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EP0263093A2 - Apparatus for heat-treating a continuously moving metal wire - Google Patents

Apparatus for heat-treating a continuously moving metal wire Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0263093A2
EP0263093A2 EP87890213A EP87890213A EP0263093A2 EP 0263093 A2 EP0263093 A2 EP 0263093A2 EP 87890213 A EP87890213 A EP 87890213A EP 87890213 A EP87890213 A EP 87890213A EP 0263093 A2 EP0263093 A2 EP 0263093A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
drum
wire
tensioning
axis
roller
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP87890213A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0263093B1 (en
EP0263093A3 (en
Inventor
Gerhard Dipl.-Ing. Dr. Ritter
Klaus Dipl.-Ing. Ritter
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
EVG Entwicklungs und Verwertungs GmbH
Original Assignee
EVG Entwicklungs und Verwertungs GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
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Publication of EP0263093A2 publication Critical patent/EP0263093A2/en
Publication of EP0263093A3 publication Critical patent/EP0263093A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0263093B1 publication Critical patent/EP0263093B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/52—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for wires; for strips ; for rods of unlimited length
    • C21D9/54—Furnaces for treating strips or wire
    • C21D9/56—Continuous furnaces for strip or wire

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for heat treatment, in particular annealing, of a continuously moving metal wire using a driven drum wrapped in wire with several turns in the heat treatment area.
  • Devices of this type allow a relatively long residence time of the wire in the heat treatment zone with a space-saving design.
  • a device of this type known from DE-B-595.364 designed as an annealing furnace, the drum is designed conically in such a way that the drum diameter is reached from the feed point of the wire so that the windings enclose the drum with play at the end, so here There is always a larger free wire length available for processing in an intermittent upsetting press for the production of screw bolts and similar objects.
  • a cause of an interruption in operation can be that the wire gets tangled when it is pulled off a reel.
  • the wire section remaining in the heat treatment zone is heated until it is practically annealed and thus becomes unusable, and there is additionally the risk that the wire, which may contract again in the event of cooling, will become so strong due to the resistance of the rigid drum Stretching is subjected to the fact that it tears. This danger of tearing also exists when a cooling treatment of the wire wound around a rigid drum is interrupted.
  • the invention is therefore first of all concerned with the object of eliminating the risk of the wire breaking in the event of an intentional or forced interruption of operation in a heat treatment device of the type specified in the introduction.
  • the drum wound by the continuously moving wire is assigned a tensioning roller or a group of tensioning rollers, the axial position of which can be changed from a predetermined rest position relative to the axial position of the drum, and that devices for changing the axial position of the tensioning roller or Each tensioning roller of the group is provided with a limited tensioning force in the sense of tensioning the windings of the wire wrapping around the drum and / or each tensioning roller in series.
  • the drum and the tensioning roller or the tensioning roller group form a system wrapped in the wire windings, the circumference of which is changed by changing the axial position of the tensioning roller or each tensioning roller the axial position of the drum can be changed, so that when a certain voltage in the wire is exceeded, a change in the relative axial positions enables the wire to be relieved and thus prevents the wire from tearing.
  • the axis of the tensioning roller or each tensioning roller of a tensioning roller group can be guided in parallel with respect to the axis of the drum.
  • the extent of the system formed by the drum and the tensioning roller or the group of tensioning rollers along the system axis automatically changes in accordance with the stretching or shrinking of the wire during annealing or Cooling can change, which effectively mimics a conical drum of variable conicity and the wire windings on the drum and on or on each tensioning roller fit well, without the risk of the wire tearing when the business is interrupted.
  • the displaceability of the axis of the or each tension roller can also be combined with the pivotability thereof with respect to the drum axis.
  • the drum and the tensioning roller or the group of tensioning rollers can be located in an oven housing which may be filled with protective gas.
  • the furnace housing should have a hood that opens automatically when the device is interrupted, in which the heating device of the furnace is preferably arranged, whereby in the event of an interruption in operation not only prevents the wire from tearing, but also prevents the wire section remaining in the furnace from annealing by allowing it to cool down.
  • the annealing furnace generally designated 1 in FIGS. 1 to 3 has a housing which consists of a base plate 2 and a hood 3 which can be placed thereon by means of handles 4, on the vertical side walls 5 of which the heating devices of the furnace are advantageously mounted.
  • a drum 6 is arranged in the interior of the annealing furnace 1 and is connected in a rotationally fixed manner to a shaft 7 passing through the base plate 2.
  • the shaft 7 carries a drive element, for example a Pulley 8.
  • a tensioning roller 10 is provided, which is rotatably mounted with stub axles 11 at the free ends of two one-armed levers 12, 13.
  • the other ends of the one-armed lever 12, 13 are attached to a shaft 14.
  • the shaft 14 also passes through the base plate 1 of the annealing furnace and carries at its outer end a one-armed lever 15, at the free end of which the piston rod 16 engages a cylinder-piston arrangement 17.
  • the drum 6 and the tension roller 10 with several turns wrapping wire 18 can be loaded with any tensile force that is selected so that the heat resistance of the wire 18 is not exceeded and it Wire in the event of a sudden cooling is possible to contract without tearing.
  • the oven hood 3 preferably together with the heating device for the oven, should be automatically lifted when the business is interrupted, so that the possibility of rapid cooling of the wire windings is created, which can be used because the associated risk of tearing has been eliminated in accordance with the invention is.
  • a wall part 26 is provided on the base plate 2 according to FIG. 3, in which there is an inlet guide 27 for the wire, and a corresponding recess is provided in the hood 3, in which the wall part 26 can engage.
  • the outgoing part of the wire lies just above the upper edge of the base plate 2 and can therefore be passed through a simple U-shaped slot in the hood.
  • the stub axles 11 of the tensioning roller are pivotably mounted by means of ball joints 33, etc. one end of the roll (the wire inlet side during annealing or the wire outlet side during cooling) in a stationary bearing pan which is supported by a bracket 28 which is fixedly connected to the base plate 2, and the other end in an adjustable bearing pan which is armed at one end of one Lever 13 is located, the other end is rotatably connected to a shaft 14 passing through the base plate 2.
  • a one-armed lever 15 ⁇ which has an elongated hole at its free end engages in which a driver connected to the piston rod 16 of a cylinder-piston arrangement 17 engages.
  • the axes of the drum and the tensioning roller are parallel to one another at the start of operation, that is to say in the cold state of the wire 18 wrapping around the drum 6 and the tensioning roller 10.
  • the wire heats up it expands so that there is a continuous lengthening of the wire windings from the inlet end to the outlet end of the drum.
  • the piston-cylinder arrangement 17 such an inclination of the axis of the tension roller 10 is then forced that the circumferential length of the system drum tension roller increases in the axial direction from the inlet point of the wire to the outlet point thereof and the Wire 18 lies substantially evenly on the drum and on the tensioning roller.
  • Fig. 6 shows an arrangement of the tension roller 10, in which it can both move and pivot.
  • two coaxial shafts 29, 30 are provided.
  • a one-armed lever 31 is connected to one end of the inner shaft 29 and a one-armed lever 32 is rotatably connected to one end of the outer shaft 30.
  • Each of the one-armed levers 31, 32 carries at its free end a bearing socket in which one of the stub axles 11 of the tensioning roller 10 engages with a ball joint 33.
  • the coaxial shafts 29, 30 are each spring-loaded by means of a piston-cylinder arrangement analogous to the arrangement 17 in FIG. 1, independently of one another in the sense of tensioning the wire wrapping around the drum 6 and the tensioning roller 10 .
  • the tensioning roller 10 By rotating the two shafts 29 and 30 in the same direction, the tensioning roller 10 is displaced in parallel, and by rotating the outer shaft 30 alone, the tensioning roller 10 is pivoted about the end lying at the top in FIG. 6. By counter-rotation of the two shafts 29 and 30 equal angular amounts, the tensioning roller is pivoted about its axis center. By rotating the two shafts 29 and 30 by unequal angular amounts, the tensioning roller 10 can finally be moved and pivoted in parallel.
  • FIG. 7 A further embodiment of the invention is shown in a schematic top view (with the furnace hood raised) in FIG. 7. 7, a group of six tensioning rollers 10 ⁇ is arranged in a star shape around a drum 6. These tensioning rollers 10 ⁇ can be displaceably and / or pivotably mounted, as has been described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 3 (displaceable mounting), FIGS. 4 and 5 (pivoting mounting) and from FIG. 6 (displaceable and pivoting mounting) . In Fig. 6, for the sake of simplicity, the same reference is for the tensioning roller arrangement Signs as in Figs. 1 to 3 have been used.
  • the wire can be guided alternately over the drum 6 and one of the tensioning rollers 10 ⁇ in a largely arbitrary manner.
  • the tensioning rollers 10 ⁇ can have essentially the same length of freedom with regard to the wire guidance over the drum tensioning roller system.
  • the tensioning rollers can also have only a fraction of the length of the drum, in the example shown about a sixth of this length, each tensioning roller being arranged opposite a specific length section of the drum axis and the wire with several turns over the drum and the first tensioning roller, then over the drum and the second tension roller, etc. is guided.
  • the surfaces thereof can have helical grooves 25, as shown in FIG. 8.
  • the device according to the invention is suitable for the heat treatment of wires of largely any cross-sectional shape and in particular also of wires of different metal compositions and correspondingly different required treatment temperatures, especially since the tensioning rollers Adjust automatically depending on the temperature-dependent change in length of the wire.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Strip Materials And Filament Materials (AREA)

