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EP0243830A2 - Composites made from conductive polymers and inorganic binders - Google Patents

Composites made from conductive polymers and inorganic binders Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0243830A2
EP0243830A2 EP87105756A EP87105756A EP0243830A2 EP 0243830 A2 EP0243830 A2 EP 0243830A2 EP 87105756 A EP87105756 A EP 87105756A EP 87105756 A EP87105756 A EP 87105756A EP 0243830 A2 EP0243830 A2 EP 0243830A2
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Prior art keywords
electrically conductive
composite
composite materials
inorganic binders
polymers
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EP87105756A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0243830A3 (en
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Herbert Dr. Naarmann
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BASF SE
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BASF SE
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B1/00—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors
    • H01B1/14—Conductive material dispersed in non-conductive inorganic material
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L2924/00—Indexing scheme for arrangements or methods for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies as covered by H01L24/00
    • H01L2924/0001—Technical content checked by a classifier
    • H01L2924/0002—Not covered by any one of groups H01L24/00, H01L24/00 and H01L2224/00
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
    • Y10T428/31855—Of addition polymer from unsaturated monomers

Definitions

  • the invention relates to composite materials made of electrically conductive materials and inorganic binders.
  • Conductive polymers containing conjugated double bonds are known.
  • Acetylene or acetylene compounds are polymerized under the action of certain Ziegler catalysts.
  • Subsequent doping e.g. Electrically conductive polymers can be obtained electrochemically with electron acceptors or electron donors (US Pat. No. 4,204,216 and US Pat. No. 4,222,903).
  • Electrically conductive polymers obtained by polymerizing 5-membered heterocycles which are pyrrole or thiophene, e.g. on A.F. Diaz et. al. J.C.S. Chem. Comm. 1979, page 634 ff and page 845 ff as well as from EP-OS 99 984.
  • Another group of electrically conductive polymers are the conductive poly-p-phenylenes. These can e.g. are obtained by methods as described in J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1985 (1963) 454 ff and in J. Marcromol. SCI. C 5 (1971) page 295 ff.
  • the task of the present inventions was to show composite materials made of electrically conductive materials and inorganic binders.
  • composite materials which contain a p- or n-doped electrically conductive polymer as the electrically conductive material, which contains conjugated double bonds and forms a coherent phase.
  • Such composite materials can preferably be used as heating elements, shielding materials or as probes.
  • polymers which contain conjugated double bonds those polymers are particularly suitable which are obtained by electrochemical polymerization of compounds from the class of 5-membered heterocyclic compounds with conjugated ⁇ -electron system which contain nitrogen or sulfur as the hetero atom.
  • Polymers from the class of pyrroles and thiophenes are advantageous.
  • Substituted pyrroles such as n-alkyl pyrroles or monoalkyls or dihalogen substituted pyrroles, are also suitable.
  • compounds from the class of thiophenes are also the 2- or the 3-, methylthiophene or the 2,3-diethylthiophene.
  • the compounds can also be copolymerized together with other copolymerizable compounds, diazole or ocazole.
  • the polymers are prepared by the known processes cited above. The polymerization is therefore advantageously carried out by anodic oxidation in an electrolyte solvent which contains conductive salts. Copolymers are obtained in which the conductive salt anions are bound; this is referred to as p-doped conductive polymers.
  • the polymers of acetylene can be prepared in the same way. The method of preparation is described in the literature mentioned above. Those acetylene polymers which are described in EP 88 301 or in Synthetic Metals 5 (1982) p. 51 are advantageous. Stretched polymers are particularly suitable. Electrically conductive polymers such as poly-p-phenylenes are also suitable.
  • the electrically conductive polymers are e.g. p-doped with conductive salt anions such as I ⁇ , ClO4 ⁇ , AsF6 ⁇ or n-doped with Li+, Na+, K+ or alkaline earth metal cations.
  • the doping can be electrochemical or chemical.
  • Inorganic binders are used to manufacture the composite materials.
  • unhydraulic binders such as gypsum, Sorel cement or magnesia binders are used.
