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EP0216825A1 - Extensible construction. - Google Patents

Extensible construction.

Info

Publication number
EP0216825A1
EP0216825A1 EP86901762A EP86901762A EP0216825A1 EP 0216825 A1 EP0216825 A1 EP 0216825A1 EP 86901762 A EP86901762 A EP 86901762A EP 86901762 A EP86901762 A EP 86901762A EP 0216825 A1 EP0216825 A1 EP 0216825A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
construction
construction according
deployment
frames
elements
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP86901762A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0216825B1 (en
Inventor
Potter D Indoye Eric Anne-H De
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
POTTER D INDOYE ERIC ANNE HENR
Original Assignee
POTTER D INDOYE ERIC ANNE HENR
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from BE0/214798A external-priority patent/BE902125A/en
Application filed by POTTER D INDOYE ERIC ANNE HENR filed Critical POTTER D INDOYE ERIC ANNE HENR
Priority to AT86901762T priority Critical patent/ATE47739T1/en
Publication of EP0216825A1 publication Critical patent/EP0216825A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0216825B1 publication Critical patent/EP0216825B1/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/343—Structures characterised by movable, separable, or collapsible parts, e.g. for transport
    • E04B1/344—Structures characterised by movable, separable, or collapsible parts, e.g. for transport with hinged parts
    • E04B1/3442—Structures characterised by movable, separable, or collapsible parts, e.g. for transport with hinged parts folding out from a core cell
    • E04B1/3444—Structures characterised by movable, separable, or collapsible parts, e.g. for transport with hinged parts folding out from a core cell with only lateral unfolding

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an expandable construction.
  • the invention provides a new solution to these problems, by providing an extensible construction comprising prefabricated elements capable of being at will, either brought close to one another to make the construction more compact, for example for its transport, or separated from one another. others in the position of use to then create between them premises usable for residential and other purposes, characterized in that it comprises, to join these elements together, connecting members fixed to said elements by articulations, which will put the construction in the position of use eh exerting on an extreme element a force which is reflected from one element to the next through the joints that link them together, while the delivery of the construction to the 'compact state is obtained by the application to the extreme element of a force acting in the direction of the bringing together of the elements.
  • the construction comprises two deployable accordion systems, the first system constituting a superstructure formed of upper elements which, by their deployment, will give rise to the formation of juxtaposed premises, aligned one after the other others in the direction of deployment of the construction, and the second system being a system of articulated beams constituting an infrastructure suitable for carrying the upper elements before, during and after their deployment.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the infrastructure used to support the construction, during deployment;
  • - Figure 4 is a partial sectional view along lines IV-IV of fig ⁇ re 1, of the lower part of the box in the folded-up state of the construction;
  • - Figure 5 is a detail view of a device for upgrading the infrastructure;
  • FIG. 6 is a perspective view of the infrastructure being deployed, in a first embodiment
  • - Figure 7 is an elevational view corresponding to Figure 6;
  • - Figure 8 is also an elevational view of Figure 6, but considered during the fall of the construction;
  • - Figure 9 is a detail view of part of Figure 6;
  • - Figure 10 is a perspective view of a clip of the compensation cable shown in Figure 7;
  • - Figure 11 is an end view of Figure 10, along arrow f of this; figure;
  • FIG. 12 is a sectional view along line XII-XII of Figure 8.
  • FIGS. 13 and 14 are schematic representations of the two forms of wiring of the compensating cable shown in Figure 7;
  • FIGS. 19 to 24 are sketches showing in perspective other embodiments of the invention.
  • the construction comprises two deployable accordion systems, the first system constituting a superstructure formed of upper elements which, by their deployment, will give rise to the formation of juxtaposed premises, aligned one with the other. following the others in the direction of deployment of the construction, while the second system is a system of articulated beams constituting an infrastructure to serve as support for the upper elements of the construction.
  • the two systems in the folded state, find place in a box 1 with the conventional dimensions of a container. It has, on one of its vertical faces, an opening 2 (closed by a cover 3 which will be discussed later ) and which will give access to all the parts of the construction which, at the start, are enclosed in this box.
  • the box carries, at its four corners, jacks such as 4, independently adjustable, which allow it to be given a horizontal position on a terrain of varied profile.
  • jacks such as 4, independently adjustable, which allow it to be given a horizontal position on a terrain of varied profile.
  • This bottom carries, in the vicinity of its ends, two fixed rails 6 and 7, directed perpendicular to the open face 2.
  • These rails constitute a first part of the infrastructure 8.
  • the infrastructure 8 consists of sleepers such as 9, 10 , 11 ... constantly parallel to each other, and lateral rails each composed of a pair of beams 12,13, respectively 14,15, articulated to each other by one of their ends, as visible in 16 and 17 in FIG. 1, the other ends of these beams being hinged to cross members 9.10.
  • the beams 12, 13 and 14,15 are placed, during the deployment of the construction, in the extension of the fixed rails 6 and 7.
  • the infrastructure thus consists of a series of successive cells, the first being a rectangular cell of shorter length, contained in the box 1, where it is limited at the rear by the wall 18 of the box and at the front by the cross-member 9.
  • the other cells, such as 19.20 follow one another in the same plane s' extending in the direction of construction deployment.
  • the cell 19 is shown as fully deployed and it is provided with tie rods 21 and 22 intended to stiffen it.
  • the cell 20 which comprises the crosspieces 10 and 11 also comprises articulated rails 23-24 and 25-26, as has already been observed.
  • the sleepers and the rails folded against each other form a package 27 carried by a sled 28.
  • the sled 28 has been shown entirely only outside the construction, but, to allow a better understanding of the invention, there is also shown at 27, in front of the wall 18, the bundle of rails and sleepers as it appears immediately before deployment.
  • the construction comprising the sled 28 and the bundle of sleepers and rails 27 is housed between the rails 6 and 7.
  • the rail 14 comes 9 as shown in FIG. 2, in extension of the rail 6, having the same direction and the same upper level as this.
  • the fold in which the upper level of the rails is placed well above the level of the bottom 5, is nevertheless possible due to the particular mode of articulation of the rails 6 and 14, as seen in Figure 2.
  • the end rail 14 actually has a tab 29 articulated at 30 to the end of the cross-member 9.
  • the rail 14 is indented at its lower part and it is limited in this place by a curved part 31 functioning like a cam on the edge of the bottom 5 of the box .
  • the level of the upper face of the rail 14 is raised, during folding, relative to the level of the upper face of the rail 6, which makes it possible to have all of the folded movable rails, and of the crosspieces , between the rails 6 and 7.
  • a similar arrangement is present at the other end of the cross-member 9.
  • the articulation of the movable rails such as 15, 25 and of the crosspiece 10 between them is also done by means of lugs such as 35 (connected to rail 15) and 36 (connected to rail 24).
  • the legs 35 and 36 are hinged to each other at 37.
  • the infrastructure is completed by extendable devices such as 38, 39, 40, 41 ...
  • These devices ( Figure 5) in principle each have two arms 42,43 articulated at 44 to a shoe 45 and also connected to an articulation point 48 on a fixed base 49 by arms 46,47.
  • the base is crossed by two lead screws 50 and 51, the ends of which are mounted in fixed supports 54, 55 and whose threads are arranged in opposite directions and on which carriages move 52, 53 connected by points of articulation.
  • a crank 58 makes it possible to rotate the screws 50.51 (by an obvious mechanism not shown) and, consequently, to bring together or move away from one another the ends of the arms 42,43. This results in a variation in the height of the rail (for example 15) relative to the ground on which the shoe 45 rests.
  • the infrastructure is first deployed by means of a traction exerted on the cable 59 which transmits this force, by the cables 60 and 61, to the sled 28.
  • This sled loaded with the package 27 of the sleepers and rails, then extracts the infrastructure from the box 1 and successively deploys the various cells 19, 20 ... of the infrastructure.
  • the leveling thereof is done gradually using supports 38, 39, 40, 41 and the like, and there is then a flat and firm seat for the superstructure to be described below.
  • the construction is folded back by bringing the sled 28 closer to the box 1, by pulling on cables 62, 63 attached to the sled 28.
  • the superstructure which constitutes the essential part of the construction according to the invention consists, in main order, of successive panels parallel to each other and perpendicular to the direction of deployment of the construction. These panels are seen in vertical section in FIG. 9 where they are indicated by 64,65,66 for successive elements 67, 68, 69 ... At the periphery of these panels are fixed frames each composed of two crosspieces, one upper 70, the other lower 71 (for element 68 which will be described alone, the others being identical), and two amounts of which only the posterior amount 72 appears in FIG. 9 (for element 68).
  • the uprights of the frames also carry rails such as 79 (on element 68) and 80 (on element 69), the use of which will be explained below.
  • successive elements such as 67,68,69 carry hooks (articulated at the ends of the crosspieces) such as 81,82,83,84 hanging on pegs (not shown) from neighboring elements, and which hold them tight against each other in the folded position of the construction, and that rods (such as 85.86 ...) connect to the articulation members of the construction, so that during deployment, these hooks are raised one after the other and release the successive elements 67,68,69 by allowing them to move away from each other.
  • the elements of the superstructure further comprise articulation members connecting them to each other.