Abstract

The device for heat-treating the wire (18), which is looped with several windings around a drum (6) in the heat treatment zone, has at least one tensioning roller (10) which is associated with the drum (6) and is looped by each wire winding in series with the drum and whose axis is displaceable in parallel and/or pivotable with respect to the axis of the drum (6) against the action of a limited tensioning force applied by a tension device (14, 15, 16, 17), whereby breaking of the wire in the case of an operational interruption and stopping of the drum are avoided and, in the case of the tensioning roller axis being pivotable, tight contact of the windings on the drum and on the tensioning roller is additionally ensured (Figure 1). <IMAGE>

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung zum Wärmebehandeln, insbesondere Glühen, eines kontinuierlich fortbewegten Metalldrahtes unter Verwendung einer vom Draht mit mehreren Windungen umschlungenen angetriebenen Trommel im Wärmebe­handlungsbereich.The invention relates to a device for heat treatment, in particular annealing, of a continuously moving metal wire using a driven drum wrapped in wire with several turns in the heat treatment area.

Vorrichtungen dieser Gattung ermöglichen bei platzsparender Bauweise eine relative lange Verweilzeit des Drahtes in der Wärmebehandlungszone. Bei einer aus der DE-B-595.364 bekannten, als Glühofen ausgebildeten Vorrichtung dieser Gattung ist die Trommel derart konisch gestaltet, daß der Trommeldurchmesser von der Zulaufstelle des Drahtes zu dessen erreicht werden, daß die Windungen die Trommel am Ablaufende mit Spiel umschließen, damit hier stets eine größere freie Drahtlänge für die Verarbeitung in einer intermittierend arbeitenden Stauchpresse für die Her­stellung von Schraubenbolzen und ähnlichen Gegenständen zur Verfügung steht.Devices of this type allow a relatively long residence time of the wire in the heat treatment zone with a space-saving design. In a device of this type known from DE-B-595.364, designed as an annealing furnace, the drum is designed conically in such a way that the drum diameter is reached from the feed point of the wire so that the windings enclose the drum with play at the end, so here There is always a larger free wire length available for processing in an intermittent upsetting press for the production of screw bolts and similar objects.