  • Hydraulic binders such as cement, lime or water glass or other silicates, as well as borates, vanadates, titanates, ferates, cuprates or molybdates are advantageously used. Salts, selenium, sulfur or silicon are also suitable. More information on binders and cement can be found in Römpps Chemie Lexikon, 7th edition, pages 366 and 3 967.
  • Coherent phases form, for example, foils, threads or wires, but it is also possible to use pressed moldings made from finely powdered polymers. It is also possible to use knitted fabrics, woven fabrics or disorderly poured layers of fibrous polymers. Also possible are: porous materials such as membranes with open cells or fleece. It is thus possible to produce composite materials that have a two-dimensional expansion and that contain the electrically conductive polymer as the core layer. However, it is also possible to produce composite materials that consist of only two layers, namely the polymer and the binder. Furthermore, many times layered composite materials are produced. However, it is also possible to produce composite materials that have a longitudinal expansion, the multiple of which relates to the transverse expansion. For example, these can be tapes, cables or ropes surrounded by the inorganic agent.
  • the manufacturing conditions depend on the inorganic binder used. Care should be taken to ensure that temperatures during production are not exceeded at which the polymer may be damaged.
  • the proportion of the electrically conductive polymer in the composite material is 0.001 to 0.1, preferably 0.001 to 0.1, part to 1 part of the binder.
  • the composite materials can be used as probes, shielding materials or heating elements. However, they can also be used as electrical control elements or as electrodes.
  • the film doped in this way has a conductivity of 2500 S / cm.
  • the doped film is placed between 2 plates of potassium bromide, which have a thickness of 3 mm and are pressed at 300 bar.
  • the acetylene film to be treated is placed between glass plates 3 mm thick and pressed at 300 bar and a temperature of 750 ° C.
  • the composites obtained in this way can be used, for example, as probes.
  • a polyacetylene film the doping of which is described in Example 1, is placed in water glass solution, removed from the solution and cured at 50 ° C. and a pressure of 0.1 tor. It forms a composite in which a polyacetylene film made of hardened water glass is embedded. This composite can be used as a control element.
  • a compact is obtained in which the polypoly pyrrole particles are embedded in the sulfur and form a coherent phase. Such a compact can be used as a probe.
  • Particles with a diameter of 1-2 mm are used, which consist of polypyrrole which is deposited on graphite particles.
  • the conductivity of these particles is 1 S / cm.
  • the particles are mixed with cement and water in a ratio of 1: 1: 3.
  • the mixture is allowed to harden at 25 ° C for 3 days.
  • the proportion of polypyrrole in the composite is 20% by weight.
  • the polypyrrole particles form a coherent phase.
  • polypyrrole fibers are embedded, which have a diameter of 1 mm, a length of 3 to 5 mm and a conductivity of 2 S / cm.
  • a composite is obtained in which the polypropylene fibers form the coherent phase.
  • a polypyrrole film with a thickness of 200 ⁇ m is placed in a cement mixture.
  • the mixture is shaped so that the film is coated on both sides with a layer of 1 cm cement.
  • the cement is allowed to harden and a composite is obtained in which the polypyrrole fraction has a conductivity of 10 -3 S / cm.
  • Example 4 In a manner analogous to that described in Example 4, a polypropylene film with a thickness of 200 ⁇ m is embedded in plaster, so that the polypropylene film is coated on both sides with a layer of 5 mm. After curing, a composite is obtained. The conductivity of the polypyrrole film in the composite 150 S / cm.
  • a composite element which contains a polyacetylene film which is n-doped with lithium anions.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Macromolecular Shaped Articles (AREA)
  • Conductive Materials (AREA)

Abstract

Die Erfindung betrifft Verbundwerkstoffe aus elektrisch leitfähigen Materialien und anorganischen Bindemitteln, die als elektrisch leitfähiges Material p- oder n-dotiertes elektrisch leitfähiges Polymeres enthalten das konjugierte Doppelbindungen enthält und eine kohärente Phase bildet.The invention relates to composite materials made of electrically conductive materials and inorganic binders which contain p- or n-doped electrically conductive polymer as the electrically conductive material, which contains conjugated double bonds and forms a coherent phase.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft Verbundwerkstoffe aus elektrisch leitfähigen Materialien und anorganischen Bindemitteln.The invention relates to composite materials made of electrically conductive materials and inorganic binders.