  • the various construction premises extend step by step, the deployment of any one of them starting when the deployment of the previous one (closer to the point of application of the traction) has taken place.
  • the parts hinged together are shutters which can be either for each room, its only floor, or its floor and its ceiling (case of Figures 6,7,8,9 and Figures 15,16,17,18 in a second embodiment), or side walls of the premises (as in FIG. 20).
  • the floor of a room limited by elements 68, 69 is indicated by 87 and the ceiling is indicated by 88.
  • the floor 87 is articulated by its lower edge (at 89) to the lower cross member 90 of element 69 of the construction (see figure 9). It has at the ends of its opposite edge, at 91.92, rollers of which only one, 91, is visible in FIG. 9. This roller rolls in the rail 79 of the upright (posterior, here) of the element 68 At each of its lateral edges, the floor panel 87 has a lateral arm such as 93 (FIGS.
  • the panel 88 called to form the ceiling of the room limited by the elements 68 and 69 is articulated by one of its edges, at 94, to the upper cross-member 70 of the frame of the element 68 and it carries, at the ends of the opposite horizontal edge of the panel 88, rollers such as 95 (only one of these rollers being visible), rolling freely in the rail 8 0 of the element 69.
  • a lateral arm 97 plays the same role as the arm 93 of the floor. It is understood that when the elements 68 and 69 deviate from one another during the deployment of the construction, the floor, rotating around the joint 89, and the ceiling, rotating around the joint 94, come take their normal place and thus limit the extension of the corresponding room.
  • the edges of the floor panels 87 and ceiling 88, carrying the respective rollers 91, 95 are connected together, at the front and at the rear of the construction, each time by a compensating cable such as 98. This cable can be mounted in two ways (figure 13 and figure 14). In FIG.
  • the cable 98 passes over two return pulleys 99 and 100 rotating around axes mounted in the upper crosspieces of the frames of the elements 68, 69 limiting the room being deployed.
  • the cable 98 is returned to the pulley 91 of the floor 87 and fixed by its end (at 101) to the upper cross member of the corresponding frame.
  • the cable passes over a pulley 102 mounted on the edge of the panel 88 at the point of articulation of the lateral lever 97.
  • the arrangement of the compensating cables is protected by removable roofs such as 96 (FIGS. 10 and 11).
  • Figures 15, 16, 17 and 18 show, in views similar to those of Figures 6, 7, 8 and 9, another embodiment of the invention, for making larger premises.
  • the floor of the room then consists of two panels 117, 118 hinged to each other along their upper edges (at 119) and articulated by their other edges 120, 121 (see FIG. 16) to the lower crosspieces of the two frames ( here 122,123) which limit the room considered.
  • the ceiling is, in such an arrangement, made up of two panels 124, 125 articulated to each other by their edges at the apex 126 marked by a ridge piece, the opposite edges of said panels carrying rollers 127, 128 capable of rolling freely in rails.
  • 129,130 ( Figure 18) carried by the amounts 131,132 of two opposite frames 123,122.
  • the compensation cable 133 connecting floor and ceiling passes over pulleys 134,135,136,137 mounted on axes parallel to the edges of the corresponding panels, and over a pulley ridge 138 likewise mounted on one of the floor panels.
  • the midpoints of the edges of the ceiling panels are connected to articulation, each by at least one telescopic arm 139,140, to the upper crosspieces of the frames 122,123 limiting the room.
  • FIGS. 15 to 16 17, 18 schematically show various forms of construction as a variant of the previous ones.
  • the system of floor and ceiling panels is inverted with respect to that of FIGS. 15, 16, 17, 18, that is to say that the vertices of the angles formed by the respective panels point here in opposite directions to each other.
  • the side walls 141, 142 of the construction serve as connecting members articulated to opposite elements or frames 143, 144.
  • Figures 21, 22 and 23 the extension of the construction takes place in the vertical direction along arrows f2, f3, f4.
  • Figure 21 reproduces, after rotation of 90 °, the arrangement of panels of Figure 19.
  • the front side wall 145 is articulated by one of its edges to the floor 146 of the room, and by its other edge, can slide at 147 along the ceiling panel 148 of this construction. The opposite takes place for the other side wall 149.
  • the operation of the deployment is highlighted by arrows f6, f7, f8, f9.
  • the floor 150 and the ceiling 151 of a room approach or move away from each other by the play of a system of articulated panels functioning exactly like the floor panels. and ceiling of FIG. 6, and side bars 152,153.
  • the walls provided with doors and windows, such as 154, are, when folded back, folded down parallel to the floor 150.
  • FIG. 24 which relates to a succession of premises 155, 156 157 separated by partitions such as 158, 159 ..., the floor consists of successive sections 160, 161,162 and the ceiling consists of successive sections 163,164,165. When folded down, the ceilings 163, 164, 165 are offset from the floors 160, 161, 162.
  • the ceiling panels are connected to each other along their upper edges such as 166, 167.
  • the various ceilings rise and come opposite the neighboring floors, that is to say that the ceiling 163 which was superimposed on the floor 161 now comes opposite the floor 160, the ceiling 164 which was superimposed on the floor 162 now comes to be placed above the floor 161, etc.
  • the partitions 158,159 straighten out, being guided by lateral arms such as 168,169 articulated to the ceiling elements and sliding in a side rail 170 of all the floors.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Tents Or Canopies (AREA)
  • Conveying And Assembling Of Building Elements In Situ (AREA)

Abstract

Construction extensible comprenant des éléments préfabriqués (68, 69) susceptibles d'être à volonté soit rapprochés les uns des autres pour rendre la construction plus compacte, par exemple pour son transport, soit écartés les uns des autres en position d'utilisation pour créer alors entre eux des locaux utilisables à des fins d'habitation et autres. La construction extensible comprend un caisson (1) capable de contenir les éléments préfabriqués (68, 69) de la construction lorsqu'ils sont rapprochés les uns des autres. Les éléments préfabriqués (68, 69) sont reliés entre eux par des organes de liaison (87, 88) fixés à ces éléments (68, 69) par des articulations. Pour mettre la construction en position d'utilisation, on déploie les éléments préfabriqués à la façon d'un accordéon, en exerçant sur un élément préfabriqué extrême une force qui se répercute d'un élément au suivant par l'intermédiaire des articulations qui les lient entre eux, de sorte que le déploiement de la construction s'effectue pas à pas, chaque local étant déployé à la suite du déploiement du local précédent.Expandable construction comprising prefabricated elements (68, 69) capable of being at will either brought together to make the construction more compact, for example for its transport, or separated from each other in position of use to create then between them spaces usable for housing and other purposes. The expandable construction includes a box (1) capable of containing the prefabricated elements (68, 69) of the construction when brought together. The prefabricated elements (68, 69) are interconnected by connecting members (87, 88) fixed to these elements (68, 69) by articulations. To put the construction in the position of use, the prefabricated elements are deployed like an accordion, by exerting on an extreme prefabricated element a force which is reflected from one element to the next through the articulations which bind them. between them, so that the construction deployment is carried out step by step, each room being deployed following the deployment of the previous room.

Description

CONSTRUCTION EXTENSIBLE EXTENSIBLE CONSTRUCTION
L'invention concerne une construction extensible.The invention relates to an expandable construction.
Des constructions extensibles, destinées à être transportées sous un volume réduit et à être déployées pour leur utilisation en leur lieu de destination, sont connues sous plusieurs formes depuis longtemps. Elles ont cependant acquis actuellement une importance croissante, notamment du fait des cataclysmes naturels survenus de plus en plus fréquemment ces dernières années , et qui exigent un transport commode et une installation rapide d'hôpitaux et autres locaux médicaux de fortune, de magasins, d'ateliers, etc. Les constructions connues de ce genre étaient jusqu'à présent prévues en général pour être transportées sur roues et se présentaient généralement comme des roulottes pourvues de moyens nécessaires pour en augmenter le volume au moment de leur installation. Cependant, les besoins actuels en la matière sont d'une nature telle que les constructions connues n'y satisfont pas. Il faut, en fait, disposer de constructions facilement transportables par des moyens modernes rapides, notamment par avion, et dont le déploiement puisse être effectué le plus rapidement possible sans nécessiter des moyens spéciaux ni des compétences particulières. Le volume final d'une cons truction extensible doit, aussi, être aussi grand que possible, notamment lorsque ces constructions doivent servir d'abris pour des populations sinistrées.Extensible constructions, intended to be transported in a reduced volume and to be deployed for their use at their place of destination, have been known in several forms for a long time. However, they have now acquired an increasing importance, in particular because of the natural cataclysms which have occurred more and more frequently in recent years, and which require convenient transport and rapid installation of hospitals and other makeshift medical premises, shops, workshops, etc. Known constructions of this kind have hitherto been generally intended to be transported on wheels and have generally appeared as trailers provided with means necessary to increase the volume thereof at the time of their installation. However, current needs in this area are of such a nature that known constructions do not meet them. It is, in fact, necessary to have constructions easily transportable by modern rapid means, in particular by plane, and the deployment of which can be carried out as quickly as possible without requiring special means or particular skills. The final volume of a cons Extensible truction must also be as large as possible, especially when these constructions are to serve as shelters for disaster victims.
