when measuring wheel bearings are eliminated.
  • the periodically variable deflection device can be designed as an oscillating mirror and can be pivoted about an axis parallel to and / or lying in the mirror plane.
  • Such an oscillating mirror can be excited to achieve a scanning speed adapted to the vehicle speed with frequencies of a few kHz, in order in this way to give a scanning frequency which, in the relatively short time available for measuring a bearing, actually has a bearing on several Can capture jobs.
  • the subsequent evaluation electronics or amplifier circuit only has to make the requirement that the electronic bandwidth is designed in such a way that the rise time of the amplifier is sufficient to evaluate the full amplitude even with only one oscillation train. Relatively broadband amplifiers are therefore to be used.
  • the design can alternatively be such that the mirror of the periodically variable deflection device is formed by inclined surfaces of a rotating disk, the inclination of which is periodically different in the circumferential direction of the disk to the plane of rotation and that the autocollimation mirror element is arranged on the circumference of the disk.
  • the mirror of the periodically variable deflection device is formed by inclined surfaces of a rotating disk, the inclination of which is periodically different in the circumferential direction of the disk to the plane of rotation and that the autocollimation mirror element is arranged on the circumference of the disk.
  • the arrangement according to the invention is made in such an oscillating mirror or in such a rotating mirror with an inclination that changes in the circumferential direction in such a way that fixed autocollimation mirror surfaces facing the heat radiation sensor are arranged at the reversal points of the movement of the rays reflected by the mirror.
  • Such autocollimation mirror surfaces arranged at the reversal points of the movement of the scanning beam reflect the temperature of the cooled detector back to the detector in a structurally particularly simple manner, so that in this way a reference signal which is clearly different from the measured value can be achieved, which in particular also reduces the background noise can be used advantageously.
  • the design can be such that the fixed autocollimation mirror surfaces are arranged at a distance from the imaging optics which corresponds to the refractive power of the imaging optics, thereby ensuring that a precise reference value for the temperature at which the detector is located is generated .
  • Such an autocollimation can be designed in a particularly simple manner for the purpose of calibrating the device in such a way that the fixed autocollimation mirror surface (s) are located on the edges of a field lens arranged in the image plane and are curved with a corresponding radius for autocollimation.
  • afocal systems can be interposed, which result in a parallel beam path with a reduced beam cross-section in the area of the mirror surfaces.
  • FIG. 1 shows a first schematically illustrated Arrangement of the beam path with an oscillating mirror and autocollimation through mirrored surfaces of a field lens
  • FIG. 2 a modified design with planar autocollimation mirrors
  • FIG. 3 a rotating mirror as a replacement for the oscillating mirror according to FIGS. 2 and 3 in axial section
  • FIG. 4 a view on a rotating mirror according to Fig.3 in the axial direction and the Fig.5, 6 and 7 sections along the lines VV, VI-VI and VII-VII of Fig.4.
  • the measuring beam 1 passes through a focusing optical element 2 onto a deflecting mirror 3 and subsequently arrives at an oscillating mirror 5 with the interposition of an image field lens 4, which oscillates the image scanned on the image field line 4 via infrared optics 6 to a detector or heat radiation sensor 7 supplies.
  • the oscillating mirror 5 oscillates in the direction of the double arrow 8 and can be excited piezoelectrically via oscillating crystals or electromagnetically in order to exert this oscillation.
  • the field lens 4 has a radius of curvature on its side facing the mirror, which corresponds to the refractive power of the converging lens (s) of the infrared optics 6. Due to the pivoting movement of the mirror 5, a viewing area corresponding to the double arrow 9 is now partly detected and, on the other hand, the image of the detector 7 designed by the converging lens of the infrared optics 6 reaches the mirrored areas 10 provided in the marginal area of the converging lens with a correspondingly wide deflection the image of the detector 7 is reflected and a reference signal for the temperature of the detector element 7, which can be thermoelectrically cooled in a simple manner, is thus made available in these edge regions.
  • the autocollimation is achieved by the reflectively vaporized areas of the field lens 4, which are designated by 10.
  • the lens can also be arranged slightly outside the photo. In the present case, however, only a slight additional modulation can occur due to the deflected beam even with inhomogeneities, which is insignificant for the reference formation.
  • an afocal system consisting of a diverging lens 11 and a converging lens 12 is provided between the optics 2 on the input side and the infrared optics 6 in front of the detector 7, the refractive powers of which cancel each other out, so that the focal point is shifted from the objective .
  • This shift enables the optical arrangement to be drawn out in length and creates the space required for the attachment of an oscillating mirror 5.
  • the deflection mirror is again designated 3. Since in the area between the diverging lens 11 and the converging lens 12 the beam path runs parallel with a reduced bundle cross section, an autocollimation mirror with a flat surface can be arranged outside the diverging lens 11. This autocollimation mirror with a flat surface is designated by 13.
  • the widening of the field of view in the sense of the double arrow 9 is in turn realized by the oscillating movement of the mirror 5 in the sense of the double arrow 8.
  • a rotating disk corresponding to FIG. 3, can be used, which has mirror surfaces 14 inclined on its outer circumference.
  • the rotating disk is denoted by 15 and can be set in rotation in the direction of arrow 16 about the axis of rotation denoted by 17.
  • a light barrier 23 is provided, which can provide synchronization signals to the subsequent evaluation electronics.
  • the mirror surface indicated by 19 in FIG. 3 runs in the plane of rotation 22 of the disc 15, as shown in detail in FIG. 5, and serves as the autocollimation mirror surface of the disc 15, which periodically rotates when the disc 15 comes from the heat radiation sensor 7 Beam path occurs and a periodic self-imaging of the detector 7 results in the generation of a periodic reference signal.
  • FIGS. 4 to 7 The design of the outer circumference of the rotating disk is shown in detail in FIGS. 4 to 7.
  • successive mirror surfaces 20 and 21 are arranged in the circumferential direction 18 according to FIG. 4 with different inclinations to the plane of rotation of the disk.
  • the change in inclination is carried out incrementally, but it is readily possible to implement a continuous change in inclination, which, however, should have at least one point of discontinuity over the circumference.
  • the different inclinations of the individual mirror surfaces 20 and 21 can be seen in FIGS. 6 and 7 and are illustrated by the angles ⁇ and ⁇ to the plane of rotation 22.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Length Measuring Devices By Optical Means (AREA)
  • Analysing Materials By The Use Of Radiation (AREA)
  • Radiation Pyrometers (AREA)
  • Error Detection And Correction (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analyzing Materials Using Thermal Means (AREA)
  • Length Measuring Devices With Unspecified Measuring Means (AREA)
EP87890225A 1986-10-17 1987-10-12 Dispositif de détection de l'orientation spatiale des places inacceptablement échauffées Expired - Lifetime EP0264360B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT0277386A AT395571B (de) 1986-10-17 1986-10-17 Einrichtung zum erfassen der raeumlichen orientierung von unzulaessig erwaermten stellen von radlagern und/oder radlaufflaechen von schienenfahrzeugen
AT2773/86 1986-10-17

