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EP0229793B1 - Method for operating an internal combustion engine - Google Patents

Method for operating an internal combustion engine Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0229793B1
EP0229793B1 EP86904141A EP86904141A EP0229793B1 EP 0229793 B1 EP0229793 B1 EP 0229793B1 EP 86904141 A EP86904141 A EP 86904141A EP 86904141 A EP86904141 A EP 86904141A EP 0229793 B1 EP0229793 B1 EP 0229793B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
coil
current
time
gas exchange
computer
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP86904141A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0229793A1 (en
Inventor
Andreas Fleck
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Cessione audi AG
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Individual
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Publication date
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Publication of EP0229793A1 publication Critical patent/EP0229793A1/en
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Publication of EP0229793B1 publication Critical patent/EP0229793B1/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L9/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements actuated non-mechanically
    • F01L9/20—Valve-gear or valve arrangements actuated non-mechanically by electric means

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for operating an internal combustion engine according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a method with which a generic internal combustion engine can be operated with the highest possible efficiency.
  • crankshaft angle-controlled system is characterized by good accuracy; it is superior to the time-controlled ignition systems which are simpler in structure.
  • the time-controlled systems determine the respective crankshaft angle position on the basis of a time base and the speed.
  • crankshaft angle-controlled system When transferring a crankshaft angle-controlled system to the arrangement for controlling the gas exchange valves in a generic internal combustion engine, however, it turns out that the accuracy inherent in the crankshaft angle-controlled system is not readily usable for compliance with the opening and closing times of the gas exchange valves.
  • a switch is made from a crankshaft angle-related system for determining opening and closing times for the gas exchange valves to a time-based one.
  • crankshaft angle information is evaluated at the same time in order to determine speed changes.
  • the figure shows the time course of the current flowing through the coil, in particular during the time of the position change of the gas exchange valve.
  • the armature of the gas exchange valve is in the vicinity of a coil through which current flows, the current flow through this coil exerting holding force on the armature of the gas exchange valve. If the current flow through the coil is switched off, the holding force breaks down.
  • a spring system acts on the gas exchange valve and accelerates it towards the other rest position. As described in DE-A-30 24 109, the central position of this spring system is between the two rest positions, so that the spring system acts on the gas exchange valve in such a way that it is moved approximately beyond its rest position into the other working position.
  • the coil assigned to the other working position is excited so that the armature, when it comes into the vicinity of the coil core, is caught by the latter and is held in its other working position by the current flow through the coil.
  • the current curve labeled coil 1 represents the current curve in the coil that is responsible for the closed position of the gas exchange valve. If the gas exchange valve is to open, the current through the coil 1 is switched off at time t, so that the armature is pressed into the open position of the gas exchange valve by the spring force.
  • the computer Since the computer has calculated the times beforehand, the computer knows at the same time when the armature of the gas exchange valve will hit the pole faces of the coil core, which serves to hold the gas exchange valve in the open position. In order to have built up a sufficiently high current when the armature strikes the pole faces, which ensures sufficient force to catch the armature, the current in the coil 2 is switched on in good time beforehand at a time t o . At time t 2 , the armature strikes the pole face of coil 2, which can be seen in the current profile by a corresponding small incision.
  • the time period between the times t and t 2 that is to say the flight phase of the gas exchange valve, in which the armature comes from the contact of one pole face to the other pole face, regardless of the crankshaft angle and regardless of the speed.
  • This time period t 2 -t l depends on the sticking time of the armature on the pole face before it is released and on the pure flight time, which is essentially influenced by the force of the springs which act on the gas exchange valve.
  • the computer is now switched over to a time base in order to, starting at time t 1 , at a time t 3 is slightly later than the expected time of impact, to switch off the capture current in coil 2, so that the current passing through the coil 2, due to a free-running circuit, gradually decreases again, in order to then go into a clocked hold phase.
  • the period between t 2 and t 3 is a certain safety space to guarantee that the gas exchange valve was actually caught by the coil 2 and the gas exchange valve is accordingly kept in its full open position.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Valve Device For Special Equipments (AREA)

Abstract

In the disclosed method, the two-way gas valves are maintained in an open or closed position by the injection of a current coming from electromagnets. The latter are controlled via a computer which is piloted as a function of the crankshaft angle and is switched to a delay during the operating phase of a valve.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Brennkraftmaschine gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1.The invention relates to a method for operating an internal combustion engine according to the preamble of claim 1.