L'invention apporte une solution nouvelle à ces problèmes, en prévoyant une construction extensible comprenant des éléments préfabriqués susceptibles d'être à volonté, soit rapprochés les uns des autres pour rendre la construction plus compacte, par exemple pour son transport, soit écartés les uns des autrès en position d'utilisation pour créer alors entre eux des locaux utilisables à des fins d'habitation et autres, caractérisée en ce qu'elle comporte, pour réunir ces éléments entre eux, des organes de liaison fixés auxdits éléments par des articulations, ce qui permettra de mettre la construction en position d'utilisation eh exerçant sur un élément extrême une force qui se répercute d'un élément au suivant par l'intermédiaire des articulations qui les lient entre eux, tandis que la remise de la construction à l'état compact s'olbtient par l'application à l'élément extrême d'une force agissant dans le sens du rapprochement des éléments.The invention provides a new solution to these problems, by providing an extensible construction comprising prefabricated elements capable of being at will, either brought close to one another to make the construction more compact, for example for its transport, or separated from one another. others in the position of use to then create between them premises usable for residential and other purposes, characterized in that it comprises, to join these elements together, connecting members fixed to said elements by articulations, which will put the construction in the position of use eh exerting on an extreme element a force which is reflected from one element to the next through the joints that link them together, while the delivery of the construction to the 'compact state is obtained by the application to the extreme element of a force acting in the direction of the bringing together of the elements.
Suivant une disposition préférée de l'invention, la construction comprend deux systèmes déployables en accordéon, le premier système constituant une superstructure formée d'éléments supérieurs qui, par leur déploiement, donneront lieu à la formation de locaux juxtaposés ,alignés les uns à la suite des autres dans la direction de déploiement de la construction, et le deuxième système étant un système de poutres articulées constituant une infrastructure propre à porter les éléments supérieurs avant, pendant et après leur déploiement.According to a preferred arrangement of the invention, the construction comprises two deployable accordion systems, the first system constituting a superstructure formed of upper elements which, by their deployment, will give rise to the formation of juxtaposed premises, aligned one after the other others in the direction of deployment of the construction, and the second system being a system of articulated beams constituting an infrastructure suitable for carrying the upper elements before, during and after their deployment.
On décrira l'invention ci-après dans plusieurs formes de réalisation données à titre d'exemples, en s'aidant des dessins ci-annexés sur lesquels : - la figure 1 est une vue en perspective de l'infrastructure servant de support à la construction, en cours de déploiement ;The invention will be described below in several embodiments given by way of examples, with the aid of the attached drawings in which: - Figure 1 is a perspective view of the infrastructure used to support the construction, during deployment;
- la figure 2 et la figure 3 montrent des détails de la figure 1 ;- Figure 2 and Figure 3 show details of Figure 1;
- la figure 4 est une vue en coupe partielle suivant les lignes IV-IV de la figβre 1, de la partie inférieure du caisson dans l'état de repli de la construction ; - la figure 5 est une vue de détail d'un dispositif de mise à niveau de l'infrastructure ;- Figure 4 is a partial sectional view along lines IV-IV of figβre 1, of the lower part of the box in the folded-up state of the construction; - Figure 5 is a detail view of a device for upgrading the infrastructure;
- la figure 6 est une vue en perspective de l'infrastructure en voie de déploiement, dans une première forme de réalisation ; - la figure 7 est une vue en élévation correspondant à la figure 6 ;- Figure 6 is a perspective view of the infrastructure being deployed, in a first embodiment; - Figure 7 is an elevational view corresponding to Figure 6;
- la figure 8 est également une vue en élévation de la figure 6, mais considérée au cours du repli de la construction ; - la figure 9 est une vue de détail d'une partie de la figure 6 ; - la figure 10 est une vue en perspective d'une attache du câble de compensation représenté à la figure 7 ; - la figure 11 est une vue en bout de la figure 10, suivant la flèche f de cette; figure ;- Figure 8 is also an elevational view of Figure 6, but considered during the fall of the construction; - Figure 9 is a detail view of part of Figure 6; - Figure 10 is a perspective view of a clip of the compensation cable shown in Figure 7; - Figure 11 is an end view of Figure 10, along arrow f of this; figure;
- la figure 12 est une vue en coupe suivant la ligne XII-XII de la figure 8 ;- Figure 12 is a sectional view along line XII-XII of Figure 8;
- les figures 13 et 14 sont des représentations schématiques des deux formes de câblage du câble compensateur représenté à la figure 7 ;- Figures 13 and 14 are schematic representations of the two forms of wiring of the compensating cable shown in Figure 7;
- les figures 15, 16, 17 et 18 sont des représentations d'une deuxième forme de réalisation de l'invention et elles sont analogues aux figures 6, 7, 8 et 9 de la première forme de réalisation décrite auparavant ; -les figures 19 à 24 sont des croquis représentant en perspective d'autres formes de réalisation de l'invention.- Figures 15, 16, 17 and 18 are representations of a second embodiment of the invention and they are similar to Figures 6, 7, 8 and 9 of the first embodiment described above; FIGS. 19 to 24 are sketches showing in perspective other embodiments of the invention.
Dans la forme de réalisation qui va être décrite maintenant, la construction comprend deux systèmes déployables en accordéon, le premier système constituant une superstructure formée d'éléments supérieurs qui, par leur déploiement, donneront lieu à la formation de locaux juxtaposés, alignés les uns à la suite des autres dans la direction de déploiement de la construction, tandis que le deuxième système est un système de poutres articulées constituant une infrastructure pour servir de support aux éléments supérieurs de la construction. Les deux systèmes, à l'état replié, trouvent place dans un caisson 1 aux dimensions classiques d'un conteneur.Il présente, sur l'une de ses faces verticales, une ouverture 2 (fermée par un couvercle 3 dont il sera question ultérieurement) et qui donnera accès à toutes les parties de la construction qui, au départ, sont enfermées dans ce caisson . Le caisson porte, à ses quatre coins, des vérins tels que 4, indépendamment réglables, qui permettent de lui donner une position horizontale sur un terrain de profil varié. On a désigné par 5 ce que l'on appellera le fond du caisson . Ce fond porte, au voisinage de ses extrémités, deux rails fixes 6 et 7, dirigés perpendiculairement à la face ouverte 2. Ces rails constituent une première partie de l'infrastructure 8. L'infrastructure 8 se compose de traverses telles que 9, 10, 11 ... constamment parallèles entre elles, et de rails latéraux composés chacun d'une paire de poutres 12,13, respectivement 14,15, articulées l'une à l'autre par une de leurs extrémités, comme visible en 16 et 17 sur la figure 1 , les autres extrémités de ces poutres étant articulées aux traverses 9,10. Les poutres 12, 13 et 14,15 se placent, lors du déploiement de la construction, dans le prolongement des rails fixes 6 et 7. L'infrastructure se compose ainsi d'une série de cellules successives, la première étant une cellule rectangulaire de moindre longueur, contenue dans le caisson 1, où elle est limitée à l'arrière par la paroi 18 du caisson et à l'avant par la traverse 9. Les autres cellules, telles que 19,20 se succèdent dans un même plan s'étendant dans la direction de déploiement de la construction. La cellule 19 est représentée comme complètement déployée et elle est munie de tirants 21 et 22 destinés à la raidir. La cellule 20 qui comprend les traverses 10 et 11 comprend aussi des rail 23-24 et 25-26 articulés, ainsi qu'on l'a déjà observé. Avant le déploiement de l'infrastructure, les traverses et les rails repliés l'un contre l'autre forment un paquet 27 porté par un traîneau 28. Le traîneau 28 n'a été représenté entièrement qu'à l'extérieur de la construction, mais, pour permettre une meilleure compréhension de l'invention, on a représenté encore en 27, devant la paroi 18, le paquet de rails et de traverses tel qu'il se présente immédiatement avant le déploiement. A l'état replié, la construction comprenant le traîneau 28 et le paquet de traverses et de rails 27, est logée entre les rails 6 et 7. Dans le déploiement, le rail 14 vient9 comme le montre la figure 2, en prolongement du rail 6, ayant même direction et même niveau supérieur que celui-ci. Le repli dans lequel le niveau supérieur des rails est placé bien au-dessus du niveau du fond 5 , est néanmoins possible en raison du mode particulier d'articulation des rails 6 et 14, comme on le voit sur la figure 2. L' extrémité du rail 14 présente en fait une patte 29 articulée en 30 à l'extrémité de la traverse 9. D'autre part, le rail 14 est échancré à sa partie inférieure et il est limité en cet endroit par une partie courbe 31 fonctionnant à la façon d'une came sur le rebord du fond 5 du caisson.Grâce à cette disposition, le niveau de la face supérieure du rail 14 est relevé, lors du repli, par rapport au niveau de la face supérieure du rail 6, ce qui permet de disposer l'ensemble des rails mobiles repliés, et des traverses, entre les rails 6 et 7. Une disposition analogue se présente à l'autre extrémité de la traverse 9. On a désigné par 32 un taquet d'arrêt et par 33 