Bei kontinuierlichem Abzug des Drahtes vom Ablaufende der Trommel ist ein solches Spiel zwischen Draht und Trommel unerwünscht, vielmehr soll der Draht zur Vermeidung einer willkürlichen Verlagerung der Windungen und zur Sicherung einer verteilen Haftreibung für den Drahtvorschub. Da im Falle einer Glühbehandlung sich der Draht vom Zulaufende zum Ablaufende der Trommel hin durch Wärmedehnung verlängert und im Falle einer Kühlbehandlung infolge der Schrumpfung des Drahtes umgekehrte Verhältnisse vorliegen, müßte bei Verwendung einer konischen Trommel der Trommeldurchmesser von der Zulaufstelle des Drahtes zu dessen Ablaufstelle im ersten Fall allmählich zunehmen und im zweiten Fall allmählich abnehmen, u.zw. in einem der Längsänderung des Drahtes entsprechenden Ausmaß.With continuous removal of the wire from the end of the drum, such a play between the wire and the drum is undesirable, rather the wire is intended to avoid an arbitrary shifting of the turns and to ensure a distributed static friction for the wire feed. Since in the case of an annealing treatment the wire extends from the inlet end to the outlet end of the drum due to thermal expansion and in the case of a cooling treatment due to the shrinkage of the wire, the situation is reversed, if a conical drum is used, the drum diameter should be from the inlet point of the wire to its outlet point in the first Increase the case gradually and gradually decrease in the second case, etc. to an extent corresponding to the longitudinal change in the wire.

Wenn der Draht über die gesamte Länge der Trommel an deren Umfang anliegt, ergibt sich allerdings ein Problem bei Betriebsunterbrechungen, unabhängig von deren Ursache. Eine Ursache einer Betriebsunterbrechung kann darin bestehen, daß sich der Draht bei Abzug von einer Haspel verheddert. Im Falle einer Unterbrechung beim Drahtglühen wird der in der Wärmebehandlungszone verbleibende Drahtabschnitt so lange erhitzt, daß er praktisch ausgeglüht und damit unbrauchbar wird, wobei zusätzlich die Gefahr besteht, daß der sich bei einer allfälligen Abkühlung wieder zusammen­ziehende Draht zufolge des Widerstandes der starren Trommel so starken Dehnbeanspruchungen unterworfen wird, daß er reißt. Diese Reißgefahr besteht auch bei Unterbrechung einer Kühlbehandlung des um eine starre Trommel geschlunge­nen Drahtes.However, if the wire lies against the circumference of the entire length of the drum, there is a problem in the event of stoppages regardless of the cause. A cause of an interruption in operation can be that the wire gets tangled when it is pulled off a reel. In the event of an interruption in wire annealing, the wire section remaining in the heat treatment zone is heated until it is practically annealed and thus becomes unusable, and there is additionally the risk that the wire, which may contract again in the event of cooling, will become so strong due to the resistance of the rigid drum Stretching is subjected to the fact that it tears. This danger of tearing also exists when a cooling treatment of the wire wound around a rigid drum is interrupted.

Die Erfindung befaßt sich deshalb zunächst mit der Aufgabe, bei einer Wärmebehandlungsvorrichtung der einleitend ange­gebenen Gattung die Gefahr eines Reißens des Drahtes im Falle einer gewollten oder durch eine Störung erzwungenen Betriebsunterbrechung zu beheben.The invention is therefore first of all concerned with the object of eliminating the risk of the wire breaking in the event of an intentional or forced interruption of operation in a heat treatment device of the type specified in the introduction.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß dadurch gelöst, daß der vom kontinuierlich bewegten Draht umschlungenen Trommel eine Spannwalze oder eine Gruppe von Spannwalzen zugeordnet ist, deren Achslage aus einer vorgegebenen Ruhelage heraus gegenüber der Achslage der Trommel veränderbar ist, und daß Einrichtungen zum Ändern der Achslage der Spannwalze bzw. jeder Spannwalze der Gruppe im Sinne des Spannens der die Trommel und die bzw. jede Spannwalze jeweils in Serie umschlingenden Windungen des Drahtes mit begrenzter Spann­kraft vorgesehen sind.This object is achieved in that the drum wound by the continuously moving wire is assigned a tensioning roller or a group of tensioning rollers, the axial position of which can be changed from a predetermined rest position relative to the axial position of the drum, and that devices for changing the axial position of the tensioning roller or Each tensioning roller of the group is provided with a limited tensioning force in the sense of tensioning the windings of the wire wrapping around the drum and / or each tensioning roller in series.

Auf diese Weise wird von der Trommel und der Spannwalze bzw. der Spannwalzengruppe ein von den Drahtwindungen umschlungenes System gebildet, dessen Umfang durch Änderung der Achslage der Spannwalze bzw. jeder Spannwalze bezüglich der Achslage der Trommel veränderbar ist, so daß bei Überschreiten einer betimmten Spannung im Draht durch Änderung der relativen Achslagen eine Entlastung des Drahtes ermöglicht und damit ein Reißen desselben verhin­dert wird.In this way, the drum and the tensioning roller or the tensioning roller group form a system wrapped in the wire windings, the circumference of which is changed by changing the axial position of the tensioning roller or each tensioning roller the axial position of the drum can be changed, so that when a certain voltage in the wire is exceeded, a change in the relative axial positions enables the wire to be relieved and thus prevents the wire from tearing.