Eine derartige Brennkraftmaschine ist in der DE-A-30 24 109 offenbart.Such an internal combustion engine is disclosed in DE-A-30 24 109.

Zur Funktionsfähigkeit und Optimierung einer derartigen Brennkraftmaschine ist es notwendig, die Öffnungs- und Schließzeitpunkte der Gaswechselventile möglichst genau festzulegen und einzuhalten.For the functionality and optimization of such an internal combustion engine, it is necessary to determine and adhere to the opening and closing times of the gas exchange valves as precisely as possible.

Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, ein Verfahren anzugeben, mit dem eine gattungsgemäße Brennkraftmaschine mit möglichst hohem Wirkungsgrad betrieben werden kann.The object of the invention is to provide a method with which a generic internal combustion engine can be operated with the highest possible efficiency.

Die Aufgabe wird gelöst durch die Maßnahmen nach Anspruch 1.The object is achieved by the measures according to claim 1.

Es sind Berechnungen von Zündzeitpunkten bekannt, bei denen mit Hilfe von Signalen, die an einem mit der Kurbelwelle synchron drehenden Bauteil abgenommen werden, Referenzimpulse zum Takten der Schaltung erzeugt werden. Da somit im Rechnersystem zu jedem Zeitpunkt die Information über die Stellung der Kurbelwelle vorliegt, kann auf die Drehzahlinformation zum Festlegen des Zeitpunktes verzichtet werden. Unberührt davon kann natürlich die Drehzahl als Parameter in den Berechnungsabläufen Eingang finden.Calculations of ignition times are known, in which reference pulses for clocking the circuit are generated with the aid of signals which are taken from a component which rotates synchronously with the crankshaft. Since the information about the position of the crankshaft is thus always available in the computer system, the speed information for determining the time can be dispensed with. Unaffected by this, the speed can of course be used as a parameter in the calculation processes.

Ein derartiges kurbelwellenwinkelgesteuertes System zeichnet sich durch eine gute Genauigkeit aus, es ist den vom Aufbau her einfacheren zeitgesteuerten Zündsystemen überlegen. Die zeitgesteuerten Systeme ermitteln aufgrund einer Zeitbasis und der Drehzahl die jeweilige Kurbelwellenwinkelstellung.Such a crankshaft angle-controlled system is characterized by good accuracy; it is superior to the time-controlled ignition systems which are simpler in structure. The time-controlled systems determine the respective crankshaft angle position on the basis of a time base and the speed.

Bei der Übertragung eines kurbelwellenwinkelgesteuerten Systems auf die Anordnung zur Ansteuerung der Gaswechselventile bei einer gattungsgemäßen Brennkraftmaschine stellt sich jedoch heraus, daß die den kurbelwellenwinkelgesteuertem System innewohnende Genauigkeit nicht ohne weiteres für die Einhaltung der Öffnungs- und Schließzeitpunkte der Gaswechselventile nutzbar ist.When transferring a crankshaft angle-controlled system to the arrangement for controlling the gas exchange valves in a generic internal combustion engine, however, it turns out that the accuracy inherent in the crankshaft angle-controlled system is not readily usable for compliance with the opening and closing times of the gas exchange valves.

Zur Überwindung dieser Schwierigkeiten wird vorgesehen, daß in bestimmten Betriebszuständen der gattungsgemäßen Brennkraftmaschine umgeschaltet wird von einem kurbelwellenwinkelbezogenen System zur Festlegung von Öffnungs-und Schließzeitpunkten für die Gaswechselventile auf ein zeitbasisbezogenes.To overcome these difficulties, it is provided that, in certain operating states of the generic internal combustion engine, a switch is made from a crankshaft angle-related system for determining opening and closing times for the gas exchange valves to a time-based one.

