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EP0247922A1 - Cooking vessel with a browning coating for a microwave oven, and manufacturing method of the coating - Google Patents

Cooking vessel with a browning coating for a microwave oven, and manufacturing method of the coating Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0247922A1
EP0247922A1 EP87401085A EP87401085A EP0247922A1 EP 0247922 A1 EP0247922 A1 EP 0247922A1 EP 87401085 A EP87401085 A EP 87401085A EP 87401085 A EP87401085 A EP 87401085A EP 0247922 A1 EP0247922 A1 EP 0247922A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
mixtures
oxides
metals
lead
enamel
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP87401085A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Philippe Durand
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Verrerie Cristallerie D'arques J G Durand and Cie
Original Assignee
Verrerie Cristallerie D'arques J G Durand and Cie
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from FR8607183A external-priority patent/FR2598903B1/en
Priority claimed from FR8704801A external-priority patent/FR2613205B2/en
Application filed by Verrerie Cristallerie D'arques J G Durand and Cie filed Critical Verrerie Cristallerie D'arques J G Durand and Cie
Publication of EP0247922A1 publication Critical patent/EP0247922A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B6/00—Heating by electric, magnetic or electromagnetic fields
    • H05B6/64—Heating using microwaves
    • H05B6/647—Aspects related to microwave heating combined with other heating techniques
    • H05B6/6491—Aspects related to microwave heating combined with other heating techniques combined with the use of susceptors
    • H05B6/6494—Aspects related to microwave heating combined with other heating techniques combined with the use of susceptors for cooking
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S99/00—Foods and beverages: apparatus
    • Y10S99/14—Induction heating

Definitions

  • the browning containers for microwave ovens currently available on the market include a conductive film of tin oxide as a browning coating. They have a fairly limited lifespan. Depending on the use, the heating time becomes longer and longer. This deterioration in heating characteristics is related to the low resistance to detergents of the electrically conductive tin film.
  • This tin oxide film is normally applied by a process comprising heating the support with a solution of a thermally decomposable tin compound. In addition, this tin oxide film is not flame resistant, which limits the use of this dish exclusively in the microwave.
  • the subject of the present invention is a culinary container (dish, pan etc.) provided with a browning coating for a microwave oven, as well as a method for producing the coating, eliminating the drawbacks indicated above.
  • the browning coating which makes it possible to brown the food in a microwave oven, is applied to the external surface of the container.
  • the electrically conductive metallic elements are no longer provided by a thermally decomposable compound, they are incorporated into an enamel which can be applied in different ways to an unheated substrate (which widens the possibility of choice as to the nature of the electro element -conductor and greatly facilitates the implementation of the process).
  • a protective enamel layer can be applied by superimposition on the electrically conductive enamel layer.
  • the present culinary container is therefore characterized in that its browning coating, which is external, essentially comprises a heating layer, of lead-free enamel in which are incorporated electrically conductive elements in the form of a metal powder composed of at least one substance chosen from electrically conductive metals and their mixtures, the oxides of these metals and their mixtures, and mixtures of these metals and their oxides, said powder being intimately mixed with enamel.
  • electrically conductive elements in the form of a metal powder composed of at least one substance chosen from electrically conductive metals and their mixtures, the oxides of these metals and their mixtures, and mixtures of these metals and their oxides, said powder being intimately mixed with enamel.
  • metals mention may be made of zinc, aluminum, copper, nickel, chromium, transition elements, in particular iridium, platinum, ruthenium, rhodium, palladium, silver, gold. , mixtures of these metals.
  • the oxides which can be used are, in particular, those of the abovementioned metals and their mixtures, and mixtures of metals and oxides can also be used.
  • Zinc, transition metals, corresponding oxides and mixtures of these substances are preferred; they provide particularly strong and durable coatings, resistant well to detergents and acids.
  • the proportion of metallic powder in said heating layer is generally from 15 to 40% by weight.
  • Said heating layer is advantageously covered with a protective layer of lead-free enamel.
  • the thickness of the layers is approximately 12 to 30 microns for the first and 10 to 20 microns for the second.
  • the lead-free enamel of the heating layer or the protective layer can be based on acrylic resins including various mineral substances such as oxides, anhydrides, salts.
  • the process according to the invention for producing a browning coating on a culinary container for a microwave oven is characterized in that a layer of lead-free enamel containing an intimate mixture is deposited on the external surface of the container.
  • a metallic powder composed at least one substance chosen from electrically conductive metals and their mixtures, the oxides of these metals and their mixtures, and mixtures of these metals and their oxides, the layer thus formed being subjected to baking at a temperature included between 620 and 800 ° C to provide a heating layer, in which the proportion of metal powder is generally 15 to 40% by weight. More particularly usable substances have been mentioned above.
  • a protective lead-free enamel protective layer is advantageously deposited, after which all of the two layers are subjected to said cooking, the thicknesses of which are those indicated above.
  • the lead-free enamel used for the two coats can be as defined above.
  • This enamel is said to be lead-free, because its lead content (toxic metal) is much lower than the maximum content accepted by the standards existing in the various countries for household or culinary utensils, the analysis being made on acetic acid at 4% by weight, in which the container has been soaked for 24 hours at room temperature.
  • each of the two layers can be carried out by screen printing, hot, in which case a lead-free enamel with a hot-melt medium melting at around 40-60 ° C. is used, enamel which is applied through a conductive screen-printed fabric heated to a temperature of around 60-80 * C.
  • each of the two layers can also be carried out by decalcomania, at room temperature, in which case a lead-free enamel with an oily medium is used.
  • the deposit can also be obtained by a transfer process: the enamel layer is deposited, hot or cold depending on the nature of the enamel, by means of a plate or a screen, on a plate or a membrane, then it is taken up with a silicone-based pad to be transferred to the external surface of the container to be coated.
  • the lead-free enamel, initially in the solid state, used for the heating layer comprises, at a rate of 25 to 30% by weight, a hot-melt or thermoplastic medium which is a mixture of acrylic resins and a plasticizer of these resins and, in an amount of 15 to 40% by weight, an electrically conductive metal powder, for example zinc powder or zinc oxides, or at least one transition metal or oxide of such a metal, or a mixture of these substances, the remainder consisting of various mineral substances (comprising the following constituents: SiO 2 , B 2 0 3 , Al 2 O 3 , ZnO, Li 2 O, ZrO 2 , BaO, F 2 , Sn0 2 , TiO 2 ).
  • the hot-melt medium melts at a temperature of 40 to 60 * C.
  • the heating layer is therefore deposited by screen printing, by heating the conductive screen fabric, on which the enamel is spread, at a temperature of 60 to 80 ° C. , by direct heating (by Joule effect) or indirect (for example by means of infrared rays).
  • a heat application time of 30 seconds is sufficient to form the coating on the outer surface of the container, placed under the screen fabric.
  • the protective layer is produced in the same way, with a lead-free enamel of the same composition, except that it does not contain any electrically conductive metallic powder; it is therefore richer in various mineral substances.
  • the coating comprising the two layers is baked in an annealing oven (of the annealing arch type), at a temperature between 620 and 800 ° C.
  • the total duration of the cooking cycle is 50 to 60 minutes.
  • the first layer has a thickness of approximately 15 to 25 microns and the second has a thickness of approximately 10 to 15 microns, the optimum thickness of the assembly of the two layers being 25 to 30 microns.
  • the lead-free enamels used for each of the two layers are initially oily.
  • Their oily medium which represents 15 to 20% of their weight, is a mixture of acrylic resins and terpene oils. Their other constituents are qualitatively identical to those of the two enamels described in Example 1.
  • the proportion of electrically conductive powder in the enamel used for the heating layer is, as in Example 1, from 15 to 40% by weight.
  • the heating layer is deposited, then the protective layer, by decal, at room temperature.
  • the thickness of the layers is approximately 20 microns for the first and approximately 10 microns for the second, the optimum thickness of the assembly of the two layers being 25 to 30 microns.
  • Example 1 The whole of the two layers is cooked as in Example 1.
  • an empty dish, 6 millimeters thick, coated by the method according to example 1 or 2 reaches a temperature of 300 ° C. after 5 minutes of exposure in a microwave oven, instead of 80 at 100 * C without the coating.
  • the electrically conductive metal contained in the coating allows the temperature of the dish to rise enough to brown the food, which will be placed in the dish. It is noted, on the other hand, that there is no electric arc, that there are therefore no excessive hot spots, which could destroy the coating; it is assumed that this stabilization of the temperature rise is due to the presence in the coating of metal oxides, whether they are initially introduced into the heating layer or whether they are formed from the metal or metals initially introduced work, during the final coating firing operation.
  • the life of the coating is practically unlimited.
  • the enamels which are the basis of its composition, provide resistance to fire and chemicals and the fact that the coating comprises two layers reinforces this resistance.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Cookers (AREA)