Leitfähige Polymere, die konjugierte Doppelbindungen enthalten, sind bekannt. So kann z.B. Acetylen oder Acetylenverbindungen unter Einwirkung bestimmter Ziegler-Katalysatoren polymerisiert werden. Durch anschließendes Dotieren, das z.B. elektrochemisch erfolgen kann mit Elektronenakzeptoren oder Elektronendonatoren können elektrisch leit­fähige Polymere erhalten werden (US-PS 4 204 216 und US-PS 4 222 903).Conductive polymers containing conjugated double bonds are known. For example, Acetylene or acetylene compounds are polymerized under the action of certain Ziegler catalysts. Subsequent doping, e.g. Electrically conductive polymers can be obtained electrochemically with electron acceptors or electron donors (US Pat. No. 4,204,216 and US Pat. No. 4,222,903).

Elektrisch leitfähige Polymere die durch Polymerisation von 5-gliedrigen Heterocyclen die Pyrrol oder Thiophen erhalten werden sind z.B. auf den Arbeiten A.F. Diaz et. al. J. C. S. Chem. Comm. 1979, Seite 634 ff und Seite 845 ff sowie aus der EP-OS 99 984 bekannt. Eine andere Gruppe elektrisch leitfähiger Polymere sind die leitfähigen Poly-p-phenylene. Diese können z.B. nach Verfahren erhalten werden wie sie in J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1985 (1963) 454 ff und in J. Marcromol. SCI. C 5 (1971) Seite 295 ff beschrieben sind.Electrically conductive polymers obtained by polymerizing 5-membered heterocycles which are pyrrole or thiophene, e.g. on A.F. Diaz et. al. J.C.S. Chem. Comm. 1979, page 634 ff and page 845 ff as well as from EP-OS 99 984. Another group of electrically conductive polymers are the conductive poly-p-phenylenes. These can e.g. are obtained by methods as described in J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1985 (1963) 454 ff and in J. Marcromol. SCI. C 5 (1971) page 295 ff.

Aufgabenstellung der vorliegenden Erfindungen war es Verbundwerkstoffe aus elektrisch leitfähigen Materialien und anorganischen Bindemitteln aufzuzeigen.The task of the present inventions was to show composite materials made of electrically conductive materials and inorganic binders.

Es wurde nun gefunden, daß diese Aufgabe gelöst wird durch Verbundwerk­stoffe, die als elektrisch leitfähiges Material ein p- oder n- dotiertes elektrisch leitfähiges Polymeres enthalten, das konjugierte Doppel­bindungen enthält und eine kohärente Phase bildet.It has now been found that this object is achieved by composite materials which contain a p- or n-doped electrically conductive polymer as the electrically conductive material, which contains conjugated double bonds and forms a coherent phase.

Derartige Verbundwerkstoffe können vorzugsweise als Heizelemente, Abschirmmaterialien oder als Sonden Verwendung finden.Such composite materials can preferably be used as heating elements, shielding materials or as probes.