In einer bevorzugten Ausführung der Erfindung ist vorgesehen, daß während der Intervalle, während denen der Rechner über die Zeitbasis gesteuert wird, gleichzeitig die Kurbelwellenwinkelinformation ausgewertet wird, um Drehzahländerungen zu ermitteln.In a preferred embodiment of the invention it is provided that during the intervals during which the computer is controlled via the time base, the crankshaft angle information is evaluated at the same time in order to determine speed changes.

Im folgenden wird das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren anhand der Figur beschrieben.The method according to the invention is described below with reference to the figure.

Die Figur zeigt den zeitlichen Verlauf des durch die Spule fließenden Stromes, insbesondere während der Zeit des Stellungswechsels des Gaswechselventils.The figure shows the time course of the current flowing through the coil, in particular during the time of the position change of the gas exchange valve.

Solange das Gaswechselventil in seiner einen Ruhestellung, der Öffnungs- oder Schließstellung, verharrt, liegt der Anker des Gaswechselventils in der Nähe einer stromdurchflossenen Spule, wobei der Stromdurchfluß durch diese Spule Haltekraft auf den Anker das Gaswechselventils ausübt. Wird nun der Stromdurchfluß durch die Spule abgeschaltet, bricht die Haltekraft zusammen. Ein Federsystem wirkt auf das Gaswechselventil ein und beschleunigt es in Richtung der anderen Ruhestellung. Wie in der DE-A-30 24 109 beschrieben, ist die Mittellage dieses Federsystems zwischen den beiden Ruhestellungen, so daß das Federsystem das Gaswechselventil derart beaufschlagt, daß es über seine Ruhelage hinaus etwa bis in die andere Arbeitsstellung bewegt wird.As long as the gas exchange valve remains in its one rest position, the open or closed position, the armature of the gas exchange valve is in the vicinity of a coil through which current flows, the current flow through this coil exerting holding force on the armature of the gas exchange valve. If the current flow through the coil is switched off, the holding force breaks down. A spring system acts on the gas exchange valve and accelerates it towards the other rest position. As described in DE-A-30 24 109, the central position of this spring system is between the two rest positions, so that the spring system acts on the gas exchange valve in such a way that it is moved approximately beyond its rest position into the other working position.

Dabei ist die der anderen Arbeitsstellung zugeordnete Spule erregt, so daß der Anker, wenn er in die Nähe des Spulenkerns gerät, von diesem eingefangen wird und durch den Stromdurchfluß durch die Spule in seiner anderen Arbeitsstellung gehalten wird.The coil assigned to the other working position is excited so that the armature, when it comes into the vicinity of the coil core, is caught by the latter and is held in its other working position by the current flow through the coil.

Es sei nun angenommen, daß der mit Spule 1 bezeichnete Stromverlauf den Stromverlauf in der Spule wiedergibt, der für die Schließstellung des Gaswechselventils verantwortlich ist. Soll das Gaswechselventil öffnen, wird zum Zeitpunkt t, der Strom durch die Spule 1 abgeschaltet, so daß der Anker durch die Federkraft in die Öffnungsstellung des Gaswechselventils gedrückt wird.It is now assumed that the current curve labeled coil 1 represents the current curve in the coil that is responsible for the closed position of the gas exchange valve. If the gas exchange valve is to open, the current through the coil 1 is switched off at time t, so that the armature is pressed into the open position of the gas exchange valve by the spring force.

Da der Rechner den Zeitpunkte vorher berechnet hat, weiß der Rechner gleichzeitig, wann der Anker des Gaswechselventils an den Polflächen des Spulenkerns auftreffen wird, der dazu dient, das Gaswechselventil in der geöffneten Stellung zu halten. Um bei dem Auftreffen des Ankers auf den Polflächen einen genügend hohen Strom aufgebaut zu haben, der eine ausreichende Kraft zum Einfangen des Ankers sicherstellt, wird rechtzeitig vorher zu einem Zeitpunkt to der Strom in der Spule 2 eingeschaltet. Zum Zeitpunkt t2 trifft der Anker auf der Polfläche der Spule 2 auf, was im Stromverlauf durch einen entsprechenden kleinen Einschnitt erkennbar ist.Since the computer has calculated the times beforehand, the computer knows at the same time when the armature of the gas exchange valve will hit the pole faces of the coil core, which serves to hold the gas exchange valve in the open position. In order to have built up a sufficiently high current when the armature strikes the pole faces, which ensures sufficient force to catch the armature, the current in the coil 2 is switched on in good time beforehand at a time t o . At time t 2 , the armature strikes the pole face of coil 2, which can be seen in the current profile by a corresponding small incision.