Abstract

Le revêtement brunisseur, qui est externe, comprend essentiellement une couche chauffante, en émail sans plomb dans lequel sont incorporés des éléments électro-conducteurs sous forme d'une poudre métallique, cette poudre étant intimement mélangée à l'émail, généralement en une proportion de 15 à 40% en poids; une couche de protection en émail sans plomb recouvre avantageusement la couche chauffante. Les couches sont disposées sur la surface externe du récipient par sérigraphie ou par décalcomanie ou par un procédé par report et elles sont soumises à une cuisson à une température comprise entre 620 et 800°C. La poudre métallique est composée d'au moins une substance choisie parmi des métaux électro-conducteurs comme le zinc et les éléments de transition, les oxydes de ces métaux, et les mélanges de ces substances.The burnishing coating, which is external, essentially comprises a heating layer, in lead-free enamel in which are incorporated electrically conductive elements in the form of a metallic powder, this powder being intimately mixed with the enamel, generally in a proportion of 15 to 40% by weight; a protective layer of lead-free enamel advantageously covers the heating layer. The layers are placed on the outer surface of the container by screen printing or by decalcomania or by a transfer process and they are subjected to firing at a temperature of between 620 and 800°C. The metal powder is composed of at least one substance chosen from electrically conductive metals such as zinc and the transition elements, the oxides of these metals, and mixtures of these substances.