Im einfachsten Fall kann die Achse der Spannwalze bzw. jeder Spannwalze einer Spannwalzengruppe bezüglich der Achse der Trommel parallel verschiebbar geführt sein. Besonders vorteilhaft ist es aber, die Achse der Spannwalze bzw. jeder Spannwalze einer Spannwalzengruppe an einem Ende schwenkbar zu largern, und zwar zum Glühen des Drahtes nahe ihrem drahtzulaufseitigen Ende und zum Kühlen des Drahtes nahe inhrem drahtablaufseitigen Ende. Auf diese Weise wird, wie später an Ausführungsbeispielen noch genauer erläutert wird, erreicht, daß sich der Umfang des von der Trommel und der Spannwalze bzw. der Gruppe von Spannwalzen gebildeten Systems längs der Systemachse selbsttätig entsprechend der Dehnung bzw. Schrumpfung des Drahtes beim Glühen bzw. Kühlen verändern kann, womit wirkungsmäßig eine konische Trommel veränderlicher Konizität nachgeahmt wird und die Drahtwindungen an der Trommel und an der bzw. an jeder Spannwalze gut anliegen, ohne daß die Gefahr eines Reißens des Drahtes bei Betriebsunterbrechung besteht. Wie später noch genauer erläutert wird, kann ferner die Verschiebbar­keit der Achse der bzw. jeder Spannwalze mit einer Verschwenkbarkeit derselben bezüglich der Trommelachse kombiniert werden.In the simplest case, the axis of the tensioning roller or each tensioning roller of a tensioning roller group can be guided in parallel with respect to the axis of the drum. However, it is particularly advantageous to pivotably enlarge the axis of the tensioning roller or each tensioning roller of a tensioning roller group at one end, namely for annealing the wire near its end on the wire feed side and for cooling the wire near its end on the wire exit side. In this way, as will be explained in more detail later with exemplary embodiments, the extent of the system formed by the drum and the tensioning roller or the group of tensioning rollers along the system axis automatically changes in accordance with the stretching or shrinking of the wire during annealing or Cooling can change, which effectively mimics a conical drum of variable conicity and the wire windings on the drum and on or on each tensioning roller fit well, without the risk of the wire tearing when the business is interrupted. As will be explained in more detail later, the displaceability of the axis of the or each tension roller can also be combined with the pivotability thereof with respect to the drum axis.

Die Trommel und die Spannwalze bzw. die Gruppe von Spannwalzen können sich in einem gegebenenfalls mit Schutzgas gefüllten Ofengehäuse befinden. Das Ofengehäuse soll dabei eine bei Betriebsunterbrechung der Vorrichtung automatisch öffnende Haube aufweisen, in welcher vorzugs­weise die Heizeinrichtung des Ofens angeordnet ist, wodurch erreicht wird, daß im Falle einer Betriebsunterbrechung nicht nur ein Reißen des Drahtes verhindert, sondern auch ein Ausglühen des im Ofen verbleibenden Drahtabschnittes durch Ermöglichung einer Abkühlung desselben vermieden wird.The drum and the tensioning roller or the group of tensioning rollers can be located in an oven housing which may be filled with protective gas. The furnace housing should have a hood that opens automatically when the device is interrupted, in which the heating device of the furnace is preferably arranged, whereby in the event of an interruption in operation not only prevents the wire from tearing, but also prevents the wire section remaining in the furnace from annealing by allowing it to cool down.

Weitere Merkmale und Vorteile der Erfindung gehen aus der nachfolgenden Beschreibung von Ausführungsbeispielen unter Bezugnahme auf die Zeichnungen hervor. In diesen zeigen:

  • Fig. 1 eine Draufsicht auf eine als Glühofen dienende Vorrichtung nach der Erfindung bei abgehobener Ofenhaube;
  • Fig. 2 eine Ansicht der abgehobenen Haube;
  • Fig. 3 eine Seitenansicht zu Fig. 1 in teilweisem Schnitt; die
  • Fig. 4 und 5 eine teilweise Draufsicht bzw. Seitenansicht entsprechend den Fig. 1 und 3 einer bevorzugten Ausfüh­rungsform der Erfindung mit schwenkbarer Spannwalze:
  • Fig. 6 eine sowohl parallel verschiebbare als auch schwenk­bare Spannwalze für eine erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung;
  • Fig. 7 eine erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung, bei welcher der Trommel eine Gruppe von Spannwalzen zugeordnet ist, und
  • Fig. 8 eine vorteilhafte Ausbildung der Trommel und/oder der Spannwalze.
Further features and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the following description of exemplary embodiments with reference to the drawings. In these show:
  • Figure 1 is a plan view of a device serving as an annealing furnace according to the invention with the furnace hood lifted.
  • Fig. 2 is a view of the hood removed;
  • 3 shows a side view of FIG. 1 in partial section; the
  • 4 and 5 a partial top view and side view corresponding to FIGS. 1 and 3 of a preferred embodiment of the invention with pivotable tensioning roller:
  • 6 shows a tensioning roller, which can be displaced in parallel as well as swiveling, for a device according to the invention;
  • 7 shows a device according to the invention, in which a group of tensioning rollers is assigned to the drum, and
  • Fig. 8 shows an advantageous embodiment of the drum and / or the tension roller.

Der in den Fig. 1 bis 3 allgemein mit 1 bezeichnete Glühofen hat ein Gehäuse, das aus einer Grundplatte 2 und einer auf diese mittels Henkeln 4 aufsetzbaren Haube 3 besteht, an deren vertikalen Seitenwänden 5 vorteilhaft die Heizeinrichtungen des Ofens montiert ist.The annealing furnace generally designated 1 in FIGS. 1 to 3 has a housing which consists of a base plate 2 and a hood 3 which can be placed thereon by means of handles 4, on the vertical side walls 5 of which the heating devices of the furnace are advantageously mounted.