Während die Zeitpunkte to, zu denen der Stromanstieg eingeleitet wird, und der Zeitpunkt tj, zu dem die Spule 1 abschaltet, über den Kurbelwellenwinkel gesteuert werden, ist der Zeitraum zwischen den Zeitpunkten t, und t2, also die Flugphase des Gaswechselventils, in der der Anker von der Berührung der einen Polfläche zur Berührung der anderen Polfläche kommt, unabhängig vom Kurbelwellenwinkel und unabhängig von der Drehzahl. Dieser Zeitraum t2-tl hängt ab von der Klebzeit des Ankers an der Polfläche, bevor es sich löst, und von der reinen Flugzeit, die im wesentlichen beeinflußt wird von der Kraft der Federn, die auf das Gaswechselventil einwirken.While the times t o at which the current rise is initiated and the time t j at which the coil 1 switches off are controlled via the crankshaft angle, the time period between the times t and t 2 , that is to say the flight phase of the gas exchange valve, in which the armature comes from the contact of one pole face to the other pole face, regardless of the crankshaft angle and regardless of the speed. This time period t 2 -t l depends on the sticking time of the armature on the pole face before it is released and on the pure flight time, which is essentially influenced by the force of the springs which act on the gas exchange valve.

Erfindungsgemäß wird nun der Rechner auf eine Zeitbasis umgeschaltet, um, beginnend mit dem Zeitpunkt t,, zu einem Zeitpunkt t3, der zeitlich etwas später als der erwartete Auftreffzeitpunkt liegt, den Fangstrom in Spule 2 abzuschalten, so daß der durch die Spule 2 verlaufende Strom, bedingt durch eine Freilaufschaltung, allmählich wieder abnimmt, um anschließend in eine getaktete Haltephase zu gehen.According to the invention, the computer is now switched over to a time base in order to, starting at time t 1 , at a time t 3 is slightly later than the expected time of impact, to switch off the capture current in coil 2, so that the current passing through the coil 2, due to a free-running circuit, gradually decreases again, in order to then go into a clocked hold phase.

Der Zeitraum zwischen t2 und t3 ist dabei ein gewisser Sicherheitsraum, um zu garantieren, daß das Gaswechselventil von der Spule 2 auch tatsächlich eingefangen wurde und das Gaswechselventil dementsprechend in seiner vollen Öffnungsstellung gehalten wird.The period between t 2 and t 3 is a certain safety space to guarantee that the gas exchange valve was actually caught by the coil 2 and the gas exchange valve is accordingly kept in its full open position.

Zum Zeitpunkt t3 wird wieder auf Kurbelwelleninformation umgeschaltet, da jetzt das Ende der getakteten Haltephase, das dem Zeitpunkt t, der Spule 1 entspricht, möglichst genau, abhängig von der Kurbelwellenstel'lung festgelegt werden soll, um den Wirkungsgrad der Brennkraftmaschine zu optimieren.At time t 3 , the system switches back to crankshaft information, since the end of the clocked holding phase, which corresponds to time t, of coil 1, should now be determined as precisely as possible, depending on the crankshaft position, in order to optimize the efficiency of the internal combustion engine.