Description

Les récipients brunisseurs pour four à micro-ondes actuellement disponibles sur le marché comportent comme revêtement brunisseur une pellicule conductrice d'oxyde d'étain. Ils ont une durée de vie assez limitée. En fonction de l'utilisation, le temps de chauffage est de plus en plus long. Cette détérioration des caractéristiques de chauffage est en rapport avec la faible résistance aux détergents de la pellicule d'étain électro-conductrice. Cette pellicule d'oxyde d'étain est normalement appliquée par un processus comprenant le chauffage du support avec une solution d'un composé d'étain thermiquement décomposable. De plus, cette pellicule d'oxyde d'étain n'est pas résistante à la flamme, ce qui limite l'usage de ce plat exclusivement au four à micro-ondes.The browning containers for microwave ovens currently available on the market include a conductive film of tin oxide as a browning coating. They have a fairly limited lifespan. Depending on the use, the heating time becomes longer and longer. This deterioration in heating characteristics is related to the low resistance to detergents of the electrically conductive tin film. This tin oxide film is normally applied by a process comprising heating the support with a solution of a thermally decomposable tin compound. In addition, this tin oxide film is not flame resistant, which limits the use of this dish exclusively in the microwave.

La présente invention a pour objets un récipient culinaire <plat, casserole etc.) pourvu d'un revêtement brunisseur pour four à micro-ondes, ainsi qu'un procédé de réalisation du revêtement, éliminant les inconvénients précédemment indiqués. De façon connue, le revêtement brunisseur, qui permet de faire dorer les aliments dans un four à micro-ondes, est appliqué sur la surface extérieure du récipient.The subject of the present invention is a culinary container (dish, pan etc.) provided with a browning coating for a microwave oven, as well as a method for producing the coating, eliminating the drawbacks indicated above. In a known manner, the browning coating, which makes it possible to brown the food in a microwave oven, is applied to the external surface of the container.

Les éléments métalliques électro-conducteurs ne sont plus apportés par un composé thermiquement décomposable, ils sont incorporés dans un émail pouvant être appliqué de différentes façons sur un substrat non chauffé (ce qui élargit la possibilité de choix quant à la nature de l'élément électro-conducteur et facilite énormément la mise en oeuvre du procédé).The electrically conductive metallic elements are no longer provided by a thermally decomposable compound, they are incorporated into an enamel which can be applied in different ways to an unheated substrate (which widens the possibility of choice as to the nature of the electro element -conductor and greatly facilitates the implementation of the process).

Pour améliorer la résistance chimique et notamment la résistance aux détergents, une couche d'émail protectrice peut être appliquée par superposition sur la couche d'émail électro-conductrice.To improve chemical resistance and in particular resistance to detergents, a protective enamel layer can be applied by superimposition on the electrically conductive enamel layer.

Le présent récipient culinaire est donc caractérisé en ce que son revêtement brunisseur, qui est externe, comprend essentiellement une couche chauffante, en émail sans plomb dans lequel sont incorporés des éléments électro-conducteurs sous forme d'une poudre métallique composée d'au moins une substance choisie parmi les métaux électro-conducteurs et leurs mélanges, les oxydes de ces métaux et leurs mélanges, et les mélanges de ces métaux et de leurs oxydes, ladite poudre étant intimement mélangée à l'émail. Comme métaux on peut citer le zinc, l'aluminium, le cuivre, le nickel, le chrome, les éléments de transition, notamment l'iridium, le platine, le ruthénium, le rhodium, le palladium, l'argent, l'or, les mélanges de ces métaux. Les oxydes utilisables sont, notamment, ceux des métaux précités et leurs mélanges et l'on peut également avoir recours à des mélanges de métaux et d'oxydes. Le zinc, les métaux de transition, les oxydes correspondants et les mélanges de ces substances sont préférés; ils fournissent des revêtements particulièrement solides et durables, résistant bien aux détergents et aux acides.The present culinary container is therefore characterized in that its browning coating, which is external, essentially comprises a heating layer, of lead-free enamel in which are incorporated electrically conductive elements in the form of a metal powder composed of at least one substance chosen from electrically conductive metals and their mixtures, the oxides of these metals and their mixtures, and mixtures of these metals and their oxides, said powder being intimately mixed with enamel. As metals, mention may be made of zinc, aluminum, copper, nickel, chromium, transition elements, in particular iridium, platinum, ruthenium, rhodium, palladium, silver, gold. , mixtures of these metals. The oxides which can be used are, in particular, those of the abovementioned metals and their mixtures, and mixtures of metals and oxides can also be used. Zinc, transition metals, corresponding oxides and mixtures of these substances are preferred; they provide particularly strong and durable coatings, resistant well to detergents and acids.

La proportion de poudre métallique dans ladite couche chauffante est généralement de 15 à 40% en poids.The proportion of metallic powder in said heating layer is generally from 15 to 40% by weight.

Ladite couche chauffante est avantageusement recouverte d'une couche de protection en émail sans plomb. L'épaisseur des couches est d'environ 12 à 30 microns pour la première et 10 à 20 microns pour la seconde.Said heating layer is advantageously covered with a protective layer of lead-free enamel. The thickness of the layers is approximately 12 to 30 microns for the first and 10 to 20 microns for the second.

L'émail sans plomb de la couche chauffante ou de la couche de protection peut être à base de résines acryliques incluant diverses substances minérales telles que des oxydes, des anhydrides, des sels.The lead-free enamel of the heating layer or the protective layer can be based on acrylic resins including various mineral substances such as oxides, anhydrides, salts.