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0264360A2 true EP0264360A2 (fr) 1988-04-20
EP0264360A3 EP0264360A3 (en) 1990-08-08
EP0264360B1 EP0264360B1 (fr) 1996-01-03

Family

ID=3540068

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP87890225A Expired - Lifetime EP0264360B1 (fr) 1986-10-17 1987-10-12 Dispositif de détection de l'orientation spatiale des places inacceptablement échauffées

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US4853541A (fr)
EP (1) EP0264360B1 (fr)
AT (2) AT395571B (fr)
DE (1) DE3751663D1 (fr)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0412314A2 (fr) * 1989-08-05 1991-02-13 Firma Carl Zeiss Système d'imagerie infrarouge avec un appareil pour compenser l'influence de la température sur la focalisation.
EP0604389A1 (fr) * 1992-12-21 1994-06-29 VAE Aktiengesellschaft Dispositif de détection des parties ou zones inacceptablement échauffées sur des objets en mouvement
DE102008033856B3 (de) * 2008-07-19 2009-07-09 Sst Signal & System Technik Gmbh Einrichtung zum berührungslosen Messen der Temperatur erwärmter Bauteile an fahrenden Schienenfahrzeugen
DE102009029891A1 (de) 2009-06-23 2010-12-30 Sst Signal & System Technik Gmbh Steuerungseinrichtung und Verfahren zur Steuerung einer in Gleisanlagen ortsfest installierbaren Überwachungsanlage

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AT398413B (de) * 1990-05-18 1994-12-27 Voest Alpine Eisenbahnsysteme Verfahren zum messen von achs- bzw. lagertemperaturen zur ortung von heissläufern
EP0851221A1 (fr) * 1996-12-23 1998-07-01 European Atomic Energy Community (Euratom) Tête de mesure pour la détermination par flash de radiation de la diffusivité thermique d'échantillons hétérogènes
AT408092B (de) 1999-10-19 2001-08-27 Vae Ag Einrichtung zum messen von achs- bzw. lagertemperaturen zur ortung von heissläufern oder überhitzten bremsen im rollenden bahnverkehr
US7290070B2 (en) * 2003-05-12 2007-10-30 International Business Machines Corporation Multiple logical input/output subsystem facility
US7277968B2 (en) * 2004-01-23 2007-10-02 International Business Machines Corporation Managing sets of input/output communications subadapters of an input/output subsystem