Claims (2)

1. Method for operating an internal combustion engine, having a gas exchange valve which is held in its open positon by energising a first magnet coil, is held in its closed position by energising a second magnet coil, and which is moved, subjected to elastic force, from the open position to the closed position by switching off the first magnet coil and from the closed position to the open position by switching off the second coil, characterised in that
a) a computer is used to fix the point at which the current to the releasing coil is switched off and current to the capturing coil is switched on,
b) up to the point at which the releasing coil is de-energised, operation of the computer to supply current to the coil is crankshaft-angle controlled in per se known manner,
c) and at least during the period from when the current is switched off in the releasing coil until the armature hits the pole faces of the capturing coil, the energisation of the capturing coil is time-controlled.
2. Method according to Claim 1, characterised in that during the time-based control of the computer, the crankshaft angle information is evaluated in order to detect changes in speed.
EP86904141A 1985-07-05 1986-06-25 Method for operating an internal combustion engine Expired EP0229793B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19853524025 DE3524025A1 (en) 1985-07-05 1985-07-05 METHOD FOR OPERATING AN INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE
DE3524025 1985-07-05

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0229793A1 EP0229793A1 (en) 1987-07-29
EP0229793B1 true EP0229793B1 (en) 1988-08-17

Family

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EP86904141A Expired EP0229793B1 (en) 1985-07-05 1986-06-25 Method for operating an internal combustion engine

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EP (1) EP0229793B1 (en)
JP (1) JPH07111127B2 (en)
DE (2) DE3524025A1 (en)
WO (1) WO1987000240A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ES2018226B3 (en) * 1986-10-13 1991-04-01 Audi Ag PROCEDURE FOR THE WORK OF AN INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE
JPH0617642B2 (en) * 1988-10-31 1994-03-09 いすゞ自動車株式会社 Electromagnetically driven valve controller
JPH0635812B2 (en) * 1988-10-31 1994-05-11 いすゞ自動車株式会社 Electromagnetically driven valve controller
DE3923477A1 (en) * 1989-07-15 1991-01-24 Fev Motorentech Gmbh & Co Kg METHOD FOR CONTROLLING THE ANCHOR MOTION OF SHIFTING MAGNETS
JPH04259614A (en) * 1991-02-12 1992-09-16 Hideo Yoshikawa Valve system of internal combustion engine
DE19741570A1 (en) * 1997-09-20 1999-03-25 Heinz Leiber Electromagnetic actuator for controlling valve
DE19756342C2 (en) * 1997-12-18 2003-02-13 Conti Temic Microelectronic Method for controlling an internal combustion engine
JP3487216B2 (en) 1999-05-11 2004-01-13 トヨタ自動車株式会社 Solenoid driven valve
US6405693B2 (en) * 2000-02-28 2002-06-18 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Internal combustion engine and method for controlling valve of internal combustion engine

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1471861A (en) * 1921-09-07 1923-10-23 Perrault Oscar Louis Valve-actuating mechanism for internal-combustion engines
DE2343905C2 (en) * 1973-08-31 1982-10-07 Daimler-Benz Ag, 7000 Stuttgart Device for digital-electronic control of the inlet, outlet and injection valves as well as the ignition in internal combustion engines
JPS5952111B2 (en) * 1976-04-09 1984-12-18 キユーピー株式会社 Quantitative filling device
DE2630512A1 (en) * 1976-07-07 1978-01-12 Daimler Benz Ag Valve control gear for IC engine - has two electromagnets and one armature acting as stops operating at either end position of valve
DE2828678A1 (en) * 1978-06-30 1980-04-17 Bosch Gmbh Robert METHOD AND DEVICE FOR OPERATING AN ELECTROMAGNETIC CONSUMER, IN PARTICULAR AN INJECTION VALVE IN INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
DE3024109A1 (en) * 1980-06-27 1982-01-21 Pischinger, Franz, Prof. Dipl.-Ing. Dr.Techn., 5100 Aachen ELECTROMAGNETIC OPERATING DEVICE
JPS59162312A (en) * 1983-03-08 1984-09-13 Mikuni Kogyo Co Ltd electronically controlled engine

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO1987000240A1 (en) 1987-01-15
JPS62503182A (en) 1987-12-17
DE3660558D1 (en) 1988-09-22
EP0229793A1 (en) 1987-07-29
JPH07111127B2 (en) 1995-11-29
DE3524025A1 (en) 1987-01-15

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