Le procédé suivant l'invention de réalisation d'un revêtement brunisseur sur un récipient culinaire pour four à micro-ondes est caractérisé en ce que l'on dépose sur la surface externe du récipient une couche d'un émail sans plomb renfermant en mélange intime une poudre métallique composée d'au moins une substance choisie parmi les métaux électro-conducteurs et leurs mélanges, les oxydes de ces métaux et leurs mélanges, et les mélanges de ces métaux et de leurs oxydes, la couche ainsi formée étant soumise à une cuisson à une température comprise entre 620 et 800°C pour fournir une couche chauffante, dans laquelle la proportion de poudre métallique est généralement de 15 à 40% en poids. Des substances plus particulièrement utilisables ont été mentionnées ci-dessus. Sur la couche obtenue avant l'opération de cuisson, on dépose avantageusement une couche de protection en émail sans plomb, après quoi on soumet à ladite cuisson l'ensemble des deux couches, dont les épaisseurs sont celles susindiquées.The process according to the invention for producing a browning coating on a culinary container for a microwave oven is characterized in that a layer of lead-free enamel containing an intimate mixture is deposited on the external surface of the container. a metallic powder composed at least one substance chosen from electrically conductive metals and their mixtures, the oxides of these metals and their mixtures, and mixtures of these metals and their oxides, the layer thus formed being subjected to baking at a temperature included between 620 and 800 ° C to provide a heating layer, in which the proportion of metal powder is generally 15 to 40% by weight. More particularly usable substances have been mentioned above. On the layer obtained before the cooking operation, a protective lead-free enamel protective layer is advantageously deposited, after which all of the two layers are subjected to said cooking, the thicknesses of which are those indicated above.

L'émail sans plomb utilisé pour les deux couches peut être tel que défini ci-dessus. Cet émail est dit sans plomb, du fait que sa teneur en plomb (métal toxique) est très inférieure à la teneur maximale admise par les normes existant dans les divers pays pour les ustensiles ménagers ou culinaires, l'analyse étant faite sur de l'acide acétique à 4% en poids, dans lequel le récipient a trempé pendant 24 heures à la température ambiante.The lead-free enamel used for the two coats can be as defined above. This enamel is said to be lead-free, because its lead content (toxic metal) is much lower than the maximum content accepted by the standards existing in the various countries for household or culinary utensils, the analysis being made on acetic acid at 4% by weight, in which the container has been soaked for 24 hours at room temperature.

Le dépôt de chacune des deux couches peut être effectué par sérigraphie, à chaud, auquel cas on utilise un émail sans plomb à médium thermofusible fondant à environ 40-60'C, émail que l'on applique au travers d'une toile sérigraphique conductrice chauffée à une température d'environ 60-80*C.The deposition of each of the two layers can be carried out by screen printing, hot, in which case a lead-free enamel with a hot-melt medium melting at around 40-60 ° C. is used, enamel which is applied through a conductive screen-printed fabric heated to a temperature of around 60-80 * C.

Le dépôt de chacune des deux couches peut aussi être effectué par décalcomanie, à la température ambiante, auquel cas on utilise un émail sans plomb à médium huileux.The deposition of each of the two layers can also be carried out by decalcomania, at room temperature, in which case a lead-free enamel with an oily medium is used.

Le dépôt peut aussi être obtenu par un procédé par report : la couche d'émail est déposée, à chaud ou à froid suivant la nature de l'émail, au moyen d'un cliché ou d'un écran, sur une plaque ou une membrane, puis elle est reprise avec un tampon à base de silicone pour être transférée sur la surface externe du récipient à revêtir.The deposit can also be obtained by a transfer process: the enamel layer is deposited, hot or cold depending on the nature of the enamel, by means of a plate or a screen, on a plate or a membrane, then it is taken up with a silicone-based pad to be transferred to the external surface of the container to be coated.

Les exemples suivants illustrent le procédé. On emploie des émaux à bas coefficient de dilatation (38 et 58 . 10→).The following examples illustrate the process. Enamels with low coefficient of expansion are used (38 and 58.10 →).

EXEMPLE 1.- Procédé par sérigraphieEXAMPLE 1.- Screen printing process

L'émail sans plomb, initialement à l'état solide, utilisé pour la couche chauffante comprend, à raison de 25 à 30% en poids, un médium thermofusible ou thermoplastique qui est un mélange de résines acryliques et d'un plastifiant de ces résines et, à raison de 15 à 40% en poids, une poudre métallique électro-conductrice, par exemple de la poudre de zinc ou d'oxydes de zinc, ou d'au moins un métal de transition ou oxyde d'un tel métal, ou d'un mélange de ces substances, le restant étant constitué par des substances minérales diverses (comprenant les constituants suivants : SiO2, B203, Al2O3, ZnO, Li2O, ZrO2, BaO, F2, Sn02, TiO2).The lead-free enamel, initially in the solid state, used for the heating layer comprises, at a rate of 25 to 30% by weight, a hot-melt or thermoplastic medium which is a mixture of acrylic resins and a plasticizer of these resins and, in an amount of 15 to 40% by weight, an electrically conductive metal powder, for example zinc powder or zinc oxides, or at least one transition metal or oxide of such a metal, or a mixture of these substances, the remainder consisting of various mineral substances (comprising the following constituents: SiO 2 , B 2 0 3 , Al 2 O 3 , ZnO, Li 2 O, ZrO 2 , BaO, F 2 , Sn0 2 , TiO 2 ).