Im Inneren des Glühofens 1 ist eine Trommel 6 angeordnet, die drehfest mit einer die Grundplatte 2 durchsetzenden Welle 7 verbunden ist. Die Welle 7 trägt an ihrem aus dem Glühofen 1 herausragenden Ende eine Antriebsorgan, z.B. eine Riemenscheibe 8.A drum 6 is arranged in the interior of the annealing furnace 1 and is connected in a rotationally fixed manner to a shaft 7 passing through the base plate 2. At its end protruding from the annealing furnace 1, the shaft 7 carries a drive element, for example a Pulley 8.

Im Abstand von der Trommel 6 ist eine Spannwalze 10 vorgesehen, die mit Achsstummeln 11 an den freien Enden zweier einarmiger Hebel 12, 13 drehbar gelagert ist. Die anderen Enden der einarmigen Hebel 12, 13 sind an einer Welle 14 befestigt. Die Welle 14 durchsetzt ebenfalls die Grundplatte 1 des Glühofens und trägt an ihrem äußeren Ende einen einarmigen Hebel 15, an dessen freiem Ende die Kolbenstange 16 einer Zylinder-Kolben-Anordnung 17 an­greift. Durch Beaufschlagen des Kolbens der Anordnung 17 mit Druckluft vorgegebenen Druckes kann der die Trommel 6 und die Spannwalze 10 mit mehreren Windungen umschlingende Draht 18 mit einer beliebigen Zugkraft belastet werden, die so gewählt wird, daß die Warmfestigkeit des Drahtes 18 nicht überschritten wird und es dem Draht im Falle einer plötzlichen Abkühlung möglich ist, sich zusammenzuziehen, ohne zu reißen.At a distance from the drum 6, a tensioning roller 10 is provided, which is rotatably mounted with stub axles 11 at the free ends of two one-armed levers 12, 13. The other ends of the one-armed lever 12, 13 are attached to a shaft 14. The shaft 14 also passes through the base plate 1 of the annealing furnace and carries at its outer end a one-armed lever 15, at the free end of which the piston rod 16 engages a cylinder-piston arrangement 17. By acting on the piston of the arrangement 17 with compressed air predetermined pressure, the drum 6 and the tension roller 10 with several turns wrapping wire 18 can be loaded with any tensile force that is selected so that the heat resistance of the wire 18 is not exceeded and it Wire in the event of a sudden cooling is possible to contract without tearing.

Im Falle einer Abschaltung der Vorrichtung oder eines Stillstandes derselben infolge einer Betriebsstörung be­stünde weiterhin die Gefahr, daß der im Glühofen befind­liche Drahtabschnitt ausgeglüht und unbrauchbar wird. Um auch das zu vermeiden, soll die Ofenhaube 3, vorzugsweise samt der Heizeinrichtung für den Ofen, bei einer Betriebs­unterbrechung automatisch abgehoben werden, so daß die Möglichkeit einer raschen Abkühlung der Drahtwindungen geschaffen wird, die nutzbar ist, weil die damit verbundene Reißgefahr erfindungsgemäß behoben worden ist.In the event of the device being switched off or at a standstill as a result of a malfunction, there would still be the danger that the wire section located in the annealing furnace would be burned out and rendered unusable. In order to avoid this as well, the oven hood 3, preferably together with the heating device for the oven, should be automatically lifted when the business is interrupted, so that the possibility of rapid cooling of the wire windings is created, which can be used because the associated risk of tearing has been eliminated in accordance with the invention is.

Um gegebenenfalls den Raum unter der Ofenhaube 3 in an sich bekannter Weise mit Schutzgas füllen zu können, können in der Grundplatte 2 entsprechende Bohrungen 19 vorgesehen sein. Der gesamte Glühofen 1 kann dann von einer Größeren, mit Schutzgas gefüllten Haube umgeben sein, damit sich der Abkühlvorgang nach Abheben der Ofenhaube 3 in einer ausreichenden Schutzgasatmosphäre vollzieht.In order to be able to fill the space under the furnace hood 3 with protective gas in a manner known per se, appropriate bores 19 can be provided in the base plate 2. The entire annealing furnace 1 can then be surrounded by a larger hood filled with protective gas, so that the cooling process takes place after the furnace hood 3 has been lifted off in a sufficient protective gas atmosphere.

Damit das Abheben der Haube 3 vom zulaufenden Draht 18 nicht behindert wird, ist an der Grundplatte 2 gemäß Fig. 3 ein Wandteil 26 vorgesehen, in welchem sich eine Zulauf­führung 27 für den Draht befindet, und in der Haube 3 ist eine entsprechende Ausnehmung vorgesehen, in welche der Wandteil 26 eingreifen kann. Der auslaufende Teil des Drahtes liegt knapp über der Oberkante der Grundplatte 2 und kann daher durch einen einfachen U-förmigen Schlitz der Haube geleitet werden.So that the lifting of the hood 3 from the incoming wire 18 is not hindered, a wall part 26 is provided on the base plate 2 according to FIG. 3, in which there is an inlet guide 27 for the wire, and a corresponding recess is provided in the hood 3, in which the wall part 26 can engage. The outgoing part of the wire lies just above the upper edge of the base plate 2 and can therefore be passed through a simple U-shaped slot in the hood.