Von den Polymeren die konjugierte Doppelbindungen enthalten, eignen sich insbesonders solche Polymere, die durch elektrochemische Polymerisation von Verbindungen aus der Klasse der 5-gliedrigen heterocyclischen Verbindungen mit konjugierten π -Elektronensystem erhalten werden, die Stickstoff oder Schwefel als Heteroatom enthalten. Vorteilhaft sind Polymerisate aus der Klasse der Pyrrole und Thiophene. In Frage kommen auch substituierte Pyrrole, wie n-Alkylpyrrole oder Monoalkyle oder Dihalogen substituierte Pyrrole. Verbindungen aus der Klasse der Thiophene sind neben Thiophene selbst das 2-, oder das 3-, Methylthiophen oder das 2,3-Diethylthiophen. Die Verbindungen können auch zusammen mit anderen copolymerisierbaren Verbindungen Diazol oder Ocazol copoly­merisiert werden. Die Herstellung der Polymerisate erfolgt nach den bekannten Verfahren die oben zitiert sind. Die Polymerisation wird also vorteilhaft durch anodische Oxydation in einem Elektrolythlösungsmittel vorgenommen, das Leitsalze enthält. Man erhält Copolymerisate worin die Leitsalzanionen gebunden sind, man spricht von p-dotierten leitfähigen Polymeren.Of the polymers which contain conjugated double bonds, those polymers are particularly suitable which are obtained by electrochemical polymerization of compounds from the class of 5-membered heterocyclic compounds with conjugated π-electron system which contain nitrogen or sulfur as the hetero atom. Polymers from the class of pyrroles and thiophenes are advantageous. Substituted pyrroles, such as n-alkyl pyrroles or monoalkyls or dihalogen substituted pyrroles, are also suitable. In addition to thiophenes, compounds from the class of thiophenes are also the 2- or the 3-, methylthiophene or the 2,3-diethylthiophene. The compounds can also be copolymerized together with other copolymerizable compounds, diazole or ocazole. The polymers are prepared by the known processes cited above. The polymerization is therefore advantageously carried out by anodic oxidation in an electrolyte solvent which contains conductive salts. Copolymers are obtained in which the conductive salt anions are bound; this is referred to as p-doped conductive polymers.

Auf gleicher Weise lassen sich die Polymeren des Acetylens herstellen. Die Herstellungsweise ist in der oben genannten Literatur beschrieben. Vorteilhaft sind solche Acetylenpolymere die in EP 88 301 bzw. im Synthetic Metals 5 (1982) S. 51 beschrieben sind. Besonders geeignet sind gereckte Polymere. Außerdem eignen sich elektrisch leitfähige Polymere, wie Poly-p-phenylene.The polymers of acetylene can be prepared in the same way. The method of preparation is described in the literature mentioned above. Those acetylene polymers which are described in EP 88 301 or in Synthetic Metals 5 (1982) p. 51 are advantageous. Stretched polymers are particularly suitable. Electrically conductive polymers such as poly-p-phenylenes are also suitable.

Die elektrisch leitfähigen Polymeren sind z.B. mit Leitsalzanionen wie I⁻, ClO₄⁻, AsF₆⁻ p-dotiert oder mit Li⁺, Na⁺, K⁺ oder Erdalkalikationen n-dotiert. Die Dotierung kann elektrochemisch oder chemisch erfolgen.The electrically conductive polymers are e.g. p-doped with conductive salt anions such as I⁻, ClO₄⁻, AsF₆⁻ or n-doped with Li⁺, Na⁺, K⁺ or alkaline earth metal cations. The doping can be electrochemical or chemical.

Für die Herstellung der Verbundwerkstoffe werden anorganische Bindemittel verwendet. So können z.B. unhydraulische Bindemittel wie Gips, Sorel­zement oder Magnesiabinder Verwendung finden. Vorteilhaft verwendet man hydraulische Bindemittel wie Zememt, Kalk oder Wasserglas oder andere Silikate, sowie Borate, Vanadate, Titanate, Ferate, Cuprate oder Molyb­date. Ferner kommen Salze, selen, Schwefel oder Silizium in Frage. Über Bindemittel und Zement finden sich nähere Angaben in Römpps Chemie Lexikon, 7. Auflage, Seite 366 und 3 967.Inorganic binders are used to manufacture the composite materials. For example, unhydraulic binders such as gypsum, Sorel cement or magnesia binders are used. Hydraulic binders such as cement, lime or water glass or other silicates, as well as borates, vanadates, titanates, ferates, cuprates or molybdates are advantageously used. Salts, selenium, sulfur or silicon are also suitable. More information on binders and cement can be found in Römpps Chemie Lexikon, 7th edition, pages 366 and 3 967.