Le médium thermofusible fond à une température de 40 à 60*C. On procède donc au dépôt par sérigraphie de la couche chauffante, en chauffant la toile sérigraphique conductrice, sur laquelle l'émail est répandu, à une température de 60 à 80°C, par chauffage direct (par effet Joule) ou indirect (par exemple au moyen de rayons infra-rouges). Il suffit d'un temps d'application de la chaleur de 30 secondes pour former le revêtement sur la surface extérieure du récipient, placé sous la toile sérigraphique.The hot-melt medium melts at a temperature of 40 to 60 * C. The heating layer is therefore deposited by screen printing, by heating the conductive screen fabric, on which the enamel is spread, at a temperature of 60 to 80 ° C. , by direct heating (by Joule effect) or indirect (for example by means of infrared rays). A heat application time of 30 seconds is sufficient to form the coating on the outer surface of the container, placed under the screen fabric.

La couche de protection est réalisée de la même manière, avec un émail sans plomb de même composition, sauf qu'il ne contient pas de poudre métallique électro-conductrice; il est donc plus riche en substances minérales diverses.The protective layer is produced in the same way, with a lead-free enamel of the same composition, except that it does not contain any electrically conductive metallic powder; it is therefore richer in various mineral substances.

La cuisson du revêtement comprenant les deux couches est faite dans un four de recuisson (du type arche de recuisson), à une température comprise entre 620 et 800°C. La durée totale du cycle de cuisson est de 50 à 60 minutes.The coating comprising the two layers is baked in an annealing oven (of the annealing arch type), at a temperature between 620 and 800 ° C. The total duration of the cooking cycle is 50 to 60 minutes.

La première couche a une épaisseur d'environ 15 à 25 microns et la seconde a une épaisseur d'environ 10 à 15 microns, l'épaisseur optimale de l'ensemble des deux couches étant de 25 à 30 microns.The first layer has a thickness of approximately 15 to 25 microns and the second has a thickness of approximately 10 to 15 microns, the optimum thickness of the assembly of the two layers being 25 to 30 microns.

EXEMPLE 2.- Procédé par décalcomanieEXAMPLE 2.- Decal process

Les émaux sans plomb utilisés pour chacune des deux couches sont initialement huileux. Leur médium huileux, qui représente 15 à 20% de leur poids, est un mélange de résines acryliques et d'huiles terpéniques. Leurs autres constituants sont qualitativement identiques à ceux des deux émaux décrits dans l'exemple 1. La proportion de poudre électro-conductrice dans l'émail employé pour la couche chauffante est, comme dans l'exemple 1, de 15 à 40% en poids.The lead-free enamels used for each of the two layers are initially oily. Their oily medium, which represents 15 to 20% of their weight, is a mixture of acrylic resins and terpene oils. Their other constituents are qualitatively identical to those of the two enamels described in Example 1. The proportion of electrically conductive powder in the enamel used for the heating layer is, as in Example 1, from 15 to 40% by weight.

On dépose la couche chauffante, puis la couche de protection, par décalcomanie, à la température ambiante. L'épaisseur des couches est d'environ 20 microns pour la première et d'environ 10 microns pour la seconde, l'épaisseur optimale de l'ensemble des deux couches étant de 25 à 30 microns.The heating layer is deposited, then the protective layer, by decal, at room temperature. The thickness of the layers is approximately 20 microns for the first and approximately 10 microns for the second, the optimum thickness of the assembly of the two layers being 25 to 30 microns.

La cuisson de l'ensemble des deux couches se fait comme dans l'exemple 1.The whole of the two layers is cooked as in Example 1.

Avantages du revêtement brunisseur chauffant finalAdvantages of the final heated browning coating

Les caractéristiques de ce revêtement sont les suivantes :

  • 1°/ Homogénéité de la température après un certain temps d'exposition au rayonnement (micro-ondes).
The characteristics of this coating are as follows:
  • 1 ° / Homogeneity of the temperature after a certain time of exposure to radiation (microwave).

Par exemple, un plat vide, d'épaisseur 6 millimètres, revêtu par le procédé suivant l'exemple 1 ou 2, atteint une température de 300°C après 5 minutes d'exposition dans un four à micro-ondes, au lieu de 80 à 100*C sans le revêtement.For example, an empty dish, 6 millimeters thick, coated by the method according to example 1 or 2, reaches a temperature of 300 ° C. after 5 minutes of exposure in a microwave oven, instead of 80 at 100 * C without the coating.

Le métal électro-conducteur contenu dans le revêtement permet d'avoir une élévation de température du plat suffisante pour obtenir le brunissement des aliments, que l'on placera dans le plat. On constate, d'autre part, qu'il ne se produit pas d'arc électrique, qu'il n'y a donc pas de points chauds excessifs, qui pourraient détruire le revêtement; on suppose que cette stabilisation de la montée en température est due à la présence dans le revêtement d'oxydes métalliques, qu'ils soient introduits au départ dans la couche chauffante ou qu'ils soient formés à partir du métal ou des métaux initialement mis en oeuvre, lors de l'opération finale de cuisson du revêtement.The electrically conductive metal contained in the coating allows the temperature of the dish to rise enough to brown the food, which will be placed in the dish. It is noted, on the other hand, that there is no electric arc, that there are therefore no excessive hot spots, which could destroy the coating; it is assumed that this stabilization of the temperature rise is due to the presence in the coating of metal oxides, whether they are initially introduced into the heating layer or whether they are formed from the metal or metals initially introduced work, during the final coating firing operation.

2'/ Très bonne résistance à la flamme : aucune altération par passage à la flamme pendant 24 heures sur un brûleur de cuisinière à gaz. L'absence de plomb dans l'émail évite le noircissement à la flamme.2 '/ Very good flame resistance: no alteration by passing to the flame for 24 hours on a gas stove burner. The absence of lead in the enamel prevents flame blackening.