Die Fig. 4 und 5 zeigen in Draufsicht bzw. Seitenansicht eine bevorzugte Art der Lagerung der Spannwalze 10. Die Achsstummeln 11 der Spannwalze sind mittels Kugelgelenken 33 schwenkbar gelagert, u.zw. das eine Walzenende (das drahtzulaufseitige beim Glühen bzw. das drahtablaufseitige beim Kühlen) in einer ortsfesten Lagerpfanne, die von einer mit der Grundplatte 2 fest verbundenen Konsole 28 getragen wird, und das andere Ende in einer verstellbaren Lager­pfanne, die sich an einem Ende eines einarmigen Hebels 13 befindet, dessen anderes Ende drehfest mit einer die Grundplatte 2 durchsetzenden Welle 14 verbunden ist. An dem aus dem Ofengehäuse herausragenden Ende der Welle 14 greift ein einarmiger Hebel 15ʹ, der an seinem freien Ende ein Langloch aufweist, in welches ein mit der Kolbenstange 16 einer Zylinder-Kolben-Anordnung 17 verbundener Mitnehmer eingreift.4 and 5 show a preferred type of mounting of the tensioning roller 10 in plan view and side view. The stub axles 11 of the tensioning roller are pivotably mounted by means of ball joints 33, etc. one end of the roll (the wire inlet side during annealing or the wire outlet side during cooling) in a stationary bearing pan which is supported by a bracket 28 which is fixedly connected to the base plate 2, and the other end in an adjustable bearing pan which is armed at one end of one Lever 13 is located, the other end is rotatably connected to a shaft 14 passing through the base plate 2. At the end of the shaft 14 protruding from the furnace housing, a one-armed lever 15ʹ which has an elongated hole at its free end engages in which a driver connected to the piston rod 16 of a cylinder-piston arrangement 17 engages.

Im Falle eines Glühofens sind zu Betriebsbeginn, also im kalten Zustand des die Trommel 6 und die Spannwalze 10 umschlingenden Drahtes 18, die Achsen der Trommel und die Spannwalze parallel zueinander. Mit zunehmender Erhitzung des Drahtes dehnt sich dieser, so daß eine kontinuierliche Verlängerung der Drahtwindungen vom Zulaufende zum Ablauf­ende der Trommel auftritt. Durch die Kolben-Zylinder-Anord­nung 17 wird dann eine solche Schrägstellung der Achse der Spannwalze 10 erzwungen, daß die Umfangslänge des Systems Trommel-Spannwalze in Achsrichtung von der Zulaufstelle des Drahtes zur Ablaufstelle desselben hin zunimmt und der Draht 18 im wesentlichen gleichmäßig an der Trommel und an der Spannwalze anliegt.In the case of an annealing furnace, the axes of the drum and the tensioning roller are parallel to one another at the start of operation, that is to say in the cold state of the wire 18 wrapping around the drum 6 and the tensioning roller 10. As the wire heats up, it expands so that there is a continuous lengthening of the wire windings from the inlet end to the outlet end of the drum. By the piston-cylinder arrangement 17 such an inclination of the axis of the tension roller 10 is then forced that the circumferential length of the system drum tension roller increases in the axial direction from the inlet point of the wire to the outlet point thereof and the Wire 18 lies substantially evenly on the drum and on the tensioning roller.

Fig. 6 zeigt eine Anordnung der Spannwalze 10, bei welcher sich diese sowohl verschieben als auch verschwenken kann. Hiebei sind an Stelle der Welle 14 zwei koaxiale Wellen 29, 30 vorgesehen. Mit einem Ende der Innenwelle 29 ist ein einarmiger Hebel 31 und mit einem Ende der Außenwelle 30 ist ein einarmiger Hebel 32 drehfest verbunden. Jeder der einarmigen Hebel 31, 32 trägt an seinem freien Ende eine Lagerpfanne, in welche einer der Achsstummel 11 der Spannwalze 10 mit einem Kugelgelenk 33 eingreift. An ihren unteren, aus dem Glühofen herausragenden Enden sind die koaxialen Wellen 29, 30 mittels je einer Kolben-Zylinder-­Anordnung analog der Anordnung 17 in Fig. 1, unabhängig voneinander im Sinne des Spannens des die Trommel 6 und die Spannwalze 10 umschlingenden Drahtes federbelastet.Fig. 6 shows an arrangement of the tension roller 10, in which it can both move and pivot. Instead of the shaft 14, two coaxial shafts 29, 30 are provided. A one-armed lever 31 is connected to one end of the inner shaft 29 and a one-armed lever 32 is rotatably connected to one end of the outer shaft 30. Each of the one-armed levers 31, 32 carries at its free end a bearing socket in which one of the stub axles 11 of the tensioning roller 10 engages with a ball joint 33. At their lower ends protruding from the annealing furnace, the coaxial shafts 29, 30 are each spring-loaded by means of a piston-cylinder arrangement analogous to the arrangement 17 in FIG. 1, independently of one another in the sense of tensioning the wire wrapping around the drum 6 and the tensioning roller 10 .

Durch gleichsinnige Drehung der beiden Wellen 29 und 30 wird die Spannwalze 10 parallel verschoben, und durch Drehung der Außenwelle 30 allein wird die Spannwalze 10 um das in Fig. 6 oben liegende Ende geschwenkt. Durch gegensinnige Drehung der beiden Wellen 29 und 30 gleiche Winkelbeträge wird die Spannwalze um ihren Achsmittelpunkt geschwenkt. Durch Drehung der beiden Wellen 29 und 30 um ungleiche Winkelbeträge kann schleißlich die Spannwalze 10 parallel verschoben und verschwenkt werden.By rotating the two shafts 29 and 30 in the same direction, the tensioning roller 10 is displaced in parallel, and by rotating the outer shaft 30 alone, the tensioning roller 10 is pivoted about the end lying at the top in FIG. 6. By counter-rotation of the two shafts 29 and 30 equal angular amounts, the tensioning roller is pivoted about its axis center. By rotating the two shafts 29 and 30 by unequal angular amounts, the tensioning roller 10 can finally be moved and pivoted in parallel.