et 34 des câbles reliés à la traverse 9 et, par leur autre extrémité, à la paroi 18 du caisson , opposée à sa paroi 3, les câbles 33 et 34 limitant l'amplitude du déplacement de la traverse 9 au cours du déploiement.In the embodiment which will now be described, the construction comprises two deployable accordion systems, the first system constituting a superstructure formed of upper elements which, by their deployment, will give rise to the formation of juxtaposed premises, aligned one with the other. following the others in the direction of deployment of the construction, while the second system is a system of articulated beams constituting an infrastructure to serve as support for the upper elements of the construction. The two systems, in the folded state, find place in a box 1 with the conventional dimensions of a container. It has, on one of its vertical faces, an opening 2 (closed by a cover 3 which will be discussed later ) and which will give access to all the parts of the construction which, at the start, are enclosed in this box. The box carries, at its four corners, jacks such as 4, independently adjustable, which allow it to be given a horizontal position on a terrain of varied profile. We designated by 5 what we will call the bottom of the box. This bottom carries, in the vicinity of its ends, two fixed rails 6 and 7, directed perpendicular to the open face 2. These rails constitute a first part of the infrastructure 8. The infrastructure 8 consists of sleepers such as 9, 10 , 11 ... constantly parallel to each other, and lateral rails each composed of a pair of beams 12,13, respectively 14,15, articulated to each other by one of their ends, as visible in 16 and 17 in FIG. 1, the other ends of these beams being hinged to cross members 9.10. The beams 12, 13 and 14,15 are placed, during the deployment of the construction, in the extension of the fixed rails 6 and 7. The infrastructure thus consists of a series of successive cells, the first being a rectangular cell of shorter length, contained in the box 1, where it is limited at the rear by the wall 18 of the box and at the front by the cross-member 9. The other cells, such as 19.20 follow one another in the same plane s' extending in the direction of construction deployment. The cell 19 is shown as fully deployed and it is provided with tie rods 21 and 22 intended to stiffen it. The cell 20 which comprises the crosspieces 10 and 11 also comprises articulated rails 23-24 and 25-26, as has already been observed. Before the deployment of the infrastructure, the sleepers and the rails folded against each other form a package 27 carried by a sled 28. The sled 28 has been shown entirely only outside the construction, but, to allow a better understanding of the invention, there is also shown at 27, in front of the wall 18, the bundle of rails and sleepers as it appears immediately before deployment. In the folded state, the construction comprising the sled 28 and the bundle of sleepers and rails 27 is housed between the rails 6 and 7. In the deployment, the rail 14 comes 9 as shown in FIG. 2, in extension of the rail 6, having the same direction and the same upper level as this. The fold in which the upper level of the rails is placed well above the level of the bottom 5, is nevertheless possible due to the particular mode of articulation of the rails 6 and 14, as seen in Figure 2. The end rail 14 actually has a tab 29 articulated at 30 to the end of the cross-member 9. On the other hand, the rail 14 is indented at its lower part and it is limited in this place by a curved part 31 functioning like a cam on the edge of the bottom 5 of the box .Thanks to this arrangement, the level of the upper face of the rail 14 is raised, during folding, relative to the level of the upper face of the rail 6, which makes it possible to have all of the folded movable rails, and of the crosspieces , between the rails 6 and 7. A similar arrangement is present at the other end of the cross-member 9. There is designated by 32 a stopper and by 33 and 34 of the cables connected to the cross-member 9 and, by their other end, to the wall 18 of the box, opposite its wall 3, the cables 33 and 34 limiting the amplitude of the movement of the cross member 9 during deployment.
L'articulation des rails mobiles tels que 15, 25 et de la traverse 10 comprise entre eux (figure 3) se fait également par l'intermédiaire de pattes telles que 35 (reliée au rail 15) et 36 (reliée au rail 24). Les pattes 35 et 36 sont articulées l'une à l'autre en 37. L'infrastructure est complétée par des dispositifs extensibles tels que 38, 39, 40, 41... Ces dispositifs (figure 5) comprennent en principe chacun deux bras 42,43 articulés en 44 à un patin 45 et reliés également à un point d'articulation 48 sur une embase fixe 49 par des bras 46,47. L'embase est traversée par deux vis mères 50 et 51 dont les extrémités sont montées dans des supports fixes 54,55 et dont les filets sont disposés en sens contraires et sur lesquelles se déplacent des chariots 52, 53 reliés par des points d'articulation 56, 57 aux extrémités des bras 42, 43. Une manivelle 58 permet de faire tourner les vis 50,51 ( par un mécanisme évident non représente) et, par conséquent, de rapprocher ou d'éloigner l'une de l'autre les extrémités des bras 42,43. Il en résulte une variation de la hauteur du rail (par exemple 15) par rapport au sol sur lequel repose le patin 45.The articulation of the movable rails such as 15, 25 and of the crosspiece 10 between them (Figure 3) is also done by means of lugs such as 35 (connected to rail 15) and 36 (connected to rail 24). The legs 35 and 36 are hinged to each other at 37. The infrastructure is completed by extendable devices such as 38, 39, 40, 41 ... These devices (Figure 5) in principle each have two arms 42,43 articulated at 44 to a shoe 45 and also connected to an articulation point 48 on a fixed base 49 by arms 46,47. The base is crossed by two lead screws 50 and 51, the ends of which are mounted in fixed supports 54, 55 and whose threads are arranged in opposite directions and on which carriages move 52, 53 connected by points of articulation. 56, 57 at the ends of the arms 42, 43. A crank 58 makes it possible to rotate the screws 50.51 (by an obvious mechanism not shown) and, consequently, to bring together or move away from one another the ends of the arms 42,43. This results in a variation in the height of the rail (for example 15) relative to the ground on which the shoe 45 rests.
Pour édifier la construction, on déploie d'abord l'infrastructure au moyen d'une traction exercée sur le câble 59 qui transmet cette force, par les câbles 60 et 61,au traîneau 28. Ce traîneau, chargé du paquet 27 des traverses et des rails, extrait alors l'infrastructure du caisson 1 et déploie successivement les différentes cellules 19,20... de l'infrastructure. La mise à niveau de celle-ci se fait progressivement à l'aide des supports 38, 39, 40, 41 et autres, et on dispose alors d'une assise plane et ferme pour la superstructure à décrire ci-après. Le repli de la construction s'opère en rapprochant le traîneau 28 du caisson 1, par traction sur des câbles 62,63 attachés au traîneau 28.To build the construction, the infrastructure is first deployed by means of a traction exerted on the cable 59 which transmits this force, by the cables 60 and 61, to the sled 28. This sled, loaded with the package 27 of the sleepers and rails, then extracts the infrastructure from the box 1 and successively deploys the various cells 19, 20 ... of the infrastructure. The leveling thereof is done gradually using supports 38, 39, 40, 41 and the like, and there is then a flat and firm seat for the superstructure to be described below. The construction is folded back by bringing the sled 28 closer to the box 1, by pulling on cables 62, 63 attached to the sled 28.
La superstructure qui constitue la partie essentielle de la construction suivant l'invention se compose en ordre principal de panneaux successifs parallèles les uns aux autres et perpendiculaires à la direction de déploiement de la construction, On voit de tels panneaux en coupe verticale à la figure 9 où ils sont indiqués par 64,65,66 pour des éléments successifs 67, 68, 69... Au pourtour de ces panneaux sont fixés des cadres composés chacun de deux traverses, l'une supérieure 70, l'autre inférieure 71 (pour l'élément 68 qui sera seul décrit, les autres étant identiques), et de deux montants dont seul le montant postérieur 72 apparaît à la figure 9 (pour l'élément 68).The superstructure which constitutes the essential part of the construction according to the invention consists, in main order, of successive panels parallel to each other and perpendicular to the direction of deployment of the construction. These panels are seen in vertical section in FIG. 9 where they are indicated by 64,65,66 for successive elements 67, 68, 69 ... At the periphery of these panels are fixed frames each composed of two crosspieces, one upper 70, the other lower 71 (for element 68 which will be described alone, the others being identical), and two amounts of which only the posterior amount 72 appears in FIG. 9 (for element 68).
Aux figures 6, 7, 8, on voit ces montants antérieurs tels que 73,74,75. Les cadres sont fixés aux panneaux par des cornières telles que 77,78, Les traverses inférieures des cadres (telles que 71 pour l'élément 63) portent à leurs extrémités antérieure et postérieure des galets tels que 76 (pour l'élément 68), qui roulent sur les rails 12, 13, 23, 24... de l'infrastructure déployée et qui sont portés par les rails fixes 6,7 du caisson 1 lorsque la construction est repliée.In Figures 6, 7, 8, we see these previous amounts such as 73,74,75. The frames are fixed to the panels by angles such as 77,78, the lower crossbars of the frames (such as 71 for element 63) bear at their anterior ends and rear rollers such as 76 (for element 68), which roll on the rails 12, 13, 23, 24 ... of the deployed infrastructure and which are carried by the fixed rails 6,7 of the box 1 when the construction is folded.