3°/ Très bonne résistance chimique: bonne tenue aux détergents dans un lave-vaisselle, après plus de 300 lavages. Bonne résistance aux acides.3 ° / Very good chemical resistance: good resistance to detergents in a dishwasher, after more than 300 washes. Good resistance to acids.

La durée de vie du revêtement est pratiquement illimitée. Les émaux, qui sont la base de sa composition, assurent la résistance au feu et aux produits chimiques et le fait que le revêtement comprend deux couches renforce cette résistance.The life of the coating is practically unlimited. The enamels, which are the basis of its composition, provide resistance to fire and chemicals and the fact that the coating comprises two layers reinforces this resistance.

Des modifications de détail, du domaine des équivalents techniques peuvent être apportées au récipient culinaire et au procédé décrits ci-dessus, sans que l'on sorte pour autant du cadre de l'invention.Modifications of detail, from the field of technical equivalents can be made to the culinary container and to the process described above, without however departing from the scope of the invention.

Claims (26)

1.- Récipient culinaire pourvu d'un revêtement brunisseur pour four à micro-ondes, caractérisé en ce que son revêtement brunisseur, qui est externe, comprend essentiellement une couche chauffante, en émail sans plomb dans lequel sont incorporés des éléments électro-conducteurs sous forme d'une poudre métallique composée d'au moins une substance choisie parmi les métaux électro-conducteurs et leurs mélanges, les oxydes de ces métaux et leurs mélanges, et les mélanges de ces métaux et de leurs oxydes, ladite poudre étant intimement mélangée à l'émail.1.- Culinary container provided with a browning coating for microwave oven, characterized in that its browning coating, which is external, essentially comprises a heating layer, in lead-free enamel in which are incorporated electrically conductive elements under form of a metal powder composed of at least one substance chosen from electrically conductive metals and their mixtures, the oxides of these metals and their mixtures, and mixtures of these metals and their oxides, said powder being intimately mixed with enamel. 2.- Récipient culinaire suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que ladite poudre métallique est composée d'au moins une substance choisie parmi le zinc, l'aluminium, le cuivre, le nickel, le chrome, les éléments de transition, les oxydes de ces métaux, les mélanges de ces métaux entre eux, les mélanges de ces oxydes entre eux, et les mélanges de ces métaux et de leurs oxydes.2.- Culinary container according to claim 1, characterized in that said metallic powder is composed of at least one substance chosen from zinc, aluminum, copper, nickel, chromium, transition elements, oxides of these metals, mixtures of these metals with one another, mixtures of these oxides with one another, and mixtures of these metals and their oxides. 3.- Récipient culinaire suivant la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que lesdits éléments de transition sont choisis parmi l'iridium, le platine, le ruthénium, le rhodium, le palladium, l'argent, l'or et leurs mélanges.3.- Culinary container according to claim 2, characterized in that said transition elements are chosen from iridium, platinum, ruthenium, rhodium, palladium, silver, gold and their mixtures. 4.- Récipient culinaire suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que ladite poudre métallique est composée d'au moins une substance choisie parmi le zinc, les oxydes de zinc et les mélanges de ces substances.4. Culinary container according to claim 1, characterized in that said metal powder is composed of at least one substance chosen from zinc, zinc oxides and mixtures of these substances. 5.- Récipient culinaire suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que ladite poudre métallique est composée d'au moins une substance choisie parmi l'iridium, le platine, le ruthénium, le rhodium, le palladium, l'argent, l'or, les mélanges de ces métaux, leurs oxydes, les mélanges de leurs oxydes et les mélanges de ces métaux et de leurs oxydes.5.- Culinary container according to claim 1, characterized in that said metal powder is composed of at least one substance chosen from iridium, platinum, ruthenium, rhodium, palladium, silver, gold , mixtures of these metals, their oxides, mixtures of their oxides and mixtures of these metals and their oxides. 6.- Récipient culinaire suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce que la proportion de poudre métallique dans la couche chauffante est de 15 à 40% en poids.6. Culinary container according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the proportion of metal powder in the heating layer is 15 to 40% by weight. 7.- Récipient culinaire suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce que l'épaisseur de la couche chauffante est d'environ 12 à 30 microns.7.- Culinary container according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the thickness of the heating layer is approximately 12 to 30 microns. 8.- Récipient culinaire suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisé en ce que la couche chauffante est recouverte d'une couche de protection en émail sans plomb.8.- Culinary container according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the heating layer is covered with a protective layer of lead-free enamel. 9.- Récipient culinaire suivant la revendication 8, caractérisé en ce que l'épaisseur de la couche de protection est d'environ 10 à 20 microns.9.- Culinary container according to claim 8, characterized in that the thickness of the protective layer is approximately 10 to 20 microns. 10.- Récipient culinaire suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 9, caractérisé en ce que ledit émail sans plomb est à base de résines acryliques incluant diverses substances minérales.10.- Culinary container according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that said lead-free enamel is based on acrylic resins including various mineral substances. 11.- Récipient culinaire suivant la revendication 10, caractérisé en ce que les substances minérales sont des oxydes, des anhydrides, des sels.11.- Culinary container according to claim 10, characterized in that the mineral substances are oxides, anhydrides, salts. 12.- Procédé de réalisation d'un revêtement brunisseur sur un récipient culinaire pour four à micro-ondes, caractérisé en ce que l'on dépose sur la surface externe du récipient une couche d'un émail sans plomb renfermant en mélange intime une poudre métallique composée d'au moins une substance choisie parmi les métaux électro-conducteurs et leurs mélanges, les oxydes de ces métaux et leurs mélanges, et les mélanges de ces métaux et de leurs oxydes, la couche ainsi formée étant soumise à une cuisson à une température comprise entre 620 et 800*C pour fournir une couche chauffante.12.- A method of producing a browning coating on a culinary container for a microwave oven, characterized in that a layer of lead-free enamel containing an intimate mixture of a powder is deposited on the external surface of the container. metallic compound composed of at least one substance chosen from electrically conductive metals and their mixtures, the oxides of these metals and their mixtures, and mixtures of these metals and their oxides, the layer thus formed being subjected to baking temperature between 620 and 800 ° C to provide a heated layer. 13.- Procédé suivant la revendication 12, caractérisé en ce que ladite poudre métallique est composée d'au moins une substance choisie parmi le zinc, l'aluminium, le cuivre, le nickel, le chrome, les éléments de transition, les oxydes de ces métaux, les mélanges de ces métaux entre eux, les mélanges de ces oxydes entre eux, et les mélanges de ces métaux et de leurs oxydes.13.