Eine weitere Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist in schemati­scher Draufsicht (bei abgehobener Ofenhaube) in Fig. 7 dargestellt. Gemäß Fig. 7 ist um eine Trommel 6 eine Gruppe von sechs Spannwalzen 10ʹ sternförmig angeordnet. Diese Spannwalzen 10ʹ können verschiebbar und/oder verschwenkbar gelagert sein, wie dies anhand der Fig. 1 bis 3 (verschieb­bare Lagerung), der Fig. 4 und 5 (verschwenkbare Lagerung) und von Fig. 6 (verschiebbare und verschwenkbare Lagerung) beschrieben worden ist. In Fig. 6 sind der Einfachheit halber für die Spannwalzenanordnung die gleichen Bezugs­ zeichen wie in den Fig. 1 bis 3 verwendet worden.A further embodiment of the invention is shown in a schematic top view (with the furnace hood raised) in FIG. 7. 7, a group of six tensioning rollers 10ʹ is arranged in a star shape around a drum 6. These tensioning rollers 10ʹ can be displaceably and / or pivotably mounted, as has been described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 3 (displaceable mounting), FIGS. 4 and 5 (pivoting mounting) and from FIG. 6 (displaceable and pivoting mounting) . In Fig. 6, for the sake of simplicity, the same reference is for the tensioning roller arrangement Signs as in Figs. 1 to 3 have been used.

Der Draht kann in weitgehend beliebiger Weise absechselnd über die Trommel 6 und eine der Spannwalzen 10ʹ geführt werden. Die Spannwalzen 10ʹ können im wesentlichen gleiche Länge Freiheit bezüglich der Drahtführung über das Trommel-Spannwalzen-System ergibt. Die Spannwalzen können aber auch nur einen Bruchteil der Länge der Trommel haben, im dargestellten Beispiel etwa ein Sechstel dieser Länge, wobei jede Spannwalze einem betimmten Längenabschnitt der Trommelachse gegenüberliegend angeordnet wird und der Draht mit mehreren Windungen über die Trommel und die erste Spannwalze, dann über die Trommel und die zweite Spannwalze usw. geführt wird.The wire can be guided alternately over the drum 6 and one of the tensioning rollers 10ʹ in a largely arbitrary manner. The tensioning rollers 10ʹ can have essentially the same length of freedom with regard to the wire guidance over the drum tensioning roller system. However, the tensioning rollers can also have only a fraction of the length of the drum, in the example shown about a sixth of this length, each tensioning roller being arranged opposite a specific length section of the drum axis and the wire with several turns over the drum and the first tensioning roller, then over the drum and the second tension roller, etc. is guided.

Um eine einwandfreie Führung des Drahtes 18 um die Trommel 6 bzw. um die Spannwalze 10 zu sichern, können deren Oberflächen schraubenlinienförmig verlaufende Rillen 25 aufweisen, wie dies in Fig. 8 dargestellt ist.In order to ensure proper guidance of the wire 18 around the drum 6 or around the tensioning roller 10, the surfaces thereof can have helical grooves 25, as shown in FIG. 8.

Für spezielle Wärmebehandlungszwecke ist es möglich, zwei mit Schutzgas gefüllte Vorrichtungen nach der Erfindung vorzusehen, welche durch eine die beiden Vorrichtungen luftdicht verbindende Rohrleitung zu einer Einheit zu­sammengefaßt sind, wobei lediglich die erste Vorrichtung beheizt, die zweite hingegen zur Kühlung mit Schutzgas unter Raumtemperatur durchspült wird. Hiebei werden die Spannwalzen 10 zweckmäßig, wie anhand der Fig. 4 und 5 beschrieben, in der ersten Vorrichtung am drahtzulaufseiti­gen Ende und in der zweiten Vorrichtung am drahtablauf­seitigen Ende gelenkig gelagert.For special heat treatment purposes, it is possible to provide two devices filled with protective gas according to the invention, which are combined to form a unit by a pipeline connecting the two devices in an airtight manner, only the first device being heated and the second being flushed with protective gas at room temperature for cooling . The tensioning rollers 10 are expediently articulated, as described with reference to FIGS. 4 and 5, in the first device at the wire feed end and in the second device at the wire run end.

Die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung eignet sich zur Wärmebe­handlung von Drähten weitgehend beliebiger Querschnittsform und inbesondere auch von Drähten unterschiedlicher Metall­zusammensetzung und entsprechend verschiedener erforder­licher Behandlungstemperaturen, zumal sich die Spannwalzen Selbsttätig in Abhängigkeit von der temperaturabhängigen Längenänderung des Drahtes verstellen.The device according to the invention is suitable for the heat treatment of wires of largely any cross-sectional shape and in particular also of wires of different metal compositions and correspondingly different required treatment temperatures, especially since the tensioning rollers Adjust automatically depending on the temperature-dependent change in length of the wire.

Claims (12)