Les montants des cadres portent en outre des rails tels que 79 (sur l'élément 68) et 80 (sur l'élément 69), dont l'emploi sera exposé dans la suite. Enfin, les éléments successifs tels que 67,68,69 portent des crochets (articulés aux extrémités des traverses) tels que 81,82,83,84 s'accrochant sur des pitons (non représentés) d'éléments voisins, et qui les maintiennent serrés les uns contre les autres dans la position de repli de la construction, et que des tringles (telles que 85,86...) relient aux organes d'articulation de la construction, en sorte que lors du déploiement , ces crochets se soulèvent les uns après les autres et libèrent les éléments successifs 67,68,69 en leur permettant de s'écarter les uns des autres. Les éléments de la superstructure comprennent en outre des organes d'articulation les reliant les uns aux autres. Lorsqu'on déploie la construction en exerçant une traction sur un élément ou cadre extrême 3, ces organes jouent les uns par rapport aux autres jusqu'à leur extension extrême. Ainsi, les différents locaux de la construction s'étendent pas à pas, le déploiement de l'un quelconque d'entre eux commençant lorsque le déploiement du précédent (plus proche du point d'application de la traction) a eu lieu. On décrira à présent une forme de réalisation de ces moyens d'articulation et de leurs accessoires. Dans cette forme de réalisation, les parties articulées entre elles sont des volets qui peuvent être, soit, pour chaque local, son plancher seul, soit son plancher et son plafond (cas des figures 6,7,8,9 et des figures 15,16,17,18 dans une seconde forme de réalisation), soit des parois latérales des locaux (comme sur la figure 20).The uprights of the frames also carry rails such as 79 (on element 68) and 80 (on element 69), the use of which will be explained below. Finally, successive elements such as 67,68,69 carry hooks (articulated at the ends of the crosspieces) such as 81,82,83,84 hanging on pegs (not shown) from neighboring elements, and which hold them tight against each other in the folded position of the construction, and that rods (such as 85.86 ...) connect to the articulation members of the construction, so that during deployment, these hooks are raised one after the other and release the successive elements 67,68,69 by allowing them to move away from each other. The elements of the superstructure further comprise articulation members connecting them to each other. When the construction is deployed by exerting traction on an extreme element or frame 3, these members play with respect to each other until their extreme extension. Thus, the various construction premises extend step by step, the deployment of any one of them starting when the deployment of the previous one (closer to the point of application of the traction) has taken place. We will now describe an embodiment of these articulation means and their accessories. In this embodiment, the parts hinged together are shutters which can be either for each room, its only floor, or its floor and its ceiling (case of Figures 6,7,8,9 and Figures 15,16,17,18 in a second embodiment), or side walls of the premises (as in FIG. 20).
Dans une forme de réalisation, le plancher d'un local limité par des éléments 68,69 est indiqué par 87 et le plafond est indiqué par 88. Le plancher 87 est articulé par son bord inférieur (en 89) à la traverse inférieure 90 de l ' élément 69 de la construction (voir figure 9). Il présente aux extrémités de son bord opposé, en 91,92, des galets dont seul l'un, 91, est visible à la figure 9. Ce galet roule dans le rail 79 du montant (postérieur, ici) de l'élément 68. A chacun de ses bords latéraux, le panneau de plancher 87 présente un bras latéral tel que 93 (figures 7 et 8), articulé par une de ses extrémités au milieu du bord correspondant du panneau 87, et articulé par son autre extrémité en un point (caché par le montant 73 du cadre 68) à la traverse inférieure 71 du cadre portant le rail 79 dans lequel se déplace le galet 91 dudit bord correspondant (bord arrière, ici) du panneau 87. Le panneau 88 appelé à former le plafond du local limité par les éléments 68 et 69 est articulé par un de ses bords, en 94, à la traverse supérieure 70 du cadre de l'élément 68 et il porte, aux extrémités du bord horizontal opposé du panneau 88, des galets tels que 95 (un seul de ces galets étant visible) , roulant librement dans le rail 80 de l'élément 69. Un bras latéral 97 joue le même rôle que le bras 93 du plancher. On comprend que lorsque les éléments 68 et 69 s'écartent l'un de l'autre lors du déploiement de la construction, le plancher, tournant autour de l'articulation 89, et le plafond, tournant autour de l'articulation 94, viennent prendre leur place normale et limitent ainsi l'extension du local correspondant. Les bords des panneaux de plancher 87 et de plafond 88, porteurs des galets de roulement respectifs 91, 95 sont reliés entre eux, à l'avant et à l'arrière de la construction, chaque fois par un câble compensateur tel que 98. Ce câble peut être monté de deux façons (figure 13 et figure 14). A la figure 13, le câble 98 passe sur deux poulies de renvoi 99 et 100 tournant autour d'axes montés dans les traverses supérieures des cadres des éléments 68,69 limitant le local en cours de déploiement. Dans le cas de la figure 13, le câble 98 est renvoyé sur la poulie 91 du plancher 87 et fixé par son extrémité (en 101) à la traverse supérieure du cadre correspondant. Dans le cas de la figure 14, le câble passe sur une poulie 102 montée sur le bord du panneau 88 au point d'articulation du levier latéral 97. La disposition des câbles compensateurs est protégée par des toits amovibles tels que 96 (figures 10 et 11).In one embodiment, the floor of a room limited by elements 68, 69 is indicated by 87 and the ceiling is indicated by 88. The floor 87 is articulated by its lower edge (at 89) to the lower cross member 90 of element 69 of the construction (see figure 9). It has at the ends of its opposite edge, at 91.92, rollers of which only one, 91, is visible in FIG. 9. This roller rolls in the rail 79 of the upright (posterior, here) of the element 68 At each of its lateral edges, the floor panel 87 has a lateral arm such as 93 (FIGS. 7 and 8), articulated by one of its ends in the middle of the corresponding edge of the panel 87, and articulated by its other end in a point (hidden by the upright 73 of the frame 68) at the lower cross member 71 of the frame carrying the rail 79 in which the roller 91 moves from said corresponding edge (rear edge, here) of the panel 87. The panel 88 called to form the ceiling of the room limited by the elements 68 and 69 is articulated by one of its edges, at 94, to the upper cross-member 70 of the frame of the element 68 and it carries, at the ends of the opposite horizontal edge of the panel 88, rollers such as 95 (only one of these rollers being visible), rolling freely in the rail 8 0 of the element 69. A lateral arm 97 plays the same role as the arm 93 of the floor. It is understood that when the elements 68 and 69 deviate from one another during the deployment of the construction, the floor, rotating around the joint 89, and the ceiling, rotating around the joint 94, come take their normal place and thus limit the extension of the corresponding room. The edges of the floor panels 87 and ceiling 88, carrying the respective rollers 91, 95 are connected together, at the front and at the rear of the construction, each time by a compensating cable such as 98. This cable can be mounted in two ways (figure 13 and figure 14). In FIG. 13, the cable 98 passes over two return pulleys 99 and 100 rotating around axes mounted in the upper crosspieces of the frames of the elements 68, 69 limiting the room being deployed. In the case of FIG. 13, the cable 98 is returned to the pulley 91 of the floor 87 and fixed by its end (at 101) to the upper cross member of the corresponding frame. In the case of FIG. 14, the cable passes over a pulley 102 mounted on the edge of the panel 88 at the point of articulation of the lateral lever 97. The arrangement of the compensating cables is protected by removable roofs such as 96 (FIGS. 10 and 11).
Lorsque le panneau de plancher 87 est plus lourd que le panneau de plafond 88, c'est le premier qui, par l'action du câble 98, contribue à soulever le second, lorsque commence le déploiement de la construction.When the floor panel 87 is heavier than the ceiling panel 88, it is the first which, by the action of the cable 98, contributes to lifting the second, when the deployment of the construction begins.
Lors du repli de la construction, en exerçant une force de rappel suivant la flèche f1 de la figure 8, qui s'obtient par le treuil 103 rappelant le câble 104, il est avantageux de faciliter la remontée du plancher (ici 105) en permettant à un galet 106 tournant librement près de l'extrémité de celui-ci, de gravir une poutrelle formant rampe, 107, qui repose sur le sol en 108, et , par son autre extrémité , s'appuie sur le caisson 1 et qu'on retire après cette opération.When the construction is folded back, by exerting a restoring force along the arrow f1 in FIG. 8, which is obtained by the winch 103 reminding the cable 104, it is advantageous to facilitate the ascent of the floor (here 105) by allowing a roller 106 freely rotating near the end thereof, to climb a beam forming a ramp, 107, which rests on the ground at 108, and, by its other end, is supported on the box 1 and that we remove after this operation.
En ce qui concerne les parois latérales de la construction , munies généralement de feaêtres et de portes, on voit sur la figure 6 qu'il s'agit de panneaux 109 qui peuvent tourner autour d'une charnière verticale 110 (non visible) portée par l'un des cadres limitant le local. Enfin, il y a lieu de remarquer que l'étanchéité entre le plafond 88 et l'élément suivant 111 (figures 6 et 12) s'obtient par compénétration d'une échancrure 112 prévue dans le plafond 88 et d'une saillie 113 de l'élément 111, cette disposition se répétant par la coopération d'une saillie 114 de l'élément 88 et d'une échancrure 115 de l'élément 111. Il est possible en outre de couler un joint 116 entre les éléments coopérants qui peuvent, au surplus, être réunis par un verrou Une disposition analogue peut être prévue au niveau des planchers.As regards the side walls of the building, generally provided with windows and doors, we see in Figure 6 that these are panels 109 which can rotate around a vertical hinge 110 (not visible) carried by one of the frames limiting the room. Finally, it should be noted that the seal between the ceiling 88 and the next element 111 (Figures 6 and 12) is obtained by the penetration of a notch 112 provided in the ceiling 88 and a projection 113 of element 111, this arrangement being repeated by the cooperation of a projection 114 of element 88 and a notch 115 of element 111. It is also possible to pour a seal 116 between the cooperating elements which can , in addition, be joined by a lock A similar arrangement can be provided at the floors.