- Method according to claim 12, characterized in that said metallic powder is composed of at least one substance chosen from zinc, aluminum, copper, nickel, chromium, transition elements, oxides of these metals, mixtures of these metals with one another, mixtures of these oxides with each other, and mixtures of these metals and their oxides. 14.- Procédé suivant la revendication 13, caractérisé en ce que lesdits éléments de transition sont choisis parmi l'iridium, le platine, le ruthénium, le rhodium, le palladium, l'argent, l'or et leurs mélanges.14.- Method according to claim 13, characterized in that said transition elements are chosen from iridium, platinum, ruthenium, rhodium, palladium, silver, gold and their mixtures. 15.- Procédé suivant la revendication 12, caractérisé en ce que ladite poudre métallique est composée d'au moins une substance choisie parmi le zinc, les oxydes de zinc et les mélanges de ces substances.15.- Method according to claim 12, characterized in that said metal powder is composed of at least one substance chosen from zinc, zinc oxides and mixtures of these substances. 16.- Procédé suivant la revendication 12, caractérisé en ce que ladite poudre métallique est composée d'au moins une substance choisie parmi l'iridium, le platine, le ruthénium, le rhodium, le palladium, l'argent, l'or, les mélanges de ces métaux, leurs oxydes, les mélanges de leurs oxydes et les mélanges de ces métaux et de leurs oxydes.16.- Method according to claim 12, characterized in that said metallic powder is composed of at least one substance chosen from iridium, platinum, ruthenium, rhodium, palladium, silver, gold, mixtures of these metals, their oxides, mixtures of their oxides and mixtures of these metals and their oxides. 17.- Procédé suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 12 à 16, caractérisé en ce que la couche chauffante obtenue contient 15 à 40% en poids de poudre métallique.17.- Method according to any one of claims 12 to 16, characterized in that the heating layer obtained contains 15 to 40% by weight of metal powder. 18.- Procédé suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 12 à 17, caractérisé en ce que l'on dépose sur la surface externe du récipient une couche chauffante d'une épaisseur d'environ 12 à 30 microns.18.- Method according to any one of claims 12 to 17, characterized in that there is deposited on the outer surface of the container a heating layer with a thickness of about 12 to 30 microns. 19.- Procédé suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 12 à 18, caractérisé en ce que l'on dépose, sur la couche obtenue avant l'opération de cuisson, une couche de protection en émail sans plomb, après quoi on soumet à ladite cuisson l'ensemble des deux couches.19.- Method according to any one of claims 12 to 18, characterized in that one deposits on the layer obtained before the cooking operation, a protective layer of lead-free enamel, after which it is subjected to said cooking the two layers. 20.- Procédé suivant la revendication 19, caractérisé en ce que l'on dépose une couche de protection d'une épaisseur d'environ 10 à 20 microns.20.- Method according to claim 19, characterized in that a protective layer is deposited with a thickness of about 10 to 20 microns. 21.- Procédé suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 12 à 20, caractérise en ce que l'on emploie un émail sans plomb à base de résines acryliques incluant diverses substances minérales.21.- Method according to any one of claims 12 to 20, characterized in that one uses a lead-free enamel to based on acrylic resins including various mineral substances. 22.- Procédé suivant la revendication 21, caractérisé en ce que l'on emploie un émail sans plomb à base de résines acryliques incluant, comme substances minérales, des oxydes, des anhydrides, des sels..22.- Method according to claim 21, characterized in that one uses a lead-free enamel based on acrylic resins including, as mineral substances, oxides, anhydrides, salts .. 23.- Procédé suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 12 à 22, caractérisé en ce que le dépôt des couches est effectué par sérigraphie, à chaud, l'émail sans plomb utilisé étant un émail à médium thermofusible fondant à environ 40-60*C, émail qui est appliqué au travers d'une toile sérigraphique conductrice chauffée à une température d'environ 60-80*C.23.- Method according to any one of claims 12 to 22, characterized in that the deposition of the layers is carried out by screen printing, hot, the lead-free enamel used being a hot-melt medium enamel melting at about 40-60 * C, enamel which is applied through a conductive screen cloth heated to a temperature of about 60-80 * C. 24.- Procédé suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 12 à 22, caractérisé en ce que le dépôt des couches est effectué par décalcomanie, à la température ambiante, l'émail sans plomb utilisé étant un émail à médium huileux.24.- Method according to any one of claims 12 to 22, characterized in that the deposition of the layers is carried out by decal, at room temperature, the lead-free enamel used being an oily medium enamel. 25.- Procédé suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 12 à 22, caractérisé en ce que le dépôt des couches est effectué par un procédé par report.25.- Method according to any one of claims 12 to 22, characterized in that the deposition of the layers is carried out by a carry-over process. 26.- Récipient culinaire pourvu d'un revêtement brunisseur pour four à micro-ondes, caractérisé en ce que son revêtement brunisseur, qui est externe, est constitué par une couche chauffante en émail sans plomb, contenant 15 à 40% en poids d'une poudre métallique électro-conductrice, composée d'au moins une substance choisie parmi le zinc, les éléments de transition, les oxydes de ces métaux, et les mélanges de ces substances, et par une couche de protection en émail sans plomb recouvrant la couche chauffante, l'émail sans plomb des deux couches étant à base de résines acryliques incluant des substances minérales, oxydes, anhydrides, sels, et l'épaisseur des deux couches étant d'environ 15 à 25 mincrons pour la couche chauffante et d'environ 10 à 15 microns pour la couche de protection, l'épaisseur totale optimale des deux couches formant le revêtement étant d'environ 25 à 30 microns.26.- Culinary container provided with a browning coating for microwave oven, characterized in that its browning coating, which is external, consists of a heating layer of lead-free enamel, containing 15 to 40% by weight of an electrically conductive metallic powder, composed of at least one substance chosen from zinc, the transition elements, the oxides of these metals, and mixtures of these substances, and by a protective layer of lead-free enamel covering the layer heating, the lead-free enamel of the two layers being based on acrylic resins including mineral substances, oxides, anhydrides, salts, and the thickness of the two layers being approximately 15 to 25 mincrons for the heating layer and approximately 10 to 15 microns for the protective layer, the optimum total thickness of the two layers forming the coating being approximately 25 to 30 microns.
EP87401085A 1986-05-21 1987-05-14 Cooking vessel with a browning coating for a microwave oven, and manufacturing method of the coating Withdrawn EP0247922A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8607183 1986-05-21
FR8607183A FR2598903B1 (en) 1986-05-21 1986-05-21 CULINARY CONTAINER HAVING A BROWNING COATING FOR MICROWAVE OVEN AND METHOD FOR MAKING THE COATING
FR8704801A FR2613205B2 (en) 1987-04-06 1987-04-06 CULINARY CONTAINER HAVING A BROWNING COATING FOR MICROWAVE OVEN AND METHOD FOR MAKING THE COATING
FR8704801 1987-04-06