Bei der Herstellung der Verbundwerkstoffe ist dafür Sorge zu leisten, daß das elektrisch leitfähige Polymere eine kohärente Phase bildet. D.h. daß die Anteile des Polymeren untereinander in Berührung stehen, so daß eine Leitfähigkeit möglich ist. Kohärente Phasen bilden z.B. Folien, Fäden oder Drähte, es können aber auch gepreßte Formkörper aus feinpulvrigen Polymeren Verwendung finden. Weiterhin ist es möglich, Gewirke, Gewebe oder ungeordnet geschüttete Schichten von faserigen Polymeren zu ver­wenden. Weiterhin kommen in Frage: poröse Materialien wie Membranen mit offenen Zellen oder Vließe. So ist es möglich Verbundwerkstoffe herzu­stellen die eine flächige Ausdehnung haben und worin das elektrisch leit­fähige Polymere als Kernschicht enthalten ist. Es ist aber auch möglich Verbundwerkstoffe herzustellen, die lediglich aus zwei Schichten, nämlich dem Polymeren und dem Bindemittel bestehen. Weiterhin können vielfach schichtige Verbundwerkstoffe hergestellt werden. Man kann aber auch Ver­bundwerkstoffe herstellen, die eine Längsausdehnung haben, deren Viel­faches der Querausdehnung betrifft. So können dies z.B. Bänder, Kabel oder Seile sein, die mit dem anorganischen Mittel umgeben sind.When manufacturing the composite materials, care must be taken to ensure that the electrically conductive polymer forms a coherent phase. This means that the proportions of the polymer are in contact with one another so that conductivity is possible. Coherent phases form, for example, foils, threads or wires, but it is also possible to use pressed moldings made from finely powdered polymers. It is also possible to use knitted fabrics, woven fabrics or disorderly poured layers of fibrous polymers. Also possible are: porous materials such as membranes with open cells or fleece. It is thus possible to produce composite materials that have a two-dimensional expansion and that contain the electrically conductive polymer as the core layer. However, it is also possible to produce composite materials that consist of only two layers, namely the polymer and the binder. Furthermore, many times layered composite materials are produced. However, it is also possible to produce composite materials that have a longitudinal expansion, the multiple of which relates to the transverse expansion. For example, these can be tapes, cables or ropes surrounded by the inorganic agent.

Die Herstellungsbedingungen richten sich je nach dem verwendeten anorga­nischen Bindemittel. Es ist dabei zu beachten, daß bei der Herstellung Temperaturen nicht überschritten werden, bei denen es zu einer Schädigung des Polymeren kommen kann. Der Anteil des elektrisch leitfähigen Poly­meren in Verbundwerkstoff beträgt auf 1 Teil Bindemittel 0,001 bis 0,1, vorteilhaft 0,001 bis 0,1 Teile.The manufacturing conditions depend on the inorganic binder used. Care should be taken to ensure that temperatures during production are not exceeded at which the polymer may be damaged. The proportion of the electrically conductive polymer in the composite material is 0.001 to 0.1, preferably 0.001 to 0.1, part to 1 part of the binder.

Wie bereits oben erwähnt, können die Verbundwerkstoffe als Sonden Abschirmmaterialien oder Heizelemente Verwendung finden. Sie können aber auch als elektrische Steuerelemente oder als Elektroden eingesetzt werden.As already mentioned above, the composite materials can be used as probes, shielding materials or heating elements. However, they can also be used as electrical control elements or as electrodes.

Beispiel 1example 1

Eine Polyacetylenfolie von 5 µm Dicke die nach EP 88 301 hergestellt ist, wird für die Dauer von 30 Min. mit einer jodenthaltenden Tetrachlor­kohlenstofflösung bei 23°C behandelt. Die so dotierte Folie hat eine Leitfähigkeit von 2500 S/cm. Die dotierte Folie wird zwischen 2 Platten aus Kaliumbromid gelegt, die eine Dicke von 3 mm haben und bei 300 bar ver­preßt.A polyacetylene film with a thickness of 5 μm, which is produced in accordance with EP 88 301, is treated with an iodine-containing carbon tetrachloride solution at 23 ° C. for 30 minutes. The film doped in this way has a conductivity of 2500 S / cm. The doped film is placed between 2 plates of potassium bromide, which have a thickness of 3 mm and are pressed at 300 bar.