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3454758A (en) * 1968-04-11 1969-07-08 Servo Corp Of America Hotbox detector
US3617745A (en) * 1970-05-19 1971-11-02 Us Army Photometer radiometer irradiance reference source
DE2204498A1 (de) * 1972-02-01 1973-08-09 Witec Wissenschaftlich Tech Be Optisches system mit bildfeldabtastung
DE2350801A1 (de) * 1972-10-25 1974-05-09 Barr & Stroud Ltd Optische abtastvorrichtung
GB1582625A (en) * 1975-12-30 1981-01-14 Barr & Stroud Ltd Radiation scanning system
EP0217692A1 (fr) * 1985-08-20 1987-04-08 Thomson-Csf Dispositif d'autoalignement pour système optique d'observation d'images infrarouges

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3303340A (en) * 1963-10-25 1967-02-07 Gen Electric Optical arrangement in hot box detection apparatus
GB1193474A (en) * 1967-06-15 1970-06-03 Hawker Siddeley Dynamics Ltd Improvements in or relating to the Detection of Overheated Axle Boxes
US4057734A (en) * 1975-08-28 1977-11-08 Barringer Research Limited Spectroscopic apparatus with balanced dual detectors
US4236076A (en) * 1979-02-26 1980-11-25 Technicon Instruments Corporation Infrared analyzer
US4518218A (en) * 1983-09-26 1985-05-21 Magnavox Government And Industrial Electronics Co. Stepped polygon scan mirror
FR2574931A1 (fr) * 1984-12-17 1986-06-20 Hgh Ingenierie Systemes Infrar Dispositif de mesure de temperature sans contact a balayage rapide

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3454758A (en) * 1968-04-11 1969-07-08 Servo Corp Of America Hotbox detector
US3617745A (en) * 1970-05-19 1971-11-02 Us Army Photometer radiometer irradiance reference source
DE2204498A1 (de) * 1972-02-01 1973-08-09 Witec Wissenschaftlich Tech Be Optisches system mit bildfeldabtastung
DE2350801A1 (de) * 1972-10-25 1974-05-09 Barr & Stroud Ltd Optische abtastvorrichtung
GB1582625A (en) * 1975-12-30 1981-01-14 Barr & Stroud Ltd Radiation scanning system
EP0217692A1 (fr) * 1985-08-20 1987-04-08 Thomson-Csf Dispositif d'autoalignement pour système optique d'observation d'images infrarouges

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0412314A2 (fr) * 1989-08-05 1991-02-13 Firma Carl Zeiss Système d'imagerie infrarouge avec un appareil pour compenser l'influence de la température sur la focalisation.
EP0412314A3 (en) * 1989-08-05 1991-05-08 Firma Carl Zeiss Process and device for eliminating the temperature effect on the focussing of infrared optical imaging systems
US5144356A (en) * 1989-08-05 1992-09-01 Carl-Zeiss-Stiftung Temperature compensated infrared optical imaging system
EP0604389A1 (fr) * 1992-12-21 1994-06-29 VAE Aktiengesellschaft Dispositif de détection des parties ou zones inacceptablement échauffées sur des objets en mouvement
DE102008033856B3 (de) * 2008-07-19 2009-07-09 Sst Signal & System Technik Gmbh Einrichtung zum berührungslosen Messen der Temperatur erwärmter Bauteile an fahrenden Schienenfahrzeugen
EP2146193A1 (fr) 2008-07-19 2010-01-20 SST Signal uns System Technik GmbH Dispositif de mesure sans contact de la température de composants chauffés sur des véhicules sur rails en fonctionnement
DE102009029891A1 (de) 2009-06-23 2010-12-30 Sst Signal & System Technik Gmbh Steuerungseinrichtung und Verfahren zur Steuerung einer in Gleisanlagen ortsfest installierbaren Überwachungsanlage

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE132634T1 (de) 1996-01-15
DE3751663D1 (de) 1996-02-15
ATA277386A (de) 1992-06-15
EP0264360A3 (en) 1990-08-08
AT395571B (de) 1993-01-25
EP0264360B1 (fr) 1996-01-03
US4853541A (en) 1989-08-01

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