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EP0247922A1 true EP0247922A1 (en) 1987-12-02

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EP0294503A1 (en) * 1987-06-10 1988-12-14 Degussa Aktiengesellschaft Use of a paste containing a noble metal in the production of browning utensils for microwave ovens
EP0296312A2 (en) * 1987-06-25 1988-12-28 W.C. Heraeus GmbH Microwave resistant precious metal decoration
US4904836A (en) * 1988-05-23 1990-02-27 The Pillsbury Co. Microwave heater and method of manufacture
EP0374302A1 (en) * 1988-12-23 1990-06-27 Degussa Aktiengesellschaft Browning utensils for microwave ovens
FR2671709A1 (en) * 1991-01-17 1992-07-24 Sou Kuein Chiu Heat-conducting film for absorbing electromagnetic waves and microwave energy
EP0679355A1 (en) * 1994-04-26 1995-11-02 Winterling Porzellan AG Cooking vessel for induction heating and method for making such a vessel
FR2841432A1 (en) * 2002-06-20 2003-12-26 Saint Gobain Fabrication of electroconducting patterns on a transparent substrate using a paste containing metal particles and coated with an enamel containing a vitreous flux and pigments
CN109106191A (en) * 2017-06-26 2019-01-01 佛山市顺德区美的电热电器制造有限公司 Cooking machine and its control device

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EP0294503A1 (en) * 1987-06-10 1988-12-14 Degussa Aktiengesellschaft Use of a paste containing a noble metal in the production of browning utensils for microwave ovens
EP0296312A2 (en) * 1987-06-25 1988-12-28 W.C. Heraeus GmbH Microwave resistant precious metal decoration
EP0296312A3 (en) * 1987-06-25 1989-09-27 W.C. Heraeus Gmbh Microwave resistant precious metal decoration
US4904836A (en) * 1988-05-23 1990-02-27 The Pillsbury Co. Microwave heater and method of manufacture
EP0374302A1 (en) * 1988-12-23 1990-06-27 Degussa Aktiengesellschaft Browning utensils for microwave ovens
FR2671709A1 (en) * 1991-01-17 1992-07-24 Sou Kuein Chiu Heat-conducting film for absorbing electromagnetic waves and microwave energy
EP0679355A1 (en) * 1994-04-26 1995-11-02 Winterling Porzellan AG Cooking vessel for induction heating and method for making such a vessel
FR2841432A1 (en) * 2002-06-20 2003-12-26 Saint Gobain Fabrication of electroconducting patterns on a transparent substrate using a paste containing metal particles and coated with an enamel containing a vitreous flux and pigments
CN109106191A (en) * 2017-06-26 2019-01-01 佛山市顺德区美的电热电器制造有限公司 Cooking machine and its control device

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