1.Vorrichtung zum Wärmebehandeln, insbesondere Glühen, eines kontinuierlich fortbewegten Metalldrahtes unter Verwendung einer vom Draht mit mehreren Windungen um­schlungenen angetriebenen Trommel im Wärmebehandlungs­bereich, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Trommel (6) eine Spannwalze (10) oder eine Gruppe von Spannwalzen (10ʹ) zugeordnet ist, deren Achslage aus einer vorgegebenen Ruhelage heraus gegenüber der Achslage der Trommel (6) veränderbar ist, und daß Einrichtungen (14, 15, 16, 17) zum Ändern der Achslage der Spannwalze bzw. jeder Spannwalze (10ʹ) der Gruppe im Sinne des Spannens der die Trommel (6) und die bzw. jede Spannwalze (10 bzw. 10ʹ) jeweils in Serie umschlingender Windungen des Drahtes (18) mit begrenzter Spannkraft vorgesehen sind.1.Device for heat treatment, in particular annealing, of a continuously moving metal wire using a drum wound around the wire with several turns in the heat treatment area, characterized in that the drum (6) is assigned a tension roller (10) or a group of tension rollers (10ʹ) is whose axial position can be changed from a predetermined rest position relative to the axial position of the drum (6), and that devices (14, 15, 16, 17) for changing the axial position of the tensioning roller or each tensioning roller (10ʹ) of the group in the sense of Tensioning the drum (6) and the or each tension roller (10 or 10ʹ), each in series wrapping turns of the wire (18) are provided with limited tensioning force. 2. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Achse der bzw. jeder Spannwalze (10 bzw. 10ʹ) bezüglich der Achse der Trommel (6) parallel verschiebbar geführt ist.2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the axis of the or each tensioning roller (10 or 10ʹ) is guided parallel to the axis of the drum (6). 3. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1 zum Glühen eines Drahtes, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Achse der bzw. jeder Spannwalze (10 bzw. 10ʹ) nahe ihrem drahtzulaufseitigen Ende schwenkbar gelagert ist.3. Apparatus according to claim 1 for annealing a wire, characterized in that the axis of the or each tension roller (10 or 10ʹ) is pivotally mounted near its wire inlet end. 4. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1 zum Kühlen eines heißen Drahtes, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Achse der bzw. jeder Spannwalze (10 bzw. 10ʹ) nahe inhrem drahtablauf­seitigen Ende schwenkbar gelagert ist.4. Apparatus according to claim 1 for cooling a hot wire, characterized in that the axis of the or each tension roller (10 or 10ʹ) is pivotally mounted near its end on the wire outlet side. 5. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Achse der bzw. jeder Spannwalze (10 bzw. 10ʹ) aus ihrer Ruhelage heraus begrenzt parallel verschiebbar geführt und zwischen ihren beiden Enden schwenkbar gelagert ist.5. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the axis of the or each tensioning roller (10 or 10ʹ) out of their rest position out limited parallel slidably and is pivotally mounted between its two ends. 6. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die der Trommel (6) zugeordneten Spannwalzen (10ʹ) einer Spannwalzengruppe in verschiedenen radialen Richtungen bezüglich der Achse der Trommel (6), vorzugsweise sternförmig um diese Achse, angeordnet sind.6. Device according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the tensioning rollers (10 Spann) assigned to the drum (6) of a tensioning roller group are arranged in different radial directions with respect to the axis of the drum (6), preferably in a star shape around this axis. 7. Vorrichtung nach einem Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die bzw. jede Spannwalze (10 bzw. 10ʹ) kleineren Durchmesser als die Trommel (6) hat.7. Device according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the or each tension roller (10 or 10ʹ) has a smaller diameter than the drum (6). 8. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Achslage der bzw. jeder Spannwalze (10 bzw. 10ʹ) nach Maßgabe der Längenänderung der Draht­windungen während der Wärmebehandlung durch Federkraft, insbesondere mittels einer pneumatischen Kolben-Zylinder-­Anordnung (17), veränderbar ist.8. Device according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the axial position of the or each tension roller (10 or 10ʹ) in accordance with the change in length of the wire windings during the heat treatment by spring force, in particular by means of a pneumatic piston-cylinder arrangement ( 17), is changeable. 9. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß längs des Umfangs der Trommel (6) und/oder der bzw. jeder Spannwalze (10 bzw. 10ʹ) schrauben­linienförmig verlaufende Führungsrillen (25) für den Draht vorgesehen sind.9. Device according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that along the circumference of the drum (6) and / or the or each tension roller (10 or 10ʹ) helically extending guide grooves (25) are provided for the wire. 10. Vorrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sich die Trommel (6) und die Spannwalze (10) bzw. die Gruppe von Spannwalzen (10ʹ) in einem gegebenenfalls mit Schutzgas gefüllten Ofengehäuse (1) befinden.10. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the drum (6) and the tensioning roller (10) or the group of tensioning rollers (10ʹ) are located in a furnace housing (1) which may be filled with protective gas. 11. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Ofengehäuse (1) eine bei Betriebsunterbrechung automatisch öffnende Haube (3) aufweist, in welcher vorzugsweise die Heizeinrichtung des Ofens angeordnet ist.11. The device according to claim 10, characterized in that the furnace housing (1) has an automatically opening upon interruption of the hood (3), in which the heating device of the furnace is preferably arranged. 12. Vorrichtung zum Glühen und nachfolgenden Kühlen eines kontinuierlich bewegten Drahtes, gekennzeichnet durch die Hintereinanderschaltung einer Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 3 und einer Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 4.12. Device for annealing and subsequent cooling of a continuously moving wire, characterized by the series connection of a device according to claim 3 and a device according to claim 4.
EP87890213A 1986-09-26 1987-09-14 Apparatus for heat-treating a continuously moving metal wire Expired - Lifetime EP0263093B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT2578/86 1986-09-26
AT0257886A AT389321B (en) 1986-09-26 1986-09-26 DEVICE FOR HEAT TREATING A CONTINUOUSLY PROGRESSIVE METAL WIRE

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EP0263093A2 true EP0263093A2 (en) 1988-04-06
EP0263093A3 EP0263093A3 (en) 1988-08-10
EP0263093B1 EP0263093B1 (en) 1991-01-09

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US (1) US4913650A (en)
EP (1) EP0263093B1 (en)
JP (1) JPS6389629A (en)
AT (1) AT389321B (en)
DE (1) DE3767264D1 (en)
ES (1) ES2001331B3 (en)
GR (2) GR880300106T1 (en)

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US20070095006A1 (en) * 2005-11-01 2007-05-03 Konersmann Ronald D Lightweight portable concrete enclosure and associated method of construction

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Also Published As

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AT389321B (en) 1989-11-27
ES2001331B3 (en) 1991-07-01
ATA257886A (en) 1989-04-15
US4913650A (en) 1990-04-03
GR880300106T1 (en) 1988-12-16
JPS6389629A (en) 1988-04-20
ES2001331A4 (en) 1988-05-16
DE3767264D1 (en) 1991-02-14
GR3001298T3 (en) 1992-08-26
EP0263093B1 (en) 1991-01-09
EP0263093A3 (en) 1988-08-10

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