Les figures 15, 16, 17 et 18 montrent, dans des vues analogues à celles des figures 6, 7, 8 et 9, une autre forme de réalisation de l'invention, permettant de réaliser des locaux plus grands. Le plancher du local se compose alors de deux panneaux 117, 118 articulés l'un à l'autre le long de leurs bords supérieurs (en 119) et articulés par leurs autres bords 120,121 (voir figure 16) aux traverses inférieures des deux cadres (ici 122,123) qui limitent le local considéré. Le plafond est, dans une telle disposition, constitué de deux panneaux 124,125 articulés l'un à l'autre par leurs bords au sommet 126 marqué par une pièce faîtière, les bords opposés desdits panneaux portant des galets 127,128 susceptibles de rouler librement dans des rails 129,130 (figure 18) portés par les montants 131,132 de deux cadres opposés 123,122.Figures 15, 16, 17 and 18 show, in views similar to those of Figures 6, 7, 8 and 9, another embodiment of the invention, for making larger premises. The floor of the room then consists of two panels 117, 118 hinged to each other along their upper edges (at 119) and articulated by their other edges 120, 121 (see FIG. 16) to the lower crosspieces of the two frames ( here 122,123) which limit the room considered. The ceiling is, in such an arrangement, made up of two panels 124, 125 articulated to each other by their edges at the apex 126 marked by a ridge piece, the opposite edges of said panels carrying rollers 127, 128 capable of rolling freely in rails. 129,130 (Figure 18) carried by the amounts 131,132 of two opposite frames 123,122.
Dans cette construction, le câble de compensation 133 reliant plancher et plafond passe sur des poulies 134,135,136,137 montées sur des axes parallèles aux bords des panneaux correspondants, et sur une poulie faîtière 138 montée de même sur l'un des panneaux du plancher.In this construction, the compensation cable 133 connecting floor and ceiling passes over pulleys 134,135,136,137 mounted on axes parallel to the edges of the corresponding panels, and over a pulley ridge 138 likewise mounted on one of the floor panels.
Les milieux des bords des panneaux de plafond sont reliés à articulation, chacun par au moins un bras télescopique 139,140, aux traverses supérieures des cadres 122,123 limitant le local.The midpoints of the edges of the ceiling panels are connected to articulation, each by at least one telescopic arm 139,140, to the upper crosspieces of the frames 122,123 limiting the room.
Les figures 19 à 24 montrent schématiquement diverses formes de construction en variante des précédentes. A la figure 19, le système de panneaux de plancher et de plafond est inversé par rapport à celui des figures 15,16,17,18, c'est-à-dire que les sommets des angles formés par les panneaux respectifs pointent ici dans des sens opposés l'un à l'autre. A la figure 20, les parois latérales 141,142 de la construction servent d'organes de liaison articulés à des éléments ou cadres 143, 144 opposés.Figures 19 to 24 schematically show various forms of construction as a variant of the previous ones. In FIG. 19, the system of floor and ceiling panels is inverted with respect to that of FIGS. 15, 16, 17, 18, that is to say that the vertices of the angles formed by the respective panels point here in opposite directions to each other. In FIG. 20, the side walls 141, 142 of the construction serve as connecting members articulated to opposite elements or frames 143, 144.
Aux figures 21,22 et 23, l'extension de la construction s'opère en direction verticale suivant des flèches f2, f3, f4 . La figure 21 reproduit, après rotation de 90°, la disposition de panneaux de la figure 19. Sur la figure 22, la paroi latérale avant 145 est articulée par un de ses bords au plancher 146 du local, et par son autre bord, peut coulisser en 147 le long du panneau de plafond 148 de cette construction. L'inverse a lieu pour l'autre paroi latérale 149. Le fonctionnement du déploiement est mis en évidence par des flèches f6, f7, f8, f9.In Figures 21, 22 and 23, the extension of the construction takes place in the vertical direction along arrows f2, f3, f4. Figure 21 reproduces, after rotation of 90 °, the arrangement of panels of Figure 19. In Figure 22, the front side wall 145 is articulated by one of its edges to the floor 146 of the room, and by its other edge, can slide at 147 along the ceiling panel 148 of this construction. The opposite takes place for the other side wall 149. The operation of the deployment is highlighted by arrows f6, f7, f8, f9.
Dans la construction de la figure 23, le plancher 150 et le plafond 151 d'un local s'approchent ou s'éloignent l'un de l'autre par le jeu d'un système de panneaux articulés fonctionnant exactement comme les panneaux de plancher et de plafond de la figure 6, et de barres latérales 152,153. Les parois munies de portes et de fenêtres, telles que 154, sont, lors du repli, rabattues parallèlement au plancher 150. Enfin, dans la construction suivant la figure 24, qui est relative à une succession de locaux 155, 156 157 séparés par des cloisons telles que 158, 159 ..., le plancher est constitué de sections successives 160, 161,162 et le plafond est constitué de sections successives 163,164,165. Lors du repli, les plafonds 163, 164,165 sont décalés par rapport aux planchers 160, 161, 162. Les panneaux de plafond sont reliés les uns aux autres le long de leurs bords supérieurs tels que 166, 167. Lorsqu'on exerce une traction sur le dernier élément de plafond 163, par une force exercée suivant la flèche f5 (qui peut être plus ou moins voisine de l'horizontale), les divers plafonds s'élèvent et viennent en regard des planchers voisins, c'est-à-dire que le plafond 163 qui se trouvait superposé au plancher 161 vient maintenant en regard du plancher 160, le plafond 164 qui se trouvait superposé au plancher 162 vient maintenant se placer au-dessus du plancher 161, etc... Pendant ce temps, les cloisons 158,159 se redressent, étant guidées par des bras latéraux tels que 168,169 articulés aux éléments de plafond et coulissant dans υn rail latéral 170 de l'ensemble des planchers.In the construction of FIG. 23, the floor 150 and the ceiling 151 of a room approach or move away from each other by the play of a system of articulated panels functioning exactly like the floor panels. and ceiling of FIG. 6, and side bars 152,153. The walls provided with doors and windows, such as 154, are, when folded back, folded down parallel to the floor 150. Finally, in the construction according to FIG. 24, which relates to a succession of premises 155, 156 157 separated by partitions such as 158, 159 ..., the floor consists of successive sections 160, 161,162 and the ceiling consists of successive sections 163,164,165. When folded down, the ceilings 163, 164, 165 are offset from the floors 160, 161, 162. The ceiling panels are connected to each other along their upper edges such as 166, 167. When pulling on the last ceiling element 163, by a force exerted along the arrow f5 (which may be more or less close to the horizontal), the various ceilings rise and come opposite the neighboring floors, that is to say that the ceiling 163 which was superimposed on the floor 161 now comes opposite the floor 160, the ceiling 164 which was superimposed on the floor 162 now comes to be placed above the floor 161, etc. During this time, the partitions 158,159 straighten out, being guided by lateral arms such as 168,169 articulated to the ceiling elements and sliding in a side rail 170 of all the floors.
Il s'agit encore d'un mouvement en accordéon tel qu'on peut l'observer chez un accordéoniste qui, parfois, au lieu d'exercer une force rapprochant ou éloignant les éléments successifs de son instrument et perpendiculaire à ces éléments, les décale l'un par rapport à l'autre suivant un mouvement tournant analogue au mouvement esquissé par la flèche 171 à la figure 24.It is also an accordion movement as can be observed with an accordionist who, sometimes, instead of exerting a force bringing the distant elements of his instrument closer or further apart and perpendicular to these elements, shifts them one relative to the other in a rotating movement analogous to the movement sketched by arrow 171 in FIG. 24.
Il est évident que bien des modifications locales pourraient être imaginée s par rapport aux formes de réalisation décrites, sans pour autant sortir du cadre de la présente invention. It is obvious that many local modifications could be imagined with respect to the embodiments described, without however departing from the scope of the present invention.