Analog wird die zu behandelnde Acetylenfolie zwischen Glasplatten von 3 mm Dicke gelegt und bei 300 bar und einer Temperatur von 750°C verpreßt.Analogously, the acetylene film to be treated is placed between glass plates 3 mm thick and pressed at 300 bar and a temperature of 750 ° C.

Die so erhaltenen Verbundstoffe können beispielsweise als Sonden Verwen­dung finden.The composites obtained in this way can be used, for example, as probes.

Beispiel 2Example 2

Eine Polyacetylenfolie deren Dotierung in Beispiel 1 beschrieben ist, wird in Wasserglaslösung eingelegt aus der Lösung entnommen und bei 50°C und einem Druck von 0,1 tor gehärtet. Es bildet ein Verbundstoff aus in dem ein Polyacetylenfilm aus gehärtetem Wasserglas eingebettet ist. Dieser Verbundstoff kann als Steuerelement Verwendung finden.A polyacetylene film, the doping of which is described in Example 1, is placed in water glass solution, removed from the solution and cured at 50 ° C. and a pressure of 0.1 tor. It forms a composite in which a polyacetylene film made of hardened water glass is embedded. This composite can be used as a control element.

Beispiel 3Example 3

Eine Mischung aus 10 Teilen Schwefel und 5 Teilen Polypyrrol, das eine Leitfähigkeit von 1 S/cm hat und p-dotiert ist und in Form von kleinen Teilchen mit einem Durchmesser von 0,1 mm vorliegt wird bei einem Druck von 30 bar verpreßt. Es wird ein Preßkörper erhalten in dem die Poly­polyrrolteilchen in dem Schwefel eingebettet sind und eine kohärente Phase bilden. Ein derartiger Preßkörper kann als Sonde Verwendung finden.A mixture of 10 parts sulfur and 5 parts polypyrrole, which has a conductivity of 1 S / cm and is p-doped and is in the form of small particles with a diameter of 0.1 mm, is pressed at a pressure of 30 bar. A compact is obtained in which the polypoly pyrrole particles are embedded in the sulfur and form a coherent phase. Such a compact can be used as a probe.

Beispiel 4Example 4

Es werden Teilchen eines Durchmessers von 1 - 2 mm verwendet, die aus Polypyrrol bestehen, das auf Graphitteilchen abgeschieden ist. Die Leit­fähigkeit dieser Teilchen beträgt 1 S/cm. Die Teilchen werden mit Zement und Wasser im Verhältnis 1:1:3 gemischt. Man läßt die Mischung für die Dauer von 3 Tagen bei 25°C aushärten. Der Anteil von Polypyrrol in dem Verbundstoff beträgt 20 Gew.-%. Die Polypyrrolteilchen bilden eine kohärente Phase.Particles with a diameter of 1-2 mm are used, which consist of polypyrrole which is deposited on graphite particles. The conductivity of these particles is 1 S / cm. The particles are mixed with cement and water in a ratio of 1: 1: 3. The mixture is allowed to harden at 25 ° C for 3 days. The proportion of polypyrrole in the composite is 20% by weight. The polypyrrole particles form a coherent phase.

In gleicher Weise werden Polypyrrolfasern eingelagert, die einen Durch­messer von 1 mm Länge von 3 bis 5 mm haben und eine Leitfähigkeit von 2 S/cm besitzen. Es wird ein Verbundstoff erhalten, in dem die Poly­propylenfasern die kohärente Phase bilden.In the same way, polypyrrole fibers are embedded, which have a diameter of 1 mm, a length of 3 to 5 mm and a conductivity of 2 S / cm. A composite is obtained in which the polypropylene fibers form the coherent phase.