Claims

REVENDICATIONS 1.- Construction extensible comprenant des éléments préfabriqués susceptibles d'être à volonté, soit rapprochés les uns des autres pour rendre la construction plus compacte, par exemple pour son transport, soit écartés les uns des autres en position d'utilisation pour créer alors entre eux des locaux utilisables à des fins d'habitation et autres, caractérisée en ce qu'elle comporte, pour réunir ces éléments (68, 69; 9, 10) entre eux, des organes de liaison (87, 88 ; 12,13) fixés auxdits éléments par des articulations, ce qui permettra de mettre la construction en position d'utilisation en exerçant sur un élément extrême une force qui se répercute d'un élément au suivant par l'intermédiaire des articulations qui les lient entre eux, tandis que la remise de la construction à l'état compact s'obtient par l'application à l'élément extrême d'une force agissant dans le sens du rapprochement des éléments.  CLAIMS 1.- Extensible construction comprising prefabricated elements capable of being at will, either brought close to each other to make the construction more compact, for example for its transport, or separated from each other in the position of use to then create between them premises usable for residential and other purposes, characterized in that it comprises, to join these elements (68, 69; 9, 10) between them, connecting members (87, 88; 12,13 ) fixed to said elements by articulations, which will allow the construction to be put in the position of use by exerting on an extreme element a force which is reflected from one element to the next through the articulations which link them together, while that the return of the construction to the compact state is obtained by the application to the extreme element of a force acting in the direction of the bringing together of the elements.
2.- Construction suivant la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce qu'elle permet, par l'application de la force citée en premier lieu, un déploiement de la construction à la façon d'un accordéon.2. Construction according to claim 1, characterized in that it allows, by the application of the force mentioned first, a deployment of the construction in the manner of an accordion.
3.- Construction suivant la revendication 2, caractérisée en ce qu'elle permet un déploiement de la construction se faisant pas à pas, local par local et successivement.3.- Construction according to claim 2, characterized in that it allows a deployment of the construction being done step by step, local by local and successively.
4.- Construction suivant l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce qu'elle comprend un caisson (1) capable de contenir les éléments de la construction rapprochés les uns des autres. 4.- Construction according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises a box (1) capable of containing the elements of the construction close to each other.
5.- Construction suivant la revendication 4, caractérisée en ce que le caisson (1) est aux dimensions usuelles d'un conteneur.5.- Construction according to claim 4, characterized in that the box (1) is the usual dimensions of a container.
6.- Construction suivant l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce qu'elle comprend deux systèmes déployables en accordéon, le premier système constituant une superstructure formée d'éléments supérieurs (67,68) qui, par leur déploiement, donneront lieu à la formation de locaux juxtaposés alignés les uns à la suite des autres dans la direction de déploiement de la construction, et le deuxième système étant un système de poutres articulées (9,10 ; 12, 13) constituant une infrastructure (8) propre à porter les éléments supérieurs ( 68,69) avant, pendant et après leur déploiement.6.- Construction according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises two deployable accordion systems, the first system constituting a superstructure formed by upper elements (67,68) which, by their deployment, will give rise to the formation of juxtaposed premises aligned one after the other in the direction of deployment of construction, and the second system being a system of articulated beams (9,10; 12, 13) constituting an infrastructure (8) suitable for carrying the upper elements (68,69) before, during and after their deployment.
7.- Construction suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 2 à 6, caractérisée en ce que le caisson (1) comporte un panneau mobile (3) qui le ferme dans sa position de transport et qui, dans une position préliminaire au déploiement de la construction, est propre à démasquer une ouverture (2) du caisson (1), permettant le déploiement des éléments (68,69 ; 9,10) de la construction dans une direction perpendiculaire au plan de ladite ouverture (2). 7.- Construction according to any one of claims 2 to 6, characterized in that the box (1) comprises a movable panel (3) which closes it in its transport position and which, in a position preliminary to the deployment of the construction, is adapted to unmask an opening (2) of the box (1), allowing the deployment of the elements (68,69; 9,10) of the construction in a direction perpendicular to the plane of said opening (2).
8.- Construction suivant la revendication 7, caractérisée en ce que l'ouverture (2) masquée par le panneau mobile (3) est située dans une paroi verticale, du caisson en sorte de permettre le déploiement de la construction dans une direction horizontale. 8.- Construction according to claim 7, characterized in that the opening (2) masked by the movable panel (3) is located in a vertical wall, of the box so as to allow the deployment of the construction in a horizontal direction.
9.- Construction suivant la revendication 7, caractérisée en ce que l'ouverture (2) masquée par le panneau mobile (3) est située dans une paroi horizontale du caisson en sorte de permettre le déploiement de la construction dans une direction verticale. 10.- Construction suivant la revendication 6, caractérisée en ce que le système de poutres (12,13 ; 23,24) de l'infrastructure se présente, après déploiement, comme une suite de cellules rectangulaires (19, 20 ...), chacune d'elles comprenant deux éléments latéraux (12,13 ; 23,24) constituant des rails, composés chacun de deux éléments (12,13 ; 23,24) d'égale longueur, articulés l'un à l'autre à l'une de leurs extrémités et articulés par leurs autres extrémités à des traverses (9,10...) perpendiculaires à la direction de déploiement de la construction, chacune de ces traverses appartenant en commun à deux cellules rectangulaires successives et la longueur d'une traverse (9,9. Construction according to claim 7, characterized in that the opening (2) masked by the movable panel (3) is located in a horizontal wall of the box so as to allow the deployment of the construction in a vertical direction. 10.- Construction according to claim 6, characterized in that the system of beams (12,13; 23,24) of the infrastructure is, after deployment, like a series of rectangular cells (19, 20 ...) , each of them comprising two lateral elements (12,13; 23,24) constituting rails, composed each of two elements (12,13; 23,24) of equal length, hinged to each other at one of their ends and hinged by their other ends to crosspieces (9,10 ...) perpendicular to the direction of deployment of the construction, each of these sleepers jointly belonging to two successive rectangular cells and the length of a sleeper (9,
10) étant légèrement supérieure à la longueur totale d'un rail latéral (12,13 ; 23,24) déployé. 10) being slightly greater than the total length of a side rail (12,13; 23,24) deployed.
11.- Construction suivant la revendication 10, caractérisée en ce que les rails latéraux (12,13 ; 23,24) et/ou les traverses (9,10 ...) de l'infrastructure sont munis de dispositifs porteurs (38,39) extensibles pour s'adapter au profil du terrain sur lequel aura lieu le déploiement de la construction.11.- Construction according to claim 10, characterized in that the lateral rails (12,13; 23,24) and / or the sleepers (9,10 ...) of the infrastructure are provided with load-bearing devices (38, 39) extendable to adapt to the profile of the terrain on which the construction will take place.
12.- Construction suivant la revendication 10, caractérisée en ce que les éléments de l'infrastructure comprennent une partie initiale constituée d'une paire de rails intérieurs (6,7) fixés à la base (5) du caisson (1) et dirigés parallèlement à la direction de déploiement de la construction, ces rails fixes (6,7) constituant des supports pour les éléments supérieurs (68,69) de la construction, rapprochés les uns des autres. 12.- Construction according to claim 10, characterized in that the elements of the infrastructure comprise an initial part consisting of a pair of interior rails (6,7) fixed to the base (5) of the box (1) and directed parallel to the direction of deployment of the construction, these fixed rails (6,7) constituting supports for the upper elements (68,69) of the construction, brought together.
13.- Construction suivant l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que les éléments supérieurs (68,69) de la construction comprennent chacun un panneau (65,66) dont le plan est perpendiculaire à la direction de déploiement de la construction, le panneau (65,66) étant entouré d'un cadre (70,72) servant de support à des moyens d'attache (89,91; 94,95) des organes de liaison de l'un de ces cadres au cadre immédiatement suivant.13.- Construction according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the upper elements (68,69) of the construction each comprise a panel (65,66) whose plane is perpendicular to the direction of deployment of the construction , the panel (65,66) being surrounded by a frame (70,72) serving as support for attachment means (89,91; 94,95) of the connecting members of one of these frames to the frame immediately following.
14.- Construction suivant la revendication 13, caractérisée en ce que les cadres portent à leur partie inférieure des galets (76) reposant sur les rails fixes (12,13;23,24) de l'infrastructure (8) lorsque la construction est repliée, et susceptibles de rouler sur des parties successives de l'infrastructure ( 8 ) , après le déploiement de celle-ci.14.- Construction according to claim 13, characterized in that the frames bear in their part lower rollers (76) resting on the fixed rails (12,13; 23,24) of the infrastructure (8) when the construction is folded, and capable of rolling on successive parts of the infrastructure (8), after deployment of it.
15.- Construction suivant la revendication 13, caractérisée en ce que certains au moins des panneaux (65,66) des éléments supérieurs (68,69) de la construction sont ajourés en sorte de permettre, après déploiement de la construction, une communication d'un local avec un local voisin.15.- Construction according to claim 13, characterized in that at least some of the panels (65,66) of the upper elements (68,69) of the construction are perforated so as to allow, after deployment of the construction, communication d 'a room with a neighboring room.
16.- Construction suivant l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que certains au moins des organes de liaison constituent des volets mobiles assurant une fermeture plus ou moins complète des locaux de la construction, ces volets étant des plafonds (88) et/ou des planchers (87) et/ou des cloisons et/ou des chambranles de portes et/ou des châssis de fenêtres (109). 16.- Construction according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least some of the connecting members constitute movable shutters ensuring a more or less complete closure of the premises of the construction, these shutters being ceilings (88) and / or floors (87) and / or partitions and / or door frames and / or window frames (109).