Es wird ein Polypyrrolfilm mit einer Dicke von 200 µm in einer Zement­mischung eingelegt. Die Mischung wird in Form gebracht, so daß der Film jeweils mit einer Schicht von 1 cm Zement auf beiden Seiten beschichtet ist. Man läßt den Zement aushärten und erhält einen Verbundstoff, worin der Polypyrrolanteil eine Leitfähigkeit von 10⁻³ S/cm hat.A polypyrrole film with a thickness of 200 μm is placed in a cement mixture. The mixture is shaped so that the film is coated on both sides with a layer of 1 cm cement. The cement is allowed to harden and a composite is obtained in which the polypyrrole fraction has a conductivity of 10 -3 S / cm.

Beispiel 5Example 5

In analoger Weise wie in Beispiel 4 beschrieben, wird eine Polyproylen­folie in einer Dicke 200 µm in Gips eingelagert, so daß die Polypropylen­folie beidseitig mit einer Schicht von 5 mm beschichtet ist. Nach dem Aushärten erhält man einen Verbundstoff. Die Leitfähigkeit der Polypyrrol­folie im Verbundstoff 150 S/cm.In a manner analogous to that described in Example 4, a polypropylene film with a thickness of 200 μm is embedded in plaster, so that the polypropylene film is coated on both sides with a layer of 5 mm. After curing, a composite is obtained. The conductivity of the polypyrrole film in the composite 150 S / cm.

In gleicher Weise kann ein Verbundelement hergestellt werden, daß ein Polyacetylenfilm enthält, der mit Lithiumanionen n-dotiert ist.In the same way, a composite element can be produced which contains a polyacetylene film which is n-doped with lithium anions.

Claims (4)

1. Verbundwerkstoff aus elektrisch leitfähigen Materialien und anorganischen Bindemitteln, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß als elektrisch leitfähiges Material einen p- oder n-dotiertes elektrisch leitfähiges Polymeres verwendet wird, das konjugierte Doppelbindungen enthält und eine kohärente Phase bildet.1. Composite material made of electrically conductive materials and inorganic binders, characterized in that a p- or n-doped electrically conductive polymer is used as the electrically conductive material, which contains conjugated double bonds and forms a coherent phase. 2. Verbundwerkstoffe nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das elektrisch leitfähige Polymere ein Acetylenpolymeres, ein Pyrrol­polymeres oder ein Polyaromat ist.2. Composite materials according to claim 1, characterized in that the electrically conductive polymer is an acetylene polymer, a pyrrole polymer or a polyaromatic. 3. Verwendung der Verbundwerkstoffe nach Patentanspruch 1 und 2 als Heizelement.3. Use of the composite materials according to claim 1 and 2 as a heating element. 4. Verwendung der Verbundwerkstoffe nach Anspruch 1 oder 2 als Abschirm­material.4. Use of the composite materials according to claim 1 or 2 as shielding material.
EP87105756A 1986-04-26 1987-04-18 Composites made from conductive polymers and inorganic binders Withdrawn EP0243830A3 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3614279 1986-04-26
DE19863614279 DE3614279A1 (en) 1986-04-26 1986-04-26 COMPOSITIONS FROM CONDUCTIVE POLYMERS AND INORGANIC BINDERS

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EP0243830A2 true EP0243830A2 (en) 1987-11-04
EP0243830A3 EP0243830A3 (en) 1988-08-31

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US (1) US4780246A (en)
EP (1) EP0243830A3 (en)
JP (1) JPS63362A (en)
DE (1) DE3614279A1 (en)

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US6455304B1 (en) * 1994-07-01 2002-09-24 The Board Of Regents Of The University Of Oklahoma Hyaluronate synthase gene and uses thereof
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US6312886B1 (en) 1996-12-06 2001-11-06 The Secretary Of State For Defence In Her Brittanic Majesty's Government Of The United Kingdom Of Great Britain And Northern Ireland Reaction vessels
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EP0424048A3 (en) * 1989-10-16 1991-10-23 Kerr-Mcgee Chemical Corporation Electrically conductive pigmentary composites

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EP0243830A3 (en) 1988-08-31
JPS63362A (en) 1988-01-05
US4780246A (en) 1988-10-25
DE3614279A1 (en) 1987-10-29

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