17.- Construction suivant la revendication 16, caractérisée en ce que les volets mobiles (109) s'appliquent, lors du repli de la construction, contre les panneaux enfermés par les cadres.17. Construction according to claim 16, characterized in that the movable flaps (109) are applied, when the construction is folded, against the panels enclosed by the frames.
18.- Construction suivant la revendication 16, caractérisée en ce qu'un panneau (87) appelé à former le plancher d'un local créé entre deux cadres (68,69) par écartement de ceux-ci, est articulé par son bord inférieur (89), à la traverse inférieure (90) du premier (69) des cadres, et présente aux extrémités de son bord opposé des galets (91) susceptibles de rouler librement autour d'axes parallèles à ce bord, dans des rails (79) portés par les montants (72) de l'autre cadre (68).18.- Construction according to claim 16, characterized in that a panel (87) called to form the floor of a room created between two frames (68,69) by spacing thereof, is articulated by its lower edge (89), to the lower crosspiece (90) of the first (69) of the frames, and has at the ends of its opposite edge rollers (91) capable of rolling freely around axes parallel to this edge, in rails (79 ) carried by the uprights (72) of the other frame (68).
19.- Construction suivant la revendication 18, caractérisée en ce que le panneau de plancher (87) du local présente à chacun de ses bords latéraux un bras latéral (93) articulé par une de ses extrémités au milieu du bord correspondant du panneau (87) , et articulé par son autre extrémité à la traverse inférieure (71) du cadre (68) portant le rail (79) dans lequel se déplace le galet (91) dudit bord correspondant du panneau (87).19.- Construction according to claim 18, characterized in that the floor panel (87) of the local has at each of its lateral edges a lateral arm (93) articulated by one of its ends in the middle of the corresponding edge of the panel (87), and articulated by its other end to the lower crosspiece (71) of the frame (68) bearing the rail (79) in which the roller (91) moves from said corresponding edge of the panel (87).
20.- Construction suivant la revendication 16, caractérisée en ce qu'un panneau appelé à former le plafond (88) du local créé entre deux cadres (68,69) par écartement de ceux-ci, est articulé par un de ses bords à la traverse supérieure (70) de l'autre cadre (68), et présente,aux extrémités de. son bord opposé, des galets (95) susceptibles de rouler librement autour d'axes parallèles à ce bord, dans des rails (80) portés par les montants du premier (69) desdits cadres.20.- Construction according to claim 16, characterized in that a panel called to form the ceiling (88) of the room created between two frames (68,69) by spacing thereof, is articulated by one of its edges to the upper crosspiece (70) of the other frame (68), and has, at the ends of. its opposite edge, rollers (95) capable of rolling freely around axes parallel to this edge, in rails (80) carried by the uprights of the first (69) of said frames.
21.- Construction suivant la revendication 20, caractérisée en ce que le panneau de plafond (88) du local présente à chacun de ses bords latéraux un bras latéral (97) articulé par une de ses extrémités au milieu du bord correspondant du panneau (88), et articulé par son autre extrémité à la traverse supérieure du cadre (69) portant le rail (80) dans lequel se déplace le galet (95) dudit bord correspondant du panneau. 21.- Construction according to claim 20, characterized in that the ceiling panel (88) of the room has at each of its lateral edges a lateral arm (97) articulated by one of its ends in the middle of the corresponding edge of the panel (88 ), and articulated by its other end to the upper cross member of the frame (69) carrying the rail (80) in which the roller (95) moves from said corresponding edge of the panel.
22.- Construction suivant les revendications22.- Construction according to the claims
18,19,20 et 21, caractérisée en ce que les bords des panneaux respectifs de plancher (87) et de plafond (88), porteurs des galets de roulement (91,95) , sont reliés entre eux par au moins un câble compensateur (98) passant sur des poulies (99,100) montées pour tourner librement autour d'axes fixés dans les traverses supérieures des cadres (68,69) opposés du local.18,19,20 and 21, characterized in that the edges of the respective floor (87) and ceiling (88) panels, carrying the rollers (91,95), are interconnected by at least one compensating cable (98) passing over pulleys (99,100) mounted to rotate freely around axes fixed in the upper crosspieces of the frames (68,69) opposite from the room.
23.- Construction suivant la revendication 22, caractérisée en ce que le câble compensateur (98) , du côté où il est relié à un bord du plancher, passe autour d'une poulie (91) tournant librement autour d'un axe parallèle à ce bord, et en ce que l'extrémité de ce câble, après avoir passé sur cette poulie (91), est fixée (en 101) à la traverse supérieure du cadre (68) par rapport auquel se déplace ce bord du plancher(fig.1323. Construction according to claim 22, characterized in that the compensating cable (98), on the side where it is connected to an edge of the floor, passes around a pulley (91) freely rotating around an axis parallel to this edge, and in that the end of this cable, after passing over this pulley (91), is fixed (at 101) to the crosspiece upper part of the frame (68) relative to which this edge of the floor moves (fig. 13
24.- Construction suivant la revendication 11, caractérisée en ce qu'entre les poulies (99,100) portées par les traverses supérieures des cadres (68,69), le câble compensateur (98) passe autour d'une poulie (102) montée pour tourner librement autour d'un axe fixé au milieta du bord du plafond (fig. 14).24.- Construction according to claim 11, characterized in that between the pulleys (99,100) carried by the upper crosspieces of the frames (68,69), the compensating cable (98) passes around a pulley (102) mounted for rotate freely around an axis fixed to the milieta from the edge of the ceiling (fig. 14).
25.- Construction suivant la revendication 16, caractérisée en ce que le plancher d'un local à créer entre deux cadres par écartement de ceux-ci, se compose de deux panneaux (117,118) articulés l'un à l'autre le long (119) de leurs bords supérieurs, et articulés par leurs autres bords (120,121) aux traverses inférieures des deux cadres (122,123) limitant ledit local.25.- Construction according to claim 16, characterized in that the floor of a room to be created between two frames by spacing thereof, consists of two panels (117,118) hinged to one another along ( 119) from their upper edges, and articulated by their other edges (120,121) to the lower crosspieces of the two frames (122,123) limiting said room.
26.- Construction suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 16 et 25, caractérisée en ce que le plafond du local est constitué de deux panneaux (124, 125) articulés à une pièce faîtière (126) par deux de leurs bords, les bords opposés desdits panneaux portant des galets (127,128) susceptibles de rouler librement dans des rails (129,130) portés par les montants de deux cadres opposés (122,123).26.- Construction according to any one of claims 16 and 25, characterized in that the room ceiling consists of two panels (124, 125) articulated to an ridge piece (126) by two of their edges, the opposite edges said panels carrying rollers (127,128) capable of rolling freely in rails (129,130) carried by the uprights of two opposite frames (122,123).
27.- Construction suivant la revendication 26, caractérisée en ce que les milieux des bords des panneaux appelés à former le plafond du local, sont reliés à articulation chacun par au moins un bras télescopique (139,140) , aux traverses supérieures des cadres (122,123) limitant le local.27.- Construction according to claim 26, characterized in that the middle of the edges of the panels called to form the ceiling of the room, are connected to articulation each by at least one telescopic arm (139,140), to the upper crosspieces of the frames (122,123) limiting the local.
28.- Construction suivant les revendications 25 à 27, caractérisée en ce que les bords libres des panneaux articulés entre eux, qui forment le plafond sont reliés entre eux par au moins un câble compensateur (133) qui passe sur des poulies (134,135,136,137) tournant librement autour d'axes montés parallèlement à ces bords, dans les cadres (122,123) limitant le local, et sur une poulie faîtière (138) montée sur un des panneaux (117,118) du plancher. 28.- Construction according to claims 25 to 27, characterized in that the free edges of the panels hinged together, which form the ceiling are interconnected by at least one compensating cable (133) which passes over pulleys (134,135,136,137) freely rotating around axes mounted parallel to these edges, in the frames (122,123) limiting the room, and over an ridge pulley (138 ) mounted on one of the floor panels (117,118).
EP86901762A 1985-04-04 1986-03-25 Extensible construction Expired EP0216825B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

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AT86901762T ATE47739T1 (en) 1985-04-04 1986-03-25 EXTENSIBLE CONSTRUCTION.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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BE0/214798A BE902125A (en) 1985-04-04 1985-04-04 Prefab. modular building frame - has sections connected via linkage for erection using hydraulic rams or winch
BE214798 1985-04-04

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EP0216825A1 true EP0216825A1 (en) 1987-04-08
EP0216825B1 EP0216825B1 (en) 1989-11-02

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JP (1) JP2592059B2 (en)
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ES8701885A1 (en) 1986-12-01
JPS62502415A (en) 1987-09-17
DE3666711D1 (en) 1989-12-07
DK581286D0 (en) 1986-12-03
PT82336A (en) 1986-05-01
EP0216825B1 (en) 1989-11-02
US4829726A (en) 1989-05-16
DK159793B (en) 1990-12-03
JP2592059B2 (en) 1997-03-19
WO1986005829A1 (en) 1986-10-09
DK159793C (en) 1991-05-06
BR8606543A (en) 1987-08-04
CA1293353C (en) 1991-12-24
PT82336B (en) 1992-07-31
ES553678A0 (en) 1986-12-01
DK581286A (en) 1986-12-03

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